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Studies have repeatedly documented the cost of ruling: governing parties generally suffer electoral defeats. We approach this empirical law of political science from the perspective of another empirical law: the incumbency bonus, the fact that incumbents get more media attention than the opposition. Our claim is that the bonus constitutes an electoral liability because it reflects the critical approach of media to government power. News featuring incumbents is therefore associated with a more negative tone than news featuring the opposition. This incumbency burden in turn affects government support negatively. Empirically, we draw on an extensive news corpus covering four European countries over two decades, combined with monthly poll data. Analyses show that the incumbency burden in political news is an empirical reality, and that variations in the burden contribute substantially to predictions of government support. Finally, the negative burden effect is stronger for single‐party cabinets, but stable throughout government tenure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are a crucial innovation for achieving sustainable transportation and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, which are major contributors to global warming and climate change. While previous studies have explored attitudes towards BEV technology acceptance, few have examined the interplay of external factors such as government measures and adoption barriers in promoting sustainable mobility. This study addresses this gap by investigating the roles of government policies, usage obstacles and innovation diffusion in stimulating BEV purchase intentions, while applying the Innovative Diffusion Theory (IDT). Data from 3632 respondents in Thailand were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine causal relationships between factors. The results indicate that government policies supporting BEV users enhance innovation diffusion in society, leading to increased adoption intentions. Furthermore, effective policies help mitigate barriers to BEV usage, further encouraging adoption. The study also reveals that causal relationships of BEV usage intentions vary across age groups, highlighting the need for targeted approaches in promoting sustainable transportation. These findings contribute to the development of evidence-based policy recommendations to accelerate BEV adoption, supporting Thailand's Carbon Neutrality goals and broader sustainable development objectives. By elucidating the complex dynamics of BEV adoption, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders working towards a more sustainable and environmentally friendly transportation sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing literature on government debt has predominantly focused on its influence on economic growth, with relatively limited attention paid to its ecological implications. Government debt, as an important financial tool, plays an essential role in improving the quality of economic development, yet its impact on sustainable governance remains underexplored. Against this backdrop, this paper investigates the relationship between government debt and carbon reduction using a sample of Chinese listed companies from 2010 to 2023. After excluding missing and financial firm data, our final sample includes 26,535 observations. We obtained these data from the China Security Market Accounting Research (CSMAR) database and the Wind database. This study utilizes ordinary least squares (OLS) as the baseline regression and identifies a significant positive impact of government debt on carbon emissions. Further, the moderating analysis suggests that the positive impact of government debt on carbon reduction is particularly stronger in state-owned (SOEs) and heavily polluting enterprises. To ensure the robustness of these findings, we also use fixed-effects models and the generalized method of moments (GMM), validating the consistency of the findings. This research provides critical practical and theoretical insights for regulators and adds to the prevailing body of literature on emissions reduction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to analyze the nature, magnitude and determinants of access to food among rural households in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach: The study is based on the World Bank's Rural Impact Survey, which has documented the shocks of COVID-19 among 2,787 rural households across six states in India. The chi-square test and binary logistics regression have been used to analyze the data. Findings: About 49.7 % of rural households have reported the incidence of food inaccessibility and shortage, and the majority of them reported a reduction in food intake during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the magnitude of food accessibility varied across the states and the sociodemographic characteristics of the households. Furthermore, regression analysis indicates that family size, social category and occupation as sociodemographic variables and membership in self-help groups, wage employment under Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and Cash transfer under Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi and Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana as institutional support factors have a significant effect on access to food among rural households. Practical implications: The findings of the study have far-reaching policy implications for developing an effective food distribution system in crisis situations like the COVID-19 outbreak. The study also provides directions for extending the research on determinants of access to food during crisis. Originality/value: The study is based on a large survey data from the rural households in India and provides empirical evidence on access to food faced by rural communities during the COVID-19 lockdown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The re-engineering of the global economy has generated extensive research into economic growth engines, with entrepreneurship emerging as a key driver. Despite numerous studies, identifying the variables that bolster entrepreneurship remains challenging due to interconnected factors. To fill this gap, this study adopts an integrated model to examine three factors influencing entrepreneurship and its motivation: income level, cultural, and political variables. Design/methodology/approach: Utilizing the Maslow theory of need and robust second-generation econometrics approaches, the study analyzed data from 1990 to 2021 across 15 selected countries. The findings demonstrate that the variables are first difference stationary and exhibit long-term co-integration. Therefore, the pooled mean group regression estimator is used to explore the long-term relationships among the study variables. Findings: The results show that income levels positively and significantly impact entrepreneurship, but at a decreasing rate in high-income regimes, and positively influence cultural values. Cultural values of mastery and autonomy significantly foster entrepreneurship. Government support further reinforces the connection between cultural values of mastery and entrepreneurship. Practical implications: It is recommended that programs be developed to nurture an entrepreneurial mindset and provide resources to individuals who demonstrate these values, thus enhancing entrepreneurial activity. Originality/value: The study exposed the heterogeneous impact of income level on entrepreneurship and proposed an integrated model to explore entrepreneurship in emerging countries as prior research often examined these variables in isolation, which has proven insufficient in explaining the discrepancies in entrepreneurial activities among countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is due to the importance of assessing projects implemented within the framework of the state business support system, in which