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8. Management of emerging multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in a low-prevalence setting

Author

Catho, G., primary, Couraud, S., additional, Grard, S., additional, Bouaziz, A., additional, Sénéchal, A., additional, Valour, F., additional, Perpoint, T., additional, Braun, E., additional, Biron, F., additional, Ferry, T., additional, Chidiac, C., additional, Freymond, N., additional, Perrot, E., additional, Souquet, P.-J., additional, Maury, J.-M., additional, Tronc, F., additional, Veziris, N., additional, Lina, G., additional, Dumitrescu, O., additional, and Ader, F., additional

Published
2015
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14. Active tuberculosis, sequelae and COVID-19 co-infection: first cohort of 49 cases

Author

Elena Sumarokova, Gina Gualano, Evgeny Belilovski, Armine Izadifar, Eva Tabernero, Pierre Bachez, Alessandro Torre, Maria Luiza de Souza-Galvão, François-Xavier Blanc, Claire Andrejak, Mathilde Fréchet Jachym, Denise Rossato Silva, Paolo Scarpellini, Margarita Marín Royo, Dina Visca, Ángel Domínguez-Castellano, Teresa Rodrigo, Antoine Froissart, Damien Le Dû, Giovanni Sotgiu, Antonio Spanevello, Pierre-Alexandre Bart, Simon Tiberi, Miguel Zabaleta Murguiondo, Frédéric Schlemmer, Marina Tadolini, Rosella Centis, Matteo Saporiti, Sergey Borisov, Giovanni Battista Migliori, Vania Giacomet, Delia Goletti, Frédéric Rivière, Ilaria Motta, Samir Dourmane, Soazic Grard, José Cardoso-Landivar, José-María García-García, Jesica Mazza-Stalder, Fabrizio Palmieri, Luigi Codecasa, Catherine W.M. Ong, Adrián Sánchez-Montalvá, Lia D'Ambrosio, Jan-Willem C. Alffenaar, Paul A. Tambyah, Tadolini M., Codecasa L.R., Garcia-Garcia J.-M., Blanc F.-X., Borisov S., Alffenaar J.-W., Andrejak C., Bachez P., Bart P.-A., Belilovski E., Cardoso-Landivar J., Centis R., D'Ambrosio L., De Souza-Galvao M.-L., Dominguez-Castellano A., Dourmane S., Jachym M.F., Froissart A., Giacomet V., Goletti D., Grard S., Gualano G., Izadifar A., Le Du D., Royo M.M., Mazza-Stalder J., Motta I., Min Ong C.W., Palmieri F., Riviere F., Rodrigo T., Silva D.R., Sanchez-Montalva A., Saporiti M., Scarpellini P., Schlemmer F., Spanevello A., Sumarokova E., Tabernero E., Tambyah P.A., Tiberi S., Torre A., Visca D., Murguiondo M.Z., Sotgiu G., Migliori G.B., Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), University Medical Center Groningen [Groningen] (UMCG), CHU Amiens-Picardie, Agents infectieux, résistance et chimiothérapie - UR UPJV 4294 (AGIR ), Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV)-CHU Amiens-Picardie, CHU Henri Mondor, Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Istituto Nazionale di Malattie Infettive 'Lazzaro Spallanzani' (INMI), Service de pneumologie [Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud - HCL], Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud [CHU - HCL] (CHLS), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [AP-HP], Istituti di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Maturation des proteines, destinée cellulaire et thérapeutique (PROMTI), Département Biologie des Génomes (DBG), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale (IMRB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-IFR10-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, [Tadolini,m] Unit of Infectious Diseases, Dept of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. [Codecasa,LR, Saporiti,M] TB Reference Centre, Villa Marelli Institute, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy. [García-García,JM, Rodrigo,T]Tuberculosis Research Programme (PII-TB), SEPAR, Barcelona, Spain. [Blanc,FX] Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nantes, France. [Borisov,S, Belilovski,E, Sumarokova,E] Moscow Research and Clinical Center for TB Control, Moscow, Russian Federation. [Alffenaar,JW] The University of Sydney, Sydney Pharmacy School, Sydney, Australia. [Alffenaar,JW] Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia. [Alffenaar,JW] Marie Bashir Institute of Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia. [Andréjak,C] Service de Pneumologie CHU AMIENS PICARDIE, France AND UR Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France. [Bachez,P] Service de Pneumologie, Clinique Saint Luc, Bouge, Belgium. [Bart,PA] Dept of Internal Medicine, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Cardoso-Landivar,J] Servicio Neumología, Vall D´Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. [Centis,R] Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy. [D'Ambrosio,L] Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland. [Dominguez-Castellano,A] Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Virgen Macarena, Sevilla, Spain. [Dourmane,S] Service de Pneumologie, Groupe hospitalier sud île de France (GHSIF), Melun, France. [Fréchet Jachym,M, Le Du,D] Centre Hospitalier de Bligny, Briis Sous Forges, France. [Froissart,A] Service de Médecine interne, CHI de Créteil, Créteil, France. [Giacomet,V]20Pediatric Infectious Diseases Unit, Dept of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. [Goletti,D] Translational Research Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'L. Spallanzani', IRCCS, Rome, Italy. [Grard,S] Centre de Lutte Antituberculeuse (CLAT 38), Grenoble, France. [Gualano,G, Palmieri,F] Respiratory Infectious Diseases Unit, National Institute for Infectious Diseases 'L. Spallanzani', IRCCS, Rome, Italy. [Izadifar,A] Hôpital Européen de Paris La Roseraie, Aubervilliers, France. [Marín Royo,M] Servicio Neumología, Hospital General Universitario de Castellón, Castelló, Spain. [Mazza-Stalder,J] Pulmonary Division, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Motta,I] Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Clinica Universitaria Malattie Infettive, Ospedale Amedeo di Savoia, Torino, Italia. [Ong,CWM, Tambyah,PA] Dept of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. [Ong,CWM, Tambyah,PA] Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore. [Rivière,F] Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées (HIA) Percy, Clamart, France. [Silva,DR] Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil. [Sánchez-Montalvá,A]Infectious Diseases Dept, International Health and Tuberculosis Unit, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain. [Sánchez-Montalvá,A] Vall d'Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Barcelona, Spain. [Sánchez-Montalvá,A] Grupo de Estudio de Infecciones por Micobacterias (GEIM), Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases (SEIMC), Spain. [Scarpellini,P] Unit of Infectious Diseases, Università Vita e Salute, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy. [Schlemmer,F] Hôpitaux Universitaires Henri Mondor, AP-HP, Créteil, France. [Spanevello,A, Visca,D] Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy. [Spanevello,A, Visca,D] Dept of Medicine and Surgery, Respiratory Diseases, University of Insubria, Tradate, Italy. [Tabernero,E] Servicio Neumología, Hospital de Cruces, Bilbao, Spain. [Tiberi,S] Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK. [Tiberi,S] Division of Infection, Royal London Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK. [Torre,A] Dept of Infectious Diseases, University of Milan, L. Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy. [Zabaleta Murguiondo,M] Servicio Neumología Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. [Sotgiu,G] Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Dept of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy. [Migliori,GB] Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy., and CHU Henri Mondor [Créteil]

