102 results on '"Graziano, Sossio Fabio"'
Search Results
2. Self-assembling nanoparticles with antioxidant activity for ROS scavenging in liver cells
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Nele, Valeria, Melini, Stefania, Campani, Virginia, Angelillo, Alessia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Pirozzi, Claudio, Meli, Rosaria, and De Rosa, Giuseppe
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- 2024
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3. X-ray Diffractometry in Forensic Science
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Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Bish, David L., Randolph-Quinney, Patrick, Series Editor, Mercurio, Mariano, editor, Langella, Alessio, editor, Di Maggio, Rosa Maria, editor, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio, editor
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- 2023
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4. The key to ancient Roman mortars hydraulicity: ceramic fragments or volcanic materials? A lesson from the Phlegrean archaeological area (southern Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, Montesano, Giovanna, Verde, Maria, Balassone, Giuseppina, Columbu, Stefano, De Bonis, Alberto, Di Benedetto, Claudia, D’Uva, Francesco, Esposito, Renata, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2024
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5. Physico-chemical studies of inclusion complex between hydrocortisone and cyclodextrins
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Silvestri, Teresa, D'Aria, Federica, Villapiano, Fabrizio, Scala, Fernando, Mayol, Laura, Aleo, Danilo, Cardullo, Nunzio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Biondi, Marco, and Giancola, Concetta
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- 2023
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6. X-ray Diffractometry in Forensic Science
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Cappelletti, Piergiulio, primary, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, and Bish, David L., additional
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- 2022
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7. Fluorescent nanodiamonds as innovative delivery systems for MiR-34a replacement in breast cancer
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Abate, Marianna, Lombardi, Angela, Luce, Amalia, Porru, Manuela, Leonetti, Carlo, Bocchetti, Marco, Campani, Virginia, De Rosa, Giuseppe, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Nele, Valeria, Cardile, Francesco, Marino, Federica Zito, Franco, Renato, Ronchi, Andrea, Scrima, Marianna, Sperlongano, Rossella, Alfano, Roberto, Misso, Gabriella, Amler, Evzen, Caraglia, Michele, and Zappavigna, Silvia
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- 2023
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8. Thermosensitive In Situ Gelling Poloxamers/Hyaluronic Acid Gels for Hydrocortisone Ocular Delivery
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Villapiano, Fabrizio, primary, Silvestri, Teresa, additional, Lo Gatto, Camilla, additional, Aleo, Danilo, additional, Campani, Virginia, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Giancola, Concetta, additional, D’Aria, Federica, additional, De Rosa, Giuseppe, additional, Biondi, Marco, additional, and Mayol, Laura, additional
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- 2024
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9. Use of screen glass and polishing sludge in waste-based expanded aggregates for resource-saving lightweight concrete
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Zanelli, Chiara, Molinari, Chiara, de Gennaro, Bruno, Giovinco, Gaspare, Correggia, Cecilia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Dondi, Michele
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- 2022
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10. Fault-Controlled Saddle Dolomitization During the Late Triassic Pangea Breakup in the Southern Adria Domain (Southern Italy)
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DIAMANTI, RENATO, primary, Awais, Muhammad, additional, Camanni, Giovanni, additional, D’Antonio, Massimo, additional, Della Porta, Giovanna, additional, Di Renzo, Valeria, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Iannace, Alessandro, additional, Kylander-Clark, Andrew, additional, Vitale, Enza, additional, and Vitale, Stefano, additional
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- 2024
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11. Investigating the Effect of Surface Hydrophilicity on the Destiny of PLGA-Poloxamer Nanoparticles in an In Vivo Animal Model
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Silvestri, Teresa, primary, Grumetto, Lucia, additional, Neri, Ilaria, additional, De Falco, Maria, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Damiano, Sara, additional, Giaquinto, Daniela, additional, Maruccio, Lucianna, additional, de Girolamo, Paolo, additional, Villapiano, Fabrizio, additional, Ciarcia, Roberto, additional, Mayol, Laura, additional, and Biondi, Marco, additional
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- 2023
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12. The ancient pozzolanic mortars of the Thermal complex of Baia (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2019
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13. Cerium-Doped Self-Assembling Nanoparticles as a Novel Anti-Oxidant Delivery System Preserving Mitochondrial Function in Cortical Neurons Exposed to Ischemia-like Conditions
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Nele, Valeria, primary, Tedeschi, Valentina, additional, Campani, Virginia, additional, Ciancio, Raffaella, additional, Angelillo, Alessia, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, De Rosa, Giuseppe, additional, and Secondo, Agnese, additional
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- 2023
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14. Unveiling the secrets of Roman craftsmanship: mortars from Piscina Mirabilis (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
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Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Esposito, Renata, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Langella, Alessio, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
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- 2020
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15. Ancient Roman Mortars from Anfiteatro Flavio (Pozzuoli, Southern Italy): A Mineralogical, Petrographic and Chemical Study
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Montesano, Giovanna, primary, Verde, Maria, additional, Columbu, Stefano, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Guerriero, Luigi, additional, Iadanza, Maria Laura, additional, Manna, Annalisa, additional, Rispoli, Concetta, additional, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional
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- 2022
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16. An Example of Integrated Geological Survey of Geomaterials and their Weathering Forms: the Reggia di Caserta Main Façade.
