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748 results on '"Green, D. M."'

22. Heterogeneous responses of temperate-zone amphibian populations to climate change complicates conservation planning

Author

Muths, E., primary, Chambert, T., additional, Schmidt, B. R., additional, Miller, D. A. W., additional, Hossack, B. R., additional, Joly, P., additional, Grolet, O., additional, Green, D. M., additional, Pilliod, D. S., additional, Cheylan, M., additional, Fisher, R. N., additional, McCaffery, R. M., additional, Adams, M. J., additional, Palen, W. J., additional, Arntzen, J. W., additional, Garwood, J., additional, Fellers, G., additional, Thirion, J.-M., additional, Besnard, A., additional, and Grant, E. H. Campbell, additional

Published
2017
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23. Heterogeneous responses of temperate-zone amphibian populations to climate change complicates conservation planning

Author

Muths, E, Chambert, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080, Schmidt, B R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Miller, D A W, Hossack, B R, Joly, P, Grolet, O, Green, D M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4438-2285, Pilliod, D S; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518, Cheylan, M, Fisher, R N, McCaffery, R M, Adams, M J, Palen, W J, Arntzen, J W, Garwood, J, Fellers, G, Thirion, J-M, Besnard, A, Grant, E H Campbell, Muths, E, Chambert, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080, Schmidt, B R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Miller, D A W, Hossack, B R, Joly, P, Grolet, O, Green, D M; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4438-2285, Pilliod, D S; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4207-3518, Cheylan, M, Fisher, R N, McCaffery, R M, Adams, M J, Palen, W J, Arntzen, J W, Garwood, J, Fellers, G, Thirion, J-M, Besnard, A, and Grant, E H Campbell

Abstract

The pervasive and unabated nature of global amphibian declines suggests common demographic responses to a given driver, and quantification of major drivers and responses could inform broad-scale conservation actions. We explored the influence of climate on demographic parameters (i.e., changes in the probabilities of survival and recruitment) using 31 datasets from temperate zone amphibian populations (North America and Europe) with more than a decade of observations each. There was evidence for an influence of climate on population demographic rates, but the direction and magnitude of responses to climate drivers was highly variable among taxa and among populations within taxa. These results reveal that climate drivers interact with variation in life-history traits and population-specific attributes resulting in a diversity of responses. This heterogeneity complicates the identification of conservation ‘rules of thumb’ for these taxa, and supports the notion of local focus as the most effective approach to overcome global-scale conservation challenges.

Published
2017

24. Quantitative evidence for the effects of multiple drivers on continental-scale amphibian declines

Author

Grant, E H C, Miller, D A W, Schmidt, B R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Adams, M J, Amburgey, S M, Chambert, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080, Cruickshank, S S, Fisher, R N, Green, D M, Hossack, B R, Johnson, P T J, Joseph, M B, Rittenhouse, T A G, Ryan, M E, Waddle, J H, Walls, S C, Bailey, L L, Fellers, G M, Gorman, T A, Ray, A M, Pilliod, D S, Price, S J, Saenz, D, Sadinski, W, Muths, E, Grant, E H C, Miller, D A W, Schmidt, B R; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4023-1001, Adams, M J, Amburgey, S M, Chambert, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9450-9080, Cruickshank, S S, Fisher, R N, Green, D M, Hossack, B R, Johnson, P T J, Joseph, M B, Rittenhouse, T A G, Ryan, M E, Waddle, J H, Walls, S C, Bailey, L L, Fellers, G M, Gorman, T A, Ray, A M, Pilliod, D S, Price, S J, Saenz, D, Sadinski, W, and Muths, E

Abstract

Since amphibian declines were first proposed as a global phenomenon over a quarter century ago, the conservation community has made little progress in halting or reversing these trends. The early search for a “smoking gun” was replaced with the expectation that declines are caused by multiple drivers. While field observations and experiments have identified factors leading to increased local extinction risk, evidence for effects of these drivers is lacking at large spatial scales. Here, we use observations of 389 time-series of 83 species and complexes from 61 study areas across North America to test the effects of 4 of the major hypothesized drivers of declines. While we find that local amphibian populations are being lost from metapopulations at an average rate of 3.79% per year, these declines are not related to any particular threat at the continental scale; likewise the effect of each stressor is variable at regional scales. This result - that exposure to threats varies spatially, and populations vary in their response - provides little generality in the development of conservation strategies. Greater emphasis on local solutions to this globally shared phenomenon is needed.

