27 results on '"Grosseman S"'
Search Results
2. Central adiposity in Brazilian schoolchildren aged 7–10 years
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de Assis, M. A. A., Rolland-Cachera, M. F., de Vasconcelos, F. A. G., Bellisle, F., Conde, W., Calvo, M. C. M., Luna, M. E. P., Ireton, M. J., and Grosseman, S.
- Published
- 2007
3. NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN 7 TO 9 YEAR OLD CHILDREN IN FLORIANOPOLIS (SOUTH BRAZIL)
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Assis, M. A.A., Grosseman, S., Vasconcelos, F. A.G., Barros, M., Luna, M. E.P., Pires, M. M., Bellisle, F., and Rolland-Cachera, M. F.
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- 2003
4. Saúde Bucal do Recém-Nascido na Maternidade: Expectativas de Puérperas e Profissionais da Saúde
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FIGUEIREDO, DR, primary, MATTEVI, GS, additional, GROSSEMAN, S, additional, MELLO, ALSF, additional, and RATH, IBS, additional
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- 2013
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5. Ethical problems in pediatrics: what does the setting of care and education show us?
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Guedert Jucélia and Grosseman Suely
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Medical philosophy. Medical ethics ,R723-726 - Abstract
Abstract Background Pediatrics ethics education should enhance medical students' skills to deal with ethical problems that may arise in the different settings of care. This study aimed to analyze the ethical problems experienced by physicians who have medical education and pediatric care responsibilities, and if those problems are associated to their workplace, medical specialty and area of clinical practice. Methods A self-applied semi-structured questionnaire was answered by 88 physicians with teaching and pediatric care responsibilities. Content analysis was performed to analyze the qualitative data. Poisson regression was used to explore the association of the categories of ethical problems reported with workplace and professional specialty and activity. Results 210 ethical problems were reported, grouped into five areas: physician-patient relationship, end-of-life care, health professional conducts, socioeconomic issues and health policies, and pediatric teaching. Doctors who worked in hospitals as well as general and subspecialist pediatricians reported fewer ethical problems related to socioeconomic issues and health policies than those who worked in Basic Health Units and who were family doctors. Conclusions Some ethical problems are specific to certain settings: those related to end-of-life care are more frequent in the hospital settings and those associated with socioeconomic issues and public health policies are more frequent in Basic Health Units. Other problems are present in all the setting of pediatric care and learning and include ethical problems related to physician-patient relationship, health professional conducts and the pediatric education process. These findings should be taken into consideration when planning the teaching of ethics in pediatrics. Trial registration This research article didn't reports the results of a controlled health care intervention. The study project was approved by the Institutional Ethical Review Committee (Report CEP-HIJG 032/2008).
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- 2012
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6. Applying the Generalizability Theory to Identify the Sources of Validity Evidence for the Quality of Communication Questionnaire.
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Del Castanhel F, Fonseca FR, Bonnassis Burg L, Maia Nogueira L, Rodrigues de Oliveira Filho G, and Grosseman S
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- Humans, Female, Male, Middle Aged, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Surveys and Questionnaires standards, Reproducibility of Results, Aged, Length of Stay statistics & numerical data, Professional-Family Relations, Family psychology, Terminal Care standards, Terminal Care psychology, Psychometrics, Communication, Physician-Patient Relations
- Abstract
Effective doctor-patient-family communication is an integral and sensitive part of health care, assessing its quality is essential to identify aspects needing disclosure and, if necessary, improvement. Cross-sectional study aimed to analyze the sources of evidence of validity and the number of participants needed to reliably apply the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QoC) through Generalizability Theory (GT). The mean age of the 150 patients hospitalized at the end of life was 50.5 (SD = 13.8) years, the mean hospital length of stay was 7.5 (SD = 10.2) days, 56.9% were male. Regarding the 105 patients' family members of patients whose mean length of hospital stay was 9.5 (SD = 9.1) days, their mean age was 42.2 (SD = 14.7) years, 69.5% were female. GT was used to quantify the minimum number of questionnaires needed, with the aim of reaching a reliable estimate of QoC with G-coefficients. To reach a reliability of .90, there is a need for 25 for the Eρ
2 questionnaires and 35 for the Φ. The exact estimation identified the minimum number of questionnaires required for the evaluation of physicians by patients. To obtain a reliability of .90, there is a need for 30 and 40 questionnaires for the G-coefficients. A practical and fast application makes it possible to use QoC in its entirety or alone to evaluate general communication or communication about palliative care. Furthermore, based on these results, it was possible to identify which aspects were effective or ineffective in these contexts., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.- Published
- 2024
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7. [In the final analysis, who is "problematic"? An integrative review of patients, physicians and problematic relationships].