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Langella, Alessio, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Ciarcia, Sabatino, D'Amore, Marco, Di Martire, Diego, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
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GEOLOGICAL surveys ,ARCHITECTURAL details ,EARTH sciences ,WEATHERING ,STONE ,DRAWING techniques ,MONUMENTS - Abstract
This paper reports a detailed study on some relevant portions of the main façades of Caserta Royal Palace (Reggia di Caserta), one of the most important Italian monuments, comparable for its impressive architecture to the Royal Palace of Versailles in France and considered the largest royal palace in the world by volume. The research was focused on the weathering pathologies affecting the stone surfaces that, in the last decades, suffered several detachments of fragments from the coatings and from other architectural elements such as string courses, eaves, and capitals. A preliminary characterization of the materials of the façades and an evaluation of the relative weathering pathologies provided the information required for appropriate restoration and securing of these portions of the building. In particular, an innovative evaluation procedure which draws on techniques typical of the earth sciences allowed the proposal of a 'risk attitude' applied to discrete portions of the geomaterials used in the built heritage which is based on the influence of different factors leading to weakening of the stone and to the final detachment of rock fragments. Such a large and complete set of information should be carefully considered by the project planners to adopt the required steps for a suitable risk mitigation and for securing the site during restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer
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Cuisinier Olivier, Sezer Alper, Graziano Sossio Fabio, and Russo Giacomo
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Environmental sciences ,GE1-350 - Abstract
In soil stabilisation, the use of alternative products to lime or cement has been proposed. However, the effects of these additives, of various origins, on soil behaviour and stabilizing mechanisms are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this paper is to characterize the modification of the mechanical behaviour and microstructure of two soils after treatment with one of those product, a vinyl based copolymer. After treatment, both materials were compacted up to their maximum dry density. The mechanical behaviour of the materials as a function of the curing conditions, suction and water content was first determined. In a second step, the alteration of the microstructure by the treatment product was assessed. The results showed that the treatment permitted to significantly improve the strength of the tested soils. Moreover, the efficiency of the product increases when the soil is dried. However, the Young modulus is not significantly modified by the treatment. Microstructural reorganization after co-polymer addition has been detected by SEM technique for kaolin samples, whereas no modification have been observed for silt samples.
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- 2020
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18. A look beyond color: a multi-analytical approach to the study of the frescoes from 'Porta Mediana' A41 mausoleum (Cuma necropolis- Italy)
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Sossio, Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Graziano, Fabio, Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Munzi, Priscilla, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Morra, Vincenzo, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Rispoli, Concetta, DE BONIS, Alberto, Munzi, Priscilla, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Morra, Vincenzo, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e delle Risorse (DiSTAR), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Centre Jean Berard (CJB), Ecole française de Rome (EFR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell’Ambiente e delle Risorse, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
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010506 paleontology ,Cumae ,[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Necropolis ,Context (language use) ,XRPD ,01 natural sciences ,Archaeometry ,Egyptian blue ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0601 history and archaeology ,Cuma ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Hue ,media_common ,roman pigments ,060102 archaeology ,Geology ,06 humanities and the arts ,Art ,Archaeology ,SSR- RS ,chemistry ,Color changes ,Cumes ,colorimetry ,Fresco - Abstract
International audience; This research is part of the PON (Programma Operativo Nazionale) SINAPSIS (SIstema NAzionale Protezione SIti Sensibili), an interdisciplinary project combining archaeological and archaeometric methods. This paper focuses on frescoes from one of the 70 funeral monuments belonging to "Porta Mediana" Necropolis, a very interesting archaeological context located in Cuma, dating back to the first half of the 3rd century BCE. The study provided detailed information on pigments and colors acquired both on untreated and treated (restored) frescoes. Portable colorimetry and chemical-mineralogical (Raman spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction-XRPD, respectively) analyses were performed in situ and on collected samples in order to: 1) identify pigments, raw materials and provenance, 2) point out possible color changes caused by conservative treatments and/or weathering. The identified palette is typical of the Roman period; it includes both single and mixtures of two or more pigments to obtain particular hues. Moreover, the identified raw materials, such as red and yellow ochres, green frit and Egyptian blue, clearly highlighted the choice to use raw materials from local sources. The use of expensive coloring materials also suggests that the mausoleum belonged to a family or a group of people with a high social status.
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- 2020
19. An Example of Integrated Geological Survey of Geomaterials and their Weathering Forms: the Reggia di CasertaMain Façade
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Langella, Alessio, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Ciarcia, Sabatino, D’Amore, Marco, Di Martire, Diego, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
- Abstract
ABSTRACTThis paper reports a detailed study on some relevant portions of the main façades of Caserta Royal Palace (Reggia di Caserta), one of the most important Italian monuments, comparable for its impressive architecture to the Royal Palace of Versailles in France and considered the largest royal palace in the world by volume. The research was focused on the weathering pathologies affecting the stone surfaces that, in the last decades, suffered several detachments of fragments from the coatings and from other architectural elements such as string courses, eaves, and capitals. A preliminary characterization of the materials of the façades and an evaluation of the relative weathering pathologies provided the information required for appropriate restoration and securing of these portions of the building. In particular, an innovative evaluation procedure which draws on techniques typical of the earth sciences allowed the proposal of a ‘risk attitude’ applied to discrete portions of the geomaterials used in the built heritage which is based on the influence of different factors leading to weakening of the stone and to the final detachment of rock fragments. Such a large and complete set of information should be carefully considered by the project planners to adopt the required steps for a suitable risk mitigation and for securing the site during restoration.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Stone materials processing waste used as secondary raw material for construction adhesives: preliminary results.
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, primary, Marone, Paolo, additional, Trinchillo, Antonio, additional, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional
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- 2022
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21. An Example of Integrated Geological Survey of Geomaterials and their Weathering Forms: the Reggia di Caserta Main Façade
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Langella, Alessio, primary, Calcaterra, Domenico, additional, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional, Ciarcia, Sabatino, additional, D’Amore, Marco, additional, Di Martire, Diego, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, and de Gennaro, Maurizio, additional
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- 2022
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22. Environmental life cycle assessment of lightweight concrete to support recycled materials selection for sustainable design
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Napolano, Loredana, Menna, Costantino, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Asprone, Domenico, D'Amore, Marco, de Gennaro, Roberto, and Dondi, Michele
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Concrete -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Raw materials -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Aggregates (Building materials) -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Green design -- Analysis ,Sustainable living -- Analysis ,Business ,Construction and materials industries - Abstract
ABSTRACT The constant increase in consumption of aggregates for concrete production represents a major environmental issue in the construction industry. Recycled wastes might be used as raw materials in the [...]
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- 2016
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23. The art of building in the Roman period (89 B.C.-79 A.D.): Mortars, plasters and mosaic floors from ancient Stabiae (Naples, Italy)
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Izzo, Francesco, Arizzi, Anna, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Cultrone, Giuseppe, De Bonis, Alberto, Germinario, Chiara, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Grifa, Celestino, Guarino, Vincenza, Mercurio, Mariano, Morra, Vincenzo, and Langella, Alessio
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Mortar -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Concrete -- Analysis -- Mechanical properties ,Business ,Construction and materials industries - Abstract
ABSTRACT This current research is focused on the mineralogical and petrographic characterisation of mortar-based materials from Villa San Marco in the ancient Stabiae (modern Castellammare di Stabia, Napoli), an outstanding [...]
