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1. First Dark Matter Search Results from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

Author

Aalbers, J., Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Alqahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Amarasinghe, C. S., Ames, A., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Azadi, S., Bailey, A. J., Baker, A., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Bargemann, J. W., Barry, M. J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Baxter, A., Beattie, K., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birch, H. J., Birrittella, B., Blockinger, G. M., Boast, K. E., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Brew, C. A. J., Brás, P., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Buuck, M., Cabrita, R., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Cherwinka, J. J., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Converse, M. V., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Craddock, W. W., Creaner, O., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., Dahl, C. E., David, A., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., Delgaudio, J., Dey, S., de Viveiros, L., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fraser, E. D., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V. M., Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Gibbons, R., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Green, J., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrison, A., Hartigan-O'Connor, E., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hertel, S. A., Heuermann, G., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hunt, D., Ignarra, C. M., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., James, R. S., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, J., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A. C., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kocher, C. D., Kodroff, D., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kyre, S., Landerud, B., Leason, E. A., Lee, C., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liao, F. -T., Liao, J., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Liu, Y., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Asamar, E. Lopez, Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McCarthy, M. E., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Meng, Y., Migneault, J., Miller, E. H., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J. A., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murdy, M., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Neves, F., Nguyen, A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Orpwood, J., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B., Pereira, C., Pereira, G., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Podczerwinski, J., Porzio, D., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rodriguez, A., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rushton, T., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J. S., Santone, D., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Scovell, P. R., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, T., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Sinev, G., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, R., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Suerfu, B., Sumner, T. J., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, D. J., Taylor, R., Taylor, W. C., Temples, D. J., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tong, Z., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utku, U., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A. C., Verbus, J. R., Voirin, E., Waldron, W. L., Wang, A., Wang, B., Wang, J. J., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Webb, R. C., White, A., White, D. T., White, J. T., White, R. G., Whitis, T. J., Williams, M., Wisniewski, W. J., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Wright, C. J., Xia, Q., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., Zarzhitsky, P., Zuckerman, A., and Zweig, E. A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The LUX-ZEPLIN experiment is a dark matter detector centered on a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber operating at the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. This Letter reports results from LUX-ZEPLIN's first search for weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) with an exposure of 60~live days using a fiducial mass of 5.5 t. A profile-likelihood ratio analysis shows the data to be consistent with a background-only hypothesis, setting new limits on spin-independent WIMP-nucleon, spin-dependent WIMP-neutron, and spin-dependent WIMP-proton cross sections for WIMP masses above 9 GeV/c$^2$. The most stringent limit is set for spin-independent scattering at 36 GeV/c$^2$, rejecting cross sections above 9.2$\times 10^{-48}$ cm$^2$ at the 90% confidence level., Comment: 9 pages, 8 figures. See https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.041002 for a data release related to this paper

Published
2022
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2. The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Published
2023
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3. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Aviles, S., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M. J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birch, H. J., Birrittella, B., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Brew, C. A. J., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Cabrita, R., Campbell, J. S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R. A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Cox, G., Craddock, W. W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunhaw, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Florang, I. M. Fogarty, Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fraser, E. D., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Gehman, V. M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T. G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Harrison, J., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S. A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Irving, M. N., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W. G., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kim, W. T., Kocher, C. D., Kodroff, D., Konovalov, A. M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S. W., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A. R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N. A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Lopez-Asamar, E., Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Markley, D. J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Minaker, Z. J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., Oh, H., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmaccio, V. M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B. P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Saba, J. S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A. R., Smith, R. J., Smith, R. E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W. C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D. J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J. R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C. O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W. L., Walker, K., Wang, J. J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, R. G., White, J. T., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., Zhang, C., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) is a second-generation direct dark matter experiment with spin-independent WIMP-nucleon scattering sensitivity above $1.4 \times 10^{-48}$ cm$^{2}$ for a WIMP mass of 40 GeV/c$^{2}$ and a 1000 d exposure. LZ achieves this sensitivity through a combination of a large 5.6 t fiducial volume, active inner and outer veto systems, and radio-pure construction using materials with inherently low radioactivity content. The LZ collaboration performed an extensive radioassay campaign over a period of six years to inform material selection for construction and provide an input to the experimental background model against which any possible signal excess may be evaluated. The campaign and its results are described in this paper. We present assays of dust and radon daughters depositing on the surface of components as well as cleanliness controls necessary to maintain background expectations through detector construction and assembly. Finally, examples from the campaign to highlight fixed contaminant radioassays for the LZ photomultiplier tubes, quality control and quality assurance procedures through fabrication, radon emanation measurements of major sub-systems, and bespoke detector systems to assay scintillator are presented., Comment: 45 pages (79 inc. tables), 7 figures, 9 tables

Published
2020
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5. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Experiment

Author

The LZ Collaboration, Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M. J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birrittella, B., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Campbell, J. S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R. A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Craddock, W. W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunha, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Florang, I. M. Fogarty, Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V. M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T. G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S. A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Irving, M. N., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W. G., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kim, W. T., Kocher, C. D., Konovalov, A. M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S. W., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A. R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N. A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Markley, D. J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D. -M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Minaker, Z. J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O'Dell, J., Oh, H., O'Neill, F. G., O'Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmaccio, V. M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B. P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J. S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A. R., Smith, R. J., Smith, R. E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W. C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D. J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va'vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J. R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C. O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W. L., Walker, K., Wang, J. J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R. C., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., White, R. G., White, J. T., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We describe the design and assembly of the LUX-ZEPLIN experiment, a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles. The centerpiece of the experiment is a large liquid xenon time projection chamber sensitive to low energy nuclear recoils. Rejection of backgrounds is enhanced by a Xe skin veto detector and by a liquid scintillator Outer Detector loaded with gadolinium for efficient neutron capture and tagging. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850' level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakota, USA. We describe the major subsystems of the experiment and its key design features and requirements.

Published
2019
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7. LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Technical Design Report

Author

Mount, B. J., Hans, S., Rosero, R., Yeh, M., Chan, C., Gaitskell, R. J., Huang, D. Q., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Pangilinan, M., Rhyne, C. A., Taylor, W. C., Verbus, J. R., Kim, Y. D., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Li, J., Belle, J., Cottle, A., Lippincott, W. H., Markley, D. J., Martin, T. J., Sarychev, M., Tope, T. E., Utes, M., Wang, R., Young, I., Araújo, H. M., Bailey, A. J., Bauer, D., Colling, D., Currie, A., Fayer, S., Froborg, F., Greenwood, S., Jones, W. G., Kasey, V., Khaleeq, M., Olcina, I., Paredes, B. López, Richards, A., Sumner, T. J., Tomás, A., Vacheret, A., Brás, P., Lindote, A., Lopes, M. I., Neves, F., Rodrigues, J. P., Silva, C., Solovov, V. N., Barry, M. J., Cole, A., Dobi, A., Edwards, W. R., Faham, C. H., Fiorucci, S., Gantos, N. J., Gehman, V. M., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Hanzel, K., Hoff, M. D., Kamdin, K., Lesko, K. T., McConnell, C. T., O'Sullivan, K., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Patton, S. J., Saba, J. S., Sorensen, P., Thomas, K. J., Tull, C. E., Waldron, W. L., Witherell, M. S., Bernstein, A., Kazkaz, K., Xu, J., Akimov, D. Yu., Bolozdynya, A. I., Khromov, A. V., Konovalov, A. M., Kumpan, A. V., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Dahl, C. E., Temples, D., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., de Viveiros, L., Akerib, D. S., Auyeung, H., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Breidenbach, M., Bramante, R., Conley, R., Craddock, W. W., Fan, A., Hau, A., Ignarra, C. M., Ji, W., Krebs, H. J., Linehan, R., Lee, C., Luitz, S., Mizrachi, E., Monzani, M. E., O'Neill, F. G., Pierson, S., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Skarpaas, K., Stifter, K., To, W. H., Va'vra, J., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Bai, X., Bunker, R., Coughlen, R., Hjemfelt, C., Leonard, R., Miller, E. H., Morrison, E., Reichenbacher, J., Schnee, R. W., Stark, M. R., Sundarnath, K., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., Bauer, P., Carlson, B., Horn, M., Johnson, M., Keefner, J., Maupin, C., Taylor, D. J., Balashov, S., Ford, P., Francis, V., Holtom, E., Khazov, A., Kaboth, A., Majewski, P., Nikkel, J. A., O'Dell, J., Preece, R. M., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Worm, S. D., Mannino, R. L., Stiegler, T. M., Terman, P. A., Webb, R. C., Levy, C., Mock, J., Szydagis, M., Busenitz, J. K., Elnimr, M., Hor, J. Y-K., Meng, Y., Piepke, A., Stancu, I., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Penning, B., Bernard, E. P., Jacobsen, R. G., McKinsey, D. N., Watson, R., Cutter, J. E., El-Jurf, S., Gerhard, R. M., Hemer, D., Hillbrand, S., Holbrook, B., Lenardo, B. G., Manalaysay, A. G., Morad, J. A., Stephenson, S., Thomson, J. A., Tripathi, M., Uvarov, S., Haselschwardt, S. J., Kyre, S., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Solmaz, M., White, D. T., Cascella, M., Dobson, J. E. Y., Ghag, C., Liu, X., Manenti, L., Reichhart, L., Shaw, S., Utku, U., Beltrame, P., Davison, T. J. R., Marzioni, M. F., Murphy, A. St. J., Nilima, A., Boxer, B., Burdin, S., Greenall, A., Powell, S., Rose, H. J., Sutcliffe, P., Balajthy, J., Edberg, T. K., Hall, C. R., Silk, J. S., Hertel, S., Akerlof, C. W., Arthurs, M., Lorenzon, W., Pushkin, K., Schubnell, M., Boast, K. E., Carels, C., Fruth, T., Kraus, H., Liao, F. -T., Lin, J., Scovell, P. R., Druszkiewicz, E., Khaitan, D., Koyuncu, M., Skulski, W., Wolfs, F. L. H., Yin, J., Korolkova, E. V., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Rossiter, P., Woodward, D., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Mei, D. -M., Wang, L., Wei, W. -Z., While, M., Zhang, C., Alsum, S. K., Benson, T., Carlsmith, D. L., Cherwinka, J. J., Dasu, S., Gregerson, G., Gomber, B., Pagac, A., Palladino, K. J., Vuosalo, C. O., Xiao, Q., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Olevitch, M. A., Boulton, E. M., Emmet, W. T., Hurteau, T. W., Larsen, N. A., Pease, E. K., Tennyson, B. P., and Tvrznikova, L.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

In this Technical Design Report (TDR) we describe the LZ detector to be built at the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). The LZ dark matter experiment is designed to achieve sensitivity to a WIMP-nucleon spin-independent cross section of three times ten to the negative forty-eighth square centimeters., Comment: 392 pages. Submitted to the Department of Energy as part of the documentation for the Critical Decision Numbers Two and Three (CD-2 and CD-3) management processes. Report also available by chapter at this URL

Published
2017

8. Physical, cognitive, and mental health impacts of COVID-19 after hospitalisation (PHOSP-COVID): a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study