entrepreneurs take an active part by submitting applications for various types of support, including investment subsidies, technical assistance in the implementation of quality management systems, export support, and educational programs. The study identified the main factors determining the successful implementation of projects aimed at supporting and stimulating business development. The research design of project implementation effectiveness factors in the business support system is a strategic approach that allows you to organize and structure the analysis of theoretical concepts, and also provides a basis for subsequent experimental research in a real practical project management environment. The research methodology includes the use of structural modeling, which is a validated technique for testing multiple parallel hypotheses about the existence of cause-and-effect relationships. The conducted survey of business entities in several regions of Kazakhstan and the subsequent data analysis confirmed the significance of the identified factors, as a result of which the identified analysis allows to better understand the processes occurring in the business support system and offer practical recommendations for its improvement, which can also serve as a basis for the development of more effective strategies and programs to support entrepreneurship in Kazakhstan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water management initiatives are implemented under a concept called water footprint management (WF management). Different initiatives and pressures might have a positive influence on the implementation of WF management, such as the adoption of corporate social responsibility (CSR) practices, government support and coercive pressures. This study assessed the effects that CSR practices, government support, and coercive pressures have on the implementation of WF management initiatives. This study also evaluated the effects that the adoption of WF management has on firms' reputations and legitimacy. A quantitative methodology was employed, in which a survey of 113 Chilean firms in the agri-food industry was carried out. Data were analyzed with the Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modelling method, which determines causal relationships between constructs. We found that CSR and government support exert a direct, positive, and significant influence on WF management. Also, WF management was found to have a direct, positive, and significant effect on firms' reputations and legitimacy. CSR has a greater influence on WF management compared to government support, which shows that CSR initiatives are of paramount importance, surpassing the support provided by governments for the implementation of WF management practices. Considerable indirect effects of CSR on reputation and legitimacy were also observed. This study's findings imply a crucial role for governments in prioritizing coercive pressures. In addition, it is imperative that agri-food firms foster their CSR programs to improve the implementation of WF practices, as the urgency of the situation cannot be overstated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural service trade is closely related to the promotion of the sustainable development of China's agriculture and is necessary for comprehensive rural revitalization. To clarify the relationship between trade in agricultural services and agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) from a macroscopic perspective and then analyze the acting path and threshold effect, can provide an important reference for improving agriculture's green level and realizing the sustainable development of agriculture. This paper uses the provincial panel data of China from 2007 to 2022 to measure agricultural green total factor productivity (AGTFP) using the SBM-GML model and explores the impact of agricultural service trade on AGTFP with the help of the fixed effect model, the mediation effect model, and the threshold model. According to this study: (1) Trade in agricultural services can significantly increase AGTFP. (2) Mechanism analysis shows that trade in agricultural services can promote AGTFP through promoting industrial agglomeration, enhancing technological innovation, and improving factor allocation. (3) Heterogeneity analysis shows that trade in agricultural services has a more obvious role in promoting AGTFP in the eastern region and the main grain marketing area. (4) The threshold effect finds that the promotion of agricultural services trade on AGTFP will gradually increase as the level of government support rises. Therefore, China should actively promote the development of agricultural service trade, implement the concept of sustainable development, improve the level of government support, and promote the improvement in agricultural total factor productivity and sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For many years, Pakistan's economic progress and development have primarily depended on agriculture. However, widespread rural poverty impairs agricultural productivity, which worsens the outlook for growth for both the agricultural sector and the nation as a whole. Raising farmers' incomes through rural development is a key component of agricultural reform, and the prime objective of this study is to identify how government policies and foreign aid affect Pakistan's degree of rural poverty. This research aims to check the mediating role of rural development for the relationship of foreign aid, agricultural production, and corporate social responsibility with poverty reduction. This research also examines the moderating role of government support in the relationship of rural development with poverty reduction. In this regard, the current study proposes four hypotheses of direct relationships, three mediating relationships, and one moderating relationship. The population comprised farmers. The sample size of 119 was determined using G*Power with medium effect size settings, ensuring a robust representation of the target group. To gather primary data, a close-ended structured questionnaire was administered, employing a 7-point Likert scale to gather respondents' opinions. This study investigates the Punjab province's agricultural landscape from a quantitative perspective, using convenient sampling to identify the characteristics that contribute to reducing poverty, and was conducted from January to December 2023. Analytical procedures utilizing Smart PLS 4.0.9.6 for SEM testing reveal that all proposed hypotheses, including direct, mediating, and moderating, are accepted. The main results show that rural development significantly mediates the relationship between foreign aid, agricultural production, and corporate social responsibility with poverty reduction. Furthermore, government support positively moderates the relationship between rural development and poverty reduction. The findings underscore the significance of rural development, coupled with government support, as a pivotal factor in effectively reducing poverty in Pakistan's economic landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study analyzes and investigates the factors that impact women's entrepreneurial success, focusing on Entrepreneurial Education (EE) and Access to Capital (AC) as independent variables, while Access to Network (AN) as a mediating factor, and Government Support (GS) as a moderator and Women Entrepreneurial Success (WES), is the dependent variable. Moreover, this study employs a structured questionnaire and a survey of 200 entrepreneurs to test assumptions concerning women entrepreneurs in Balochistan. We followed Ethical guidelines to protect participant anonymity and information confidentiality. Furthermore, the study used a cross-sectional technique and 1-5 scale to investigate significant and relevant factors, with an epistemology-positivism philosophical approach and an explanatory focus. It remains our utmost priority to eschew any sort of irrelevant