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- 2016
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24. Immobilization of Cs and Sr in aluminosilicate matrices derived from natural zeolites
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Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Rapisardo, Gianmarco, de Gennaro, Bruno, Colella, Abner, Langella, Alessio, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Bish, David Lee, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
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- 2011
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25. A case study of zeolitization process: “Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere” (Vico volcano, Italy): inferences for a general model
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Novembre, Daniela, primary, Gimeno, Domingo, additional, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional, and Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional
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- 2021
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26. Sinkholes threatening places of worship in the historic center of Naples
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Rispoli, Concetta, primary, Di Martire, Diego, additional, Calcaterra, Domenico, additional, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, and Guerriero, Luigi, additional
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- 2020
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27. Multidisciplinary Approach for Evaluating the Geochemical Degradation of Building Stone Related to Pollution Sources in the Historical Center of Naples (Italy)
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Comite, Valeria, primary, Ricca, Michela, additional, Ruffolo, Silvestro Antonio, additional, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Rovella, Natalia, additional, Rispoli, Concetta, additional, Gallo, Chiara, additional, Randazzo, Luciana, additional, Barca, Donatella, additional, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional, and La Russa, Mauro Francesco, additional
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- 2020
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28. A look beyond color: a multi-analytical approach to the study of the frescoes from "Porta Mediana" A41 mausoleum (Cuma necropolis- Italy)
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Di Benedetto, Claudia, primary, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, primary, Rispoli, Concetta, primary, De Bonis, Alberto, primary, Munzi, Priscilla, primary, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, primary, and Morra, Vincenzo, primary
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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29. New Insights of Historical Mortars Beyond Pompei: The Example of Villa del Pezzolo, Sorrento Peninsula
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Rispoli, Concetta, primary, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Di Benedetto, Claudia, additional, De Bonis, Alberto, additional, Guarino, Vincenza, additional, Esposito, Renata, additional, Morra, Vincenzo, additional, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional
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- 2019
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30. TECHNOLOGY AND BUILDING MATERIALS IN ROMAN AGE (1st BC - 2nd AD): THE 'MAUSOLEO DELLA SFINGE' FROM THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE OF CUMA (ITALY)
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Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Morra, Vincenzo, Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Centre Jean Berard (CJB), Ecole française de Rome (EFR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory ,geomaterials ,Cuma, necropolis, Roman age, sphinx complex, archaeometry, geomaterials, analytical tech- niques ,archaeometry ,analytical techniques ,necropolis ,Cuma ,Roman age ,sphinx complex - Abstract
This research aims to deepen knowledge on geomaterials used in building operations of a very important monumental complex belonging to the "Porta Mediana" necropolis the archeological site of Cuma. The entire site counts 70 mausoleums among which, the one named "Sphinx complex" or A63, is particularly important. For its realization several geomaterials have been used. Analytical results were carried out from several techniques such as optical microscopy, microchemical and mineralogical-petrographical analysis, scanning electron microscopy with EDS and X-ray powder diffraction. This approach allows to clarify the provenance of natural geomaterials and also the technological processes involved in the production of artificial geomaterials (mortars, plasters, cocciopesto). Phlegrean tuffs, due to their easy workability and good mechanical features, were used mainly for masonries and for decorative function (a bas-relief of a "sphinx" for example). As far as artificial geomaterials are concerned, the use of a volcanic aggregate, was privileged too. Some examples of imported stones were also found: limestones and marbles, the first one implemented as a building material for cippi of the fence while the second one for prestigious coating elements. Results permitted to evaluate building techniques of the period and mainly the wide potential of Phlegrean fields' materials when used as a bulding stone. This research aims also to give important informations for restoring and conservative actions useful for mausoleums of the entire site.
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- 2018
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31. Surface-modified phillipsite-rich tuff from the Campania region (southern Italy) as a promising drug carrier: An ibuprofen sodium salt trial
- Author
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Mercurio, Mariano, Izzo, Francesco, Langella, Alessio, Grifa, Celestino, Germinario, Chiara, Daković, Aleksandra, Aprea, Paolo, Pasquino, Rossana, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Fabio Sossio, de Gennaro, Bruno, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, Mercurio, Mariano, Izzo, Francesco, Langella, Alessio, Grifa, Celestino, Germinario, Chiara, Daković, Aleksandra, Aprea, Paolo, Pasquino, Rossana, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, Fabio Sossio, de Gennaro, Bruno, and Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO
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chemistry.chemical_classification ,Surface modified ,Phillipsite ,Salt (chemistry) ,02 engineering and technology ,IBUPROFEN SODIUM ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Geophysics ,chemistry ,Geochemistry and Petrology ,Phillipsite, Neapolitan Yellow Tuff, ibuprofen sodium salt, functionalization, SMNZ, carrier, drug delivery, Sips model, Toth model ,Microporous Materials: Crystal-Chemistry, Properties, and Utilizations ,0210 nano-technology ,Drug carrier ,Nuclear chemistry - Abstract
The encapsulation and delivery of drugs often involves the use of expensive microporous materials, and we have investigated the potential for natural zeolites from the widespread volcanic formations of southern Italy as alternatives to these carriers. Surface-modified natural zeolites (SMNZs) with diverse micellar structures (patchy and complete bilayers) were obtained by using different cationic surfactants [cetylpyridinium chloride (CP-Cl), benzalkonium chloride (BC-Cl), hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (HDTMA-Cl), and bromide (HDTMA-Br) with phillipsite-rich tuff from the Campania region (southern Italy)]. Loading and release kinetics tests of sodium ibuprofen (IBU) were carried out with organo-phillipsite composites using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal analysis coupled with evolved gas analysis (EGA). Results from these tests were mathematically modeled to evaluate IBU adsorption and release mechanisms. The maximum loaded amount of IBU was attained for organo-phillipsite modified with HDTMA-Br (PHB), which showed a complete bilayer micellar structure. Whenever a patchy bilayer micellar structure formed, the lowest adsorptions of IBU were observed. Equilibrium adsorption results were fit using Langmuir, Sips, and Toth models. Pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order fits to the loading kinetic data provided significant goodness of fit. Good fits to the release kinetic data were obtained using first-order and Weibull equations, shedding new light on the release mechanism of IBU from phillipsite. The active amount of IBU on the modified zeolite surface was almost totally available for pharmaceutical purposes.