Author

Abel, K, Adamali, H, Adeloye, D, Adeyemi, O, Adeyemi, F, Ahmad, S, Ahmed, R, Ainsworth, M, Al-Sheklly, B, Alamoudi, A, Aljaroof, M, Allan, L, Allen, R, Alli, A, Altmann, D, Anderson, D, Andrews, M, Angyal, A, Antoniades, C, Arbane, G, Armour, C, Armstrong, N, Armstrong, L, Arnold, H, Arnold, D, Ashworth, M, Ashworth, A, Assefa-Kebede, H, Atkin, P, Atkins, H, Atkins, A, Aul, R, Avram, C, Baggott, R, Baguley, D, Baillie, J K, Bain, S, Bakali, M, Bakau, M, Baldry, E, Baldwin, D, Ballard, C, Bambrough, J, Barker, R E, Barratt, S, Barrett, F, Basire, D, Basu, N, Batterham, R, Baxendale, H, Bayes, H, Bayley, M, Beadsworth, M, Beirne, P, Bell, R, Bell, D, Berry, C, Betts, S, Bhui, K, Bishop, L, Blaikely, J, Bloomfield, C, Bloss, A, Bolger, A, Bolton, C E, Bonnington, J, Botkai, A, Bourne, M, Bourne, C, Bradley, E, Bramham, K, Brear, L, Breen, G, Breeze, J, Briggs, A, Bright, E, Brightling, C E, Brill, S, Brindle, K, Broad, L, Broome, M, Brown, J S, Brown, M, Brown, J, Brown, R, Brown, V, Brown, A, Brugha, T, Brunskill, N, Buch, M, Bularga, A, Bullmore, E, Burn, D, Burns, G, Busby, J, Buttress, A, Byrne, S, Cairns, P, Calder, P C, Calvelo, E, Card, B, Carr, L, Carson, G, Carter, P, Cavanagh, J, Chalder, T, Chalmers, J D, Chambers, R C, Channon, K, Chapman, K, Charalambou, A, Chaudhuri, N, Checkley, A, Chen, J, Chetham, L, Chilvers, E R, Chinoy, H, Chong-James, K, Choudhury, N, Choudhury, G, Chowdhury, P, Chowienczyk, P, Christie, C, Clark, D, Clark, C, Clarke, J, Clift, P, Clohisey, S, Coburn, Z, Cole, J, Coleman, C, Connell, D, Connolly, B, Connor, L, Cook, A, Cooper, B, Coupland, C, Craig, T, Crisp, P, Cristiano, D, Crooks, M G, Cross, A, Cruz, I, Cullinan, P, Daines, L, Dalton, M, Dark, P, Dasgin, J, David, A, David, C, Davies, M, Davies, G, Davies, K, Davies, F, Davies, G A, Daynes, E, De Silva, T, De Soyza, A, Deakin, B, Deans, A, Defres, S, Dell, A, Dempsey, K, Dennis, J, Dewar, A, Dharmagunawardena, R, Diar Bakerly, N, Dipper, A, Diver, S, Diwanji, S N, Dixon, M, Djukanovic, R, Dobson, H, Dobson, C, Dobson, S L, Docherty, A B, Donaldson, A, Dong, T, Dormand, N, Dougherty, A, Dowling, R, Drain, S, Dulawan, P, Dunleavy, A, Dunn, S, Easom, N, Echevarria, C, Edwards, S, Edwardson, C, Elliott, B, Elliott, A, Ellis, Y, Elmer, A, Elneima, O, Evans, R A, Evans, J, Evans, H, Evans, D, Evans, R I, Evans, R, Evans, T, Fabbri, L, Fairbairn, S, Fairman, A, Fallon, K, Faluyi, D, Favager, C, Felton, T, Finch, J, Finney, S, Fisher, H, Fletcher, S, Flockton, R, Foote, D, Ford, A, Forton, D, Francis, R, Francis, S, Francis, C, Frankel, A, Fraser, E, Free, R, French, N, Fuld, J, Furniss, J, Garner, L, Gautam, N, Geddes, J R, George, P M, George, J, Gibbons, M, Gilmour, L, Gleeson, F, Glossop, J, Glover, S, Goodman, N, Gooptu, B, Gorsuch, T, Gourlay, E, Greenhaff, P, Greenhalf, W, Greenhalgh, A, Greening, N J, Greenwood, J, Greenwood, S, Gregory, R, Grieve, D, Gummadi, M, Gupta, A, Gurram, S, Guthrie, E, Hadley, K, Haggar, A, Hainey, K, Haldar, P, Hall, I, Hall, L, Halling-Brown, M, Hamil, R, Hanley, N A, Hardwick, H E, Hardy, E, Hargadon, B, Harrington, K, Harris, V, Harrison, E M, Harrison, P, Hart, N, Harvey, A, Harvey, M, Harvie, M, Havinden-Williams, M, Hawkes, J, Hawkings, N, Haworth, J, Hayday, A, Heaney, L G, Heeney, J L, Heightman, M, Heller, S, Henderson, M, Hesselden, L, Hillman, T, Hingorani, A, Hiwot, T, Ho, L P, Hoare, A, Hoare, M, Hogarth, P, Holbourn, A, Holdsworth, L, Holgate, D, Holmes, K, Holroyd-Hind, B, Horsley, A, Hosseini, A, Hotopf, M, Houchen, L, Howard, L, Howell, A, Hufton, E, Hughes, A, Hughes, J, Hughes, R, Humphries, A, Huneke, N, Hurst, J R, Hurst, R, Husain, M, Hussell, T, Ibrahim, W, Ient, A, Ingram, L, Ismail, K, Jackson, T, Jacob, J, James, W Y, Janes, S, Jarvis, H, Jayaraman, B, Jenkins, R G, Jezzard, P, Jiwa, K, Johnson, S, Johnson, C, Johnston, D, Jolley, C, Jolley, C J, Jones, I, Jones, S, Jones, D, Jones, H, Jones, G, Jones, M, Jose, S, Kabir, T, Kaltsakas, G, Kamwa, V, Kar, P, Kausar, Z, Kelly, S, Kerr, S, Key, A L, Khan, F, Khunti, K, King, C, King, B, Kitterick, P, Klenerman, P, Knibbs, L, Knight, S, Knighton, A, Kon, O M, Kon, S, Kon, S S, Korszun, A, Kotanidis, C, Koychev, I, Kurupati, P, Kwan, J, Laing, C, Lamlum, H, Landers, G, Langenberg, C, Lasserson, D, Lawrie, A, Lea, A, Leavy, O C, Lee, D, Lee, E, Leitch, K, Lenagh, R, Lewis, K, Lewis, V, Lewis, K E, Lewis, J, Lewis-Burke, N, Light, T, Lightstone, L, Lim, L, Linford, S, Lingford-Hughes, A, Lipman, M, Liyanage, K, Lloyd, A, Logan, S, Lomas, D, Lone, N I, Loosley, R, Lord, J M, Lota, H, Lucey, A, MacGowan, G, Macharia, I, Mackay, C, Macliver, L, Madathil, S, Madzamba, G, Magee, N, Mairs, N, Majeed, N, Major, E, Malim, M, Mallison, G, Man, W, Mandal, S, Mangion, K, Mansoori, P, Marciniak, S, Mariveles, M, Marks, M, Marshall, B, Martineau, A, Maskell, N, Matila, D, Matthews, L, Mayet, J, McAdoo, S, McAllister-Williams, H, McArdle, P, McArdle, A, McAulay, D, McAuley, H J C, McAuley, D F, McCafferty, K, McCann, G P, McCauley, H, McCourt, P, Mcgarvey, L, McGinness, J, McGovern, A, McGuinness, H, McInnes, I B, McIvor, K, McIvor, E, McMahon, A, McMahon, M J, McMorrow, L, Mcnally, T, McNarry, M, McQueen, A, McShane, H, Megson, S, Meiring, J, Menzies, D, Michael, A, Michael, B D, Milligan, L, Mills, N, Mitchell, J, Mohamed, A, Molyneaux, P L, Monteiro, W, Morley, A, Morrison, L, Morriss, R, Morrow, A, Moss, A, Moss, A J, Moss, P, Mukaetova-Ladinska, E, Munawar, U, Murali, E, Murira, J, Nassa, H, Neill, P, Neubauer, S, Newby, D, Newell, H, Newton Cox, A, Nicholson, T, Nicoll, D, Nolan, C M, Noonan, M J, Novotny, P, Nunag, J, Nyaboko, J, O'Brien, L, Odell, N, Ogg, G, Olaosebikan, O, Oliver, C, Omar, Z, Openshaw, P J M, Osbourne, R, Ostermann, M, Overton, C, Oxton, J, Pacpaco, E, Paddick, S, Papineni, P, Paradowski, K, Pareek, M, Parekh, D, Parfrey, H, Pariante, C, Parker, S, Parkes, M, Parmar, J, Parvin, R, Patale, S, Patel, B, Patel, S, Patel, M, Pathmanathan, B, Pavlides, M, Pearl, J E, Peckham, D, Pendlebury, J, Peng, Y, Pennington, C, Peralta, I, Perkins, E, Peto, T, Petousi, N, Petrie, J, Pfeffer, P, Phipps, J, Pimm, J, Piper Hanley, K, Pius, R, Plein, S, Plekhanova, T, Poinasamy, K, Polgar, O, Poll, L, Porter, J C, Portukhay, S, Powell, N, Price, L, Price, D, Price, A, Price, C, Prickett, A, Quaid, S, Quigley, J, Quint, J, Qureshi, H, Rahman, N, Rahman, M, Ralser, M, Raman, B, Ramos, A, Rangeley, J, Rees, T, Regan, K, Richards, A, Richardson, M, Rivera-Ortega, P, Robertson, E, Rodgers, J, Ross, G, Rossdale, J, Rostron, A, Routen, A, Rowland, A, Rowland, M J, Rowland, J, Rowland-Jones, S L, Roy, K, Rudan, I, Russell, R, Russell, E, Sabit, R, Sage, E K, Samani, N, Samuel, R, Sapey, E, Saralaya, D, Saratzis, A, Sargeant, J, Sass, T, Sattar, N, Saunders, K, Saunders, R, Saxon, W, Sayer, A, Schwaeble, W, Scott, J, Scott, K, Selby, N, Semple, M G, Sereno, M, Shah, K, Shah, A, Shah, P, Sharma, M, Sharpe, M, Sharpe, C, Shaw, V, Sheikh, A, Shevket, K, Shikotra, A, Short, J, Siddiqui, S, Sigfrid, L, Simons, G, Simpson, J, Singapuri, A, Singh, S J, Singh, C, Singh, S, Skeemer, J, Smith, I, Smith, J, Smith, L, Smith, A, Soares, M, Southern, D, Spears, M, Spencer, L G, Speranza, F, Stadon, L, Stanel, S, Steiner, M, Stensel, D, Stern, M, Stewart, I, Stockley, J, Stone, R, Storrie, A, Storton, K, Stringer, E, Subbe, C, Sudlow, C, Suleiman, Z, Summers, C, Summersgill, C, Sutherland, D, Sykes, D L, Sykes, R, Talbot, N, Tan, A L, Taylor, C, Taylor, A, Te, A, Tedd, H, Tee, C J, Tench, H, Terry, S, Thackray-Nocera, S, Thaivalappil, F, Thickett, D, Thomas, D, Thomas, D C, Thomas, A K, Thompson, A A R, Thompson, T, Thornton, T, Thwaites, R S, Tobin, M, Toingson, G F, Tong, C, Toshner, M, Touyz, R, Tripp, K A, Tunnicliffe, E, Turner, E, Turtle, L, Turton, H, Ugwuoke, R, Upthegrove, R, Valabhji, J, Vellore, K, Wade, E, Wain, L V, Wajero, L O, Walder, S, Walker, S, Wall, E, Wallis, T, Walmsley, S, Walsh, S, Walsh, J A, Watson, L, Watson, J, Watson, E, Welch, C, Welch, H, Welsh, B, Wessely, S, West, S, Wheeler, H, Whitehead, V, Whitney, J, Whittaker, S, Whittam, B, Wild, J, Wilkins, M, Wilkinson, D, Williams, N, Williams, B, Williams, J, Williams-Howard, S A, Willicombe, M, Willis, G, Wilson, D, Wilson, I, Window, N, Witham, M, Wolf-Roberts, R, Woodhead, F, Woods, J, Wootton, D, Worsley, J, Wraith, D, Wright, L, Wright, C, Wright, S, Xie, C, Yasmin, S, Yates, T, Yip, K P, Young, B, Young, S, Young, A, Yousuf, A J, Yousuf, A, Zawia, A, Zhao, B, Zongo, O, Evans, Rachael A, McAuley, Hamish J C, Harrison, Ewen M, Shikotra, Aarti, Singapuri, Amisha, Sereno, Marco, Elneima, Omer, Docherty, Annemarie B, Lone, Nazir I, Leavy, Olivia C, Daines, Luke, Baillie, J Kenneth, Brown, Jeremy S, Chalder, Trudie, De Soyza, Anthony, Diar Bakerly, Nawar, Easom, Nicholas, Geddes, John R, Greening, Neil J, Hart, Nick, Heaney, Liam G, Heller, Simon, Howard, Luke, Hurst, John R, Jacob, Joseph, Jenkins, R Gisli, Jolley, Caroline, Kerr, Steven, Kon, Onn M, Lewis, Keir, Lord, Janet M, McCann, Gerry P, Neubauer, Stefan, Openshaw, Peter J M, Parekh, Dhruv, Pfeffer, Paul, Rahman, Najib M, Raman, Betty, Richardson, Matthew, Rowland, Matthew, Semple, Malcolm G, Shah, Ajay M, Singh, Sally J, Sheikh, Aziz, Thomas, David, Toshner, Mark, Chalmers, James D, Ho, Ling-Pei, Horsley, Alex, Marks, Michael, Poinasamy, Krisnah, Wain, Louise V, and Brightling, Christopher E

Published
2021
Full Text
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9. LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) Technical Design Report

Author

Mount, BJ, Hans, S, Rosero, R, Yeh, M, Chan, C, Gaitskell, RJ, Huang, DQ, Makkinje, J, Malling, DC, Pangilinan, M, Rhyne, CA, Taylor, WC, Verbus, JR, Kim, YD, Lee, HS, Lee, J, Leonard, DS, Li, J, Belle, J, Cottle, A, Lippincott, WH, Markley, DJ, Martin, TJ, Sarychev, M, Tope, TE, Utes, M, Wang, R, Young, I, Araújo, HM, Bailey, AJ, Bauer, D, Colling, D, Currie, A, Fayer, S, Froborg, F, Greenwood, S, Jones, WG, Kasey, V, Khaleeq, M, Olcina, I, Paredes, B López, Richards, A, Sumner, TJ, Tomás, A, Vacheret, A, Brás, P, Lindote, A, Lopes, MI, Neves, F, Rodrigues, JP, Silva, C, Solovov, VN, Barry, MJ, Cole, A, Dobi, A, Edwards, WR, Faham, CH, Fiorucci, S, Gantos, NJ, Gehman, VM, Gilchriese, MGD, Hanzel, K, Hoff, MD, Kamdin, K, Lesko, KT, McConnell, CT, O'Sullivan, K, Oliver-Mallory, KC, Patton, SJ, Saba, JS, Sorensen, P, Thomas, KJ, Tull, CE, Waldron, WL, Witherell, MS, Bernstein, A, Kazkaz, K, Xu, J, Akimov, D Yu, Bolozdynya, AI, Khromov, AV, Konovalov, AM, Kumpan, AV, Sosnovtsev, VV, Dahl, CE, Temples, D, Carmona-Benitez, MC, Viveiros, L de, Akerib, DS, Auyeung, H, Biesiadzinski, TP, Breidenbach, M, Bramante, R, Conley, R, Craddock, WW, Fan, A, Hau, A, Ignarra, CM, Ji, W, and Krebs, HJ

Subjects
physics.ins-det, astro-ph.IM, hep-ex
Abstract

In this Technical Design Report (TDR) we describe the LZ detector to be builtat the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF). The LZ dark matterexperiment is designed to achieve sensitivity to a WIMP-nucleonspin-independent cross section of three times ten to the negative forty-eighthsquare centimeters.

Published
2017

10. Erratum to: The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

Akerib, D. S., Akerlof, C. W., Akimov, D. Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S. K., Anderson, T. J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H. M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J. E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Aviles, S., Bai, X., Bailey, A. J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M. J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E. P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Birch, H. J., Birrittella, B., Boast, K. E., Bolozdynya, A. I., Boulton, E. M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Brew, C. A. J., Buckley, J. H., Bugaev, V. V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J. K., Cabrita, R., Campbell, J. S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D. L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J. J., Chiller, A. A., Chiller, C., Chott, N. I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R. A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Cox, G., Craddock, W. W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J. E., da Cunha, J. P., Dahl, C. E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T. J. R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J. E. Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T. K., Edwards, W. R., Edwards, B. N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M. M., Emmet, W. T., Eriksen, S. R., Faham, C. H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Florang, I. M. Fogarty, Ford, P., Francis, V. B., Fraser, E. D., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R. J., Gantos, N. J., Garcia, D., Gehman, V. M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R. M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M. G. D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T. G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Harrison, J., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S. A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M. D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J. Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D. Q., Hurteau, T. W., Ignarra, C. M., Irving, M. N., Jacobsen, R. G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S. N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W. G., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A. V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y. D., Kim, W. T., Kocher, C. D., Kodroff, D., Konovalov, A. M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E. V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S. W., Krebs, H. J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kumpan, A. V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A. R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N. A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E. A., Lee, H. S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B. G., Leonard, D. S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K. T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F.-T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M. I., Lopez-Asamar, E., Paredes, B. López, Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J. M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P. A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D. C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., Markley, D. J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T. J., Marzioni, M. F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C. T., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D.-M., Meng, Y., Miller, E. H., Minaker, Z. J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M. E., Morad, J. A., Morrison, E., Mount, B. J., Murphy, A. St. J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H. N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J. A., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Nilima, A., O’Dell, J., Oh, H., O’Neill, F. G., O’Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M. A., Oliver-Mallory, K. C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K. J., Palmaccio, V. M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pease, E. K., Penning, B. P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I. B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R. M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B. N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rodrigues, J. P., Rose, H. J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Saba, J. S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Schnee, R. W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P. R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G. W., Shutt, T. A., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A. R., Smith, R. J., Smith, R. E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V. V., Stancu, I., Stark, M. R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T. M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T. J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W. C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D. J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B. P., Terman, P. A., Thomas, K. J., Thomson, J. A., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Tomás, A., Tope, T. E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Tull, C. E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va’vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J. R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C. O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W. L., Walker, K., Wang, J. J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, W., Wang, Y., Watson, J. R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R. C., Wei, W.-Z., While, M., White, R. G., White, J. T., White, D. T., Whitis, T. J., Wisniewski, W. J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M. S., Wolfs, F. L. H., Wolfs, J. D., Woodward, D., Worm, S. D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., Zhang, C., and Zarzhitsky, P.