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Cruvinel PVQ and Grosseman S
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- Child, Humans, Physician-Patient Relations, Communication, Emotions, Europe, Physicians
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The scope of this study was to assess the literature on the characteristics of patients, physicians, and physician-patient relationships considered 'problematic.' An integrative review of primary studies published between January 1, 2016, and September 30, 2021, in Portuguese, English and Spanish was conducted, Of the 3,414 papers identified in the PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Lilacs databases, 19 were selected for qualitative analysis. Seven studies were carried out in Europe, eight in North America, two in South America and two in China, totaling 1,694 patients, 1,903 assistant physicians, 101 residents and 160 medical academics. Physicians and academics considered the following to be problematic: patients with clinical conditions such as psychosomatic and chronic illnesses; symptoms and complaints such as pain; powerful emotions; problems in obtaining and sharing information, in decision-making, in the adherence to the therapeutic plan and in their self-care; and some sociodemographic and vulnerability characteristics. Among other aspects, patients, or their relatives, considered physicians to be problematic when they did not listen to them or appear to care about their children, Teaching medical communication and systemic interventions are recommended to improve physician-patient relationships.
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- 2023
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8. Adaptation of the Quality of Communication Questionnaire for Family Members and Its Validity Evidence for Use in Brazil.
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Del Castanhel F, Burg LB, Maia Nogueira L, Rodrigues de Oliveira Filho G, and Grosseman S
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- Humans, Brazil, Surveys and Questionnaires, Family, Communication, Patients
- Abstract
Assessment of communication between physicians and patients' family members is essential to improving healthcare quality. To adapt the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QoC) for family members and to analyze its validity evidence for use in Brazil. Data were collected between 2017 and 2019, with family members of patients in intensive care (IC) and palliative care (PC) from five public hospitals in the South Brazil. The QoC was adapted for family members for use in Brazil, and its cross-cultural adaptation was carried out. The clarity and cultural appropriateness of the pre-final version were evaluated by 30 family members of patients in IC. The final version was responded by 198 family members of patients. All items were considered clear, and appropriate to Brazilian culture. The goodness of fit index for proposed model had CFI 0.96 (CI95%: 0.94 - 0.98), TLI 0.95 (CI95%: 0.92 - 0.97), RMSEA 0.07 (CI90%: 0.06 - 0.08), and χ
2 /df 2.18. Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α) among family members of patients in PC was 0.88 for the general communication (first subscale) and 0.80 for the end-of-life communication (second subscale). However, among family members of patients in IC, α was 0.86 for the first subscale and only 0.53 for the second subscale. The QoC for family members and its cross-cultural adaptation were carried out successfully. It has strong validity evidence among those with loved ones in PC, but only the QoC general communication subscale has strong validity evidence among those with loved ones in IC.- Published
- 2023
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9. Communication in healthcare: experience of students and professionals from teaching- learning to practice in health.