- Published
- 2018
32. CHARACTERIZATION OF ROMAN MORTARS: THE EXAMPLES OF VILLA DEL CAPO AND VILLA DEL PEZZOLO (SORRENTO PENINSULA)
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Rispoli, Concetta, Vincenza GUARINO, Alberto De Bonis, Di Benedetto, C., Esposito, R., Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Morra, V., Cappelletti, P., Rispoli, Concetta, Guarino, V., DE BONIS, Alberto, Di Benedetto, C., Esposito, R., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Morra, V., and Cappelletti, P.
- Published
- 2018
33. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer.
- Author
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Cardoso, R., Jommi, C., Romero, E., Cuisinier, Olivier, Sezer, Alper, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and Russo, Giacomo
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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34. The Roman villa of Positano (southern Italy): preliminary mineralogical study of various archaeological findings
- Author
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BALASSONE, GIUSEPPINA, CAMPANELLI, MARCELLA, DI BENEDETTO, CLAUDIA, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, GUARINO, VINCENZA, RISPOLI, CONCETTA, CAPPELLETTI, PIERGIULIO, MORRA, VINCENZO, Di Maio, G., Iannelli, M. A., De Bonis, A., Balassone, Giuseppina, Campanelli, Marcella, Di Maio, G., Iannelli, M. A., De Bonis, A., DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
Roman villa, Positano, Julio-Claudian age, pyroclasts, artifacts - Abstract
At Positano, the renowned town of the Amalfi coast (Salerno province), a Roman villa was found beneath the church of Santa Maria Assunta. It likely dates back to I century BC - I century AD (Julio-Claudian age) and belonged to the freedman Posides Claudi Caesaris, from whose the town might probably derive the name (Della Corte, 1936). The villae were prestigious residences disseminated as status symbol of the wealthy Roman people all around the coastal areas of the Campania region (i.e. Vesuvian villae; Maiuri, 1955. Guzzo & Guidobaldi, 2008). During the 79 AD eruption of the Vesuvius the residence was suddenly destroyed and covered by a volcanoclastic debris flow more than 10 m thick, composed of a mass of gray ashes with large amount of high-porosity welded pumices. During the Middle age, Benedictine monks built an abbey on the same site of the Posides’ villa, then transformed in the present church dedicate to the Virgin. At the beginning of the 2000, the Archaeological Superintendence started the recovery of the overlying Benedictine crypts and extended the excavation and recovery also downward to the villa remains. Inside the crypts it was possible to unearth, descending in the villa from tiles roof till to mosaic pavement, a luxurious triclinio. Imprints of holes related to large wood poles (now replaced with plaster casts), as well as fragments of the roof, coffered ceiling, doors and other wooden remains were found embedded in the volcanoclastic mud. Tuff walls are decorated with fine plasters, polychrome frescoes of excellent painters, with hippocampus, eagle poised upon a globe, Pegasus and Cupids. These lively compositions are basically made by some colors, like the “Pompeian” red, blue and yellow ochre. This work reports a preliminary archaeometric study of various artifacts from the Positano villa, represented by plasters, fresco fragments, tile and other materials. Small but representative samples of the different findings were analyzed, in order to reach our characterization scopes and to provide useful information on probable future restoration activities. The analytical techniques used for mineralogical and petrographic study are: optical and stereoscopic studies on thin sections, modal analysis, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), scanning electron microscopy analysis (SEM) and energy-dispersion X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data concerning the composition of the artifacts and manufacturing techniques will be reported and compared with the reference literature. Della Corte M. 1936. Posides Claudi Caesaris libertus – Positano da Posidetanum? Rivista Indo-greca-Italica, 20, 67-73 Guzzo P.G. & Guidobaldi M.P. 2007. Nuove ricerche archeologiche nell'area vesuviana (scavi 2003-2006). Atti Conv. Int. Roma 1-3 febbraio, L’Erma di Bretschneider, 629 p. Maiuri A. 1955. Le vicende dei monumenti antichi della costa amalfitana e sorrentina alla luce delle recenti alluvioni. Rend. Acc. Arch. Lett. Belle Arti Napoli, XXIX, 87-98.
- Published
- 2016
35. THE ROMAN VILLA OF POSITANO (CAMPANIA REGION, SOUTHERN ITALY): PLASTERS, TILES AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION.
- Author
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GRAZIANO, Sossio Fabio, RISPOLI, Concetta, GUARINO, Vincenza, BALASSONE, Giuseppina, DI MAIO, Giovanni, PAPPALARDO6, Lucia, CAPPELLETTI, Piergiulio, DAMATO, Giulio, DE BONIS, Alberto, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, D'ORAZIO, Loredana, and MORRA, Vincenzo
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GLAZES ,PLASTER ,TILES ,DOMESTIC architecture ,GARNET ,RAW materials ,PIGMENTS ,FELDSPAR - Abstract
A Roman luxury villa (1
st century BC) was discovered in the town of Positano, in the Sorrento peninsula (Campania region, southern Italy). Despite being more than 20 km away from Vesuvius, the villa was buried under almost overall 20 meters (total thickness) of pyclastic materials of the Plinian eruption of 79 AD, which destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum towns. The exceptional level of conservation of this residential complex is due to the peculiar burial process, which determined the excellent state of preservation of both the fresco decorations (Fourth Style) and all other artefacts (masonries, plasters, tiles, furnishing remains, wooden elements, kitchenware, glazed oil lamps, bronze vessels and other metallic findings, etc.). This study presents the results of a multi-analytical archaeometric analysis of plasters, fresco pigments and roof tiles, aimed at identifying their mineralogical and petrographic nature and the provenance of raw materials. Constraints to the geoarchaeological landscape of the Positano area are also given. The analyzed plasters are mainly lime-based, usually with the addition of an aggregate. The anchoring layer is made by a volcanic component, characterized by clinopyroxene, alkali feldspar, garnet, amphibole, biotite and leucite crystals, together with a sedimentary component represented by carbonatic fragments, also with traces of microfossils. The features of plasters confirm the high degree of technological standardization of plasters in classical Roman age. Mineral pigments recognized by preliminary XRD are mainly iron-based for the ochers-red-crimson colors and copper-based for green-blues colors. In the roof tiles two kind of tempers are identified. In three samples a volcanic temper was identified, and represented by clinopyroxene, feldspar, garnet and leucite, whereas the temper of a fourth sample contained pumices with minor amounts of alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene and biotite. The raw materials are of local provenance (Somma-Vesuvius, Phlegraean Fields, Apennine limestones), and the microstructure of the materials are comparable with similar artefacts from Pompeii, Herculaneum and other Roman sites in Campania region. On the basis of geoarchaeological investigations, here reported, it is reasonable to think that there are other unearthed archaeological areas in Positano that will require further study to be properly known. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
36. L'Ignimbrite Campana
- Author
-
A. langella, D. L. Bish, G. Cerri, L. Papa, A. Perrotta, CALCATERRA, DOMENICO, CAPPELLETTI, PIERGIULIO, COLELLA, ABNER, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, SCARPATI, CLAUDIO, DE GENNARO, MAURIZIO, M. de Gennaro, D. Calcaterra, A. Langella, Langella, A., Bish, D. L., Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Cerri, G., Colella, Abner, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Papa, L., Perrotta, A., Scarpati, Claudio, and DE GENNARO, Maurizio