material. The survey instrument's pilot testing ensures data validity and reliability, paving a smooth way for understand women's business success in Balochistan. These parameters exhibited strong internal consistency and subtle relationships. While EE exhibited a statistically insignificant correlation with WES. AC, AN and GS were identified as major predictors. Mediation and moderation analyses revealed AN's complicated roles. The ramifications include tremendous and extensive support networks for women entrepreneurs. The study focuses on a conducive environment that enhances and unlocks the potential capabilities of women to play their part in economic sector. Our findings may be valuable and lead to a constructive and productive path for women entrepreneurs who aspire for a profound positive social effect on society by participating in the economic domain and achieve success in their commercial careers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The substantial influence of the board of directors on company performance is a key area of focus in global business management. This study examines the moderating effect of government support on the board of director's role in the relationship between perceived risks and the nonfinancial performance of firms. A survey was conducted among 480 Colombian exporting companies from August to December 2023 to achieve this aim. The data were analyzed using a structural equation model. One significant gap in the literature is the need to identify specific actions and behaviors of companies across various economic sectors, such as exporting Small and Medium Enterprises, to develop strategies for managing risks associated with nonfinancial performance. Additionally, examining the moderating role of government support in achieving business sustainability standards is critical. The findings reveal that human risk (psychological and social) does not significantly affect nonfinancial performance when government support directly influences board decision‐making. However, operational risk impacts nonfinancial performance when board directors possess extensive environmental information and leverage government support to implement necessary actions. This understanding enables firms to navigate their operational context more effectively and seize available opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case study of subjects of the Siberian Federal District of Russia demonstrates the problems of interaction between science and business in creating innovative ecosystems. The authors performed a comparative analysis of the development of the district's regions in research, innovation, and technology. A scheme is proposed for positioning each of them in the coordinates of scientific and technological potential, which reflect regions' ability to create knowledge and innovation and the receptivity of the regional economy to use and commercialize scientific developments. The leading regions with developed and balanced ecosystems (Novosibirsk and Tomsk oblasts), regions in which scientific potential is higher than the technological potential (Irkutsk and Omsk oblasts, Krasnoyarsk krai), regions with a level of technology development higher than the level of scientific development (Altai krai, Kemerovo oblast) and problem areas (the republics of Altai, Tyva, Khakassia) are identified. The need to expand horizontal intra- and interregional interactions is substantiated, promoting the search for new combinations of abilities and capabilities of regions, increasing the sustainability and balance of ecosystems at various levels. Using the example of the development of an innovative ecosystem in the field of biopharmaceutical technologies, the formation of interactions between ecosystem participants is shown. The increasing importance of state participation in the formation of models of ecosystem development, which are distinguished by great diversity, has been revealed. Forms and instruments of state support should take into account the unique characteristics of the regions, which imply a significant expansion of the powers of authorities at the regional and local levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to study the moderating effects of private ownership and government support on the relationship between outsourcing and product innovation in entrepreneurial ventures in a transition economy. Design/methodology/approach: The data of 10,296 Vietnamese entrepreneurial ventures from the four rounds of the survey conducted by the General Statistics Office (GSO) of Vietnam to investigate the moderating effects of private ownership and government support on the association between outsourcing and entrepreneurial ventures' product innovation performance. The Probit regression model is employed to estimate such associations. Findings: Our research uncovered that the impact of outsourcing on the likelihood of product innovation is more significant for entrepreneurial operations characterized by a substantial degree of private ownership and government backing as opposed to those without. Research limitations/implications: The results of our research indicated that the resource-based perspective and extended resource-based view (ERBV) are essential in examining the impact of gaining resources or skills from external sources on the growth of entrepreneurial enterprises. These ideas have significance and importance not just in industrialized economies but also in countries undergoing transition. Our findings suggest that entrepreneurial enterprises should have the ability to manage a wide range of resources and make decisions about which activities should be handled internally and which should be delegated to other parties. Practical implications: Our findings also imply that entrepreneurial ventures should be able to control many resources and choose which tasks should be performed in-house and which should be outsourced to third parties. Originality/value: By adopting and leveraging the resource-based view (RBV) and extended resource-based views (ERBV), our study developed a theoretical model about private ownership and government support for moderate outsourcing's impact on entrepreneurial innovation in a transition economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the Chinese tourism services market and the prospects for its development in the context of the public policy of the PRC.Tasks. Research objectives: perform a cluster analysis of entrepreneurial activity in the field of tourism, construct a diagram of the distribution of travel agencies by clusters; comply with the current state of the tourism services market in terms of key metrics; study government support measures for the industry; determine the prospects for the development of the tourism services market of the PRC and Russian-Chinese cooperation in the context of the implementation of the new “double circulation” strategy.Methods. Methodological basis and research methods: systematic approach, logical analysis, synthesis, cluster and regression analysis, content analysis of open sources.Results. The results obtained: the supply-side model of China’s modern tourism landscape includes three clusters; The specificity of China’s domestic tourism market is the holiday tourism segment; a new driver of economic growth is domestic tourism, the preferences of domestic tourists reflect a wide range of interests; the system of state support for tourism includes direct and indirect methods that adapt to changes in the external and internal environment.Conclusions. With a high probability, the prospects for cooperation between the PRC and the Russian Federation are assessed quite highly; favorable factors in the development of Russian-Chinese cooperation are the opening of new “windows of opportunity” after the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the restriction of outbound tourist flows to unfriendly countries and changes in the vector towards the BRICS countries, SCO, and EAEU.