Published
2016

25. Transendothelial migration of lymphocytes from HIV-1-infected donors: a mechanism for extravascular dissemination of HIV-1

Author

Birdsall, H. H., JoAnn Trial, Lin, H. J., Green, D. M., Sorrentino, G. W., Siwak, E. B., Jong, A. L., and Rossen, R. D.

Subjects
Immunology, Immunology and Allergy
Abstract

To identify factors that cause HIV-1 to establish perivascular foci of infected cells, we studied the transendothelial migration of blood mononuclear leukocytes (MNL) from 76 HIV+ patients and 41 controls. The fraction of patients' lymphocytes that migrated across endothelial cell monolayers in vitro was significantly increased (p < or = 0.03) compared with that of control donors. Migration of patients' CD4+ T cells was particularly enhanced, whereas the migration of monocytes did not differ between patients and controls. Lymphocyte migration correlated with expression of CD11a/CD18 and CD49d/CD29 and with the quantity of TNF-alpha produced as MNLs migrated through the endothelium. Measurement of HIV-1 proviral DNA copies in the patients' MNLs (n = 26) suggested that in half the cases virus-infected cells accumulated preferentially amidst the migratory leukocytes. We observed the same behavior with normal donor MNLs infected, in vitro, with each of 4 strains of HIV-1. The number of HIV-1 proviral DNA copies per million MNLs was 40 to 178 times higher in the migratory population than in the original population added to the endothelium. To test whether only certain strains of HIV-1 stimulate transendothelial migration of infected cells, we used single strand conformation polymorphism analysis to identify quasispecies of HIV-1 in the MNLs. If all strains of HIV-1 were equal in their ability to stimulate transendothelial migration, we expected to find no differences in the quasispecies present in the original and migratory cell populations. In fact the quasispecies differed in 14 of 19 paired samples, suggesting that only certain HIV-1 quasispecies promote transendothelial migration of infected cells.

Published
1997
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27. Chytridiomycosis and amphibian population declines continue to spread eastward in Panama

Author

Woodhams, D C, Kilburn, V L, Reinert, L K, Voyle, J, Medina, D, Ibanez, R, Hyatt, A D, Boyle, D G, Pask, J D, Green, D M, Rollins-Smith, L A, and University of Zurich

Subjects
chytridiomycosis, 10127 Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Panama, 2307 Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 570 Life sciences, biology, 590 Animals (Zoology), population, amphibian, emerging disease, declines, 2303 Ecology, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Published
2008
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29. Signal Detection by Human Observers

Author

Swets, J. A., Green, D. M., Swets, J. A., and Green, D. M.

Abstract

Contains research objectives and reports on one research project., U.S. Air Force Contract AF19(604)-1728, monitored by the Operational Applications Laboratory, Air Force Cambridge Research Center

Published
2010

31. Differential characterization of emerging skin diseases of rainbow trout – a standardized approach to capturing disease characteristics and development of case definitions

Author

Oidtmann, B, primary, LaPatra, S E, additional, Verner‐Jeffreys, D, additional, Pond, M, additional, Peeler, E J, additional, Noguera, P A, additional, Bruno, D W, additional, St‐Hilaire, S, additional, Schubiger, C B, additional, Snekvik, K, additional, Crumlish, M, additional, Green, D M, additional, Metselaar, M, additional, Rodger, H, additional, Schmidt‐Posthaus, H, additional, Galeotti, M, additional, and Feist, S W, additional

Published
2013
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45. Cardiac outcomes in a cohort of adult survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer: retrospective analysis of the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study cohort

Author

Mulrooney, D. A, primary, Yeazel, M. W, additional, Kawashima, T., additional, Mertens, A. C, additional, Mitby, P., additional, Stovall, M., additional, Donaldson, S. S, additional, Green, D. M, additional, Sklar, C. A, additional, Robison, L. L, additional, and Leisenring, W. M, additional

Published
2009
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50. Microcomputer technology applications: Charger and regulator software for a breadboard programmable power processor

Author

Green, D. M

Subjects
Computer Programming And Software
Abstract

Software programs are described, one which implements a voltage regulation function, and one which implements a charger function with peak-power tracking of its input. The software, written in modular fashion, is intended as a vehicle for further experimentation with the P-3 system. A control teleprinter allows an operator to make parameter modifications to the control algorithm during experiments. The programs require 3K ROM and 2K ram each. User manuals for each system are included as well as a third program for simple I/O control.

Published
1978

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