Published
2022
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12. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment

Author

Akerib, D.S., Akerlof, C.W., Akimov, D.Yu., Alquahtani, A., Alsum, S.K., Anderson, T.J., Angelides, N., Araújo, H.M., Arbuckle, A., Armstrong, J.E., Arthurs, M., Auyeung, H., Bai, X., Bailey, A.J., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Bang, J., Barry, M.J., Barthel, J., Bauer, D., Bauer, P., Baxter, A., Belle, J., Beltrame, P., Bensinger, J., Benson, T., Bernard, E.P., Bernstein, A., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T.P., Birrittella, B., Boast, K.E., Bolozdynya, A.I., Boulton, E.M., Boxer, B., Bramante, R., Branson, S., Brás, P., Breidenbach, M., Buckley, J.H., Bugaev, V.V., Bunker, R., Burdin, S., Busenitz, J.K., Campbell, J.S., Carels, C., Carlsmith, D.L., Carlson, B., Carmona-Benitez, M.C., Cascella, M., Chan, C., Cherwinka, J.J., Chiller, A.A., Chiller, C., Chott, N.I., Cole, A., Coleman, J., Colling, D., Conley, R.A., Cottle, A., Coughlen, R., Craddock, W.W., Curran, D., Currie, A., Cutter, J.E., da Cunha, J.P., Dahl, C.E., Dardin, S., Dasu, S., Davis, J., Davison, T.J.R., de Viveiros, L., Decheine, N., Dobi, A., Dobson, J.E.Y., Druszkiewicz, E., Dushkin, A., Edberg, T.K., Edwards, W.R., Edwards, B.N., Edwards, J., Elnimr, M.M., Emmet, W.T., Eriksen, S.R., Faham, C.H., Fan, A., Fayer, S., Fiorucci, S., Flaecher, H., Fogarty Florang, I.M., Ford, P., Francis, V.B., Froborg, F., Fruth, T., Gaitskell, R.J., Gantos, N.J., Garcia, D., Geffre, A., Gehman, V.M., Gelfand, R., Genovesi, J., Gerhard, R.M., Ghag, C., Gibson, E., Gilchriese, M.G.D., Gokhale, S., Gomber, B., Gonda, T.G., Greenall, A., Greenwood, S., Gregerson, G., van der Grinten, M.G.D., Gwilliam, C.B., Hall, C.R., Hamilton, D., Hans, S., Hanzel, K., Harrington, T., Harrison, A., Hasselkus, C., Haselschwardt, S.J., Hemer, D., Hertel, S.A., Heise, J., Hillbrand, S., Hitchcock, O., Hjemfelt, C., Hoff, M.D., Holbrook, B., Holtom, E., Hor, J.Y-K., Horn, M., Huang, D.Q., Hurteau, T.W., Ignarra, C.M., Irving, M.N., Jacobsen, R.G., Jahangir, O., Jeffery, S.N., Ji, W., Johnson, M., Johnson, J., Johnson, P., Jones, W.G., Kaboth, A.C., Kamaha, A., Kamdin, K., Kasey, V., Kazkaz, K., Keefner, J., Khaitan, D., Khaleeq, M., Khazov, A., Khromov, A.V., Khurana, I., Kim, Y.D., Kim, W.T., Kocher, C.D., Konovalov, A.M., Korley, L., Korolkova, E.V., Koyuncu, M., Kras, J., Kraus, H., Kravitz, S.W., Krebs, H.J., Kreczko, L., Krikler, B., Kudryavtsev, V.A., Kumpan, A.V., Kyre, S., Lambert, A.R., Landerud, B., Larsen, N.A., Laundrie, A., Leason, E.A., Lee, H.S., Lee, J., Lee, C., Lenardo, B.G., Leonard, D.S., Leonard, R., Lesko, K.T., Levy, C., Li, J., Liu, Y., Liao, J., Liao, F.-T., Lin, J., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W.H., Liu, R., Liu, X., Loniewski, C., Lopes, M.I., López Paredes, B., Lorenzon, W., Lucero, D., Luitz, S., Lyle, J.M., Lynch, C., Majewski, P.A., Makkinje, J., Malling, D.C., Manalaysay, A., Manenti, L., Mannino, R.L., Marangou, N., Markley, D.J., MarrLaundrie, P., Martin, T.J., Marzioni, M.F., Maupin, C., McConnell, C.T., McKinsey, D.N., McLaughlin, J., Mei, D.-M., Meng, Y., Miller, E.H., Minaker, Z.J., Mizrachi, E., Mock, J., Molash, D., Monte, A., Monzani, M.E., Morad, J.A., Morrison, E., Mount, B.J., Murphy, A.St.J., Naim, D., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nehrkorn, C., Nelson, H.N., Nesbit, J., Neves, F., Nikkel, J.A., Nikoleyczik, J.A., Nilima, A., O’Dell, J., Oh, H., O’Neill, F.G., O’Sullivan, K., Olcina, I., Olevitch, M.A., Oliver-Mallory, K.C., Oxborough, L., Pagac, A., Pagenkopf, D., Pal, S., Palladino, K.J., Palmaccio, V.M., Palmer, J., Pangilinan, M., Patton, S.J., Pease, E.K., Penning, B.P., Pereira, G., Pereira, C., Peterson, I.B., Piepke, A., Pierson, S., Powell, S., Preece, R.M., Pushkin, K., Qie, Y., Racine, M., Ratcliff, B.N., Reichenbacher, J., Reichhart, L., Rhyne, C.A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G.R.C., Rodrigues, J.P., Rose, H.J., Rosero, R., Rossiter, P., Rucinski, R., Rutherford, G., Rynders, D., Saba, J.S., Sabarots, L., Santone, D., Sarychev, M., Sazzad, A.B.M.R., Schnee, R.W., Schubnell, M., Scovell, P.R., Severson, M., Seymour, D., Shaw, S., Shutt, G.W., Shutt, T.A., Silk, J.J., Silva, C., Skarpaas, K., Skulski, W., Smith, A.R., Smith, R.J., Smith, R.E., So, J., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V.N., Sorensen, P., Sosnovtsev, V.V., Stancu, I., Stark, M.R., Stephenson, S., Stern, N., Stevens, A., Stiegler, T.M., Stifter, K., Studley, R., Sumner, T.J., Sundarnath, K., Sutcliffe, P., Swanson, N., Szydagis, M., Tan, M., Taylor, W.C., Taylor, R., Taylor, D.J., Temples, D., Tennyson, B.P., Terman, P.A., Thomas, K.J., Thomson, J.A., Tiedt, D.R., Timalsina, M., To, W.H., Tomás, A., Tope, T.E., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D.R., Tull, C.E., Turner, W., Tvrznikova, L., Utes, M., Utku, U., Uvarov, S., Va’vra, J., Vacheret, A., Vaitkus, A., Verbus, J.R., Vietanen, T., Voirin, E., Vuosalo, C.O., Walcott, S., Waldron, W.L., Walker, K., Wang, J.J., Wang, R., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Watson, J.R., Migneault, J., Weatherly, S., Webb, R.C., Wei, W.-Z., While, M., White, R.G., White, J.T., White, D.T., Whitis, T.J., Wisniewski, W.J., Wilson, K., Witherell, M.S., Wolfs, F.L.H., Wolfs, J.D., Woodward, D., Worm, S.D., Xiang, X., Xiao, Q., Xu, J., Yeh, M., Yin, J., Young, I., and Zhang, C.

Published
2020
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14. The T2K Experiment

Author

T2K Collaboration, Abe, K., Abgrall, N., Aihara, H., Ajima, Y., Albert, J. B., Allan, D., Amaudruz, P. -A., Andreopoulos, C., Andrieu, B., Anerella, M. D., Angelsen, C., Aoki, S., Araoka, O., Argyriades, J., Ariga, A., Ariga, T., Assylbekov, S., de André, J. P. A. M., Autiero, D., Badertscher, A., Ballester, O., Barbi, M., Barker, G. J., Baron, P., Barr, G., Bartoszek, L., Batkiewicz, M., Bay, F., Bentham, S., Berardi, V., Berger, B. E., Berns, H., Bertram, I., Besnier, M., Beucher, J., Beznosko, D., Bhadra, S., Birney, P., Bishop, D., Blackmore, E., Blaszczyk, F. d. M., Blocki, J., Blondel, A., Bodek, A., Bojechko, C., Bouchez, J., Boussuge, T., Boyd, S. B., Boyer, M., Braam, N., Bradford, R., Bravar, A., Briggs, K., Brinson, J. D., Bronner, C., Brook-Roberge, D. G., Bryant, M., Buchanan, N., Budd, H., Cadabeschi, M., Calland, R. G., Calvet, D., Rodríguez, J. Caravaca, Carroll, J., Cartwright, S. L., Carver, A., Castillo, R., Catanesi, M. G., Cavata, C., Cazes, A., Cervera, A., Charrier, J. P., Chavez, C., Choi, S., Chollet, S., Christodoulou, G., Colas, P., Coleman, J., Coleman, W., Collazuol, G., Connolly, K., Cooke, P., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, A., Danko, I., Das, R., Davies, G. S., Davis, S., Day, M., De La Broise, X., de Perio, P., De Rosa, G., Dealtry, T., Debraine, A., Delagnes, E., Delbart, A., Densham, C., Di Lodovico, F., Di Luise, S., Tran, P. Dinh, Dobson, J., Doornbos, J., Dore, U., Drapier, O., Druillole, F., Dufour, F., Dumarchez, J., Durkin, T., Dytman, S., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, M., Ellison, B., Emery, S., Ereditato, A., Escallier, J. E., Escudero, L., Esposito, L. S., Faszer, W., Fechner, M., Ferrero, A., Finch, A., Fisher, C., Fitton, M., Flight, R., Forbush, D., Frank, E., Fransham, K., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, Y., Gallop, M., Galymov, V., Ganetis, G. L., Gannaway, F. C., Gaudin, A., Gaweda, J., Gendotti, A., George, M., Giffin, S., Giganti, C., Gilje, K., Giomataris, I., Giraud, J., Ghosh, A. K., Golan, T., Goldhaber, M., Gomez-Cadenas, J. J., Gomi, S., Gonin, M., Goyette, M., Grant, A., Grant, N., Grañena, F., Greenwood, S., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, P., Haigh, M. D., Hamano, K., Hansen, C., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hartfiel, B., Hartz, M., Haruyama, T., Hasanen, R., Hasegawa, T., Hastings, N. C., Hastings, S., Hatzikoutelis, A., Hayashi, K., Hayato, Y., Haycock, T. D. J., Hearty, C., Helmer, R. L., Henderson, R., Herlant, S., Higashi, N., Hignight, J., Hiraide, K., Hirose, E., Holeczek, J., Honkanen, N., Horikawa, S., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, A. K., Ieki, K., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, M., Ilic, J., Imber, J., Ishida, T., Ishihara, C., Ishii, T., Ives, S. J., Iwasaki, M., Iyogi, K., Izmaylov, A., Jamieson, B., Johnson, R. A., Joo, K. K., Jover-Manas, G., Jung, C. K., Kaji, H., Kajita, T., Kakuno, H., Kameda, J., Kaneyuki, K., Karlen, D., Kasami, K., Kasey, V., Kato, I., Kawamuko, H., Kearns, E., Kellet, L., Khabibullin, M., Khaleeq, M., Khan, N., Khotjantsev, A., Kielczewska, D., Kikawa, T., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. -B., Kimura, N., Kirby, B., Kisiel, J., Kitching, P., Kobayashi, T., Kogan, G., Koike, S., Komorowski, T., Konaka, A., Kormos, L. L., Korzenev, A., Koseki, K., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, Y., Kowalik, K., Kravtsov, V., Kreslo, I., Kropp, W., Kubo, H., Kubota, J., Kudenko, Y., Kulkarni, N., Kurchaninov, L., Kurimoto, Y., Kurjata, R., Kurosawa, Y., Kutter, T., Lagoda, J., Laihem, K., Langstaff, R., Laveder, M., Lawson, T. B., Le, P. T., Coguie, A. Le, Ross, M. Le, Lee, K. P., Lenckowski, M., Licciardi, C., Lim, I. T., Lindner, T., Litchfield, R. P., Longhin, A., Lopez, G. D., Lu, P., Ludovici, L., Lux, T., Macaire, M., Magaletti, L., Mahn, K., Makida, Y., Malafis, C. J., Malek, M., Manly, S., Marchionni, A., Mark, C., Marino, A. D., Marone, A. J., Marteau, J., Martin, J. F., Maruyama, T., Maryon, T., Marzec, J., Masliah, P., Mathie, E. L., Matsumura, C., Matsuoka, K., Matveev, V., Mavrokoridis, K., Mazzucato, E., McCauley, N., McFarland, K. S., McGrew, C., McLachlan, T., Mercer, I., Messina, M., Metcalf, W., Metelko, C., Mezzetto, M., Mijakowski, P., Miller, C. A., Minamino, A., Mineev, O., Mine, S., Minvielle, R. E., Mituka, G., Miura, M., Mizouchi, K., Mols, J. -P., Monfregola, L., Monmarthe, E., Moreau, F., Morgan, B., Moriyama, S., Morris, D., Muir, A., Murakami, A., Muratore, J. F., Murdoch, M., Murphy, S., Myslik, J., Nagashima, G., Nakadaira, T., Nakahata, M., Nakamoto, T., Nakamura, K., Nakayama, S., Nakaya, T., Naples, D., Nelson, B., Nicholls, T. C., Nishikawa, K., Nishino, H., Nitta, K., Nizery, F., Nowak, J. A., Noy, M., Obayashi, Y., Ogitsu, T., Ohhata, H., Okamura, T., Okumura, K., Okusawa, T., Ohlmann, C., Olchanski, K., Openshaw, R., Oser, S. M., Otani, M., Owen, R. A., Oyama, Y., Ozaki, T., Pac, M. Y., Palladino, V., Paolone, V., Paul, P., Payne, D., Pearce, G. F., Pearson, C., Perkin, J. D., Pfleger, M., Pierre, F., Pierrepont, D., Plonski, P., Poffenberger, P., Poplawska, E., Popov, B., Posiadala, M., Poutissou, J. -M., Poutissou, R., Preece, R., Przewlocki, P., Qian, W., Raaf, J. L., Radicioni, E., Ramos, K., Ratoff, P., Raufer, T. M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, M., Retiere, F., Richards, D., Ritou, J. -L., Robert, A., Rodrigues, P. A., Rondio, E., Roney, M., Rooney, M., Ross, D., Rossi, B., Roth, S., Rubbia, A., Ruterbories, D., Sacco, R., Sadler, S., Sakashita, K., Sanchez, F., Sarrat, A., Sasaki, K., Schaack, P., Schmidt, J., Scholberg, K., Schwehr, J., Scott, M., Scully, D. I., Seiya, Y., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiya, H., Sheffer, G., Shibata, M., Shimizu, Y., Shiozawa, M., Short, S., Siyad, M., Smith, D., Smith, R. J., Smy, M., Sobczyk, J., Sobel, H., Sooriyakumaran, S., Sorel, M., Spitz, J., Stahl, A., Stamoulis, P., Star, O., Statter, J., Stawnyczy, L., Steinmann, J., Steffens, J., Still, B., Stodulski, M., Stone, J., Strabel, C., Strauss, T., Sulej, R., Sutcliffe, P., Suzuki, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Swierblewski, J., Szeglowski, T., Szeptycka, M., Tacik, R., Tada, M., Tadepalli, A. S., Taguchi, M., Takahashi, S., Takeda, A., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, Y., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, K., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanimoto, N., Tashiro, K., Taylor, I. J., Terashima, A., Terhorst, D., Terri, R., Thompson, L. F., Thorley, A., Thorpe, M., Toki, W., Tomaru, T., Totsuka, Y., Touramanis, C., Tsukamoto, T., Tvaskis, V., Tzanov, M., Uchida, Y., Ueno, K., Usseglio, M., Vacheret, A., Vagins, M., Van Schalkwyk, J. F., Vanel, J. -C., Vasseur, G., Veledar, O., Vincent, P., Wachala, T., Waldron, A. V., Walter, C. W., Wanderer, P. J., Ward, M. A., Ward, G. P., Wark, D., Warner, D., Wascko, M. O., Weber, A., Wendell, R., Wendland, J., West, N., Whitehead, L. H., Wikström, G., Wilkes, R. J., Wilking, M. J., Williamson, Z., Wilson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wong, K., Wongjirad, T., Yamada, S., Yamada, Y., Yamamoto, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamanoi, Y., Yamaoka, H., Yanagisawa, C., Yano, T., Yen, S., Yershov, N., Yokoyama, M., Zalewska, A., Zalipska, J., Zaremba, K., Ziembicki, M., Zimmerman, E. D., Zito, M., and Zmuda, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle {\theta}_{13} by observing {\nu}_e appearance in a {\nu}_{\mu} beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, {\Delta}m^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2{\theta}_{23}, via {\nu}_{\mu} disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem., Comment: 33 pages, 32 figures, Submitted and accepted by NIM A. Editor: Prof. Chang Kee Jung, Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, chang.jung@sunysb.edu, 631-632-8108 Submit Edited to remove line numbers