- Published
- 2013
37. ROMANS' ESTABLISHED SKILLS: MORTARS FROM D46b MAUSOLEUM, PORTA MEDIANA NECROPOLIS, CUMA (NAPLES).
- Author
-
Di Benedetto, Claudia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
- *
ARCHAEOLOGICAL excavations , *MORTAR , *BINDING agents , *SHOTCRETE , *GROUT (Mortar) - Abstract
Roman mortars from a mausoleum (named D46b) belonging to the archaeological site of Porta Mediana necropolis, in Cuma (Naples, Southern Italy) have been studied by means of petrographic, mineralogical and micro-chemical analyses. The aim of this research is to fill the knowledge gap regarding mortar-based materials used in Roman age within this wide archaeological site. Two typologies of mortars (bedding and coating) were collected from mausoleum's masonry. They were lime-based with addition of pozzolanic materials, according to Vitruvius' recipe. Raw materials, such as volcanic sand and limestones, mainly from local sources, were preferentially used as aggregate, both for great availability and good properties. As regard production techniques, the multi-layer feature of the coating mortars, once again shows the great knowledge of the building art. Each layer is the result of a precise choice, as shown by the differences both in texture and petrographic features. Data from detailed mortars characterization have infer the outstanding skill of Roman craftsmen, as already proved by extraordinary durability of buildings. The research was very useful not only to increase the knowledge of this ancient culture but also to planning conservative actions, that, through mortar reproduction or the research of suitable materials, can promote the safeguard of this invaluable heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Expanded clays in water treatment: some alternative filtration media
- Author
-
Graziano, Sossio Fabio, primary, Porzio, Giuseppe, primary, Di Benedetto, Claudia, primary, Dondi, Michele, primary, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio, primary
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Structural Concretes with Waste-Based Lightweight Aggregates: From Landfill to Engineered Materials
- Author
-
de’Gennaro, Roberto, primary, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, additional, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, additional, Colella, Abner, additional, Dondi, Michele, additional, Langella, Alessio, additional, and Gennaro, Maurizio de’, additional
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Structural Concretes with Waste-Based Lightweight Aggregates: From Landfill to Engineered Materials.
- Author
-
DE' GENNARO, ROBERTO, GRAZIANO, SOSSIO FABIO, CAPPELLETTI, PIERGIULIO, COLELLA, ABNER, DONDI, MICHELE, LANGELLA, ALESSIO, and DE' GENNARO, MAURIZIO
- Subjects
- *
WASTE products as building materials , *REINFORCED concrete , *GRANITE industry , *CERAMIC industries , *MINERAL aggregates , *MUDSTONE - Abstract
This research provides possible opportunities in the reuse of waste and particularly muds, coming from both ornamental stone (granite sludges from sawing and polishing operations) and ceramic production (porcelain stoneware tile polishing sludge), for the manufacture of lightweight aggregates. Lab simulation of the manufacturing cycle was performed by pelletizing and firing the waste mixes in a rotative furnace up to 1300 °C, and determining composition and physicomechanical properties of lightweight aggregates. The best formulation was used to produce and test lightweight structural concretes according to standard procedures. Both granite and porcelain stoneware polishing sludges exhibits suitable tiring behavior due to the occurrence of SiC (an abrasive component) which, by decomposing at high temperature with gas release, acts as a bloating promoter, resulting in aggregates with particle density <1 Mg/m³. However, slight variations of mixture composition produce aggregates with rather different properties, going from values close to those of typical commercial expanded clays (particle density 0.68 Mg/m³, strength of particle 1.2 MPa) to products with high mechanical features (particle density 1.25 Mg/m³ strength of particle 6.9 MPa). The best formulation (50 wt.% porcelain stoneware polishing sludge +50 wt.% granite sawing sludge) was used to successfully manufacture lightweight structural concretes with suitable properties (compressive strength 28 days >20 MPa, bulk density 1.4-2.0 Mg/m³). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. ROMANS' ESTABLISHED SKILLS: MORTARS FROM D46b MAUSOLEUM, PORTA MEDIANA NECROPOLIS, CUMA (NAPLES)
- Author
-
Di Benedetto, Claudia, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Guarino, Vincenza, Rispoli, Concetta, Munzi, Priscilla, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
11. Sustainability ,raw materials ,technology ,bedding ,coating ,volcanic aggregate ,roman mortars - Abstract
Roman mortars from a mausoleum (named D46b) belonging to the archaeological site of Porta Mediana necropolis, in Cuma (Naples, Southern Italy) have been studied by means of petrographic, mineralogical and micro-chemical analyses. The aim of this research is to fill the knowledge gap regarding mortar-based materials used in Roman age within this wide archaeological site. Two typologies of mortars (bedding and coating) were collected from mausoleum’s masonry. They were lime-based with addition of pozzolanic materials, according to Vitruvius’ recipe. Raw materials, such as volcanic sand and limestones, mainly from local sources, were preferentially used as aggregate, both for great availability and good properties. As regard production techniques, the multi-layer feature of the coating mortars, once again shows the great knowledge of the building art. Each layer is the result of a precise choice, as shown by the differences both in texture and petrographic features. Data from detailed mortars characterization have infer the outstanding skill of Roman craftsmen, as already proved by extraordinary durability of buildings. The research was very useful not only to increase the knowledge of this ancient culture but also to planning conservative actions, that, through mortar reproduction or the research of suitable materials, can promote the safeguard of this invaluable heritage.