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Novaes FPSS, Alves JGB, and Grosseman S
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- Humans, Cross-Sectional Studies, Curriculum, Communication, Delivery of Health Care, Teaching, Learning, Students
- Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to understand the teaching-learning experience in the Communication in Healthcare class among students, teaching assistants, and health professionals, as well as its applications to professional practice., Methods: This is a qualitative study with a theoretical approach based on Gadamer's Philosophical Hermeneutics and a methodological framework based on Minayo and Bardin's thematic content analysis. Communication in Healthcare is an elective multiprofessional class, which lasts one semester and is offered regularly. All former students (n = 368) were invited to participate by email, and 30 participated in these focus groups (13 students, 8 teaching assistants, and 9 health professionals). The online focus groups took place on an online platform, and they were video-recorded and subsequently transcribed. Through cross-sectional and vertical analysis, the main themes were identified., Results: The Communication in Healthcare class was an important step for personal, professional, and interprofessional formation and development of communication competence. The following dominant themes were identified: 1) motivation for signing up, 2) prior expectations, 3) meaning of the experience and shaping moments, 4) how the teaching-learning experience was retained and what was retained, 5) repercussions in relation to self, others, and professional life, and 6) reflections about the curriculum, interprofessional dialogue, and formation., Conclusions: The teaching-learning experience was important for the formation of communicational competence. This research contributes to medical education and opens teaching-learning paths for communication skills, empathy, dialogue, and interprofessionalism. Future studies with a philosophical hermeneutic framework and online focus groups are indicated for the comprehension of educational interventions in health.
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- 2023
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10. Needs of family members of patients in intensive care and their perception of medical communication.
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Cezar AG, Castanhel FD, and Grosseman S
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- Humans, Female, Middle Aged, Male, Critical Care, Marriage, Perception, Family, Communication
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Objective: To understand the perception of medical communication and needs of family members with loved ones in intensive care., Methods: The study was mainly qualitative and exploratory, with thematic analysis of comments made by 92 family members with loved ones in intensive care units when answering in-person interviews comprising the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QoC) and open-ended questions about their need for additional help, the appropriateness of the place where they received information, and additional comments., Results: The participants' mean age was 46.8 years (SD = 11.8), and most of them were female, married and had incomplete or completed elementary education. The following themes were found: perception of characteristics of medical communication; feelings generated by communication; considerations about specific questions in the QoC; family members' needs; and strategies to overcome needs regarding communication. Characteristics that facilitated communication included attention and listening. Characteristics that made communication difficult included aspects of information sharing, such as inaccessible language; lack of clarity, objectivity, sincerity, and agreement among the team; limited time; and inadequate location. Feelings such as shame, helplessness, and sadness were cited when communication was inadequate. Family members' needs related to communication included more details about the loved one's diagnosis, prognosis, and health condition; participation in decisionmaking; and being asked about feelings, spirituality, dying and death. Others were related to longer visitation time, psychological support, social assistance, and better infrastructure., Conclusion: It is necessary to enhance medical communication and improve hospital infrastructure to improve the quality of care for family members.
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- 2023
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11. The COVID-19 pandemic and teachers' work: perceptions of teachers from a public university in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.
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Matias AB, Falcão MTC, Grosseman S, Germani ACCG, and Silva ATCD
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- Humans, Brazil epidemiology, Universities, Faculty psychology, Pandemics, COVID-19
- Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic required the restructuring of educational models, including the rapid transition from face-to-face to remote education. The aim of this qualitative research was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on undergraduate professors' work and health at a public university in the state of São Paulo. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 17 undergraduate faculty of humanities, biological and exact sciences form August to September 2020. The interviews were recorded and transcribed. From the content analysis, four thematic categories emerged: (1) changes in the work routine and their impacts, including adjustment to remote work and the difficulties in establishing boundaries between work and their personal life; (2) changes in the dynamics between faculty and students and the possibility of rethinking teaching practice; (3) the relationship between faculty and the university with emphasis on the decision-making process, support for the transition to remote teaching, and concerns about the quality of teaching; and (4) anguish and fears related to the pandemic that added to the set of work-related stressors. Our findings showed that actions towards the communicational dynamics, as well as actions towards faculties' mental health should be implemented.
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- 2023
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12. Quality of Communication Questionnaire for Patients Hospitalized in Intensive and Palliative Care: Validity Evidence for Use in Brazil.