Published
2011
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15. The design, construction and performance of the MICE scintillating fibre trackers

Author

Ellis, M., Hobson, P. R., Kyberd, P., Nebrensky, J. J., Bross, A., Fagan, J., Fitzpatrick, T., Flores, R., Kubinski, R., Krider, J., Rucinski, R., Rubinov, P., Tolian, C., Hart, T. L., Kaplan, D. M., Luebke, W., Freemire, B., Wojcik, M., Barber, G., Clark, D., Clark, I., Dornan, P. J., Fish, A., Greenwood, S., Hare, R., Jamdagni, A., Kasey, V., Khaleeq, M., Leaver, J., Long, K. R., McKigney, E., Matsushita, T., Rogers, C., Sashalmi, T., Savage, P., Takahashi, M., Tapper, A., Yoshimura, K., Cooke, P., Gamet, R., Sakamoto, H., Kuno, Y., Sato, A., Yano, T., Yoshida, M., MacWaters, C., Coney, L., Hanson, G., Klier, A., Cline, D., Yang, X., and Adey, D.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Charged-particle tracking in the international Muon Ionisation Cooling Experiment (MICE) will be performed using two solenoidal spectrometers, each instrumented with a tracking detector based on 350 {\mu}m diameter scintillating fibres. The design and construction of the trackers is described along with the quality-assurance procedures, photon-detection system, readout electronics, reconstruction and simulation software and the data-acquisition system. Finally, the performance of the MICE tracker, determined using cosmic rays, is presented., Comment: 43 pages, 38 figures

Published
2010
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17. Supplement Issue: Nitrogen utilization in ruminants – Relevance for future sustainable protein production

Author

Brugger, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-0335, Greenwood, S, Mutsvangwa, T, Titgemeyer, E, Brugger, D ( Daniel ), Greenwood, S ( S ), Mutsvangwa, T ( T ), Titgemeyer, E ( E ), Brugger, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-0335, Greenwood, S, Mutsvangwa, T, Titgemeyer, E, Brugger, D ( Daniel ), Greenwood, S ( S ), Mutsvangwa, T ( T ), and Titgemeyer, E ( E )

Published
2022

18. Additional file 2 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 2

Published
2023
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19. Additional file 1 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 1

Published
2023
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20. Additional file 5 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 5

Published
2023
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21. Additional file 6 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 6

Published
2023
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22. Additional file 3 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 3

Published
2023
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23. Additional file 4 of The effect of a novel, digital physical activity and emotional well-being intervention on health-related quality of life in people with chronic kidney disease: trial design and baseline data from a multicentre prospective, wait-list randomised controlled trial (kidney BEAM)

Author

Walklin, C. G, Young, Hannah M.L, Asghari, E, Bhandari, S, Billany, R. E, Bishop, N, Bramham, K, Briggs, J, Burton, J. O., Campbell, J, Castle, E. M, Chilcot, J, Cooper, N, Deelchand, V, Graham-Brown, M. P.M, Hamilton, A, Jesky, M, Kalra, P. A, Koufaki, P, McCafferty, K, Nixon, A. C, Noble, H, Saynor, Z. L., Sothinathan, C, Taal, M. W, Tollitt, J, Wheeler, D.C, Wilkinson, T. J, Macdonald, J.H, and Greenwood, S. A

Abstract

Supplementary Material 4

Published
2023
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27. A Framework for Inter-society Communication in Agents

Author

Abbasi, R., Mitchell, F., Greenwood, S., Goos, G., editor, Hartmanis, J., editor, van Leeuwen, J., editor, Carbonell, Jaime G., editor, Siekmann, Jörg, editor, Kowalczyk, Ryszard, editor, Müller, Jörg P., editor, Tianfield, Huaglory, editor, and Unland, Rainer, editor

Published
2003
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28. Global maps of soil temperature