42. An Example of Integrated Geological Survey of Geomaterials and their Weathering Forms: the Reggia di Caserta Main Façade
- Author
-
Alessio Langella, Domenico Calcaterra, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Sabatino Ciarcia, Marco D’Amore, Diego Di Martire, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Maurizio de Gennaro, Langella, Alessio, Calcaterra, Domenico, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Ciarcia, Sabatino, D’Amore, Marco, Di Martire, Diego, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, and de Gennaro, Maurizio
- Subjects
Caserta Royal Palace, main façade, weathering, risk attitude, susceptibility map ,Conservation - Abstract
This paper reports a detailed study on some relevant portions of the main façades of Caserta Royal Palace (Reggia di Caserta), one of the most important Italian monuments, comparable for its impressive architecture to the Royal Palace of Versailles in France and considered the largest royal palace in the world by volume. The research was focused on the weathering pathologies affecting the stone surfaces that, in the last decades, suffered several detachments of fragments from the coatings and from other architectural elements such as string courses, eaves, and capitals. A preliminary characterization of the materials of the façades and an evaluation of the relative weathering pathologies provided the information required for appropriate restoration and securing of these portions of the building. In particular, an innovative evaluation procedure which draws on techniques typical of the earth sciences allowed the proposal of a ‘risk attitude’ applied to discrete portions of the geomaterials used in the built heritage which is based on the influence of different factors leading to weakening of the stone and to the final detachment of rock fragments. Such a large and complete set of information should be carefully considered by the project planners to adopt the required steps for a suitable risk mitigation and for securing the site during restoration.
- Published
- 2022
43. X-ray Diffractometry in Forensic Science
- Author
-
Piergiulio Cappelletti, Sossio Fabio Graziano, David L. Bish, Mariano Mercurio, Alessio Langella, Rosa Maria Di Maggio, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, and Bish, David L.
- Subjects
X-ray diffractometry · Diffraction · Diffractometer · Diffractometry in forensic sciences - Abstract
X-ray Diffractometry is a very useful analytical technique to achieve detailed information about the crystal structure and mineralogical composition, qualitative and quantitative, of matter. It is a technique that exploits the interaction between solid matter and X-rays that, converged on a substance, are diffracted. The outgoing X-rays, on the basis of the wavelength of the incident beam and according to the path within the analyzed sample provide information on fundamental param- eters of the crystalline state as the distance of the lattice planes and the parameters of the elementary cell. The analytical result is called diffraction pattern containing a series of peaks that show the intensity and angular position of the diffracted X-rays. Typically, a diffraction pattern represents, for individual minerals, a kind of distinct fingerprint and can be used to easily identify the material or distinguish it from others, especially with the use of modern databases. X-Ray Diffractometry can be successfully used in a variety of fields: building materials, geological sam- ples, environmental pollutants and increasingly by forensic sciences as a scientific aid for the analysis of evidence from crime scenes.
- Published
- 2023
44. Ancient Roman Mortars from Anfiteatro Flavio (Pozzuoli, Southern Italy): A Mineralogical, Petrographic and Chemical Study
- Author
-
Giovanna Montesano, Maria Verde, Stefano Columbu, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Luigi Guerriero, Maria Laura Iadanza, Annalisa Manna, Concetta Rispoli, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Montesano, Giovanna, Verde, Maria, Columbu, Stefano, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Guerriero, Luigi, Iadanza, Maria Laura, Manna, Annalisa, Rispoli, Concetta, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Roman amphitheater ,Roman mortars ,hydraulicity ,minero-petrographic characterization ,Phlegraean Fields ,Materials Chemistry ,Surfaces and Interfaces ,Surfaces, Coatings and Films - Abstract
This research is based on the characterization of ancient mortars from the Anfiteatro Flavio (Pozzuoli) dating back to the 1st and 2nd century CE through a multi-analytical approach involving macroscopic, mineralogical, petrographic, and chemical investigations. The goal that has been set is to deepen knowledge about mortar mix design, the provenance of used raw materials, and secondary minerogenetic processes that have occurred within ancient Roman mortars. Results show that: (i) raw materials for mortar preparation have a local provenance, i.e., Phlegraean Fields area; (ii) mortars can be considered as hydraulic; (iii) calcite presence could be due to a non-complete calcination process, an improper slaking or to exposition of materials to the subaerial environment; (iv) gypsum is due to calcite sulfation process; (v) halite presence is due to marine aerosol exposition. The achieved information testifies that, for at least two centuries, Roman builders considered the identified mortar mix as optimal for their buildings, but also contributes to the understanding of their technical skills and represents an important first step to planning future restoration operations.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. A case study of zeolitization process: 'Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere' (Vico volcano, Italy): inferences for a general model
- Author
-
D. Novembre, D. Gimeno, P. Cappelletti, S. F. Graziano, Novembre, Daniela, Gimeno, Domingo, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Graziano, Sossio Fabio
- Subjects
Mineralogia ,Chabazite ,Geochemistry ,Phillipsite ,zeolites, mineralization proceses, Vico Volcano ,Pyroclastic rock ,Trachyte ,020101 civil engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Authigenic ,Mineralogy ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,01 natural sciences ,0201 civil engineering ,Matrix (geology) ,Cristal·lització ,Stratovolcano ,Volcans ,Volcanoes ,Crystallization ,Lithification ,QE351-399.2 ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences - Abstract
This paper focuses on the authigenic mineralization processes acting on “Tufo Rosso a Scorie Nere” (TRS), i.e. one of the main pyroclastic units of the Vico stratovolcano (Latium, Italy). The pyroclastic deposits appear in general massive and made of “black vitreous vesiculated juvenile scoriae”, immersed in an ashy matrix lithified after zeolitization processes. The main minerals are chabazite and phillipsite, and the zeolitic content is locally variable, reaching 68 % wt. Zeolites grow replacing both amorphous fraction and pre-existing phases, occurring inside both matrix and scoriae. Concerning scoriae, zeolitization moves from the rim to the core of the scoriaceous fragment as a function of (a) temperature of the fluids and (b) permeability (primary or secondary). Composition of parental fresh glass and that of zeolitized rocks is compatible with trachyte chemistry, lightly undersaturated in SiO2, and the alteration processes modified the parental rock chemical features. Zeolites genesis is ascribed to a “geoautoclave-like system”, and zeolites display a Si/Al ratio similar to that of the parental glasses. TRS presents promising mineralogical characteristics as supplementary cementitious material in the production of mixed cements.