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Del Castanhel F, Burg L, Nogueira LM, Filho GRO, and Grosseman S
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- Brazil, Humans, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Communication, Palliative Care
- Abstract
The Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QoC) was culturally adapted for Brazil due to its importance and use in several studies and different scenarios. The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the QoC. A validation study was carried out involving 253 patients admitted to five public hospitals in Southern Brazil. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Cronbach's alpha (α) to assess internal consistency, exploratory factor analysis, and goodness-of-fit index. One hundred and three patients were in intensive care (IC), and 150 were in palliative care (PC). The participants' mean age was 51 years (SD = 14.2). QoC,and its general communication subscale, and end-of-life communication subscale means were 5.5 (SD = 1.6), 8.8 (SD = 1.5), and 5.5 (SD = 1.6) respectively. Among patients in IC, QoC Cronbach's alpha was .75, and .84 in the general communication subscale and .51 in the end-of-life communication subscale. Among patients in PC, QoC Cronbach's alpha was .83, and .88 in the general communication subscale, and .71 in the end-of-life communication subscale. The root mean square error of approximation was .07 (90% CI: .04 - .08); Tucker-Lewis index was .97 (95% CI: .95 - .98); comparative fit index was .98 (95% CI: .97 - .99), and χ
2 /df ratio was 1.33 (χ2 [53] = 70.858, p = .05). The authors conclude that the general communication subscale of QoC Brazilian version has good validity evidence for patients in IC and PC, whereas the end-of-life communication subscale is only valid for patient in PC.- Published
- 2022
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13. Patients' perception of medical communication and their needs during the stay in the intensive care unit.
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Corrêa M, Castanhel FD, and Grosseman S
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- Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Perception, Surveys and Questionnaires, Communication, Intensive Care Units
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Objective: To understand the perception of patients about medical communication as well as their needs during hospitalization in the intensive care unit., Methods: This study was cross-sectional descriptive and qualitative exploratory including 103 patients admitted to or recently discharged from the intensive care units of four hospitals in Greater Florianópolis, Santa Catarina state, Brazil. The patients' sociodemographic and clinical variables were studied, as were the score they gave to the quality of medical communication through the Quality of Communication Questionnaire and their spontaneous comments with reflections or justifications for the scores given, and their responses on how they felt and what complementary help they would have liked to receive. The quantitative data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics, and the qualitative data were analyzed by thematic content analysis., Results: The mean Quality of Communication Questionnaire score was 5.1 (standard deviation - SD = 1.3), with 8.6 (SD = 1.3) on the general communication subscale and 2.1 (SD = 1.8) on the end-of-life communication subscale. The patients had a variable understanding of medical language. Some physicians seemed to be "rushed", according to some patients. Other patients would like to receive more frequent and detailed information and/or be respected and taken "more seriously" when they reported pain. Anxiety, sadness, and fear were among the reported feelings. Other needs included silence, more time for visits, the presence of a companion, psychological and social-work care, a bathroom that they could use, and better food in the intensive care unit., Conclusion: The quality of medical communication with patients is good but could improve if physicians and the healthcare team had more time for patients. Other felt needs included respect, pain relief, and adjustments in the intensive care unit dynamics and environment.
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- 2021
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14. Media and scientific communication about the COVID-19 pandemic and the repercussions on the population's mental health: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Pimenta IDSF, de Sousa Mata ÁN, Braga LP, de Medeiros GCBS, de Azevedo KPM, Bezerra INM, de Oliveira Segundo VH, de França Nunes AC, Santos GM, Grosseman S, Nicolás IM, and Piuvezam G
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- Anxiety epidemiology, Depression epidemiology, Fear psychology, Humans, Pandemics, Research Design, SARS-CoV-2, Social Isolation, Stress, Psychological epidemiology, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Systematic Review as Topic, COVID-19 epidemiology, COVID-19 psychology, Health Communication methods, Mass Media statistics & numerical data, Mental Health statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Good communication strategies are essential in times of crisis, such as the coronavirus pandemic. The dissemination of inaccurate information and the need for social isolation to control coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have shown a negative impact on the population, causing damage to mental health, with the appearance or worsening of symptoms of stress, fear, anxiety, and depression. Thus, the systematic review study is intended to gather evidence on the impact of information about COVID-19 on the mental health of the population., Methods: This systematic review protocol is conducted using the guidelines of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses protocols and the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. The review aims to include published studies that address the exposure of the general population to information about COVID-19, through observational and experimental studies, which consider the following outcomes: fear, stress, anxiety, and depression. Thus, a comprehensive research strategy will be conducted in the following databases: PubMed / Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Science Direct, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL). Two independent reviewers will perform all procedures, such as study selection, data collection, and methodological evaluation. Disagreements will be forwarded to a third reviewer. RevMan 5.3 software will be used for data analysis., Results: This systematic review will provide evidence of the influence of access to and consumption of media and scientific information about COVID-19 on the mental health of the population. It will consider information about the characterization of the study and the population studied, clinical and epidemiological information on mental health, and data on access to and consumption of media and scientific information., Discussion: The results should inform about the consequences of communication about the new coronavirus on the emergence or worsening of psychological and psychiatric symptoms, allowing to develop strategies to achieve effective communication of information to promote the mental health of the population., Systematic Review Registration Number: PROSPERO CRD42020182918.
