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Abstract Background Patient education is an important aspect of physiotherapy. Effective education is based on quality communication and understanding of patients’ needs. For a successful practice, it is necessary to recognize the factors that affect the ability to teach the patient and prepare new physiotherapists for this task. The research aims to determine the effect of training on the self-efficacy and skills of physiotherapy students in patient education. Methods Final-year physiotherapy students were randomized into an intervention group (52 students) and a control group (51 students). The intervention group participated in 2.5 hours of lectures, discussions, simulated exercises with colleagues, and video examples of patient education. Students in the control group received standardized instruction without the additional intervention provided to the experimental group. All students performed a self-assessment of their teaching abilities. Patient education was assessed by a blinded evaluator using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination from an audio-recorded simulated clinical practice task. Results The results show no differences in demographic variables, while a significant improvement was achieved for the intervention group after the training. The intervention group before the experiment did not perform differently than the control group on self-efficacy items (p>.05), but they did perform significantly better than the control group after the experiment (p

This paper explores the physiological consequences of decreased expression of GD3 synthase (GD3S), a biosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of b-series gangliosides. GD3S is a key factor in tumorigenesis, with overexpression enhancing tumor growth, proliferation, and metastasis in various cancers. Hence, inhibiting GD3S activity has potential therapeutic effects due to its role in malignancy-associated pathways across different cancer types. GD3S has also been investigated as a promising therapeutic target in treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders. Drugs targeting GD3 and GD3S have been extensively explored and underwent clinical trials, however decreased GD3S expression in mouse models, human subjects, and in vitro studies has demonstrated serious adverse effects. We highlight these negative consequences and show original mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data indicating that inactivated GD3S can generally negatively affect energy metabolism, regulatory pathways, and mitigation of oxidative stress. The disturbance in several physiological systems induced by GD3S inhibition underscores the vital role of this enzyme in maintaining cellular homeostasis and should be taken into account when GD3S is considered as a therapeutic target.

We would like to begin by expressing our gratitude for the interest shown in our research [...]

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) ist the most most frequently performed vascular surgical procedure, and belongs to the type of preventive interventions. Reperfusion syndrome is relatively rare complications of this procedure, but with clinically significant and potentially fatal consequences that can seriously compromise the outcome of treatment after CEA. The focus of this study is on frecuency of development of RS, the factors that favor its occurrence, causes of hemodinamc instability, the modalities of early diagnosis, as well as the possibilities of preventing this complication. The research covered the period from 2018 to 2022 during wich 963 CEA were performed.

Abstract Regulation of gene expression is linked to the organization of the genome. With age, chromatin alterations occur on all levels of genome organization, accompanied by changes in the gene expression profile. However, little is known about the changes in the level of transcriptional regulation. Here, we used a multi‐omics approach and integrated ATAC‐, RNA‐ and NET‐seq to identify age‐related changes in the chromatin landscape of murine liver and to investigate how these are linked to transcriptional regulation. We provide the first systematic inventory of the connection between aging, chromatin accessibility, and transcriptional regulation in a whole tissue. Aging in murine liver is characterized by an increase in chromatin accessibility at promoter regions, but not in an increase in transcriptional output. Instead, aging is accompanied by a decrease in promoter‐proximal pausing of RNA polymerase II (Pol II), while initiation of transcription is not decreased as assessed by RNA polymerase mapping using CUT&RUN. Based on the data reported, we propose that these age‐related changes in transcriptional regulation are due to a reduced stability of the pausing complex.