Author

Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), van den Hoogen, J. (Johan), Aalto, J. (Juha), Ashcroft, M. B. (Michael B.), De Frenne, P. (Pieter), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Kopecky, M. (Martin), Luoto, M. (Miska), Maclean, I. M. (Ilya M. D.), Crowther, T. W. (Thomas W.), Bailey, J. J. (Joseph J.), Haesen, S. (Stef), Klinges, D. H. (David H.), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Scheffers, B. R. (Brett R.), Van Meerbeek, K. (Koenraad), Aartsma, P. (Peter), Abdalaze, O. (Otar), Abedi, M. (Mehdi), Aerts, R. (Rien), Ahmadian, N. (Negar), Ahrends, A. (Antje), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, J. M. (Jake M.), Allonsius, C. N. (Camille Nina), Altman, J. (Jan), Ammann, C. (Christof), Andres, C. (Christian), Andrews, C. (Christopher), Ardo, J. (Jonas), Arriga, N. (Nicola), Arzac, A. (Alberto), Aschero, V. (Valeria), Assis, R. L. (Rafael L.), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob Johann), Bader, M. Y. (Maaike Y.), Bahalkeh, K. (Khadijeh), Barancok, P. (Peter), Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C.), Barros, A. (Agustina), Barthel, M. (Matti), Basham, E. W. (Edmund W.), Bauters, M. (Marijn), Bazzichetto, M. (Manuele), Marchesini, L. B. (Luca Belelli), Bell, M. C. (Michael C.), Benavides, J. C. (Juan C.), Benito Alonso, J. L. (Jose Luis), Berauer, B. J. (Bernd J.), Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Bjorkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Bjornsdottir, K. (Katrin), Blonder, B. (Benjamin), Boeckx, P. (Pascal), Boike, J. (Julia), Bokhorst, S. (Stef), Brum, B. N. (Barbara N. S.), Bruna, J. (Josef), Buchmann, N. (Nina), Buysse, P. (Pauline), Camargo, J. L. (Jose Luis), Campoe, O. C. (Otavio C.), Candan, O. (Onur), Canessa, R. (Rafaella), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Carnicer, J. (Jofre), Casanova-Katny, A. (Angelica), Cesarz, S. (Simone), Chojnicki, B. (Bogdan), Choler, P. (Philippe), Chown, S. L. (Steven L.), Cifuentes, E. F. (Edgar F.), Ciliak, M. (Marek), Contador, T. (Tamara), Convey, P. (Peter), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cremonese, E. (Edoardo), Curasi, S. R. (Salvatore R.), Curtis, R. (Robin), Cutini, M. (Maurizio), Dahlberg, C. J. (C. Johan), Daskalova, G. N. (Gergana N.), Angel de Pablo, M. (Miguel), Della Chiesa, S. (Stefano), Dengler, J. (Juergen), Deronde, B. (Bart), Descombes, P. (Patrice), Di Cecco, V. (Valter), Di Musciano, M. (Michele), Dick, J. (Jan), Dimarco, R. D. (Romina D.), Dolezal, J. (Jiri), Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen), Dusek, J. (Jiri), Eisenhauer, N. (Nico), Eklundh, L. (Lars), Erickson, T. E. (Todd E.), Erschbamer, B. (Brigitta), Eugster, W. (Werner), Ewers, R. M. (Robert M.), Exton, D. A. (Dan A.), Fanin, N. (Nicolas), Fazlioglu, F. (Fatih), Feigenwinter, I. (Iris), Fenu, G. (Giuseppe), Ferlian, O. (Olga), Fernandez Calzado, M. R. (M. Rosa), Fernandez-Pascual, E. (Eduardo), Finckh, M. (Manfred), Higgens, R. F. (Rebecca Finger), Forte, T. G. (T'ai G. W.), Freeman, E. C. (Erika C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Fuentes-Lillo, E. (Eduardo), Garcia, R. A. (Rafael A.), Garcia, M. B. (Maria B.), Geron, C. (Charly), Gharun, M. (Mana), Ghosn, D. (Dany), Gigauri, K. (Khatuna), Gobin, A. (Anne), Goded, I. (Ignacio), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Gottschall, F. (Felix), Goulding, K. (Keith), Govaert, S. (Sanne), Graae, B. J. (Bente Jessen), Greenwood, S. (Sarah), Greiser, C. (Caroline), Grelle, A. (Achim), Guenard, B. (Benoit), Guglielmin, M. (Mauro), Guillemot, J. (Joannes), Haase, P. (Peter), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Halbritter, A. H. (Aud H.), Hamid, M. (Maroof), Hammerle, A. (Albin), Hampe, A. (Arndt), Haugum, S. V. (Siri, V), Hederova, L. (Lucia), Heinesch, B. (Bernard), Helfter, C. (Carole), Hepenstrick, D. (Daniel), Herberich, M. (Maximiliane), Herbst, M. (Mathias), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hik, D. S. (David S.), Hoffren, R. (Raul), Homeier, J. (Juergen), Hörtnagl, L. (Lukas), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Hrbacek, F. (Filip), Hylander, K. (Kristoffer), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jackowicz-Korczynski, M. A. (Marcin Antoni), Jactel, H. (Herve), Jarveoja, J. (Jarvi), Jastrzebowski, S. (Szymon), Jentsch, A. (Anke), Jimenez, J. J. (Juan J.), Jonsdottir, I. S. (Ingibjorg S.), Jucker, T. (Tommaso), Jump, A. S. (Alistair S.), Juszczak, R. (Radoslaw), Kanka, R. (Robert), Kaspar, V. (Vit), Kazakis, G. (George), Kelly, J. (Julia), Khuroo, A. A. (Anzar A.), Klemedtsson, L. (Leif), Klisz, M. (Marcin), Kljun, N. (Natascha), Knohl, A. (Alexander), Kobler, J. (Johannes), Kollar, J. (Jozef), Kotowska, M. M. (Martyna M.), Kovacs, B. (Bence), Kreyling, J. (Juergen), Lamprecht, A. (Andrea), Lang, S. I. (Simone, I), Larson, C. (Christian), Larson, K. (Keith), Laska, K. (Kamil), Maire, G. I. (Guerric Ie), Leihy, R. I. (Rachel, I), Lens, L. (Luc), Liljebladh, B. (Bengt), Lohila, A. (Annalea), Lorite, J. (Juan), Loubet, B. (Benjamin), Lynn, J. (Joshua), Macek, M. (Martin), Mackenzie, R. (Roy), Magliulo, E. (Enzo), Maier, R. (Regine), Malfasi, F. (Francesco), Malis, F. (Frantisek), Man, M. (Matej), Manca, G. (Giovanni), Manco, A. (Antonio), Manise, T. (Tanguy), Manolaki, P. (Paraskevi), Marciniak, F. (Felipe), Matula, R. (Radim), Clara Mazzolari, A. (Ana), Medinets, S. (Sergiy), Medinets, V. (Volodymyr), Meeussen, C. (Camille), Merinero, S. (Sonia), Guimaraes Mesquita, R. d. (Rita de Cassia), Meusburger, K. (Katrin), Meysman, F. J. (Filip J. R.), Michaletz, S. T. (Sean T.), Milbau, A. (Ann), Moiseev, D. (Dmitry), Moiseev, P. (Pavel), Mondoni, A. (Andrea), Monfries, R. (Ruth), Montagnani, L. (Leonardo), Moriana-Armendariz, M. (Mikel), di Cella, U. M. (Umberto Morra), Moersdorf, M. (Martin), Mosedale, J. R. (Jonathan R.), Muffler, L. (Lena), Munoz-Rojas, M. (Miriam), Myers, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Nagy, L. (Laszlo), Nardino, M. (Marianna), Naujokaitis-Lewis, I. (Ilona), Newling, E. (Emily), Nicklas, L. (Lena), Niedrist, G. (Georg), Niessner, A. (Armin), Nilsson, M. B. (Mats B.), Normand, S. (Signe), Nosetto, M. D. (Marcelo D.), Nouvellon, Y. (Yann), Nunez, M. A. (Martin A.), Ogaya, R. (Roma), Ogee, J. (Jerome), Okello, J. (Joseph), Olejnik, J. (Janusz), Olesen, J. E. (Jorgen Eivind), Opedal, O. H. (Oystein H.), Orsenigo, S. (Simone), Palaj, A. (Andrej), Pampuch, T. (Timo), Panov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Pärtel, M. (Meelis), Pastor, A. (Ada), Pauchard, A. (Aníbal), Pauli, H. (Harald), Pavelka, M. (Marian), Pearse, W. D. (William D.), Peichl, M. (Matthias), Pellissier, L. (Loïc), Penczykowski, R. M. (Rachel M.), Penuelas, J. (Josep), Petit Bon, M. (Matteo), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Phartyal, S. S. (Shyam S.), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Pio, C. (Casimiro), Pitacco, A. (Andrea), Pitteloud, C. (Camille), Plichta, R. (Roman), Porro, F. (Francesco), Portillo-Estrada, M. (Miguel), Poulenard, J. (Jérôme), Poyatos, R. (Rafael), Prokushkin, A. S. (Anatoly S.), Puchalka, R. (Radoslaw), Pușcaș, M. (Mihai), Radujković, D. (Dajana), Randall, K. (Krystal), Ratier Backes, A. (Amanda), Remmele, S. (Sabine), Remmers, W. (Wolfram), Renault, D. (David), Risch, A. C. (Anita C.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Robinson, S. A. (Sharon A.), Robroek, B. J. (Bjorn J. M.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian V.), Rossi, C. (Christian), Rossi, G. (Graziano), Roupsard, O. (Olivier), Rubtsov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Saccone, P. (Patrick), Sagot, C. (Clotilde), Sallo Bravo, J. (Jhonatan), Santos, C. C. (Cinthya C.), Sarneel, J. M. (Judith M.), Scharnweber, T. (Tobias), Schmeddes, J. (Jonas), Schmidt, M. (Marius), Scholten, T. (Thomas), Schuchardt, M. (Max), Schwartz, N. (Naomi), Scott, T. (Tony), Seeber, J. (Julia), Segalin De Andrade, A. C. (Ana Cristina), Seipel, T. (Tim), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Senior, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Serra-Diaz, J. M. (Josep M.), Sewerniak, P. (Piotr), Shekhar, A. (Ankit), Sidenko, N. V. (Nikita V.), Siebicke, L. (Lukas), Siegwart Collier, L. (Laura), Simpson, E. (Elizabeth), Siqueira, D. P. (David P.), Sitková, Z. (Zuzana), Six, J. (Johan), Smiljanic, M. (Marko), Smith, S. W. (Stuart W.), Smith-Tripp, S. (Sarah), Somers, B. (Ben), Sørensen, M. V. (Mia Vedel), Souza, J. J. (José João L. L.), Souza, B. I. (Bartolomeu Israel), Dias, A. S. (Arildo Souza), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James D. M.), Spicher, F. (Fabien), Stanisci, A. (Angela), Steinbauer, K. (Klaus), Steinbrecher, R. (Rainer), Steinwandter, M. (Michael), Stemkovski, M. (Michael), Stephan, J. G. (Jörg G.), Stiegler, C. (Christian), Stoll, S. (Stefan), Svátek, M. (Martin), Svoboda, M. (Miroslav), Tagesson, T. (Torbern), Tanentzap, A. J. (Andrew J.), Tanneberger, F. (Franziska), Theurillat, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Thomas, A. D. (Andrew D.), Tielbörger, K. (Katja), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Treier, U. A. (Urs Albert), Trouillier, M. (Mario), Turtureanu, P. D. (Pavel Dan), Tutton, R. (Rosamond), Tyystjärvi, V. A. (Vilna A.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Ujházy, K. (Karol), Ujházyová, M. (Mariana), Uogintas, D. (Domas), Urban, A. V. (Anastasiya V.), Urban, J. (Josef), Urbaniak, M. (Marek), Ursu, T.-M. (Tudor-Mihai), Vaccari, F. P. (Francesco Primo), Van De Vondel, S. (Stijn), Van Den Brink, L. (Liesbeth), Van Geel, M. (Maarten), Vandvik, V. (Vigdis), Vangansbeke, P. (Pieter), Varlagin, A. (Andrej), Veen, G. F. (G. F.), Veenendaal, E. (Elmar), Venn, S. E. (Susanna E.), Verbeeck, H. (Hans), Verbrugggen, E. (Erik), Verheijen, F. G. (Frank G. A.), Villar, L. (Luis), Vitale, L. (Luca), Vittoz, P. (Pascal), Vives-Ingla, M. (Maria), Von Oppen, J. (Jonathan), Walz, J. (Josefine), Wang, R. (Runxi), Wang, Y. (Yifeng), Way, R. G. (Robert G.), Wedegärtner, R. E. (Ronja E. M.), Weigel, R. (Robert), Wild, J. (Jan), Wilkinson, M. (Matthew), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wingate, L. (Lisa), Winkler, M. (Manuela), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Wohlfahrt, G. (Georg), Xenakis, G. (Georgios), Yang, Y. (Yan), Yu, Z. (Zicheng), Yu, K. (Kailiang), Zellweger, F. (Florian), Zhang, J. (Jian), Zhang, Z. (Zhaochen), Zhao, P. (Peng), Ziemblińska, K. (Klaudia), Zimmermann, R. (Reiner), Zong, S. (Shengwei), Zyryanov, V. I. (Viacheslav I.), Nijs, I. (Ivan), Lenoir, J. (Jonathan), Lembrechts, J. J. (Jonas J.), van den Hoogen, J. (Johan), Aalto, J. (Juha), Ashcroft, M. B. (Michael B.), De Frenne, P. (Pieter), Kemppinen, J. (Julia), Kopecky, M. (Martin), Luoto, M. (Miska), Maclean, I. M. (Ilya M. D.), Crowther, T. W. (Thomas W.), Bailey, J. J. (Joseph J.), Haesen, S. (Stef), Klinges, D. H. (David H.), Niittynen, P. (Pekka), Scheffers, B. R. (Brett R.), Van Meerbeek, K. (Koenraad), Aartsma, P. (Peter), Abdalaze, O. (Otar), Abedi, M. (Mehdi), Aerts, R. (Rien), Ahmadian, N. (Negar), Ahrends, A. (Antje), Alatalo, J. M. (Juha M.), Alexander, J. M. (Jake M.), Allonsius, C. N. (Camille Nina), Altman, J. (Jan), Ammann, C. (Christof), Andres, C. (Christian), Andrews, C. (Christopher), Ardo, J. (Jonas), Arriga, N. (Nicola), Arzac, A. (Alberto), Aschero, V. (Valeria), Assis, R. L. (Rafael L.), Assmann, J. J. (Jakob Johann), Bader, M. Y. (Maaike Y.), Bahalkeh, K. (Khadijeh), Barancok, P. (Peter), Barrio, I. C. (Isabel C.), Barros, A. (Agustina), Barthel, M. (Matti), Basham, E. W. (Edmund W.), Bauters, M. (Marijn), Bazzichetto, M. (Manuele), Marchesini, L. B. (Luca Belelli), Bell, M. C. (Michael C.), Benavides, J. C. (Juan C.), Benito Alonso, J. L. (Jose Luis), Berauer, B. J. (Bernd J.), Bjerke, J. W. (Jarle W.), Bjork, R. G. (Robert G.), Bjorkman, M. P. (Mats P.), Bjornsdottir, K. (Katrin), Blonder, B. (Benjamin), Boeckx, P. (Pascal), Boike, J. (Julia), Bokhorst, S. (Stef), Brum, B. N. (Barbara N. S.), Bruna, J. (Josef), Buchmann, N. (Nina), Buysse, P. (Pauline), Camargo, J. L. (Jose Luis), Campoe, O. C. (Otavio C.), Candan, O. (Onur), Canessa, R. (Rafaella), Cannone, N. (Nicoletta), Carbognani, M. (Michele), Carnicer, J. (Jofre), Casanova-Katny, A. (Angelica), Cesarz, S. (Simone), Chojnicki, B. (Bogdan), Choler, P. (Philippe), Chown, S. L. (Steven L.), Cifuentes, E. F. (Edgar F.), Ciliak, M. (Marek), Contador, T. (Tamara), Convey, P. (Peter), Cooper, E. J. (Elisabeth J.), Cremonese, E. (Edoardo), Curasi, S. R. (Salvatore R.), Curtis, R. (Robin), Cutini, M. (Maurizio), Dahlberg, C. J. (C. Johan), Daskalova, G. N. (Gergana N.), Angel de Pablo, M. (Miguel), Della Chiesa, S. (Stefano), Dengler, J. (Juergen), Deronde, B. (Bart), Descombes, P. (Patrice), Di Cecco, V. (Valter), Di Musciano, M. (Michele), Dick, J. (Jan), Dimarco, R. D. (Romina D.), Dolezal, J. (Jiri), Dorrepaal, E. (Ellen), Dusek, J. (Jiri), Eisenhauer, N. (Nico), Eklundh, L. (Lars), Erickson, T. E. (Todd E.), Erschbamer, B. (Brigitta), Eugster, W. (Werner), Ewers, R. M. (Robert M.), Exton, D. A. (Dan A.), Fanin, N. (Nicolas), Fazlioglu, F. (Fatih), Feigenwinter, I. (Iris), Fenu, G. (Giuseppe), Ferlian, O. (Olga), Fernandez Calzado, M. R. (M. Rosa), Fernandez-Pascual, E. (Eduardo), Finckh, M. (Manfred), Higgens, R. F. (Rebecca Finger), Forte, T. G. (T'ai G. W.), Freeman, E. C. (Erika C.), Frei, E. R. (Esther R.), Fuentes-Lillo, E. (Eduardo), Garcia, R. A. (Rafael A.), Garcia, M. B. (Maria B.), Geron, C. (Charly), Gharun, M. (Mana), Ghosn, D. (Dany), Gigauri, K. (Khatuna), Gobin, A. (Anne), Goded, I. (Ignacio), Goeckede, M. (Mathias), Gottschall, F. (Felix), Goulding, K. (Keith), Govaert, S. (Sanne), Graae, B. J. (Bente Jessen), Greenwood, S. (Sarah), Greiser, C. (Caroline), Grelle, A. (Achim), Guenard, B. (Benoit), Guglielmin, M. (Mauro), Guillemot, J. (Joannes), Haase, P. (Peter), Haider, S. (Sylvia), Halbritter, A. H. (Aud H.), Hamid, M. (Maroof), Hammerle, A. (Albin), Hampe, A. (Arndt), Haugum, S. V. (Siri, V), Hederova, L. (Lucia), Heinesch, B. (Bernard), Helfter, C. (Carole), Hepenstrick, D. (Daniel), Herberich, M. (Maximiliane), Herbst, M. (Mathias), Hermanutz, L. (Luise), Hik, D. S. (David S.), Hoffren, R. (Raul), Homeier, J. (Juergen), Hörtnagl, L. (Lukas), Hoye, T. T. (Toke T.), Hrbacek, F. (Filip), Hylander, K. (Kristoffer), Iwata, H. (Hiroki), Jackowicz-Korczynski, M. A. (Marcin Antoni), Jactel, H. (Herve), Jarveoja, J. (Jarvi), Jastrzebowski, S. (Szymon), Jentsch, A. (Anke), Jimenez, J. J. (Juan J.), Jonsdottir, I. S. (Ingibjorg S.), Jucker, T. (Tommaso), Jump, A. S. (Alistair S.), Juszczak, R. (Radoslaw), Kanka, R. (Robert), Kaspar, V. (Vit), Kazakis, G. (George), Kelly, J. (Julia), Khuroo, A. A. (Anzar A.), Klemedtsson, L. (Leif), Klisz, M. (Marcin), Kljun, N. (Natascha), Knohl, A. (Alexander), Kobler, J. (Johannes), Kollar, J. (Jozef), Kotowska, M. M. (Martyna M.), Kovacs, B. (Bence), Kreyling, J. (Juergen), Lamprecht, A. (Andrea), Lang, S. I. (Simone, I), Larson, C. (Christian), Larson, K. (Keith), Laska, K. (Kamil), Maire, G. I. (Guerric Ie), Leihy, R. I. (Rachel, I), Lens, L. (Luc), Liljebladh, B. (Bengt), Lohila, A. (Annalea), Lorite, J. (Juan), Loubet, B. (Benjamin), Lynn, J. (Joshua), Macek, M. (Martin), Mackenzie, R. (Roy), Magliulo, E. (Enzo), Maier, R. (Regine), Malfasi, F. (Francesco), Malis, F. (Frantisek), Man, M. (Matej), Manca, G. (Giovanni), Manco, A. (Antonio), Manise, T. (Tanguy), Manolaki, P. (Paraskevi), Marciniak, F. (Felipe), Matula, R. (Radim), Clara Mazzolari, A. (Ana), Medinets, S. (Sergiy), Medinets, V. (Volodymyr), Meeussen, C. (Camille), Merinero, S. (Sonia), Guimaraes Mesquita, R. d. (Rita de Cassia), Meusburger, K. (Katrin), Meysman, F. J. (Filip J. R.), Michaletz, S. T. (Sean T.), Milbau, A. (Ann), Moiseev, D. (Dmitry), Moiseev, P. (Pavel), Mondoni, A. (Andrea), Monfries, R. (Ruth), Montagnani, L. (Leonardo), Moriana-Armendariz, M. (Mikel), di Cella, U. M. (Umberto Morra), Moersdorf, M. (Martin), Mosedale, J. R. (Jonathan R.), Muffler, L. (Lena), Munoz-Rojas, M. (Miriam), Myers, J. A. (Jonathan A.), Myers-Smith, I. H. (Isla H.), Nagy, L. (Laszlo), Nardino, M. (Marianna), Naujokaitis-Lewis, I. (Ilona), Newling, E. (Emily), Nicklas, L. (Lena), Niedrist, G. (Georg), Niessner, A. (Armin), Nilsson, M. B. (Mats B.), Normand, S. (Signe), Nosetto, M. D. (Marcelo D.), Nouvellon, Y. (Yann), Nunez, M. A. (Martin A.), Ogaya, R. (Roma), Ogee, J. (Jerome), Okello, J. (Joseph), Olejnik, J. (Janusz), Olesen, J. E. (Jorgen Eivind), Opedal, O. H. (Oystein H.), Orsenigo, S. (Simone), Palaj, A. (Andrej), Pampuch, T. (Timo), Panov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Pärtel, M. (Meelis), Pastor, A. (Ada), Pauchard, A. (Aníbal), Pauli, H. (Harald), Pavelka, M. (Marian), Pearse, W. D. (William D.), Peichl, M. (Matthias), Pellissier, L. (Loïc), Penczykowski, R. M. (Rachel M.), Penuelas, J. (Josep), Petit Bon, M. (Matteo), Petraglia, A. (Alessandro), Phartyal, S. S. (Shyam S.), Phoenix, G. K. (Gareth K.), Pio, C. (Casimiro), Pitacco, A. (Andrea), Pitteloud, C. (Camille), Plichta, R. (Roman), Porro, F. (Francesco), Portillo-Estrada, M. (Miguel), Poulenard, J. (Jérôme), Poyatos, R. (Rafael), Prokushkin, A. S. (Anatoly S.), Puchalka, R. (Radoslaw), Pușcaș, M. (Mihai), Radujković, D. (Dajana), Randall, K. (Krystal), Ratier Backes, A. (Amanda), Remmele, S. (Sabine), Remmers, W. (Wolfram), Renault, D. (David), Risch, A. C. (Anita C.), Rixen, C. (Christian), Robinson, S. A. (Sharon A.), Robroek, B. J. (Bjorn J. M.), Rocha, A. V. (Adrian V.), Rossi, C. (Christian), Rossi, G. (Graziano), Roupsard, O. (Olivier), Rubtsov, A. V. (Alexey V.), Saccone, P. (Patrick), Sagot, C. (Clotilde), Sallo Bravo, J. (Jhonatan), Santos, C. C. (Cinthya C.), Sarneel, J. M. (Judith M.), Scharnweber, T. (Tobias), Schmeddes, J. (Jonas), Schmidt, M. (Marius), Scholten, T. (Thomas), Schuchardt, M. (Max), Schwartz, N. (Naomi), Scott, T. (Tony), Seeber, J. (Julia), Segalin De Andrade, A. C. (Ana Cristina), Seipel, T. (Tim), Semenchuk, P. (Philipp), Senior, R. A. (Rebecca A.), Serra-Diaz, J. M. (Josep M.), Sewerniak, P. (Piotr), Shekhar, A. (Ankit), Sidenko, N. V. (Nikita V.), Siebicke, L. (Lukas), Siegwart Collier, L. (Laura), Simpson, E. (Elizabeth), Siqueira, D. P. (David P.), Sitková, Z. (Zuzana), Six, J. (Johan), Smiljanic, M. (Marko), Smith, S. W. (Stuart W.), Smith-Tripp, S. (Sarah), Somers, B. (Ben), Sørensen, M. V. (Mia Vedel), Souza, J. J. (José João L. L.), Souza, B. I. (Bartolomeu Israel), Dias, A. S. (Arildo Souza), Spasojevic, M. J. (Marko J.), Speed, J. D. (James D. M.), Spicher, F. (Fabien), Stanisci, A. (Angela), Steinbauer, K. (Klaus), Steinbrecher, R. (Rainer), Steinwandter, M. (Michael), Stemkovski, M. (Michael), Stephan, J. G. (Jörg G.), Stiegler, C. (Christian), Stoll, S. (Stefan), Svátek, M. (Martin), Svoboda, M. (Miroslav), Tagesson, T. (Torbern), Tanentzap, A. J. (Andrew J.), Tanneberger, F. (Franziska), Theurillat, J.-P. (Jean-Paul), Thomas, H. J. (Haydn J. D.), Thomas, A. D. (Andrew D.), Tielbörger, K. (Katja), Tomaselli, M. (Marcello), Treier, U. A. (Urs Albert), Trouillier, M. (Mario), Turtureanu, P. D. (Pavel Dan), Tutton, R. (Rosamond), Tyystjärvi, V. A. (Vilna A.), Ueyama, M. (Masahito), Ujházy, K. (Karol), Ujházyová, M. (Mariana), Uogintas, D. (Domas), Urban, A. V. (Anastasiya V.), Urban, J. (Josef), Urbaniak, M. (Marek), Ursu, T.-M. (Tudor-Mihai), Vaccari, F. P. (Francesco Primo), Van De Vondel, S. (Stijn), Van Den Brink, L. (Liesbeth), Van Geel, M. (Maarten), Vandvik, V. (Vigdis), Vangansbeke, P. (Pieter), Varlagin, A. (Andrej), Veen, G. F. (G. F.), Veenendaal, E. (Elmar), Venn, S. E. (Susanna E.), Verbeeck, H. (Hans), Verbrugggen, E. (Erik), Verheijen, F. G. (Frank G. A.), Villar, L. (Luis), Vitale, L. (Luca), Vittoz, P. (Pascal), Vives-Ingla, M. (Maria), Von Oppen, J. (Jonathan), Walz, J. (Josefine), Wang, R. (Runxi), Wang, Y. (Yifeng), Way, R. G. (Robert G.), Wedegärtner, R. E. (Ronja E. M.), Weigel, R. (Robert), Wild, J. (Jan), Wilkinson, M. (Matthew), Wilmking, M. (Martin), Wingate, L. (Lisa), Winkler, M. (Manuela), Wipf, S. (Sonja), Wohlfahrt, G. (Georg), Xenakis, G. (Georgios), Yang, Y. (Yan), Yu, Z. (Zicheng), Yu, K. (Kailiang), Zellweger, F. (Florian), Zhang, J. (Jian), Zhang, Z. (Zhaochen), Zhao, P. (Peng), Ziemblińska, K. (Klaudia), Zimmermann, R. (Reiner), Zong, S. (Shengwei), Zyryanov, V. I. (Viacheslav I.), Nijs, I. (Ivan), and Lenoir, J. (Jonathan)