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Adult, Aged, Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use, Azithromycin/therapeutic use, Betacoronavirus, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Cohort Studies, Coinfection, Coronavirus Infections/complications, Coronavirus Infections/diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections/drug therapy, Drug Combinations, Emigrants and Immigrants, Female, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use, Lopinavir/therapeutic use, Lung/diagnostic imaging, Middle Aged, Mortality, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral/complications, Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral/drug therapy, Ritonavir/therapeutic use, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tuberculosis/complications, Tuberculosis/diagnosis, Tuberculosis/drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/complications, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], viruses, Antitubercular Agents, Azithromycin, Clinical Laboratory Technique, Lopinavir, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], Sequelae, Antitubercular Agent, 0302 clinical medicine, COVID-19 Testing, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Measurements::Demography [Medical Subject Headings], Drug Combination, 030212 general & internal medicine, Viral, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Clinical Laboratory Techniques [Medical Subject Headings], Lung, Tomography, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Measurements::Demography::Vital Statistics::Mortality [Medical Subject Headings], virus diseases, Pulmonary, respiratory system, X-Ray Computed, Impactos en la salud, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Diagnostic Imaging::Tomography [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort, Coronavirus Infections, medicine.drug, Cohort study, Human, Hydroxychloroquine, Impacts on health, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Tuberculosis, Tuberculosi, Infecciones por coronavirus, Estudios de cohortes, Pneumonia, Viral, Antiviral Agents, Diseases::Bacterial Infections and Mycoses::Bacterial Infections::Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections::Actinomycetales Infections::Mycobacterium Infections::Tuberculosis [Medical Subject Headings], 03 medical and health sciences, Tuberculosis diagnosis, medicine, Research Letter, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary, Secuelas, Ritonavir, Antiviral Agent, Pandemia, Betacoronaviru, Pandemic, business.industry, Coronavirus Infection, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Emigrants and Immigrant, Pneumonia, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents::Antitubercular Agents [Medical Subject Headings], medicine.disease, Diseases::Virus Diseases::RNA Virus Infections::Nidovirales Infections::Coronaviridae Infections::Coronavirus Infections [Medical Subject Headings], COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Coronavirus, 030228 respiratory system, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cohort Studies [Medical Subject Headings], Cohort Studie, business
Abstract

