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* Context.--Electronic cigarettes are handheld devices that heat an inner liquid containing chemicals to be aerosolized and inhaled, and have become a popular alternative to conventional cigarettes. Their use, termed vaping, has been linked to severe injury, with 2711 cases of associated lung injury and 60 deaths reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at the time of writing. Published case reports and series have emerged detailing clinical and imaging characteristics of vaping-induced lung injury. However, the pathologic characteristics of these induced injuries are still being established, particularly findings occurring over time. Objective.--To illustrate the autopsy findings of an older patient who died of vaping-induced injury after prolonged symptomology and to provide a review of the most recent literature regarding the basic science, epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and pathology of vaping-induced lung injury. Data Sources.--Autopsy case and peer-reviewed literature. Conclusions.--Vaping-induced lung injury has emerged as a public health issue, and this case represents a rare opportunity to evaluate this issue at autopsy. Most commonly, the injury has been attributed to tetrahydro-cannabinol product use as opposed to nicotine. This case demonstrates that as today's young and relatively healthy 'vapers' grow older and develop the comorbidities that come with advanced age, there is serious risk of chronic lung damage from vaping that could result in death. Further observations and studies, particularly autopsy evidence, are clearly important to understand the possible outcomes. doi: 10.5858/arpa.2019-0637-RA, Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, are handheld, battery-powered devices that heat an inner liquid containing a number of chemical ingredients to be aerosolized and inhaled. The chemical ingredients principally include nicotine [...]

Background: Flow cytometry is not routinely performed in clinical laboratories for the diagnosis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL)., Methods: Fourteen cases of CHL and 132 cases of the control group were studied by 10-color flow cytometry, with markers including CD3, CD4, CD7, CD8, and CD26, as well as calculated parameters such as the CD4:CD8 ratio, percent CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells of CD3 + CD4 + T-cells, percent CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells of total events, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells relative to CD3 + CD8 + T-cells., Results: CHL cases showed a median percent CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - of CD3 + CD4 + T-cells of 72.3% with range from 41.1% to 94.4%, median percent CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells of total events of 17.4% with range from 4.6% to 52.5%, CD7 coefficient of variation among CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells less than 100%, and CD7 median fluorescence intensity of CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells relative to CD3 + CD8 + T-cells of 1.7 with range from 0.4 to 3.5. In the control group, every entity showed some degree of overlap with CHL in terms of these parameters. A "Hodgkin score" was thus constructed to enhance separation of CHL from other entities. A threshold Hodgkin score of 15.35 achieved a sensitivity of 78.6% and specificity of 96.2% in the diagnosis of CHL. Incorporating the Hodgkin score into a simple algorithm raises the specificity to 100%., Conclusion: In this study, we used flow cytometry to demonstrate increased CD3 + CD4 + CD26 - T-cells in CHL, and derived a Hodgkin score for the diagnosis of CHL., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)