Abstract

Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km² resolution for 0‐5 and 5‐15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1‐km² pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world’s major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10° degrees C (mean = 3.0 +/‐ 2.1° degrees C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 +/‐2.3° degrees C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (‐0.7 +/‐ 2.3° degrees C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological

Published
2022

29. Editorial: Nitrogen utilisation in ruminants

Author

Nichols, K, Brugger, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-0335, Greenwood, S L, Mutsvangwa, T, Titgemeyer, E C, Nichols, K, Brugger, Daniel; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7267-0335, Greenwood, S L, Mutsvangwa, T, and Titgemeyer, E C

Published
2022

30. Dynamo constraints on the long-term evolution of Earth's magnetic field strength

Author

Davies, CJ, Bono, RK, Meduri, DG, Aubert, J, Greenwood, S, and Biggin, AJ

Abstract

Elucidating the processes in the liquid core that have produced observed palaeointensity changes over the last 3.5 Gyr is crucial for understanding the dynamics and long-term evolution of Earth’s deep interior. We combine numerical geodynamo simulations with theoretical scaling laws to investigate the variation of Earth’s magnetic field strength over geological time. Our approach follows the study of Aubert et al., adapted to include recent advances in numerical simulations, mineral physics and palaeomagnetism. We first compare the field strength within the dynamo region and on the core–mantle boundary (CMB) between a suite of 314 dynamo simulations and two power-based theoretical scaling laws. The scaling laws are both based on a Quasi-Geostropic (QG) force balance at leading order and a Magnetic, Archimedian, and Coriolis (MAC) balance at first order and differ in treating the characteristic length scale of the convection as fixed (QG-MAC-fixed) or determined as part of the solution (QG-MAC-free). When the data set is filtered to retain only simulations with magnetic to kinetic energy ratios greater than at least two we find that the internal field together with the root-mean-square and dipole CMB fields exhibit power-law behaviour that is compatible with both scalings within uncertainties arising from different heating modes and boundary conditions. However, while the extrapolated intensity based on the QG-MAC-free scaling matches Earth’s modern CMB field, the QG-MAC-fixed prediction shoots too high and also significantly overestimates palaeointensities over the last 3.5 Gyr. We combine the QG-MAC-free scaling with outputs from 275 realizations of core–mantle thermal evolution to construct synthetic true dipole moment (TDM) curves spanning the last 3.5 Gyr. Best-fitting TDMs reproduce binned PINT data during the Bruhnes and before inner core nucleation (ICN) within observational uncertainties, but PINT does not contain the predicted strong increase and subsequent high TDMs during the early stages of inner core growth. The best-fitting models are obtained for a present-day CMB heat flow of 11–16 TW, increasing to 17–22 TW at 4 Ga, and predict a minimum TDM at ICN.

Published
2022

32. Physical, cognitive, and mental health impacts of COVID-19 after hospitalisation (PHOSP-COVID): a UK multicentre, prospective cohort study

Author

Evans, Rachael A, primary, McAuley, Hamish, additional, Harrison, Ewen M, additional, Shikotra, Aarti, additional, Singapuri, Amisha, additional, Sereno, Marco, additional, Elneima, Omer, additional, Docherty, Annemarie B, additional, Lone, Nazir I, additional, Leavy, Olivia C, additional, Daines, Luke, additional, Baillie, J Kenneth, additional, Brown, Jeremy S, additional, Chalder, Trudie, additional, De Soyza, Anthony, additional, Diar Bakerly, Nawar, additional, Easom, Nicholas, additional, Geddes, John R, additional, Greening, Neil J, additional, Hart, Nick, additional, Heaney, Liam G, additional, Heller, Simon, additional, Howard, Luke, additional, Hurst, John R, additional, Jacob, Joseph, additional, Jenkins, R Gisli, additional, Jolley, Caroline, additional, Kerr, Steven, additional, Kon, Onn M, additional, Lewis, Keir, additional, Lord, Janet M, additional, McCann, Gerry P, additional, Neubauer, Stefan, additional, Openshaw, Peter J M, additional, Parekh, Dhruv, additional, Pfeffer, Paul, additional, Rahman, Najib M, additional, Raman, Betty, additional, Richardson, Matthew, additional, Rowland, Matthew, additional, Semple, Malcolm G, additional, Shah, Ajay M, additional, Singh, Sally J, additional, Sheikh, Aziz, additional, Thomas, David, additional, Toshner, Mark, additional, Chalmers, James D, additional, Ho, Ling-Pei, additional, Horsley, Alex, additional, Marks, Michael, additional, Poinasamy, Krisnah, additional, Wain, Louise V, additional, Brightling, Christopher E, additional, Abel, K, additional, Adamali, H, additional, Adeloye, D, additional, Adeyemi, O, additional, Adeyemi, F, additional, Ahmad, S, additional, Ahmed, R, additional, Ainsworth, M, additional, Alamoudi, A, additional, Aljaroof, M, additional, Allan, L, additional, Allen, R, additional, Alli, A, additional, Al-Sheklly, B, additional, Altmann, D, additional, Anderson, D, additional, Andrews, M, additional, Angyal, A, additional, Antoniades, C, additional, Arbane, G, additional, Armour, C, additional, Armstrong, N, additional, Armstrong, L, additional, Arnold, H, additional, Arnold, D, additional, Ashworth, M, additional, Ashworth, A, additional, Assefa-Kebede, H, additional, Atkin, P, additional, Atkins, H, additional, Atkins, A, additional, Aul, R, additional, Avram, C, additional, Baggott, R, additional, Baguley, D, additional, Baillie, J K, additional, Bain, S, additional, Bakali, M, additional, Bakau, M, additional, Baldry, E, additional, Baldwin, D, additional, Ballard, C, additional, Bambrough, J, additional, Barker, R E, additional, Barratt, S, additional, Barrett, F, additional, Basu, N, additional, Batterham, R, additional, Baxendale, H, additional, Bayes, H, additional, Bayley, M, additional, Beadsworth, M, additional, Beirne, P, additional, Bell, R, additional, Bell, D, additional, Berry, C, additional, Betts, S, additional, Bhui, K, additional, Bishop, L, additional, Blaikely, J, additional, Bloomfield, C, additional, Bloss, A, additional, Bolger, A, additional, Bolton, C E, additional, Bonnington, J, additional, Botkai, A, additional, Bourne, M, additional, Bourne, C, additional, Bradley, E, additional, Bramham, K, additional, Brear, L, additional, Breen, G, additional, Breeze, J, additional, Briggs, A, additional, Bright, E, additional, Brightling, C E, additional, Brill, S, additional, Brindle, K, additional, Broad, L, additional, Broome, M, additional, Brown, J S, additional, Brown, M, additional, Brown, J, additional, Brown, R, additional, Brown, V, additional, Brown, A, additional, Brugha, T, additional, Brunskill, N, additional, Buch, M, additional, Bularga, A, additional, Bullmore, E, additional, Burn, D, additional, Burns, G, additional, Busby, J, additional, Buttress, A, additional, Byrne, S, additional, Cairns, P, additional, Calder, P C, additional, Calvelo, E, additional, Card, B, additional, Carr, L, additional, Carson, G, additional, Carter, P, additional, Cavanagh, J, additional, Chalder, T, additional, Chalmers, J D, additional, Chambers, R C, additional, Channon, K, additional, Chapman, K, additional, Charalambou, A, additional, Chaudhuri, N, additional, Checkley, A, additional, Chen, J, additional, Chetham, L, additional, Chilvers, E R, additional, Chinoy, H, additional, Chong-James, K, additional, Choudhury, N, additional, Choudhury, G, additional, Chowdhury, P, additional, Chowienczyk, P, additional, Christie, C, additional, Clark, D, additional, Clark, C, additional, Clarke, J, additional, Clift, P, additional, Clohisey, S, additional, Coburn, Z, additional, Cole, J, additional, Coleman, C, additional, Connell, D, additional, Connolly, B, additional, Connor, L, additional, Cook, A, additional, Cooper, B, additional, Coupland, C, additional, Craig, T, additional, Crisp, P, additional, Cristiano, D, additional, Crooks, M G, additional, Cross, A, additional, Cruz, I, additional, Cullinan, P, additional, Daines, L, additional, Dalton, M, additional, Dark, P, additional, Dasgin, J, additional, David, A, additional, David, C, additional, Davies, M, additional, Davies, G, additional, Davies, K, additional, Davies, F, additional, Davies, G A, additional, Daynes, E, additional, De Silva, T, additional, De Soyza, A, additional, Deakin, B, additional, Deans, A, additional, Defres, S, additional, Dell, A, additional, Dempsey, K, additional, Dennis, J, additional, Dewar, A, additional, Dharmagunawardena, R, additional, Diar Bakerly, N, additional, Dipper, A, additional, Diver, S, additional, Diwanji, S N, additional, Dixon, M, additional, Djukanovic, R, additional, Dobson, H, additional, Dobson, C, additional, Dobson, S L, additional, Docherty, A B, additional, Donaldson, A, additional, Dong, T, additional, Dormand, N, additional, Dougherty, A, additional, Dowling, R, additional, Drain, S, additional, Dulawan, P, additional, Dunn, S, additional, Easom, N, additional, Echevarria, C, additional, Edwards, S, additional, Edwardson, C, additional, Elliott, B, additional, Elliott, A, additional, Ellis, Y, additional, Elmer, A, additional, Elneima, O, additional, Evans, R A, additional, Evans, J, additional, Evans, H, additional, Evans, D, additional, Evans, R I, additional, Evans, R, additional, Evans, T, additional, Fabbri, L, additional, Fairbairn, S, additional, Fairman, A, additional, Fallon, K, additional, Faluyi, D, additional, Favager, C, additional, Felton, T, additional, Finch, J, additional, Finney, S, additional, Fisher, H, additional, Fletcher, S, additional, Flockton, R, additional, Foote, D, additional, Ford, A, additional, Forton, D, additional, Francis, R, additional, Francis, S, additional, Francis, C, additional, Frankel, A, additional, Fraser, E, additional, Free, R, additional, French, N, additional, Fuld, J, additional, Furniss, J, additional, Garner, L, additional, Gautam, N, additional, Geddes, J R, additional, George, P M, additional, George, J, additional, Gibbons, M, additional, Gilmour, L, additional, Gleeson, F, additional, Glossop, J, additional, Glover, S, additional, Goodman, N, additional, Gooptu, B, additional, Gorsuch, T, additional, Gourlay, E, additional, Greenhaff, P, additional, Greenhalf, W, additional, Greenhalgh, A, additional, Greening, N J, additional, Greenwood, J, additional, Greenwood, S, additional, Gregory, R, additional, Grieve, D, additional, Gummadi, M, additional, Gupta, A, additional, Gurram, S, additional, Guthrie, E, additional, Hadley, K, additional, Haggar, A, additional, Hainey, K, additional, Haldar, P, additional, Hall, I, additional, Hall, L, additional, Halling-Brown, M, additional, Hamil, R, additional, Hanley, N A, additional, Hardwick, H, additional, Hardy, E, additional, Hargadon, B, additional, Harrington, K, additional, Harris, V, additional, Harrison, E M, additional, Harrison, P, additional, Hart, N, additional, Harvey, A, additional, Harvey, M, additional, Harvie, M, additional, Havinden-Williams, M, additional, Hawkes, J, additional, Hawkings, N, additional, Haworth, J, 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2021
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33. Many happy returns: combining insights from the environmental and behavioural sciences to understand what is required to make reusable packaging mainstream