Purpose: This study aimed to map and analyze the knowledge structure of science, technology, and innovation policymaking studies using a co-occurrence network. Understanding the trends in the literature related to science, technology, and innovation policymaking enables policymakers to gain a broader perspective on significant global issues. Additionally, researchers can gain insights into the most prevalent topics in this field and navigate the boundaries of knowledge in science, technology, and innovation policymaking.Methodology: The current research is a descriptive study that employs scientometric indicators along with documentary and social network analysis methods. The research population consists of 3,868 articles and reviews published between 1969 and 2023 in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking. Data for the study was collected on June 3, 2023, by accessing the Web of Science database (a product of Clarivate Analytics). Microsoft Excel was utilized to analyze the research data and create a geographical distribution map. Additionally, Vosviewer software was employed to visualize the co-occurrence network of papers in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking, while Gephi was used to clean and remove unrelated keywords.Findings: The number of published articles on the topic of science, technology, and innovation policymaking has been steadily increasing. Among the countries, the United States, England, China, the Netherlands, and Germany have produced the highest number of publications in this field. An analysis of journal publications revealed that the Sustainability Journal, with 89 articles; the Environmental Science and Policy Journal, with 74 articles; and the Journal of Cleaner Production, with 69 articles, have the most publications related to science, technology, and innovation policymaking. The co-occurrence network in this field consists of 221 nodes and 8035 unique links, and the most frequently occurring keywords among these nodes include science, policy, policy making, innovation, government, and technology. Furthermore, over the past five years, topics such as COVID-19, big data, sustainable development, data science, citizen science, circular economy, urbanization, energy transition, and CO2 emissions have been extensively discussed. The co-occurrence network in the field of science, technology, and innovation policymaking consists of five clusters: sustainable development, public health, climate change, government support, and public participation. These clusters represent different aspects of science, technology, and innovation policymaking.The findings indicate that the articles published by Iranian researchers on science, technology, and innovation policymaking have received 924 citations. In other words, each of them received an average of 7.7 citations, and 77.59 percent of them were cited at least once. In addition, these articles have performed less than the global expectation by obtaining a category-normalized citation impact equal to 0.92. Also, 79.38 percent of these scientific productions result from international collaborations and the highest amount of collaboration has been done with researchers from the USA, England, Australia, and Canada.Conclusion: The policymaking process for science and technology is highly complex, and influenced by various factors, including global conditions, challenges, developments, trends, country of origin, and territorial considerations. To promote sustainable development goals, science and technology policies should prioritize innovation and entrepreneurship. Additionally, governments should focus on supporting activities that contribute to economic prosperity in this area. Health is a vital economic sector that not only directly impacts economic growth but also influences the development of other sectors. Policymakers in science and technology across various countries emphasize the significance of health research and the rapid deployment of new technologies, such as pharmaceuticals, diagnostic tools, remote treatments, and medical equipment. Science, technology, and innovation are crucial for sustainable development, as they aid in the formulation and implementation of policies and regulations concerning climate change. These policies may involve establishing standards, implementing energy regulations and taxes, utilizing tools to control pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, and protecting water resources and the environment. The government plays a crucial role in the formulation of science and technology policies, especially in developing countries, where it aligns with national priorities through various policy instruments. These instruments, often referred to as governance tools, are measures utilized by the government to accomplish specific policy objectives. Public participation in the science and technology policy-making process allows society to directly influence policies and decisions in this domain. This promotes transparency, trust, and the empowerment of society in matters related to science and technology, ultimately resulting in the adoption of improved policies, informed decisions, and positive outcomes for the community.

