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A DNA collection of 239 Moscow and 62 SPB citizens has been investigated by means of a biochip for genotyping of Y-chromosome haplogroup markers: M130 (C), M145 (DE), P257 (G), M69 (H), U179 (I), M304 (J), M185 (L), M231 (N), M175 (0), P224 (R), L146 (R1a) and M343 (R1b). Haplogroup frequency distribution in populations native to Moscow and Saint-Petersburg has been obtained. Three subsamples varying in duration of residence (one, two or three generations) were compared. Increasing of J, G, R1b frequencies may be related to immigration from Caucasia and other regions.

Effects of the microwave radiation on the culture of Chlamydomonas actinochloris green flagellar alga in the stationary phase of growth are studied. After exposure to radiation at the maximum dose of 125 J/g, the cell functional state worsened but all the studied parameters were restored in 20 days and in the long run found to be even better than the control indices. The data are compared with the similar ones obtained earlier for the lag phase culture. The studied sample is found to be more resistant to the irradiation than the previous one.

Effect of the microwave irradiation on the subsequent development of the Chlamydomonas actinochloris culture is studied. The number of cells in the suspension was controlled and photoluminescence measurements were performed for 25 days to estimate the functional state of the cells. The exposure at a dose of 80 J/g is shown to negligibly affect the green alga, whereas the 122 J/g dose led to deterioration of the functional state and, thereafter, to the death of most cells. However, the survivors intensively developed, the culture restored the normal state for 20 days, reached and later even left behind the control sample in development.

The contact zone between Moscow and Western Dvina chromosomal races of common shrew Sorex araneus L. at the south of the Valdai Hights was traced over a distance of 20 km. Within this, close to parapatric, contact zone of chromosomal races the width of sympatry zone was about 500 m (the narrowest among currently known hybrid zones), and the proportion of hybrids was 24.3%. It was shown that in bimodal hybrid zones between chromosomal races of common shrew the width of sympatry zones varied from 0.5 to 13 km. This width does not correlate with the cytogenetic features of the hybrids, and seems to be determined by competitive relations between the races. The hybrid proportion is determined by the type of hybrid heterozygosity, and decreased in the race sympatry zone from 33-40 to 21.5-25.2%. The decrease of the hybrid proportion can be associated with the abnormal fertility of either the first generation, or the backcross hybrids.

Morphological and genetic variation at microsatellite loci of Caucasian shrew Sorex satunini Ogn. is examined and compared with that of the common shrew S. araneus L. Genetic distance at microsatellite loci between the common shrew and Caucasian shrew proved to be threefold higher than between chromosome races of the common shrew. The Caucasian shrew manifested low polymorphism in studies of both microsatellites and morphometric mandibular traits. The heterozygote deficit was also typical. These properties may be a consequence of partial isolation of the population and gene drift.

The variation of microsatellite loci in 130 individuals of four common shrew chromosome races (Moscow, Western Dvina, Seliger, and St. Petersburg) contacting on the Valdai Hills was studied. A low level of genetic differences between the chromosome races, which differ at three-five fixed diagnostic metacentric chromosomes, was found. The genetic differentiation within the races is more considerable as compared with that between the races. A high deficiency in heterozygotes was recorded; presumably, this is connected with regular variation in the population sizes. It is assumed that the fixation of centric chromosome fusions was supported by selection (drive) in the evolution of the common shrew against the background of a neutral evolution of the microsatellite loci.

The influence of microwave emission on the Vallisneria spiralis L. photoluminescence (PL) is studied. It is found that the irradiation leads to degradation of all the luminescence spectrum bands. It is shown that the influence on the chlorophyll PL at 715-735 and 800 nm is not limited by accompanied temperature effect. The degradation of PL has a temperature threshold at the thermal treatment. The 725 nm luminescence band of chlorophyll is shifted to short waves at both the irradiation and thermal treatment. The shift dependence from the irradiation dose and temperature is non-monotonous.

The method of physical simulation of agitation process is presented. In the course of simulation the imitation of viscous solution properties has been shown to contribute to approximation of the physical model of the agitation process occurring in the real conditions. Moreover, inadequate agitation influences the correctness of the results obtained in clinical biochemical tests of glucose and total bilirubin by using the automated device AB-1.