Author

Greenwood, S., Walker, S., Baird, H.M., Parsons, R., Mehl, S., Webb, T.L., Slark, A.T., Ryan, A.J., and Rothman, R.H.

Abstract

The introduction of reusable packaging systems (both refill and return) has the potential to significantly reduce waste from single-use plastic packaging. However, for these schemes to be successful, both the environmental impact and the willingness of consumers to engage with such systems need to be carefully considered. This paper combines and discusses two complementary studies: (i) a life cycle assessment comparing the environmental impacts of single-use, refillable, and returnable containers for a takeaway meal, and (ii) a large online survey of UK adults exploring what types of product and packaging consumers are willing to reuse, how, and why. The findings of the life cycle assessment indicate that reusable containers outperform single-use plastic containers on most measures of environmental impact. The survey found that given the choice of disposal, reuse or recycling, that recycling is the preferred method of dealing with packaging once empty in the UK, and that people's decisions with regards to what types of packaging they are willing to reuse are largely driven by the aspects of the packaging itself (e.g., material and type) rather than the nature of the product inside of the packaging (e.g., state of matter of the contents). The survey also showed that people were more willing to engage in reuse systems with which they were already familiar. Additionally the language used to describe these schemes and the term ‘reuse’ needs to be considered. Combined, these factors can be used to determine the best packaging reuse system for a given product and situation.

Published
2021

40. Global maps of soil temperature

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Lembrechts, JJ, van den Hoogen, J, Aalto, J, Ashcroft, MB, De Frenne, P, Kemppinen, J, Kopecký, M, Luoto, M, Maclean, IMD, Crowther, TW, Bailey, JJ, Haesen, S, Klinges, DH, Niittynen, P, Scheffers, BR, Van Meerbeek, K, Aartsma, P, Abdalaze, O, Abedi, M, Aerts, R, Ahmadian, N, Ahrends, A, Alatalo, JM, Alexander, JM, Nina Allonsius, C, Altman, J, Ammann, C, Andres, C, Andrews, C, Ardö, J, Arriga, N, Arzac, A, Aschero, V, Assis, RL, Johann Assmann, J, Bader, MY, Bahalkeh, K, Barančok, P, Barrio, IC, Barros, A, Barthel, M, Basham, EW, Bauters, M, Bazzichetto, M, Belelli Marchesini, L, Bell, MC, Benavides, JC, Luis Benito Alonso, J, Berauer, BJ, Bjerke, JW, Björk, RG, Björkman, MP, Björnsdóttir, K, Blonder, B, Boeckx, P, Boike, J, Bokhorst, S, Brum, BNS, Brůna, J, Buchmann, N, Buysse, P, Luís Camargo, J, Campoe, OC, Candan, O, Canessa, R, Cannone, N, Carbognani, M, Carnicer, J, Casanova‐Katny, A, Cesarz, S, Chojnicki, B, Choler, P, Chown, SL, Cifuentes, EF, Čiliak, M, Contador, T, Convey, P, Cooper, EJ, Cremonese, E, Curasi, SR, Curtis, R, Cutini, M, Johan Dahlberg, C, Daskalova, GN, Angel de Pablo, M, Della Chiesa, S, Dengler, J, Deronde, B, Descombes, P, Di Cecco, V, Di Musciano, M, Dick, J, Dimarco, RD, Dolezal, J, Dorrepaal, E, Dušek, J, Eisenhauer, N, Eklundh, L, Erickson, TE, Erschbamer, B, Eugster, W, Ewers, RM, Exton, DA, Fanin, N, Fazlioglu, F, Feigenwinter, I, Fenu, G, Ferlian, O, Rosa Fernández Calzado, M, Fernández‐Pascual, E, Finckh, M, Finger Higgens, R, Forte, TGW, Freeman, EC, Frei, ER, Fuentes‐Lillo, E, García, RA, García, MB, Géron, C, Gharun, M, Ghosn, D, Gigauri, K, Gobin, A, Goded, I, Goeckede, M, Gottschall, F, Goulding, K, Govaert, S, Jessen Graae, B, Greenwood, S, Greiser, C, Grelle, A, Guénard, B, Guglielmin, M, Guillemot, J, Haase, P, Haider, S, Halbritter, AH, Hamid, M, Hammerle, A, Hampe, A, Haugum, SV, Hederová, L, Heinesch, B, Helfter, C, Hepenstrick, D, Herberich, M, Herbst, M, Hermanutz, L, Hik, DS, Hoffrén, R, Homeier, J, Hörtnagl, L, Høye, TT, Hrbacek, F, Hylander, K, Iwata, H, Antoni Jackowicz‐Korczynski, M, Jactel, H, Järveoja, J, Jastrzębowski, S, Jentsch, A, Jiménez, JJ, Jónsdóttir, IS, Jucker, T, Jump, AS, Juszczak, R, Kanka, R, Kašpar, V, Kazakis, G, Kelly, J, Khuroo, AA, Klemedtsson, L, Klisz, M, Kljun, N, Knohl, A, Kobler, J, Kollár, J, Kotowska, MM, Kovács, B, Kreyling, J, Lamprecht, A, Lang, SI, Larson, C, Larson, K, Laska, K, le Maire, G, Leihy, RI, Lens, L, Liljebladh, B, Lohila, A, Lorite, J, Loubet, B, Lynn, J, Macek, M, Mackenzie, R, Magliulo, E, Maier, R, Malfasi, F, Máliš, F, Man, M, Manca, G, Manco, A, Manise, T, Manolaki, P, Marciniak, F, Matula, R, Clara Mazzolari, A, Medinets, S, Medinets, V, Meeussen, C, Merinero, S, de Cássia Guimarães Mesquita, R, Meusburger, K, Meysman, FJR, Michaletz, ST, Milbau, A, Moiseev, D, Moiseev, P, Mondoni, A, Monfries, R, Montagnani, L, Moriana‐Armendariz, M, Morra di Cella, U, Mörsdorf, M, Mosedale, JR, Muffler, L, Muñoz‐Rojas, M, Myers, JA, Myers‐Smith, IH, Nagy, L, Nardino, M, Naujokaitis‐Lewis, I, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, L, Niedrist, G, Niessner, A, Nilsson, MB, Normand, S, Nosetto, MD, Nouvellon, Y, Nuñez, MA, Ogaya, R, Ogée, J, Okello, J, Olejnik, J, Eivind Olesen, J, Opedal, Ø, Orsenigo, S, Palaj, A, Pampuch, T, Panov, AV, Pärtel, M, Pastor, A, Pauchard, A, Pauli, H, Pavelka, M, Pearse, WD, Peichl, M, Pellissier, L, Penczykowski, RM, Penuelas, J, Petit Bon, M, Petraglia, A, Phartyal, SS, Phoenix, GK, Pio, C, Pitacco, A, Pitteloud, C, Plichta, R, Porro, F, Portillo‐Estrada, M, Poulenard, J, Poyatos, R, Prokushkin, AS, Puchalka, R, Pușcaș, M, Radujković, D, Randall, K, Ratier Backes, A, Remmele, S, Remmers, W, Renault, D, Risch, AC, Rixen, C, Robinson, SA, Robroek, BJM, Rocha, AV, Rossi, C, Rossi, G, Roupsard, O, Rubtsov, AV, Saccone, P, Sagot, C, Sallo Bravo, J, Santos, CC, Sarneel, JM, Scharnweber, T, Schmeddes, J, Schmidt, M, Scholten, T, Schuchardt, M, Schwartz, N, Scott, T, Seeber, J, Cristina Segalin de Andrade, A, Seipel, T, Semenchuk, P, Senior, RA, Serra‐Diaz, JM, Sewerniak, P, Shekhar, A, Sidenko, NV, Siebicke, L, Siegwart Collier, L, Simpson, E, Siqueira, DP, Sitková, Z, Six, J, Smiljanic, M, Smith, SW, Smith‐Tripp, S, Somers, B, Vedel Sørensen, M, João L. 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Seeber, J, Cristina Segalin de Andrade, A, Seipel, T, Semenchuk, P, Senior, RA, Serra‐Diaz, JM, Sewerniak, P, Shekhar, A, Sidenko, NV, Siebicke, L, Siegwart Collier, L, Simpson, E, Siqueira, DP, Sitková, Z, Six, J, Smiljanic, M, Smith, SW, Smith‐Tripp, S, Somers, B, Vedel Sørensen, M, João L. L. Souza, J, Israel Souza, B, Souza Dias, A, Spasojevic, MJ, Speed, JDM, Spicher, F, Stanisci, A, Steinbauer, K, Steinbrecher, R, Steinwandter, M, Stemkovski, M, Stephan, JG, Stiegler, C, Stoll, S, Svátek, M, Svoboda, M, Tagesson, T, Tanentzap, AJ, Tanneberger, F, Theurillat, J, Thomas, HJD, Thomas, AD, Tielbörger, K, Tomaselli, M, Albert Treier, U, Trouillier, M, Dan Turtureanu, P, Tutton, R, Tyystjärvi, VA, Ueyama, M, Ujházy, K, Ujházyová, M, Uogintas, D, Urban, AV, Urban, J, Urbaniak, M, Ursu, T, Primo Vaccari, F, Van de Vondel, S, van den Brink, L, Van Geel, M, Vandvik, V, Vangansbeke, P, Varlagin, A, Veen, GF, Veenendaal, E, Venn, Susanna, Verbeeck, H, Verbrugggen, E, Verheijen, FGA, Villar, L, Vitale, L, Vittoz, P, Vives‐Ingla, M, von Oppen, J, Walz, J, Wang, R, Wang, Y, Way, RG, Wedegärtner, REM, Weigel, R, Wild, J, Wilkinson, M, Wilmking, M, Wingate, L, Winkler, M, Wipf, S, Wohlfahrt, G, Xenakis, G, Yang, Y, Yu, Z, Yu, K, Zellweger, F, Zhang, J, Zhang, Z, Zhao, P, Ziemblińska, K, Zimmermann, R, Zong, S, Zyryanov, VI, Nijs, I, and Lenoir, J

Published
2021

41. Open Water Swimming Events, Social Capital And Sociality

Author

Greenwood, S, Fletcher, T, Greenwood, S, and Fletcher, T

Abstract

There is strong evidence to suggest that a connection exists between sports participation and the accumulation of social capital. Event research is also beginning to recognise that non-elite mass participation sport events can foster a sense of temporary casual sociality, community and camaraderie within the event space, and thus, create meaningful social impact for participants. Through analysis of data obtained via semi-structured interviews and surveys conducted with open water swimmers and observations undertaken at open water swimming events, this paper seeks to contribute to the small (but growing) body of empirical and case specific research on the social capital potential of mass participation sports events. We adopt Putnam’s notions of bonding and bridging social capital to interpret the social impact (if any) of open water swimming events on participants. It is the first of its kind to explicitly explore the social capital potential of open water swimming events in the UK. In so being it will develop ideas of whether social connections are temporary, delimited by the duration of the event, or whether they can endure outside of the event space as broader social networks and groups. We argue that events can facilitate meaningful social connections, and we analyse the durability of these social connections. Our data suggests that open water swimming events can facilitate casual social interactions with individuals from outside of already bonded groups, however evidence of bridging capital was less convincing, in that it tended to be associated with a certain type of event and where participants shared a particular identity.

Published
2021

42. CMOS Monolithic Active Pixel Sensors (MAPS): Developments and future outlook

Author

Turchetta, R., Fant, A., Gasiorek, P., Esbrand, C., Griffiths, J.A., Metaxas, M.G., Royle, G.J., Speller, R., Venanzi, C., van der Stelt, P.F., Verheij, H., Li, G., Theodoridis, S., Georgiou, H., Cavouras, D., Hall, G., Noy, M., Jones, J., Leaver, J., Machin, D., Greenwood, S., Khaleeq, M., Schulerud, H., Østby, J.M., Triantis, F., Asimidis, A., Bolanakis, D., Manthos, N., Longo, R., and Bergamaschi, A.

