1. An S-warfarin and AZD1981 interaction: in vitro and clinical pilot data suggest the N-deacetylated amino acid metabolite as the primary perpetrator.
- Author
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Grime, Ken, Pehrson, Rikard, Nordell, Pär, Gillen, Michael, Kühn, Wolfgang, Mant, Timothy, Brännström, Marie, Svanberg, Petter, Jones, Barry, and Brealey, Clive
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DRUG therapy , *WARFARIN , *DEACETYLATION , *AMINO acid metabolism , *CYTOCHROME P-450 , *LIVER cells - Abstract
Aim AZD1981 is an orally bioavailable chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTh2) receptor antagonist progressed to phase II trials for the treatment of allergic asthma. Previously performed in vitro human hepatocyte incubations identified N-deacetylated AZD1981 as a primary metabolite. We report on metabolite exposure from a clinical excretion balance, on in vitro studies performed to determine the likelihood of a metabolite-dependent drug-drug interaction (DDI) and on a clinical warfarin DDI study. The aim was to demonstrate that N-deacetylated AZD1981 is responsible for the observed interaction. Methods The excretion and biotransformation of [14C]-AZD1981 were studied in healthy male volunteers, and subsequently in vitro cytochrome P450 (CYP) inhibition and hepatocyte uptake investigations were carried out with metabolites and the parent drug. A clinical DDI study using coadministered twice-daily 100 mg and 400 mg AZD1981 with 25 mg warfarin was performed. Results The excretion balance study showed N-deacetylated AZD1981 to be the most abundant metabolite present in plasma. In vitro data revealed the metabolite to be a weak CYP2C9 time-dependent inhibitor, subject to more active hepatic uptake than the parent molecule. Clinically, the S-warfarin area under the plasma concentration-time curve increased, on average, 1.4-fold [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.22, 1.50] and 2.4-fold (95% CI 2.11, 2.64) after 100 mg ( n = 13) and 400 mg ( n = 11) AZD1981 administration, respectively. In vitro CYP inhibition and hepatocyte uptake data were used to explain the interaction. Conclusions N-deacetylated AZD1981 can be added to the small list of drug metabolites reported as sole contributors to clinical drug-drug interactions, with weak time-dependent inhibition exacerbated by efficient hepatic uptake being the cause. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
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