Agriculture has experienced many crises in recent years. The need for public authorities to respond was caused not only by the pandemic generated by the SARS-CoV and that disrupted production and supply chains, but also by the increase in the number and scale of natural disasters. The article shows that public authorities have taken measures to support the agricultural sector, ensuring their implementation both in the short term and to reduce their impact on future shocks through introducing temporary bans on export, decreasing (or increasing) tariffs, etc. The article indicates that in most countries, government support measures were aimed at ensuring domestic food supplies and overcoming market disruptions. In the context of the global economy, the policy of supporting agricultural production was characterised by conditions of high energy prices and regular disruptions in value chains in the world trade. Scientific research on the creation of conditions for the development of agriculture reflects various aspects of the topic of climate change mitigation, vulnerability of agriculture to climate change, and adaptation of agricultural and food systems. The article considers the features of the programme-target method in providing support to the agricultural production through the development of public policy measures. The Australian experience in implementing the Smart Farms programme is presented in the context of programme blocks with an analysis of the technologies used; key approaches in organising the selection of the programme participants and the risks of its realisation are highlighted. It is concluded that the implementation of the target programme has made it possible to expand the possibilities of digital transformation in agriculture and ensure the provision of budgetary funds on a competitive basis under openness and transparency of all the stages and procedures.

The article examines priority groups of the population (socially vulnerable, women entrepreneurs, young and social entrepreneurs) engaged in entrepreneurial activities, including through the conclusion of a social contract, as a factor of the sustainability of regional economies. The article is aimed at analysing the regional structure of these population groups and their support in individual subjects. The methodology of the study is based on the use of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparison). The main results of the work have showed that supporting participation of the above-mentioned groups socially integrates them, stimulating economic growth, regional and national development. In addition, it increases the level of economic competitiveness, expands entrepreneurial opportunities, and creates a favourable climate for the successful functioning of market entities. The scope of application of the results obtained during the study is based on the possibility of using them while developing mechanisms for increasing the involvement of the considered priority population groups in order to achieve a given level of sustainability of regional economies, which also determines the prospects for further research on this problem. The dependence of the level of sustainable development of regional economies and their competitiveness on the level of involvement of these groups in entrepreneurship has been established.

Abstract Background Key discoveries and innovations in the field of human genetics have led to the foundation of molecular and personalized medicine. Here, we present the Genome Tunisia Project, a two-phased initiative (2022–2035) which aims to deliver the reference sequence of the Tunisian Genome and to support the implementation of personalized medicine in Tunisia, a North African country that represents a central hub of population admixture and human migration between African, European, and Asian populations. The main goal of this initiative is to develop a healthcare system capable of incorporating omics data for use in routine medical practice, enabling medical doctors to better prevent, diagnose, and treat patients. Methods A multidisciplinary partnership involving Tunisian experts from different institutions has come to discern all requirements that would be of high priority to fulfill the project’s goals. One of the most urgent priorities is to determine the reference sequence of the Tunisian Genome. In addition, extensive situation analysis and revision of the education programs, community awareness, appropriate infrastructure including sequencing platforms and biobanking, as well as ethical and regulatory frameworks, have been undertaken towards building sufficient capacity to integrate personalized medicine into the Tunisian healthcare system. Results In the framework of this project, an ecosystem with all engaged stakeholders has been implemented including healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, pharmacists, bioinformaticians, industry, policymakers, and advocacy groups. This initiative will also help to reinforce research and innovation capacities in the field of genomics and to strengthen discoverability in the health sector. Conclusions Genome Tunisia is the first initiative in North Africa that seeks to demonstrate the major impact that can be achieved by Human Genome Projects in low- and middle-income countries to strengthen research and to improve disease management and treatment outcomes, thereby reducing the social and economic burden on healthcare systems. Sharing this experience within the African scientific community is a chance to turn a major challenge into an opportunity for dissemination and outreach. Additional efforts are now being made to advance personalized medicine in patient care by educating consumers and providers, accelerating research and innovation, and supporting necessary changes in policy and regulation.

For many years, Pakistan’s economic progress and development have primarily depended on agriculture. However, widespread rural poverty impairs agricultural productivity, which worsens the outlook for growth for both the agricultural sector and the nation as a whole. Raising farmers’ incomes through rural development is a key component of agricultural reform, and the prime objective of this study is to identify how government policies and foreign aid affect Pakistan’s degree of rural poverty. This research aims to check the mediating role of rural development for the relationship of foreign aid, agricultural production, and corporate social responsibility with poverty reduction. This research also examines the moderating role of government support in the relationship of rural development with poverty reduction. In this regard, the current study proposes four hypotheses of direct relationships, three mediating relationships, and one moderating relationship. The population comprised farmers. The sample size of 119 was determined using G*Power with medium effect size settings, ensuring a robust representation of the target group. To gather primary data, a close-ended structured questionnaire was administered, employing a 7-point Likert scale to gather respondents’ opinions. This study investigates the Punjab province’s agricultural landscape from a quantitative perspective, using convenient sampling to identify the characteristics that contribute to reducing poverty, and was conducted from January to December 2023. Analytical procedures utilizing Smart PLS 4.0.9.6 for SEM testing reveal that all proposed hypotheses, including direct, mediating, and moderating, are accepted. The main results show that rural development significantly mediates the relationship between foreign aid, agricultural production, and corporate social responsibility with poverty reduction. Furthermore, government support positively moderates the relationship between rural development and poverty reduction. The findings underscore the significance of rural development, coupled with government support, as a pivotal factor in effectively reducing poverty in Pakistan’s economic landscape.