El populismo penal se ha transformado, desde la década de 1980, en el paradigma dominante en materia de seguridad pública y control del delito en Occidente. Generalmente, es identificado con discursos reaccionarios y de “mano dura” contra el crimen. Este trabajo, sin embargo, justificará que el populismo penal no solo es compatible con el populismo penal de derecha, sino también con el populismo penal de izquierda o progresista. Se recordará el análisis teórico sobre el populismo de Laclau y, luego, las notas distintivas del populismo penal y el contexto político y social de su emergencia y consolidación. Asimismo, se sostendrá que ciertas características del populismo penal facilitan la vigencia de una práctica acerca de la aplicación del derecho penal: el “interpretativismo” y —su cara más visible— la “doctrina Chavela Vargas de la interpretación”. En esa línea, se recordarán tres sentencias judiciales de altos tribunales argentinos que permiten dar cuenta del fenómeno del populismo penal en sede judicial, vale decir, del uso por parte de los jueces de la “doctrina Chavela Vargas” y los deletéreos efectos que ello trae aparejado para la autoridad del derecho.

Background: Patient education is a key aspect of physical therapy practice; however, the differences in how experienced and novice physiotherapists perceive and apply patient education practice remain underexplored. Understanding these differences influences training approaches and improves physical therapy practice quality. This research aims to determine the difference in self-reported patient education practice between experienced and novice physiotherapists. Methods: A previously published online survey instrument was used to collect data from physiotherapists employed in public health institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The survey questions included demographic characteristics and questions about approaches to patient education, perceived importance, and factors contributing to skills development. Participants were recruited in two groups: experienced physiotherapists with work experience ≥ 11 years (n = 139) and novice physiotherapists with work experience ≤ 5 years (n = 45). Descriptive statistics, such as numbers and percentages, were used to summarize participant responses. Results: Experienced physiotherapists more frequently provided advice on posture, movement correction, daily activity strategies, and pacing while addressing patient concerns and exploring perceptions (p < 0.05). In contrast, novice physiotherapists placed significantly greater value on continuing education courses, considering them an important factor in developing patient education skills (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Experienced physiotherapists prioritize patient education focusing on posture, movement, and self-care strategies compared to novice physiotherapists. However, novice physiotherapists place a higher importance role on continuous education. Identifying these differences may help tailor training and mentorship to improve physiotherapy practice, ensuring better patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taenia crassiceps is a zoonotic tapeworm of the genus Taenia that is distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Wild and domestic carnivores are final hosts, while rodents and rabbits are primarily intermediate hosts, although many other mammals may harbour the larval stage, Cysticercus longicollis. This case report aims to describe C. longicollis infection in a lemur and molecularly characterise the isolated parasite. The excised lesion was subjected to morphological and histopathological examination, which revealed cysticerci of the tapeworm. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded block (FFPEB), as well as the cysticerci fixed with formalin stored for one year, were subjected to molecular analysis, which aimed at detecting the partial mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene of Taenia sp. Based on the morphological characteristics, the parasite was identified as a metacestode of T. crassiceps. The presence of the cox1 gene was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in all samples. A randomly selected PCR product was sequenced and compared with other sequences from the GenBank database, confirming that the detected parasite was T. crassiceps. This article reports the first case of T. crassiceps cysticercosis in a lemur (Lemur catta) in Croatia and emphasises the potential risk of transmission from wild carnivores.

Este trabajo reflexiona sobre la relación entre el razonamiento jurídico y el razonamiento moral. Con el ejemplo del estado de necesidad justificante y su regulación en el Código Penal argentino, se analiza la nota distintiva de todo derecho: su pretensión de autoridad, esto es, ofrecer razones para la acción cuya validez no esté sujeta a otras razones.