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) pandemic has attracted interest because of its global rapid spread, clinical severity, high mortality rate, and capacity to overwhelm healthcare systems [1, 2]. SARS-CoV-2 transmission occurs mainly through droplets, although surface contamination contributes and debate continues on aerosol transmission [3–5].

Published
2020

15. Slow Digestible Starch in Native Pea Starch ( Pisum sativum L.) Lowers Glycemic Response with No Adverse Effects on Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Adults.

Author

Perreau C, Desailly F, Grard S, Thondre PS, Ahlstrom L, Tammam J, and Wils D

Subjects
Humans, Adult, Pisum sativum, Powders, Glucose, Glycemic Index, Postprandial Period, Cross-Over Studies, Starch pharmacology, Blood Glucose
Abstract

Diabetes prevalence achieved 470B in 2021. Diabetics are looking for foods that allow them to better manage the postprandial glycemia. Owing to its large amylose fraction, pea starch may contribute to formulate recipes with a lower glycemic index (GI). This study measured the rapidly, slowly digested and resistant fractions in pea starch and in a powder mix recipe. Starch fractions were determined according to the Englyst methodology. A nonblind repeat measure crossover design trial in healthy humans was used to study the GI of pea starch and maltodextrin powder mix recipes against glucose. Gastrointestinal symptoms were measured. Thirteen healthy volunteers aged 18-60 years with body mass index <30 kg/m 2 and fasting blood glucose <6.1 mmol/L participated in the study. They consumed 25 g available carbohydrate portions of the test products. Blood glucose was measured at -5 and 0 min before consumption till 180 min after starting to eat. The slow digestible starch (SDS) content of native pea starch was 30% of the total starch content. The pea-based powder mix recipe contained 25% SDS in comparison with 9% for the maltodextrin-based recipe. The glucose response after pea starch was significantly lower compared with maltodextrin. The glucose response after pea starch recipe was significantly lower compared with maltodextrin recipe. There was no significant difference in mean scores for well-being and gastrointestinal symptoms after consumption of pea starch and maltodextrin or between the two recipes. In conclusion, this study has demonstrated the presence of high SDS content in pea starch, which reduced postprandial glycemic response compared with maltodextrin. The pea starch recipe did not induce any negative gastrointestinal symptoms. Pea starch may, therefore, prove to be a beneficial ingredient in developing food products for improving glycemic control without undesirable side effects.

Published
2023
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16. Active tuberculosis, sequelae and COVID-19 co-infection: first cohort of 49 cases.

Author

Tadolini M, Codecasa LR, García-García JM, Blanc FX, Borisov S, Alffenaar JW, Andréjak C, Bachez P, Bart PA, Belilovski E, Cardoso-Landivar J, Centis R, D'Ambrosio L, Luiza De Souza-Galvão M, Dominguez-Castellano A, Dourmane S, Fréchet Jachym M, Froissart A, Giacomet V, Goletti D, Grard S, Gualano G, Izadifar A, Le Du D, Marín Royo M, Mazza-Stalder J, Motta I, Ong CWM, Palmieri F, Rivière F, Rodrigo T, Silva DR, Sánchez-Montalvá A, Saporiti M, Scarpellini P, Schlemmer F, Spanevello A, Sumarokova E, Tabernero E, Tambyah PA, Tiberi S, Torre A, Visca D, Zabaleta Murguiondo M, Sotgiu G, and Migliori GB

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Antitubercular Agents therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Azithromycin therapeutic use, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, COVID-19 Testing, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Cohort Studies, Coinfection, Coronavirus Infections diagnosis, Coronavirus Infections drug therapy, Drug Combinations, Emigrants and Immigrants, Female, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine therapeutic use, Lopinavir therapeutic use, Lung diagnostic imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Mortality, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral diagnosis, Pneumonia, Viral drug therapy, Ritonavir therapeutic use, SARS-CoV-2, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Tuberculosis complications, Tuberculosis diagnosis, Tuberculosis drug therapy, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary diagnosis, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary drug therapy, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Coronavirus Infections complications, Pneumonia, Viral complications, Tuberculosis, Pulmonary complications
Abstract

Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: M. Tadolini has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: L.R. Codecasa has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J-M. García-García has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: F-X. Blanc has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Borisov has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J-W. Alffenaar has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: C. Andréjak has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P. Bachez has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P-A. Bart has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: E. Belilovski has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J. Cardoso-Landivar has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: R. Centis has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: L. D'Ambrosio has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M-L. De Souza-Galvão has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Dominguez-Castellano has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Dourmane has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Fréchet Jachym has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Froissart has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: V. Giacomet has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Goletti has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Grard has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: G. Gualano has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Izadifar has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Le Du has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Marín Royo has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: J. Mazza-Stalder has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: I. Motta has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: C.W.M. Ong has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: F. Palmieri has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: F. Rivière has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: T. Rodrigo has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D.R. Silva has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Sánchez-Montalvá has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Saporiti has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P. Scarpellini has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: F. Schlemmer has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Spanevello has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: E. Sumarokova has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: E. Tabernero has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: P.A. Tambyah has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: S. Tiberi has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: A. Torre has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: D. Visca has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: M. Zabaleta Murguiondo has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: G. Sotgiu has nothing to disclose. Conflict of interest: G.B. Migliori has nothing to disclose.

Published
2020
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17. [An atypical case of necrotizing staphylococcal pneumonia].

Author

Bertreau E, Grard S, Baudry T, and Freymond N

Subjects
Aged, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Bacterial Toxins, Exotoxins metabolism, Female, Humans, Leukocidins metabolism, Necrosis microbiology, Pneumonia, Staphylococcal drug therapy, Pneumonia, Staphylococcal microbiology, Radiography, Thoracic, Staphylococcus aureus isolation & purification, Staphylococcus aureus metabolism, Lung microbiology, Lung pathology, Pneumonia, Staphylococcal diagnosis
Abstract

Introduction: Some strains of Staphylococcus aureus produce a toxin known as Panton-Valentine leukocidin. These strains notably cause a necrotizing pneumonia which is associated with a high mortality., Observation: A 70-year-old woman presented with sub-acute onset dyspnea, low-grade fever, and hemoptysis after a trip to Dubai and New Zealand. Computed tomography showed bilateral necrotizing pneumonia, suggesting the diagnosis of pneumonia caused by S. aureus producing Panton-Valentine toxin. It was confirmed by microbiological investigation. The rapid initiation of adequate antimicrobial therapy including an effective antitoxin was essential for successful treatment, without the need for ventilatory support., Conclusion: Necrotizing pneumonia caused by S. aureus producing Panton-Valentine leukocidin usually occurs in young subjects without comorbidities. Typical symptoms are a combination of hypoxemia, high fever, hemoptysis, leukopenia, and a rapidly worsening condition. Panton-Valentine leukocidin should not be discarded if not all the symptoms are typical. Antibiotic therapy including an antitoxin drug such as linezolid or clindamycin should be initiated promptly., (Copyright © 2017 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Published
2017
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18. Case series of omalizumab for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis in cystic fibrosis patients.

Author

Nové-Josserand R, Grard S, Auzou L, Reix P, Murris-Espin M, Brémont F, Mammar B, Mely L, Hubert D, Durieu I, and Burgel PR

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary complications, Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary immunology, Child, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Immunoglobulin E immunology, Male, Middle Aged, Retrospective Studies, Young Adult, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Anti-Allergic Agents therapeutic use, Antifungal Agents therapeutic use, Aspergillosis, Allergic Bronchopulmonary drug therapy, Cystic Fibrosis complications, Omalizumab therapeutic use
Abstract