Introduction. Small and medium-sized businesses are a key engine of economic growth, especially in the context of the digitalization of the economy, where access to digital technologies and digital solutions is becoming increasingly important. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the directions of state support for small and medium-sized businesses, taking into account the specifics of the stages of economic growth in the conditions of digitalization of the economy. The development of small and medium-sized businesses goes through several stages, which can range from the creation of a new enterprise to its diversification and expansion. At the same time, each stage of growth requires an individual approach and special attention from the state. Methods. The research was carried out using a variety of general scientific methods, including a thorough analysis of the works of various authors, synthesis and comparison of information, the use of a system-functional and integrated approach. In addition, the study used data from official statistics, regulatory documents and the legislative framework of the Russian Federation and the DPR. The results of this study not only objectively reflect the theoretical data, but also systematize them for a better understanding. Results. In the course of this study, the dynamics of registered small and medium–sized businesses in the Russian Federation for 2020 – 2024 and new annexed territories – the DPR, LPR, Kherson and Zaporizhia regions for 2023 – 2024 were revealed; the laws of the Russian Federation and legislative acts of the regional level regulating the activities of SMEs were determined. The directions and types of support for SMEs of the DPR at different stages of economic growth. Conclusions. Thus, in the context of the digitalization of the economy, state support for SMEs should be justified and focused on the specifics of the stages of economic growth of this sector. It is necessary to include measures to ensure access to digital technologies, stimulate cooperation and cooperation, ensure financing and create a favorable investment climate.

Innovation and investment development a key factor that will influence the recovery and development of enterprises in the post-war period. Investments in innovations can become a source of economic growth after the war, which will stimulate the creation of new jobs, and increase the productivity and competitiveness of enterprises, which will contribute to the development of all sectors of the economy. Thus, the study aimed to identify the main problems and opportunities for investment and innovative business development in the country in the post-war period. Theoretical research methods such as generalisation, statistical analysis, in particular, data aggregation and sample grouping, and analysis of development indices were used to achieve this goal. The study, based on the analysis of key factors, substantiated the relationship between investment and innovation, as well as between investment opportunities and financial results of business entities. Several key issues that hinder the innovation and investment development of enterprises in Ukraine and will have an impact in the future were identified and analysed in detail using statistical data, including the lack of financial resources, lack of proper infrastructure, problems with human resources, and corruption, which significantly affects Ukraine’s position in certain international investment ratings, resulting in difficulties in attracting foreign capital. It was established that all the above problems were significantly escalated as a result of the war. The features of innovative activity of enterprises in the conditions of war were studied and the main directions of support required by business in this area were formed. The necessity of comprehensive state support to stimulate the innovation and investment development of enterprises in the post-war period was substantiated. The results of the study can be used by public authorities, business entities and the scientific community dealing with the issues of innovation and investment activities of enterprises

Background: Key discoveries and innovations in the field of human genetics have led to the foundation of molecular and personalized medicine. Here, we present the Genome Tunisia Project, a two-phased initiative (2022–2035) which aims to deliver the reference sequence of the Tunisian Genome and to support the implementation of personalized medicine in Tunisia, a North African country that represents a central hub of population admixture and human migration between African, European, and Asian populations. The main goal of this initiative is to develop a healthcare system capable of incorporating omics data for use in routine medical practice, enabling medical doctors to better prevent, diagnose, and treat patients. Methods: A multidisciplinary partnership involving Tunisian experts from different institutions has come to discern all requirements that would be of high priority to fulfill the project's goals. One of the most urgent priorities is to determine the reference sequence of the Tunisian Genome. In addition, extensive situation analysis and revision of the education programs, community awareness, appropriate infrastructure including sequencing platforms and biobanking, as well as ethical and regulatory frameworks, have been undertaken towards building sufficient capacity to integrate personalized medicine into the Tunisian healthcare system. Results: In the framework of this project, an ecosystem with all engaged stakeholders has been implemented including healthcare providers, clinicians, researchers, pharmacists, bioinformaticians, industry, policymakers, and advocacy groups. This initiative will also help to reinforce research and innovation capacities in the field of genomics and to strengthen discoverability in the health sector. Conclusions: Genome Tunisia is the first initiative in North Africa that seeks to demonstrate the major impact that can be achieved by Human Genome Projects in low- and middle-income countries to strengthen research and to improve disease management and treatment outcomes, thereby reducing the social and economic burden on healthcare systems. Sharing this experience within the African scientific community is a chance to turn a major challenge into an opportunity for dissemination and outreach. Additional efforts are now being made to advance personalized medicine in patient care by educating consumers and providers, accelerating research and innovation, and supporting necessary changes in policy and regulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Environmental & Social Management Journal / Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental is the property of Environmental & Social Management Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As the green market becomes increasingly saturated, companies must allocate limited resources to more precise and efficient projects. This study aims to explore and compare the impact of green supplier selection and green supplier integration on environmental performance, with a particular focus on the moderating role of government support. The research was conducted through a survey of 391 Chinese