The objective of this study was to research correlations between milk composition and selected blood indicators of liver function in ewes during lactation. The research was conducted with samples of milk and blood from Travnik Pramenka ewes (n = 99). Samples were collected in the area of western Slavonia in Croatia from lactating sheep grazing on natural pastures. Chemical composition of sheep milk was analysed as well as biochemical parameters in serum. Positive correlation between ALB : TGC, ALB : ALT, GUK : GGT, CHOL : ALT and AST : GGT was determined, while significant negative correlation was determined between GUK : ALB, GUK : TGC, GUK : ALT, ALB : GGT as well as ALT : GGT. Significant positive correlation was determined between blood and milk indicators, like ALB protein (r = 0.243), ALB : DMNF (r = 0.309) and ALB : SCC (r = 0.249), as well as negative correlation between TGC : MY (r = -0.264), ALT : protein (r = -0.258), lactose : TGC (r = -0.274) and ALT : DMNF (r = -0.234). The relations between indicators of milk composition, milk production and ewes blood indicators as well as their mutual connections indicate the justification of using the analysis of liver status indicators. Accordingly, by using these relations metabolic pathways of liver status indicators could be better monitored, which is important for practice regarding prevention of possible feeding errors and prevention of major production losses while maintaining the health of lactating sheep.

Background and Objectives: Carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT) and obesity are considered independent determinants of cardio- and cerebrovascular events. The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of obesity on CIMT and to define which traditional cardiovascular risk factors correlate the most with CIMT values in patients with obesity. Materials and Methods: Anthropometric measurements were collected for the whole study group, as well as body composition and blood pressure data, and biochemical blood analyses were also performed. Results: Although our study group was significantly older according to vascular compared with chronological age, the mean CIMT values were lower when compared with the reference values. We found a statistically significant correlation of CIMT with chronological and vascular age, systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference, body muscle mass and skeletal muscle mass index. Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk assessment and SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation) showed significant positive correlations, but there was only a weak correlation of ASCVD with CIMT. Conclusions: To deduce, since no diagnostic tool currently includes body weight as an individual risk factor, further trials are highly needed to determine if SCORE, SCORE2, ASCVD risk assessment or CIMT would be the most accurate and relevant diagnostic tool for prediction of risk for future CV events in patients with obesity.

This paper explores the physiological consequences of decreased expression of GD3 synthase (GD3S), a biosynthetic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of b-series gangliosides. GD3S is a key factor in tumorigenesis, with overexpression enhancing tumor growth, proliferation, and metastasis in various cancers. Hence, inhibiting GD3S activity has potential therapeutic effects due to its role in malignancy-associated pathways across different cancer types. GD3S has also been investigated as a promising therapeutic target in treatment of various neurodegenerative disorders. Drugs targeting GD3 and GD3S have been extensively explored and underwent clinical trials, however decreased GD3S expression in mouse models, human subjects, and in vitro studies has demonstrated serious adverse effects. We highlight these negative consequences and show original mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) data indicating that inactivated GD3S can generally negatively affect energy metabolism, regulatory pathways, and mitigation of oxidative stress. The disturbance in several physiological systems induced by GD3S inhibition underscores the vital role of this enzyme in maintaining cellular homeostasis and should be taken into account when GD3S is considered as a therapeutic target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient education is an important aspect of physiotherapy. Effective education is based on quality communication and understanding of patients' needs. For a successful practice, it is necessary to recognize the factors that affect the ability to teach the patient and prepare new physiotherapists for this task. The research aims to determine the effect of training on the self-efficacy and skills of physiotherapy students in patient education. Methods: Final-year physiotherapy students were randomized into an intervention group (52 students) and a control group (51 students). The intervention group participated in 2.5 hours of lectures, discussions, simulated exercises with colleagues, and video examples of patient education. Students in the control group received standardized instruction without the additional intervention provided to the experimental group. All students performed a self-assessment of their teaching abilities. Patient education was assessed by a blinded evaluator using the Objective Structured Clinical Examination from an audio-recorded simulated clinical practice task. Results: The results show no differences in demographic variables, while a significant improvement was achieved for the intervention group after the training. The intervention group before the experiment did not perform differently than the control group on self-efficacy items (p>.05), but they did perform significantly better than the control group after the experiment (p<.001). The intervention group showed better results than the control group in almost all observed fields. Conclusion: Short-term educational intervention significantly enhances physiotherapy students' self-efficacy and patient education skills, emphasizing the value of structured educational interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract As the PHY/MAC-layer IR-HARQ and RLC-layer ARQ error recovery procedures, adopted in LTE, may impose additional delay when their code-block retransmissions occur, the arising question is whether these significantly contribute to IP and consequently RTP packet delays, and finally degrade the overall application-layer end-to-end QoE, especially when voice is transmitted over LTE? With this regard, we propose and demonstrate a VoLTE QoS and QoE test procedure based on PHY/MAC/RLC/IP/TCP-UDP/RTP cross-layer protocol analysis and perceptual speech quality QoE measurements. We identified monotonic relationship between the paired observations: QoE and HARQ RTT, i.e. between the PESQ voice quality rating and the IP/RTP packet latency, for given BLER of the received MAC/RLC code-blocks. Specifically, we found out that, for the HARQ RTT value of about 8 ms, only up to 2 HARQ retransmissions (and consequently no RLC-ARQ one) is appropriate during any voice packet, otherwise delay accumulation might not be accordingly “smoothed out” by jitter/playback buffers along the propagation path.

Ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a well-known serious complication of this most common primary liver malignancy. However, when HCC rupture is associated with other focal liver lesions, the diagnosis and therapy may be very challenging. Correct differentiation of focal liver lesions is of paramount importance for successful treatment. The aim of this report is to present a unique case of HCC rupture complicated with liver abscess, hematoma and portal vein thrombosis. We discuss possible pathophysiological mechanisms and radiologic findings of such clinical scenarios and review literature related to the management of HCC rupture.

U članku se analizira problem legitimnog predstavljanja Hrvata u Domu naroda Parlamenta Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine (FBIH) koristeći se konsocijacijalizmom, „fenomenom čiče Tome“ i jednosmjernim udruživanjem glasova kao teorijskim prizmama analize problema. Prvo se sažima povijest Doma naroda Parlamenta Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine te analizira značenje amandmana koje je Ustavu FBiH nametnuo visoki predstavnik Wolfgang Petritsch 2002. godine i značenje presude Ustavnog suda Bosne i Hercegovine U-23-14 Ljubić iz 2016. godine. Zatim se analizira realističan scenarij potpunog izbacivanja hrvatskih predstavnika iz vladajuće koalicije na svim razinama vlasti zbog neprovođenja presude Ljubić i mogućnost jednostranih izmjena Ustava FBiH koje mogu donijeti stranke bošnjačke većine nakon općih izbora 2022. godine. Naposljetku, raspravlja se o problemu operacionalizacije legitimnog predstavljanja Hrvata u Domu naroda Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine i njegovu potencijalnom alternativnom rješenju. Glavni je argument članka da zbog nedostataka izbornog zakona i nelogične operacionalizacije konsocijacijskih karakteristika u FBiH Hrvati nisu u stanju birati vlastite legitimne predstavnike u Hrvatski klub Doma naroda Parlamenta FBiH, za njih najvažniju političku instituciju u Bosni i Hercegovini.

Purpose: One of the ways to enhance transparency and usefulness of audit reports is to include information on key audit matters (KAMs). In this paper, based on the presented KAMs, we investigate transparency of audit reports of listed companies in Bosnia and Herzegovina and in Croatia. Methodology: For the purposes of this research, we collected and systematised data from published audit reports and then analysed them by means of descriptive statistical methods. Results: The research results show that in Croatia only a few audit reports lack a section on KAMs and there is no difference between the audit reports issued by the Big Four and the reports of other audit firms. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, most audit reports do not include a section on KAMs, but, unlike the Big Four, who disclose at least one KAM, other audit firms generally do not present any. Additionally, the research results show differences in the number of communicated KAMs between the audit reports prepared by the Big Four in Croatia and their reports for Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are also differences in the type of KAMs used in the two observed countries. Conclusion: Having analysed the situation in the two developing countries, we obtained different results. The discrepancies mainly stem from the varying degrees of transparency of the audit profession in each country.