- Published
- 2021
46. Use of screen glass and polishing sludge in waste-based expanded aggregates for resource-saving lightweight concrete
- Author
-
Sossio Fabio Graziano, Chiara Zanelli, Chiara Molinari, Bruno de Gennaro, Gaspare Giovinco, Cecilia Correggia, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Michele Dondi, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Zanelli, Chiara, Molinari, Chiara, DE GENNARO, Bruno, Giovinco, Gaspare, Correggia, Cecilia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, and Dondi, Michele
- Subjects
Tile polishing mud ,Lightweight expanded aggregate ,Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment ,Strategy and Management ,Industrial waste recycling ,Building and Construction ,Lightweight concrete ,Screen glass waste ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to evaluate different lightweight concretes for the first time formulated with lightweight expanded aggregates produced only with industrial waste. The motive is that a lack of knowledge still exists in the literature about how to integrate these waste-based aggregates in lightweight concrete. To achieve the desired bloating and aggregates physical properties, PC-TV screen glass and ceramic tile polishing sludge were selected as suitable raw materials. Both were characterized by mineralogical and chemical analyses and the effect of different combinations was pointed out. Hot-stage microscopy was used to determine the bloating rates and firing behavior. Lightweight expanded aggregates were obtained using both static laboratory kiln and rotating pilot kiln, by firing at maximum temperatures between 1150 and 1200 ◦C, to simulate the industrial production process and favor scaling up. The so obtained aggregates were characterized from the physical-mechanical point of view, highlighting an important bloating attitude and bulk density lower than 700 kg/m3 for all the test conditions. Bulk density, water absorption and mechanical properties are fully comparable to commercial counterparts. The best material was used as coarse aggregate in lightweight structural concrete and cellular concrete prepared at pilot scale (for structural application and thermal/acoustic insulation, respectively). The technical properties are consistent with standard requirements of compressive strength (>25 MPa for lightweight structural concrete) and thermal conductivity (18–24 W/m*K for cellular concrete). These results demonstrate the technological feasibility of using waste-based aggregates into lightweight concrete design, according to a circular economy vision.
- Published
- 2022
47. The ancient pozzolanic mortars of the Thermal complex of Baia (Campi Flegrei, Italy)
- Author
-
Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Renata Esposito, Vincenza Guarino, Alberto De Bonis, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Claudia Di Benedetto, Concetta Rispoli, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Rispoli, Concetta, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
Calcite ,Archeology ,Gypsum ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Carbonation ,Mineralogy ,Conservation ,Pozzolan ,engineering.material ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Pumice ,Mortar, Roman, Hydraulicity Index, C-A-S-H gel, Terme di Baia, Campi Flegrei ,engineering ,Mortar ,Pozzolana ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance ,Spectroscopy ,Geology ,Lime - Abstract
Ancient pozzolanic mortars show the high technological quality achieved by Roman construction workers, due to their ‘excellent state’ of preservation in every environment. These workers well knew that thanks to the combination of lime with specific volcanic products (pozzolana), mortar and concrete become hydraulic, allowing underwater hardening and increasing mechanical strength. The use of pozzolana in a mortar provides the underwater curing (hydraulic limes) of whatever construction with higher speed compared to carbonation processes of slaked lime. Whenever pozzolana is not available, it is substituted by ceramic fragments, which possess similar hydraulic properties. This research focuses, for the first time, on the detailed characterization of mortars coming from the Thermal Complex of Baia, which represents one of the most important archaeological sites in the Campania region. Thanks to several thermal springs, the ancient city of Baiae (Campi Flegrei) was the holiday resort of the Roman aristocracy. The former Soprintendenza Archeologia della Campania, allowed us to perform non-invasive, but representative, sampling of mortars that were characterised by multianalytical methodologies (POM, XRPD, SEM-EDS, TGA, and MIP) providing useful information on possible future activities of restoration. Results confirmed the expertise of Roman workers, who skilfully combined volcanic tuff aggregate, hydrated lime, and ceramic fragments. In particular, the typical zeolitic mineral association of phillipsite > chabazite > analcime found in the tuff aggregate pointed out their provenance from the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff related to the volcanic activity of Campi Flegrei of ca. 15 ka BP. The most relevant characteristic detected in all studied samples is the mortar hydraulicity testified by evidences such as reaction rims between pozzolana and binder, Hydraulicity Index (HI), and thermal analyses investigation. Also, composition of secondary mineralogical phases in the cementiceous matrix is particularly relevant. Distinctive is the contemporary presence of C-A-S-H gel, calcite and gypsum. C-A-S-H gel is derived from lime/ceramic fragments reaction; calcite is likely related to the partial reaction of underburned lime; and gypsum could be ascribable to the sulphation process of calcite. These secondary minerogenetic products fill pore space and enhance bonding in pumice fragments, thus contributing to long-term durability of mortars.