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- 2020
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15. Medical students' critical thinking assessment with collaborative concept maps in a blended educational Strategy.
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Silva Ezequiel OD, Cerrato Tibirica SH, Damasio Moutinho IL, Granero Lucchetti AL, Lucchetti G, Grosseman S, and Marcondes-Carvalho-Jr P
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- Brazil, Clinical Clerkship methods, Educational Measurement, Humans, Students, Medical psychology, Teaching, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Problem-Based Learning, Thinking
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Background: Concept maps (CMs) are tools used to represent how new knowledge is integrated into the cognitive structure. In this study, we investigated the role of collaborative CMs in improving medical students' critical thinking and knowledge acquisition., Methods: A pre-post interventional study was conducted. In the 1
st week of the clerkship rotation, a group of 10-14 students were asked by a faculty member to make a CM (CM1). After this first exposure (weeks 2/3), students learned the content through online forums. In the final week (week 4), students discussed what they had learned and made a final CM (CM2)., Results: A total of 104 students participated in the study, making twenty CM1 and twenty CM2. There was a statistically significant difference between CM1 and CM2 for overall scores, proposition units, and hierarchy units (P < 0.001)., Discussion: Collaborative CMs may be useful tools to help teachers better understand their students' critical thinking changes during a blended strategy., Competing Interests: None- Published
- 2019
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16. Communication skills teaching in Brazilian medical schools: What lessons can be learned?
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Liberali R, Novack D, Duke P, and Grosseman S
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- Brazil, Guideline Adherence, Humans, Schools, Medical, Surveys and Questionnaires, Teaching, Communication, Curriculum, Education, Medical organization & administration, Physician-Patient Relations
- Abstract
Objective: To assess current practices in communication skills (CS) teaching in Brazilian medical schools (MS), looking for similarities and differences with other countries., Methods: This study was performed with 162 out of the 237 accredited Brazilian MS (68.35%). The quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and qualitative data using content analysis., Results: 104 MS (64.2%) reported formal CS training. CS were more commonly taught in the pre-clinical years, by physicians and psychologists. Compared to other countries, Brazil was unique in offering training for "acolhimento" ("embracement"), which is a Brazilian Government strategy that requires that all those connected with healthcare delivery, from administrators to practitioners, and all allied health personnel "embrace" a dedication to caring for patients and the communities in which they live., Conclusions: Formal CS teaching in Brazilian MS is less frequently seen in MS curriculum compared to reported data from other countries. The CS teaching of "embracement" is unique to Brazil., Practice Implications: This study adds to the literature by identifying the CS teaching of "embracement" in Brazilian MS, which could be considered outside Brazil., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2018
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17. Quality of Communication Questionnaire for COPD patients receiving palliative care: translation and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil.
