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Despite the high public health burden associated with human papilloma virus (HPV), vaccination rates among adolescents and young adults remain low due to several factors including vaccine hesitancy among individuals, parents/guardians, and physicians. This scoping review aimed to summarize the existing literature respective to barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccine receipt using a multi-level approach, with an emphasis on identifying relevant dissemination and implementation (D&I) frameworks. A literature search was conducted through January 18, 2022 to identify studies that were (1) published between 2005 and 2021, (2) written in the English language, (3) based in a primary care setting, and (4) collected data about multiple barriers and facilitators. Reviewers then assessed 128 full-text articles from the search for inclusion; 18 were included in the final review. The majority of studies examined individual and provider-level factors influencing HPV vaccine hesitancy, yet fail to consider systems-level factors. A provider's specialty, role, setting were identified as predictors for higher vaccine uptake. Patient or parent-level sociodemographic characteristics, vaccine knowledge, and parental values were observed as indicators of uptake. Logistical barriers to vaccine reception proved significant to both levels. None of the studies included in this review utilized a dissemination and implementation (D&I) framework. Future research in this area is needed to elucidate the interaction between such factors related the uptake of the HPV vaccine, as well as the influence of community and cultural factors in vaccine hesitancy.

We tend to overlook immigrant families in policy and program discussions related to the COVID-19 pandemic, yet they are some of the most vulnerable to the effects of this continuing crisis. This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrant families in an upper Midwest state. We interviewed 19 human and social service providers from agencies serving Somali, Latinx, and Karen (refugees from Burma/Myanmar) immigrant families between June and August 2020. Results analyzed for this paper focused on responses to questions asked about COVID-19-related financial and familial stress, and coping resources and constraints that providers were observing with their immigrant clients. Guided by the Family Adjustment and Adaptation Response Model (Patterson, 1988), we identified a pile-up of financial and relationship stressors including employment, housing, and family relationship strains, and resource access constraints. We found that job loss in already financially vulnerable immigrant families was particularly impactful. Housing insecurity soon followed. Immigrant families also faced significant constraints to resource access including lack of documentation, fear of making a mistake, language barriers, and lack of technology skills. We identified family and community resources that families used to meet demands, coping strategies, and glimmers of resilience. As we near the end of the pandemic, we urge family researchers to monitor long-term effects of the crisis on immigrant families. Findings can inform the creation of programs and policies that address immigrant family needs for resources and culturally relevant services to support their financial recovery post-COVID.