- Published
- 2019
48. THE ROMAN VILLA OF POSITANO (CAMPANIA REGION, SOUTHERN ITALY): PLASTERS, TILES AND GEOARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION
- Author
-
Graziano, S. F., Rispoli, C., Guarino, V., Balassone, G., Di Maio, G., Pappalardo, L., Cappelletti, P., Damato, G., Alberto De Bonis, Di Benedetto, C., D Orazio, L., Morra, V., Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Rispoli, Concetta, Guarino, Vincenza, Balassone, Giuseppina, DI MAIO, Giovanni, Pappalardo, Lucia, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Damato, Giulio, DE BONIS, Alberto, DI BENEDETTO, Claudia, D'Orazio, Loredana, and Morra, Vincenzo
- Subjects
Plasters s.s ,Positano ,Geomaterial ,Pigment ,southern Italy ,Arriccio ,Geoarchaeological landscape ,Vesuviu ,Pompeii eruption ,Tile ,Roman villa - Abstract
A Roman luxury villa (1st century BC) was discovered in the town of Positano, in the Sorrento peninsula (Campania region, southern Italy). Despite being more than 20 km away from Vesuvius, the villa was buried under almost overall 20 meters (total thickness) of pyclastic materials of the Plinian eruption of 79 AD, which destroyed Pompeii and Herculaneum towns. The exceptional level of conservation of this residential complex is due to the peculiar burial process, which determined the excellent state of preservation of both the fresco decorations (Fourth Style) and all other artefacts (masonries, plasters, tiles, furnishing remains, wooden elements, kitchenware, glazed oil lamps, bronze vessels and other metallic findings, etc.). This study presents the results of a multi-analytical archaeometric analysis of plasters, fresco pigments and roof tiles, aimed at identifying their mineralogical and petrographic nature and the provenance of raw materials. Constraints to the geoarchaeological landscape of the Positano area are also given. The analyzed plasters are mainly lime-based, usually with the addition of an aggregate. The anchoring layer is made by a volcanic component, characterized by clinopyroxene, alkali feldspar, garnet, amphibole, biotite and leucite crystals, together with a sedimentary component represented by carbonatic fragments, also with traces of microfossils. The features of plasters confirm the high degree of technological standardization of plasters in classical Roman age. Mineral pigments recognized by preliminary XRD are mainly iron-based for the ochers-red-crimson colors and copper-based for green-blues colors. In the roof tiles two kind of tempers are identified. In three samples a volcanic temper was identified, and represented by clinopyroxene, feldspar, garnet and leucite, whereas the temper of a fourth sample contained pumices with minor amounts of alkali feldspar, clinopyroxene and biotite. The raw materials are of local provenance (Somma-Vesuvius, Phlegraean Fields, Apennine limestones), and the microstructure of the materials are comparable with similar artefacts from Pompeii, Herculaneum and other Roman sites in Campania region. On the basis of geoarchaeological investigations, here reported, it is reasonable to think that there are other unearthed archaeological areas in Positano that will require further study to be properly known
- Published
- 2020
49. Mechanical properties and microstructure of soils treated with a vinyl-based copolymer
- Author
-
Giacomo Russo, Olivier Cuisinier, Alper Sezer, Sossio Fabio Graziano, various, Cuisinier, Olivier, Sezer, Alper, Graziano, SOSSIO FABIO, Russo, Giacomo, Laboratoire Énergies et Mécanique Théorique et Appliquée (LEMTA ), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ege Üniversitesi (EGU), Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, European Project: 778120,GeoRES, and University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II
- Subjects
Materials science ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Young's modulus ,02 engineering and technology ,010501 environmental sciences ,Silt ,engineering.material ,01 natural sciences ,symbols.namesake ,Composite material ,Water content ,Curing (chemistry) ,lcsh:Environmental sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,021101 geological & geomatics engineering ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Lime ,Cement ,lcsh:GE1-350 ,[SPI.GCIV.CD]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Construction durable ,[SPI.GCIV.GEOTECH]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Civil Engineering/Géotechnique ,Microstructure ,6. Clean water ,Stabilization ,Soil water ,engineering ,symbols - Abstract
GDS;VJ Tech, 4th European Conference on Unsaturated Soils, E-UNSAT 2020 -- 19 October 2020 through 21 October 2020 -- -- 164161, In soil stabilisation, the use of alternative products to lime or cement has been proposed. However, the effects of these additives, of various origins, on soil behaviour and stabilizing mechanisms are not well understood. Thus, the aim of this paper is to characterize the modification of the mechanical behaviour and microstructure of two soils after treatment with one of those product, a vinyl based copolymer. After treatment, both materials were compacted up to their maximum dry density. The mechanical behaviour of the materials as a function of the curing conditions, suction and water content was first determined. In a second step, the alteration of the microstructure by the treatment product was assessed. The results showed that the treatment permitted to significantly improve the strength of the tested soils. Moreover, the efficiency of the product increases when the soil is dried. However, the Young modulus is not significantly modified by the treatment. Microstructural reorganization after co-polymer addition has been detected by SEM technique for kaolin samples, whereas no modification have been observed for silt samples. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences 2020., Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020 H2020 Marie Sk?odowska-Curie Actions, MSCA: 778120, The project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 778120.
- Published
- 2020
50. New Insights of Historical Mortars Beyond Pompei: The Example of Villa del Pezzolo, Sorrento Peninsula
- Author
-
Claudia Di Benedetto, Piergiulio Cappelletti, Vincenza Guarino, Renata Esposito, Alberto De Bonis, Vincenzo Brescia Morra, Sossio Fabio Graziano, Concetta Rispoli, Rispoli, Concetta, Graziano, Sossio Fabio, Di Benedetto, Claudia, De Bonis, Alberto, Guarino, Vincenza, Esposito, Renata, Morra, Vincenzo, and Cappelletti, Piergiulio
- Subjects
010506 paleontology ,lcsh:QE351-399.2 ,Geochemistry ,010502 geochemistry & geophysics ,Feldspar ,01 natural sciences ,Archaeological science ,Peninsula ,Villa del Pezzolo ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,sorrento peninsula ,geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,lcsh:Mineralogy ,Feature (archaeology) ,Geology ,Authigenic ,ancient mortars ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,ancient mortar ,Volcano ,constructive phases ,visual_art ,constructive phase ,raw materials ,visual_art.visual_art_medium ,multi-analytical characterization ,Sedimentary rock ,archaeometry ,Mortar ,production technology ,hydraulicity index - Abstract
The topic of this study is the archaeometric characterization of mortars from Villa del Pezzolo, a Roman Villa located in Seiano (Napoli-Campania, Italy), dated between the 1st century B.C. and the 3rd century A.D. Mortars were analyzed by means of a multi-analytical approach (polarized optical microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersed spectrometry, thermal analyses and mercury intrusion porosimetry) according to existing recommendations. Analytical results evidenced the use of local geomaterials composed of sedimentary and volcanic aggregates in the mix design and confirmed the three distinct building phases identified by archaeologists. Volcanic tuff fragments, identified in the 1st building phase can be ascribed to Campanian Ignimbrite formation, widely cropping out in the Sorrento Peninsula, as confirmed by the presence of glassy shards, partially devitrified and replaced by authigenic feldspar, a typical feature of welded grey ignimbrite lithofacies (WGI). Volcanic aggregates in samples of the 2nd and 3rd building phases show, instead, the presence of leucite-bearing volcanic scoriae and garnet crystal fragments related to Somma-Vesuvius products. Study of these mortars allowed us to: (1) understand the production technologies, (2) highlight use of materials with hydraulic behavior, such as volcanic and fictile fragments, (3) confirm the three building phases from compositional features of mortars and (4) highlight the change over time of the volcanic aggregate for mortars mix-design.
- Published
- 2019
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