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Castanhel FD and Grosseman S
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- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Brazil, Communication, Cultural Characteristics, Female, Humans, Intensive Care Units, Language, Male, Middle Aged, Palliative Care, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive diagnosis, Young Adult, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Surveys and Questionnaires, Translations
- Abstract
Objective: To translate the Quality of Communication Questionnaire (QOC) to Portuguese and adapt it for use in Brazil in COPD patients receiving palliative care., Methods: After approval from the first author of the original QOC and the local research ethics committee, the original, 13-item version of the questionnaire was independently translated to Brazilian Portuguese by two Brazilian translators fluent in English. The two translations were analyzed by a bilingual physician and the two Brazilian translators, who reached a consensus and produced another Portuguese version of the QOC. That version was back-translated to English by two translators originally from English-speaking countries and fluent in Portuguese. In order to resolve any discrepancies, an expert panel compared the original version of the QOC with all five versions produced up to that point, the "prefinal" version of the QOC for use in Brazil being thus arrived at. A total of 32 patients admitted to any of three public hospital ICUs in the greater metropolitan area of Florianopolis, in southern Brazil, participated in the pretesting phase of the study, which was aimed at assessing the clarity and cultural acceptability of the prefinal version of the QOC for use in Brazil., Results: Mean patient age was 48.5 ± 18.8 years. Most of the items were well understood and accepted, being rated 8 or higher. One item, regarding death, was considered difficult to understand by the participants in the pretesting phase. After analyzing the back-translated version of the QOC, the first author of the original questionnaire requested that the items "Caring about you as a human being" and "Talking about what death might be like" be changed to "Caring about you as a person" and "Talking about how dying might be", respectively. The final version of the QOC for use in Brazil was thus arrived at., Conclusions: The QOC was successfully translated to Portuguese and adapted for use in Brazil.
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- 2017
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18. Empathy differences by gender and specialty preference in medical students: a study in Brazil.
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Santos MA, Grosseman S, Morelli TC, Giuliano IC, and Erdmann TR
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- Adult, Brazil epidemiology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Female, Humans, Male, Personality, Sex Factors, Surveys and Questionnaires, Young Adult, Career Choice, Empathy, Medicine statistics & numerical data, Students, Medical psychology, Students, Medical statistics & numerical data
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Objective: We have conducted this study to assess medical students' empathy and to examine empathy differences by students' socio-demographic characteristics, including gender, and specialty preference., Methods: We have conducted a cross-sectional and descriptive research. Among 595 medical students registered at the Federal University of Santa Catarina (Brazil) in 2012, we have selected a sample of 320 enrolled in the first, third, fifth, seventh, ninth, eleventh, and in the last semester of the course. The response rate obtained was 70.6% (n=226). Data was collected by using a self-report questionnaire, and the variables analyzed included course semester, socio-demographic characteristics (such as age, gender, household monthly income and parents level of education), students' specialty preference, and empathy assessed by the Jefferson Scale of Empathy. We have used descriptive statistics, 95% Confidence Interval for percentages, Student's t-test, and Analysis of Variance to analyze the data., Results: Mean empathy among students was (M=119.7, SD=9.9), with no difference by according to semester (F=1.5, p=.2). Empathy means were higher among females (M=118.3, SD=10.6) than among males (M=121.0, SD=9.3, t=-2.1, p=.032). Students who preferred a people-oriented specialty obtained significantly higher mean scores (M=121.5, SD=8.1) in comparison to students who preferred technology-oriented specialties (M=118.0, SD=11.3, t=2.4, p=.02)., Conclusions: Our study has found consistently high scores of empathy among medical students enrolled in all levels of training at the Federal University of Santa Catarina, and higher empathy among women and students who intend to pursue a people-oriented specialty. Conclusions on higher empathy among medical students require further study.
- Published
- 2016
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19. Flipped classroom on humanities: medicine, narrative and art.
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Grossman E, Grosseman S, Azevedo GD, Figueiró-Filho EA, and Mckinley D
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- Adolescent, Adolescent Development, Art, Brazil, Humanities, Humans, Simulation Training, Students, Medical psychology, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Empathy, Narration
- Published
- 2015
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20. How Do Medical Schools Identify and Remediate Professionalism Lapses in Medical Students? A Study of U.S. and Canadian Medical Schools.