Eating habits of adolescents can be significantly influenced by different emotional states, leading to eating disorders, especially among young people aged 15 to 19. The main objective of this research conducted on a sample of 915 students of secondary schools in Split, was to investigate the link between eating habits and emotional states of adolescents, that is, to investigate the frequency of potentially high-risk behaviors and attitudes significant for the development of an eating disorder. The research has shown that there is a link between certain emotional states and overeating, and that this link is more pronounced in female than in male students. We have concluded that the following are the emotions and emotional states predominately associated with overeating: lower mood, sadness, stress, loneliness, anger, boredom and even happiness. Different emotional changes have been observed among the research participants, especially negative emotional states. Data obtained from this research can be a starting point for public health projects aimed at protection and improvement of mental health of adolescents in the educational system, as well as for projects of the civil society organizations.

Introduction: Hernia surgery is one of the most common operative procedures, performed in about 20 million cases per year all over the world, with ventral hernia accounting for about 30% of the cases. Although the introduction of the anterior component separation (ACS) method, popularized primarily by Oscar Ramirez, has greatly facilitated the closure of the largest abdominal wall defects, the 30-year experience in this technique has pointed to the risk of ischemic skin complications consequential to the major subcutaneous tissue dissection required. The aim of this case presentation of a patient who developed extensive necrosis of the abdominal wall skin following ACS procedure is to emphasize the importance of preserving rectus abdominis perforator blood vessels in order to preserve skin vitality.Case Presentation: We present a case of a 58-year-old female patient with a large recurrent ventral hernia. The hernial defect was closed by placing a large (30 × 25 cm) polypropylene mesh in the retro-rectus space using the Rives-Stoppa technique. To facilitate upper fascia closure ACS according to Ramirez was performed bilaterally. The rectus perforator vessels were not preserved. Recovery of the patient was complicated with the extensive abdominal skin necrosis which was successfully treated with negative pressure wound therapy.Discussion: Transection of the musculocutaneous perforators of the epigastric artery during ACS results with the compromised blood supply of the abdominal skin depending solely upon the intercostal arteries. Skin ischemia following ACS is a serious complication that can be presented with extensive necrosis associated with high morbidity and even mortality, while the treatment is long lasting, complex, and expensive. Considering the ever-increasing prevalence of large ventral hernias, ever greater popularity of the ACS technique, and the growing proportion of surgeons performing large ventral hernia operations independently, we think that the role of preserving perforated rectus vessels has not been emphasized enough. Therefore, the objective of this case study is to stimulate surgeons to preserve skin vascularity and promote it in their routine in order to avoid these severe postoperative complications.

Postintubation tracheal laceration (PITL) is a rare, potentially life-threatening complication requiring prompt diagnosis and treatment. Patients typically present with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum, whereas concomitant pneumothorax is rarely reported. A conservative treatment is indicated in selected respiratory stable patients with small lacerations. Herein, we reported an unusual case of PITL with bilateral pneumothorax that was treated with chest tube drainage and conservative measures in the intensive care unit. The key success of the PITL management is early recognition of signs and symptoms and an adequate selection of management approaches.

The objective of this study was to evaluate impact of light and available oxygen on the chemical composition of three selected essential oils. Aliquots of immortelle (Helichrysum italicum), silver fir (Abies alba) and prickly juniper (Juniperus oxycedrus) essential oils were exposed to UV-A irradiation in the presence of atmospheric oxygen as well as in the presence of inert gas. The compositions of fresh and irradiated samples were studied by GC/MS. Each oil showed an individual response to the applied conditions. In immortelle oil, dominant process was phototransformation of g-curcumene to italicene, isoitalicene and α-curcumene. Since g-curcumene is one of the major components of immortelle essential oil, exposure of this oil to light can cause significant changes in primary composition and thus quality. In silver fir and prickly juniper oil irradiation caused only slight changes among sesquiterpenes that are present as minor components. Both oils were found to be photostabile and insensitive to the presence of atmospheric oxygen.