manufacturing firms by a specialized research institution, employing hierarchical regression analysis. The results indicate that both green supplier selection and integration have a positive impact on environmental performance, with green supplier integration having a more significant effect. Moreover, active government support weakens the relationship between green supplier selection and environmental performance but strengthens the relationship between green supplier integration and environmental performance. Given the study's context, scope, and sample size, certain limitations exist. This research highlights more strategically significant supplier management practices and emphasizes the moderating role of government support in different contexts, while also providing valuable and practical recommendations for relevant practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People with minor medical conditions in China tend to prefer healthcare consultation in the emergency department of tertiary hospitals and avoid public sector community health centers (PS-CHC). The reason behind this is the trust deficit in the quality of medical care at PS-CHC. On the other hand, Chinese m-health companies have a surprising number of registered users and daily healthcare queries. However, the lack of physical check-ups causes a lack of trust in the quality of prescribed treatments for m-health users. One such m-health company entered into a joint venture with a local government body. In this joint venture, the doctors from tertiary hospitals can provide healthcare consultation to m-health users at PS-CHC. This study investigates m-health users' intention to use m-health services equipped with PS-CHC, an emerging public-private joint venture in China. We extended the technology acceptance model with government support and trust to predict the adoption of such technology-based public-private joint ventures in a better way. The data were collected from 432 m-health users in Hefei and analyzed using Smart-PLS. All eight direct, but only three mediating relationships were to be found significant. This study has implications for researchers, government healthcare authorities, and m-health service providers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to economic shocks related to the COVID-19 pandemic, micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) have faced significant hardship. Questions arise; however, regarding the extent to which hardship has varied between sectors and countries over time, whether it is gender neutral, whether digitalization could alleviate it, and whether government support has reached them. Using survey data from eight Asian countries, we found a wide variation in the severity of and responses to the pandemic impacts between sectors and between countries. Turning to common trends, firstly, MSMEs' sales and non-permanent employment tended to recover toward late 2020. Second, women-led enterprises remained vulnerable, exhibiting bleak prospects for sales or more job cuts than men-led enterprises. Third, the intensity of digitalization had a nonlinear relationship with sales and employment. Lastly, the number of MSMEs receiving support from their governments increased, but such support could have more effectively reached the most vulnerable MSMEs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the current study is to identify factors associated with women's entrepreneurial success. By embracing social feminism theory, this study provides a well-rounded analysis of the individual, social, institutional, and economic factors that shape successful women's business development in a patriarchal society within a Muslim and Arab country. Following the conceptual model development, data were obtained from 212 Moroccan women business owners using a web-based questionnaire. The results, based on structural equation modeling, revealed the positive and direct influence of individual factors on women entrepreneurs' success, including the need for achievement, and risk-taking. Additionally, external factors, particularly government support, social support, and access to finance, were found to be an important determinant of the entrepreneurial success of Moroccan women. This study enriches the existing knowledge on the determinants of the entrepreneurial success of women in developing countries. It offers offer useful managerial implications for policymakers who should implement appropriate actions to promote gender equality, as well as foster an environment conducive to enabling Moroccan women to launch and develop their own businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid evolution of technology has reshaped the global economy, intensified competition, and prompted industry players to embrace innovation to maintain sustained competitiveness. In Indonesia, business incubators, overseen by universities and provincial/city governments, are pivotal. However, understanding the determinants of business incubator performance remains limited. This study investigates 24 statement items aiming to uncover the factors influencing technology business incubators in Indonesia, focusing on knowledge management as a mediating variable from a knowledge-based perspective. Employing a quantitative approach, structural equation modeling (SEM) is utilized to scrutinize these factors' impact on business incubator performance. The findings reveal that knowledge management serves as a full and partial mediator among funding support, government assistance, incubator governance, and business incubator technology performance. This research offers valuable insights for entrepreneurs and stakeholders by emphasizing the significance of funding, governmental backing, incubator governance, and knowledge management in enhancing incubator business technology performance in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates the impact of climate policies on electoral support for governing parties in Sweden through mixed methods combining a sentiment analysis of news articles and regression discontinuities of voter support over time. The regression discontinuity models indicate that the effects of climate policies on government support are not robust and are spurious across different model specifications. To ensure that we can detect effects, we used a set of political events that could have affected government support, such as elections and the Covid-pandemic as robustness checks. Contrary to expectations from literature and analyzed news reporting, we cannot determine robust effects of introducing climate policies on governmental support in Sweden. This suggests that governments do not need to anticipate losing substantial support when implementing climate policies – at least in favorable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Public Administration & Civil Service / Memlekettìk Basķaru Ža̋ne Memlekettìk Ķyzmet is the property of Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan / Akademiya Gosun and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In today's world, businesses and organizations should behave appropriately for the environment in order to make a contribution to welfare benefits while also gaining business opportunities and economic development. Green practice's