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) affects up to 15% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Corticosteroids are used as first-line therapy, but relapse and adverse effects commonly occur. Case reports have suggested the efficacy of the anti-IgE recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody omalizumab. A retrospective multicenter observational French study retrieved 32 CF patients (11 children and 21 adults) who have received omalizumab for more than 3 months in the context of ABPA. Clinical characteristics, concomitant medications (inhaled and oral corticosteroids, antifungal drugs), lung function, body mass index (BMI), and serum IgE were compared at the start and during the first year of omalizumab therapy. Omalizumab-related adverse effects and costs were also evaluated. No significant difference with omalizumab could be demonstrated with regard to lung function, BMI, or the number of patients receiving oral corticosteroids. At the time of initiation of omalizumab, 56% of patients were receiving oral corticosteroids. Five patients were able to discontinue corticosteroids during follow-up and nine patients were able to reduce their daily dose. A total of 78% of the patients had received antifungal therapy at the time of the initiation of omalizumab. Treatment tolerance was good (12.5% of patients experienced side effects). The median cost of omalizumab treatment was €3,620 per patient per month. Omalizumab may represent a steroid-sparing therapy in CF patients with ABPA. A randomized-controlled trial is urgently required to provide higher level of evidence regarding the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of omalizumab in CF patients with ABPA. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:190-197. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (© 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2017
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19. Linezolid in the Starter Combination for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis: Time to Move on to Group Four?

Author

Grard S, Catho G, Valour F, Bouaziz A, Perpoint T, Braun E, Biron F, Miailhes P, Ferry T, Chidiac C, Souquet PJ, Couraud S, Lina G, Goutelle S, Veziris N, Dumitrescu O, and Ader F

Abstract

Linezolid (LNZ), a group 5 antituberculous drug (unclear efficacy), was used in the starter regimens of 23 adults with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The LNZ-containing regimens were effective in achieving culture conversions and relapse-free outcomes. The most frequent LNZ-related side effect was neuropathy. We propose that LNZ should be reclassified among bactericidal second-line drugs.

Published
2015
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20. Application of capillary electrophoresis with field-amplified sample injection for the detection of new adrenoreceptor antagonist enantiomers in plasma in the low ng/mL concentration range.

Author

Grard S, Morin P, and Ribet JP

Subjects
Adrenergic Antagonists blood, Adrenergic Antagonists chemistry, Blood Chemical Analysis methods, Blood Chemical Analysis statistics & numerical data, Electrophoresis, Capillary statistics & numerical data, Humans, In Vitro Techniques, Methanol, Phosphoric Acids, Reproducibility of Results, Solvents, Stereoisomerism, Adrenergic Antagonists analysis, Electrophoresis, Capillary methods
Abstract

Throughout the separation of chiral basic drugs by capillary electrophoresis (CE) with neutral hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) as chiral selector, the sensitivity of detection has been improved by using field-amplified sample injection (FASI). In the present work, this on-line stacking method has been used to detect low ng/mL levels of cationic enantiomers of a new adrenoreceptor antagonist in plasma. A systematic study of the parameters affecting on-line concentration of these enantiomers (nature of the preinjection plug, composition of sample solvent, injection times of water and sample plugs) has been performed enabling the detection sensitivity of antagonist enantiomers to be improved by 180 times compared with usual hydrodynamic injection. The quantification of each adrenoreceptor antagonist enantiomer in plasma samples was then performed in the 2-100 ng/mL (or 8-400 nM) concentration range after a solid-phase extraction step. Using this FASI-CE-UV procedure, the limit of quantification (LOQ) for each enantiomer was in the low ng/mL concentration range (3 ng/mL or 10 nM).

Published
2002
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21. Enhancement of second-migrating enantiomer peak symmetry of basic drugs by using dual-cyclodextrin system in capillary electrophoresis.

Author

Grard S, Morin P, Dreux M, and Ribet JP

Subjects
Cyclodextrins, Electrophoresis, Capillary methods
Abstract

Today, chiral separations of cationic drugs by capillary electrophoresis are generally carried out by adding negatively charged cyclodextrins (CDs) to the running buffer while anionic or neutral drug separations require the use of dual-CD systems (mixtures of neutral and charged CDs). Chiral separation of some basic drugs (idazoxan, efaroxan, milnacipran) has been studied by using mixtures of sulfated-beta-CD (S-beta-CD) and hydroxypropyl-gamma-CD (HP-gamma-CD). The influence of the following parameters (nature and concentration of neutral CD, concentration of S-gamma-CD) on many separation factors (electrophoretic mobility, selectivity, efficiency, asymmetry factor, resolution) demonstrated that dual-CD systems are useful for chiral separation of basic drugs in order to improve the symmetry of the second-migrating enantiomer. Indeed, the neutral CD reduces the extent of electromigration dispersion by mobility tuning. Finally, the 0.5 mg/mL S-beta-CD/5 mg/mL HP-gamma-CD dual system has allowed the chiral separation of idazoxan, efaroxan and milnacipran enantiomers in less than 9 min.

Published
2000
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