Liver fluke infections are recognised as diseases with worldwide distribution and considerable veterinary and public health importance. The giant liver fluke, Fascioloides magna, is an important non-native parasite which has been introduced to Europe, posing a threat to the survival of local wildlife populations such as red deer (Cervus elaphus). The aim of the study was to analyse differences in liver proteomes between F. magna-infected and control red deer groups using a label-based high-throughput quantitative proteomics approach. The proteomics analysis identified 234 proteins with differential abundance between the control and infected groups. Our findings showed that F. magna infection in this definitive host is associated with changes in the metabolism of proteins and fatty acids, oxidative stress, fibrosis, and signaling pathways. The identified proteins and associated biological pathways represent a valuable contribution to the understanding of host–parasite interactions and the pathogenesis of liver fluke infection.

Protein O-mannosyltransferases (PMTs) represent a conserved family of multispanning endoplasmic reticulum membrane proteins involved in glycosylation of S/T-rich protein substrates and unfolded proteins. PMTs work as dimers and contain a luminal MIR domain with a β-trefoil fold, which is susceptive for missense mutations causing α-dystroglycanopathies in humans. Here, we analyze PMT-MIR domains by an integrated structural biology approach using X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy and evaluate their role in PMT function in vivo. We determine Pmt2- and Pmt3-MIR domain structures and identify two conserved mannose-binding sites, which are consistent with general β-trefoil carbohydrate-binding sites (α, β), and also a unique PMT2-subfamily exposed FKR motif. We show that conserved residues in site α influence enzyme processivity of the Pmt1-Pmt2 heterodimer in vivo. Integration of the data into the context of a Pmt1-Pmt2 structure and comparison with homologous β-trefoil – carbohydrate complexes allows for a functional description of MIR domains in protein O-mannosylation.

Crossbreeding of Holstein cattle with bulls of other breeds has garnered increasing interest with respect to efforts to improve performance traits and to decrease problems with fertility and health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of the fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene on milk production traits and fatty acid composition of Simmental and first-generation Holstein × Simmental crossbred cows. A total of 105 cows (72 Simmental and 33 crossbred Holstein) were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method and their fatty acid profiles were analysed. The crossbred Holstein cows with diplotype TW/AR had significantly higher fat content and yield compared to the purebred Simmental cows of the same diplotype. The Holstein × Simmental cows with the diplotype AR/AR were also characterised by significantly lower content of C16:0 and saturated fatty acids, but higher C18:1n9, monounsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid content compared to the same diplotype of the Simmental cattle. These results indicate that with accurate breeding plans, crossbreeding Holstein cows with Simmental bulls could be directed towards a more desirable fatty acid composition of milk and dairy products.

Suvremeni način života uzrok je sve veće pojave nepravilnih tjelesnih držanja kod djece i adolescenata. Kod sportaša nepravilna tjelesna držanja mogu izazvati brojne kronične zdravstvene probleme i ozljede koje utječu na njihovu uspješnost u sportu. Rukometnu igru karakterizira dinamičnost i pokretljivost, uz stalne i brze promjene položaja tijela i elemenata tehnike. Zbog određenih karakteristika rukometa kao sporta (dijelovi tehnike koji su asimetrični zbog igranja jednom rukom) postoji osnovana sumnja, da su rukometaši izloženi faktorima koji mogu uzrokovati razvoj posturalnih deformiteta. Cilj istraživanja bio je ispitati je li skoliotično držanje česta pojava u adolescenata koji treniraju rukomet, te postoji li povezanost između relevantnih pokazatelja nepravilnog držanja i dominantne ruke sa skoliotičnim tjelesnim držanjem kod rukometaša. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku 98 adolescenata u dobi od 13-18 godina koji su uključeni u trenažni proces preko tri godine, a testirani su kliničkim Adamsovim testom pretklona. Za utvrđivanje tipova tjelesnog držanja primijenjen je posteriorni pregled. Uzorak varijabli za procjenu tjelesnog držanja sadržavao je numeričke vrijednosti osam referentnih točaka u posteriornom pregledu. Za utvrđivanje razlika između skupina u varijablama upitnika, te kod utvrđivanja razlike između ispitanika kod varijabli dobivenih iz upitnika, korišten je Hi kvadrat test, te je određena kontingencijska tablica s frekvencijama i postotcima. Ustanovljena je značajna razlika između desnostranog i normalnog tjelesnog držanja, gdje su ispitanici s desnostranim držanjem značajno više godina proveli trenirajući rukomet u odnosu na one sa normalnim držanjem, što navodi na zaključak kako ovaj sport može da se povezuje uz pojavu skoliotičnog držanja.