adoption could assist businesses to start saving mineral wealth, and power, avoid environmental damage and even result in the long development of businesses. This study examined the correlation between external environmental factors and green product innovation, as well as the impact of green product innovation on the environmental and financial performance of 400 manufacturing SMEs in Vietnam's primary industrial units. Customer pressure, government pressure, government support, and market changes all had a beneficial effect on green product innovation, according to the findings. Furthermore, this study found a strong positive relationship between green product innovation and environmental and financial performance. Based on the research findings of this research, SME administrators can effectively adapt their business strategies to attain greater financial results and a comparative position in the market while utilizing green initiatives to grow their businesses and preserve the natural environment in a sustainable manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent research on start-up businesses has drawn attention to the central importance of sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) by accelerating the continuous development of entrepreneurial competencies (EC) through bridging the mediating and moderating peer relationships for entrepreneurial success. Such peer relationships among innovation enablers (IE), government support (GS) and competitive intelligence awareness (CIA) are vital in connecting EC to achieve SCA. However, prior studies scantily emphasized the causal linkages between two different contexts, particularly Canada and Malaysia. This study unpacks the black box of peer relationships contributing to EC and sustainable growth. We espoused a deductive approach with a quantitative methodology using SPSS AMOS version 22 for measurements to address the gaps in the entrepreneurship literature. The dataset comprises 750 respondents from micro-sized wholesale, retail and service firms with 1–3 employees, evenly split between Malaysia and Canada. The empirical sample results show that for Canadian entrepreneurs, the direct effect of EC has a positive and significant influence on SCA, but is negatively and significantly associated in the Malaysian context. Moreover, the CIA had a positive and significant moderating effect on the relationship between EC and IE in both Canadian and Malaysian samples. However, the CIA moderating effect on the relationship between EC and SCA is only positive and significant in the Canadian sample and insignificant in the Malaysian context. Lastly, the moderating effect of GS on the relationship between EC and SCA is positive and significant in the Canadian sample and insignificant in the Malaysian sample. These findings also offer practical clarity to the puzzle of how some EC can become the cornerstone of these firms' sustainable growth by adopting IE in conjunction with CIA and GS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigates the impact of digital banking usage on women's economic empowerment (WEE) from a developing country stance by considering working women in formal sectors. WEE simply means providing opportunities to women to facilitate their economic decision-making. This study employed a descriptive, exploratory, and causal research design. A total of 286 responses from women working in the formal sector of Delhi-NCR were collected through self-administered questionnaires on a 5-point Likert scale using non-probability quota sampling technique. The sample was controlled for the employment sector, that is, healthcare, education, and Information Technology (IT). Partial least square structural equation modelling methodology (PLS SEM) was employed to examine the relationship between the constructs. The results show that among the different determinants of WEE, digital banking usage was the strongest influencer followed by financial literacy and workplace human resource policies. Research findings indicate that, if WEE initiatives are to reach their full potential, they must individually address the context-specific influencing factors. This study offers a new framework for understanding and enhancing WEE for urban working women in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based upon an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study aims to investigate the impact of financial services knowledge, familiarity with the use of artificial intelligence, government support, and user innovativeness on Fintech adoption from the perspective of university students. Furthermore, the study also aims to investigate the mediating role of user innovativeness in this relationship. A cross-sectional, survey-based method was used to collect data from 410 university students. Structural equation modeling was implied to examine the research framework of the study. The findings confirm that financial services knowledge, familiarity with artificial intelligence, government support, and user innovativeness have a direct positive impact on Fintech adoption among university students. The results also show that perceived ease of use slightly moderates the relationship between government support and user innovativeness. Meanwhile, results from the mediation analysis reveal an indirect effect of these variables on Fintech adoption through user innovativeness. The study's findings recommend practical suggestions to academic institutes and Fintech service providers to equip university students with the necessary financial knowledge and familiarity with artificial intelligence across various disciplines, which can be achieved through sufficient government support. All these can potentially revolutionize Fintech services adoption and boost economic growth, specifically in Asia-Pacific developing countries. The study identifies the key antecedents that affect the student's decision to adopt Fintech. It widens the scope of Fintech adoption by considering the university students who may serve as the future managers for the nation. It provides nuanced evidence on the role of financial services knowledge and familiarity with the use of artificial intelligence on the intention to adopt Fintech among university students in Asia-Pacific developing countries like Pakistan.

This study examines the impact of digital transformation, government support, human resource capacity, and innovation on the financial performance and sustainability of SMEs in the Soloraya region. The research method used is quantitative, with data collected through surveys using both Google Forms and paper questionnaires. A total of 137 respondents were analyzed using SEM-PLS in this study. The results indicate that digital transformation, human resource capacity, and innovation have a positive impact on financial performance. Additionally, government support, human resource capacity, innovation, and financial performance positively affect the sustainability of SMEs. However, digital transformation does not influence the sustainability of SMEs, and government support does not affect financial performance. These findings provide important insights for business practitioners and other stakeholders to enhance the performance and sustainability of SMEs in Indonesia.