Published
2007
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43. Exercise versus usual care after non-reconstructive breast cancer surgery (UK PROSPER): multicentre randomised controlled trial and economic evaluation

Author

Bruce, Julie, Mazuquin, Bruno, Canaway, Alastair, Hossain, Anower, Williamson, Esther, Mistry, Pankaj, Lall, Ranjit, Petrou, Stavros, Lamb, Sarah E, Rees, Sophie, Padfield, Emma, Vidya, Raghavan, Thompson, Alastair M, Lait, C, Hegarty, C, van Laar, M, Harkin, C, Chowdhury, L, Richmond, H, Betteley, L, Srikesavan, C, Newman, M, Moser, J, Tomlins, A, McEvoy, K, Roy, P G, Soulsby, R, Hoar, F, McNicholas, JS, Azmy, I, Mitchell, S, Osborne, C, Donnelly, J, Babu, E, van de Ploeg, N, Sircar, T, Makam, K, McLoughlin, E, Noblet, M, Soumian, S, Thorne, A, Wagstaff, L, Fort, L, Rushton, C, Evans, M, Simpson, A, Ridgeway, L, Pilgrim, D, Graves, L, Jones, K, Holt, J, Ekers, N, McMullen, A, Lindsay, C, Wright, S, Bower, R, Horne, S, Rook, S, Redfern, N, Allen, A, Greenwood, S, Stephenson, A, Conway, R, Edley, C, Pitts, J, Layte, N, Thomas, H, Johnson, C, Heath, A, Beadle, L, Scarisbrick, R, DeBeer, D, Dungey, D, Stokes, Y, Calloway, S, Brown, H, Clarke, N, Daffern, C, Willis, A, Adjei, H, and Muthiah, C

Subjects
Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Psychological intervention, Breast Neoplasms, State Medicine, law.invention, RC0254, Disability Evaluation, Breast cancer, Randomized controlled trial, Behavior Therapy, law, Dash, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Mastectomy, Physical Therapy Modalities, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Intention-to-treat analysis, business.industry, Research, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, United Kingdom, Confidence interval, Exercise Therapy, Surgery, Treatment Outcome, Economic evaluation, Quality of Life, Female, business, RC
Abstract

Objective To evaluate whether a structured exercise programme improved functional and health related quality of life outcomes compared with usual care for women at high risk of upper limb disability after breast cancer surgery. Design Multicentre, pragmatic, superiority, randomised controlled trial with economic evaluation. Setting 17 UK National Health Service cancer centres. Participants 392 women undergoing breast cancer surgery, at risk of postoperative upper limb morbidity, randomised (1:1) to usual care with structured exercise (n=196) or usual care alone (n=196). Interventions Usual care (information leaflets) only or usual care plus a physiotherapy led exercise programme, incorporating stretching, strengthening, physical activity, and behavioural change techniques to support adherence to exercise, introduced at 7-10 days postoperatively, with two further appointments at one and three months. Main outcome measures Disability of Arm, Hand and Shoulder (DASH) questionnaire at 12 months, analysed by intention to treat. Secondary outcomes included DASH subscales, pain, complications, health related quality of life, and resource use, from a health and personal social services perspective. Results Between 26 January 2016 and 31 July 2017, 951 patients were screened and 392 (mean age 58.1 years) were randomly allocated, with 382 (97%) eligible for intention to treat analysis. 181 (95%) of 191 participants allocated to exercise attended at least one appointment. Upper limb function improved after exercise compared with usual care (mean DASH 16.3 (SD 17.6) for exercise (n=132); 23.7 (22.9) usual care (n=138); adjusted mean difference 7.81, 95% confidence interval 3.17 to 12.44; P=0.001). Secondary outcomes favoured exercise over usual care, with lower pain intensity at 12 months (adjusted mean difference on numerical rating scale −0.68, −1.23 to −0.12; P=0.02) and fewer arm disability symptoms at 12 months (adjusted mean difference on Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast+4 (FACT-B+4) −2.02, −3.11 to −0.93; P=0.001). No increase in complications, lymphoedema, or adverse events was noted in participants allocated to exercise. Exercise accrued lower costs per patient (on average −£387 (€457; $533) (95% confidence interval −£2491 to £1718; 2015 pricing) and was cost effective compared with usual care. Conclusions The PROSPER exercise programme was clinically effective and cost effective and reduced upper limb disability one year after breast cancer treatment in patients at risk of treatment related postoperative complications. Trial registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN35358984 .

Published
2021

46. The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) radioactivity and cleanliness control programs

Author

Akerib, D. S., primary, Akerlof, C. W., additional, Akimov, D. Yu., additional, Alquahtani, A., additional, Alsum, S. K., additional, Anderson, T. J., additional, Angelides, N., additional, Araújo, H. M., additional, Arbuckle, A., additional, Armstrong, J. E., additional, Arthurs, M., additional, Auyeung, H., additional, Aviles, S., additional, Bai, X., additional, Bailey, A. J., additional, Balajthy, J., additional, Balashov, S., additional, Bang, J., additional, Barry, M. J., additional, Bauer, D., additional, Bauer, P., additional, Baxter, A., additional, Belle, J., additional, Beltrame, P., additional, Bensinger, J., additional, Benson, T., additional, Bernard, E. P., additional, Bernstein, A., additional, Bhatti, A., additional, Biekert, A., additional, Biesiadzinski, T. P., additional, Birch, H. J., additional, Birrittella, B., additional, Boast, K. E., additional, Bolozdynya, A. I., additional, Boulton, E. M., additional, Boxer, B., additional, Bramante, R., additional, Branson, S., additional, Brás, P., additional, Breidenbach, M., additional, Brew, C. A. J., additional, Buckley, J. H., additional, Bugaev, V. V., additional, Bunker, R., additional, Burdin, S., additional, Busenitz, J. K., additional, Cabrita, R., additional, Campbell, J. S., additional, Carels, C., additional, Carlsmith, D. L., additional, Carlson, B., additional, Carmona-Benitez, M. C., additional, Cascella, M., additional, Chan, C., additional, Cherwinka, J. J., additional, Chiller, A. A., additional, Chiller, C., additional, Chott, N. I., additional, Cole, A., additional, Coleman, J., additional, Colling, D., additional, Conley, R. A., additional, Cottle, A., additional, Coughlen, R., additional, Cox, G., additional, Craddock, W. W., additional, Curran, D., additional, Currie, A., additional, Cutter, J. E., additional, da Cunha, J. P., additional, Dahl, C. E., additional, Dardin, S., additional, Dasu, S., additional, Davis, J., additional, Davison, T. J. R., additional, de Viveiros, L., additional, Decheine, N., additional, Dobi, A., additional, Dobson, J. E. Y., additional, Druszkiewicz, E., additional, Dushkin, A., additional, Edberg, T. K., additional, Edwards, W. R., additional, Edwards, B. N., additional, Edwards, J., additional, Elnimr, M. M., additional, Emmet, W. T., additional, Eriksen, S. R., additional, Faham, C. H., additional, Fan, A., additional, Fayer, S., additional, Fiorucci, S., additional, Flaecher, H., additional, Florang, I. M. Fogarty, additional, Ford, P., additional, Francis, V. B., additional, Fraser, E. D., additional, Froborg, F., additional, Fruth, T., additional, Gaitskell, R. J., additional, Gantos, N. J., additional, Garcia, D., additional, Gehman, V. M., additional, Gelfand, R., additional, Genovesi, J., additional, Gerhard, R. M., additional, Ghag, C., additional, Gibson, E., additional, Gilchriese, M. G. D., additional, Gokhale, S., additional, Gomber, B., additional, Gonda, T. G., additional, Greenall, A., additional, Greenwood, S., additional, Gregerson, G., additional, van der Grinten, M. G. D., additional, Gwilliam, C. B., additional, Hall, C. R., additional, Hamilton, D., additional, Hans, S., additional, Hanzel, K., additional, Harrington, T., additional, Harrison, A., additional, Harrison, J., additional, Hasselkus, C., additional, Haselschwardt, S. J., additional, Hemer, D., additional, Hertel, S. A., additional, Heise, J., additional, Hillbrand, S., additional, Hitchcock, O., additional, Hjemfelt, C., additional, Hoff, M. D., additional, Holbrook, B., additional, Holtom, E., additional, Hor, J. Y-K., additional, Horn, M., additional, Huang, D. Q., additional, Hurteau, T. W., additional, Ignarra, C. M., additional, Irving, M. N., additional, Jacobsen, R. G., additional, Jahangir, O., additional, Jeffery, S. N., additional, Ji, W., additional, Johnson, M., additional, Johnson, J., additional, Johnson, P., additional, Jones, W. G., additional, Kaboth, A. C., additional, Kamaha, A., additional, Kamdin, K., additional, Kasey, V., additional, Kazkaz, K., additional, Keefner, J., additional, Khaitan, D., additional, Khaleeq, M., additional, Khazov, A., additional, Khromov, A. V., additional, Khurana, I., additional, Kim, Y. D., additional, Kim, W. T., additional, Kocher, C. D., additional, Kodroff, D., additional, Konovalov, A. M., additional, Korley, L., additional, Korolkova, E. V., additional, Koyuncu, M., additional, Kras, J., additional, Kraus, H., additional, Kravitz, S. W., additional, Krebs, H. J., additional, Kreczko, L., additional, Krikler, B., additional, Kudryavtsev, V. A., additional, Kumpan, A. V., additional, Kyre, S., additional, Lambert, A. R., additional, Landerud, B., additional, Larsen, N. A., additional, Laundrie, A., additional, Leason, E. A., additional, Lee, H. S., additional, Lee, J., additional, Lee, C., additional, Lenardo, B. G., additional, Leonard, D. S., additional, Leonard, R., additional, Lesko, K. T., additional, Levy, C., additional, Li, J., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Liao, J., additional, Liao, F.-T., additional, Lin, J., additional, Lindote, A., additional, Linehan, R., additional, Lippincott, W. H., additional, Liu, R., additional, Liu, X., additional, Loniewski, C., additional, Lopes, M. I., additional, Lopez-Asamar, E., additional, Paredes, B. López, additional, Lorenzon, W., additional, Lucero, D., additional, Luitz, S., additional, Lyle, J. M., additional, Lynch, C., additional, Majewski, P. A., additional, Makkinje, J., additional, Malling, D. C., additional, Manalaysay, A., additional, Manenti, L., additional, Mannino, R. L., additional, Marangou, N., additional, Markley, D. J., additional, MarrLaundrie, P., additional, Martin, T. J., additional, Marzioni, M. F., additional, Maupin, C., additional, McConnell, C. T., additional, McKinsey, D. N., additional, McLaughlin, J., additional, Mei, D.-M., additional, Meng, Y., additional, Miller, E. H., additional, Minaker, Z. J., additional, Mizrachi, E., additional, Mock, J., additional, Molash, D., additional, Monte, A., additional, Monzani, M. E., additional, Morad, J. A., additional, Morrison, E., additional, Mount, B. J., additional, Murphy, A. St. J., additional, Naim, D., additional, Naylor, A., additional, Nedlik, C., additional, Nehrkorn, C., additional, Nelson, H. N., additional, Nesbit, J., additional, Neves, F., additional, Nikkel, J. A., additional, Nikoleyczik, J. A., additional, Nilima, A., additional, O’Dell, J., additional, Oh, H., additional, O’Neill, F. G., additional, O’Sullivan, K., additional, Olcina, I., additional, Olevitch, M. A., additional, Oliver-Mallory, K. C., additional, Oxborough, L., additional, Pagac, A., additional, Pagenkopf, D., additional, Pal, S., additional, Palladino, K. J., additional, Palmaccio, V. M., additional, Palmer, J., additional, Pangilinan, M., additional, Parveen, N., additional, Patton, S. J., additional, Pease, E. K., additional, Penning, B. P., additional, Pereira, G., additional, Pereira, C., additional, Peterson, I. B., additional, Piepke, A., additional, Pierson, S., additional, Powell, S., additional, Preece, R. M., additional, Pushkin, K., additional, Qie, Y., additional, Racine, M., additional, Ratcliff, B. N., additional, Reichenbacher, J., additional, Reichhart, L., additional, Rhyne, C. A., additional, Richards, A., additional, Riffard, Q., additional, Rischbieter, G. R. C., additional, Rodrigues, J. P., additional, Rose, H. J., additional, Rosero, R., additional, Rossiter, P., additional, Rucinski, R., additional, Rutherford, G., additional, Saba, J. S., additional, Sabarots, L., additional, Santone, D., additional, Sarychev, M., additional, Sazzad, A. B. M. R., additional, Schnee, R. W., additional, Schubnell, M., additional, Scovell, P. R., additional, Severson, M., additional, Seymour, D., additional, Shaw, S., additional, Shutt, G. W., additional, Shutt, T. A., additional, Silk, J. J., additional, Silva, C., additional, Skarpaas, K., additional, Skulski, W., additional, Smith, A. R., additional, Smith, R. J., additional, Smith, R. E., additional, So, J., additional, Solmaz, M., additional, Solovov, V. N., additional, Sorensen, P., additional, Sosnovtsev, V. V., additional, Stancu, I., additional, Stark, M. R., additional, Stephenson, S., additional, Stern, N., additional, Stevens, A., additional, Stiegler, T. M., additional, Stifter, K., additional, Studley, R., additional, Sumner, T. J., additional, Sundarnath, K., additional, Sutcliffe, P., additional, Swanson, N., additional, Szydagis, M., additional, Tan, M., additional, Taylor, W. C., additional, Taylor, R., additional, Taylor, D. J., additional, Temples, D., additional, Tennyson, B. P., additional, Terman, P. A., additional, Thomas, K. J., additional, Thomson, J. A., additional, Tiedt, D. R., additional, Timalsina, M., additional, To, W. H., additional, Tomás, A., additional, Tope, T. E., additional, Tripathi, M., additional, Tronstad, D. R., additional, Tull, C. E., additional, Turner, W., additional, Tvrznikova, L., additional, Utes, M., additional, Utku, U., additional, Uvarov, S., additional, Va’vra, J., additional, Vacheret, A., additional, Vaitkus, A., additional, Verbus, J. R., additional, Vietanen, T., additional, Voirin, E., additional, Vuosalo, C. O., additional, Walcott, S., additional, Waldron, W. L., additional, Walker, K., additional, Wang, J. J., additional, Wang, R., additional, Wang, L., additional, Wang, W., additional, Wang, Y., additional, Watson, J. R., additional, Migneault, J., additional, Weatherly, S., additional, Webb, R. C., additional, Wei, W.-Z., additional, While, M., additional, White, R. G., additional, White, J. T., additional, White, D. T., additional, Whitis, T. J., additional, Wisniewski, W. J., additional, Wilson, K., additional, Witherell, M. S., additional, Wolfs, F. L. H., additional, Wolfs, J. D., additional, Woodward, D., additional, Worm, S. D., additional, Xiang, X., additional, Xiao, Q., additional, Xu, J., additional, Yeh, M., additional, Yin, J., additional, Young, I., additional, Zhang, C., additional, and Zarzhitsky, P., additional

Published
2020
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