The modern way of life is the cause of the increasing occurrence of improper body posture in children and adolescents. In athletes, improper body posture can lead to numerous chronic health problems and injuries that affect their performance in sports. The handball game is characterized by dynamism and mobility, with constant and rapid changes of body positions and technique elements. Due to certain characteristics of handball as a sport (parts of the technique that are asymmetric due to playing with one hand) there is a reasonable doubt that handball players are exposed to factors that can cause a development of postural deformities. The aim of the study is to investigate whether scoliotic posture is a frequent occurrence in adolescents who train handball, and whether there is a correlation between the relevant indicators of improper body posture and the dominant hand with scoliotic body posture in handball players. The study was conducted on a sample of 98 adolescents aged 13-18 who had been involved in the training process for over three years and were tested with clinical Adams forward bend test. A posterior examination was used to determine the types of body posture. The sample of variables for the assessment of body posture contained numerical values ​​of eight reference points in the posterior examination. To determine the differences between groups in variables of the questionnaire, and in determining the difference between the respondents in the variables obtained from the questionnaire, the Chi-square test was used, and a contingency table with frequencies and percentages was determined. A significant difference was found between right-sided and normal body posture, where right-sided posture subjects spent significantly more years training a handball compared to those with normal body posture, which suggests that this sport can be associated with the occurrence of a scoliotic posture.

U radu se navode nadzorni mehanizmi, ustanovljeni radi jamstva izvršenja presuda Europskog suda za ljudska prava i odluka o uvjetima prijateljskog rješenja spora. Ukazuje se na obveze koje iz tih presuda i odluka proizlaze za odgovorne države stranke te se naglasak stavlja na ustavnosudski aspekt ove značajne teme u okviru zaštite ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda. Naglašava se vrijeme koje je Konvencija za zaštitu ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda u primjeni u Republici Hrvatskoj te se ukazuje na važnost interpretativne uloge sudova, s posebnim osvrtom na Ustavni sud Republike Hrvatske i ESLJP-a. Tema se analizira pretežno s ustavnosudskog aspekta, nastavljajući se na temelje koje je u ovom području, u Republici Hrvatskoj, postavila Omejec, uvodeći na velika vrata Europski sud za ljudska prava u ustavne vidike i gradeći, uz sebe, okosnicu stručnjaka, praktičara i osoba kojima je ustavno pravo i ustavno sudovanje poziv, a ne samo profesionalna okupacija. Rezultat je to petnaestak godina analiziranja i stvaranja dijelova ustavnosudskog i ustavnopravnog mozaika ustavnog i konvencijskog prava. Temelje i upoznavanje s izvršenjem presuda ESLJP-a pronalazimo u stalnom štivu na stolu, konvencijskim pravom angažiranog pravnika, knjizi autorice Omejec, kojom je detaljno analiziran strasbourški acquis. Stoga se u ovom radu, upućujući na to nezaobilazno štivo, nastavlja sa stajalištima Ustavnog suda i utjecajem riječi ESLJP-a.

We report a unique case of undetectable serum levels of anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who developed ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) during in vitro fertilization (IVF). A case is described of a 28-year-old woman with clinical symptoms of PCOS and AMH serum level below analytical sensitivity (