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Ziring D, Danoff D, Grosseman S, Langer D, Esposito A, Jan MK, Rosenzweig S, and Novack D
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- Canada, Education, Medical, Undergraduate standards, Education, Medical, Undergraduate statistics & numerical data, Educational Measurement standards, Educational Measurement statistics & numerical data, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Mentors, Remedial Teaching standards, Remedial Teaching statistics & numerical data, Schools, Medical, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Educational Measurement methods, Professionalism education, Remedial Teaching methods, Students, Medical psychology
- Abstract
Purpose: Teaching and assessing professionalism is an essential element of medical education, mandated by accrediting bodies. Responding to a call for comprehensive research on remediation of student professionalism lapses, the authors explored current medical school policies and practices., Method: In 2012-2013, key administrators at U.S. and Canadian medical schools accredited by the Liaison Committee on Medical Education were interviewed via telephone or e-mail. The structured interview questionnaire contained open-ended and closed questions about practices for monitoring student professionalism, strategies for remediating lapses, and strengths and limitations of current systems. The authors employed a mixed-methods approach, using descriptive statistics and qualitative analysis based on grounded theory., Results: Ninety-three (60.8%) of 153 eligible schools participated. Most (74/93; 79.6%) had specific policies and processes regarding professionalism lapses. Student affairs deans and course/clerkship directors were typically responsible for remediation oversight. Approaches for identifying lapses included incident-based reporting and routine student evaluations. The most common remediation strategies reported by schools that had remediated lapses were mandated mental health evaluation (74/90; 82.2%), remediation assignments (66/90; 73.3%), and professionalism mentoring (66/90; 73.3%). System strengths included catching minor offenses early, emphasizing professionalism schoolwide, focusing on helping rather than punishing students, and assuring transparency and good communication. System weaknesses included reluctance to report (by students and faculty), lack of faculty training, unclear policies, and ineffective remediation. In addition, considerable variability in feedforward processes existed between schools., Conclusions: The identified strengths can be used in developing best practices until studies of the strategies' effectiveness are conducted.
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- 2015
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21. Preserving third year medical students' empathy and enhancing self-reflection using small group "virtual hangout" technology.
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Duke P, Grosseman S, Novack DH, and Rosenzweig S
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- Adaptation, Psychological, Curriculum, Humans, Internet, Peer Group, Professionalism, Resilience, Psychological, Stress, Psychological prevention & control, Stress, Psychological therapy, User-Computer Interface, Education, Distance methods, Education, Medical, Undergraduate methods, Empathy, Social Networking, Students, Medical psychology
- Abstract
Background: Medical student professionalism education is challenging in scope, purpose, and delivery, particularly in the clinical years when students in large universities are dispersed across multiple clinical sites. We initiated a faculty-facilitated, peer small group course for our third year students, creating virtual classrooms using social networking and online learning management system technologies. The course emphasized narrative self-reflection, group inquiry, and peer support., Methods: We conducted this study to analyze the effects of a professionalism course on third year medical students' empathy and self-reflection (two elements of professionalism) and their perceptions about the course. Students completed the Groningen Reflection Ability Scale (GRAS) and the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) before and after the course and provided anonymous online feedback., Results: The results of the JSE before and after the course demonstrated preservation of empathy rather than its decline. In addition, there was a statistically significant increase in GRAS scores (p < 0.001), suggesting that the sharing of personal narratives may foster reflective ability and reflective practice among third year students., Conclusion: This study supports previous findings showing that students benefit from peer groups and discussion in a safe environment, which may include the use of a virtual group video platform.
- Published
- 2015
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22. Residents' and standardized patients' perspectives on empathy: issues of agreement.
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Grosseman S, Novack DH, Duke P, Mennin S, Rosenzweig S, Davis TJ, and Hojat M
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- Adult, Family Practice education, Female, Humans, Internal Medicine education, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Outcome Assessment, Physicians, Clinical Competence, Communication, Empathy, Internship and Residency, Physician-Patient Relations
- Abstract
Objective: We investigated correlations between residents' scores on the Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE), residents' perceptions of their empathy during standardized-patient encounters, and the perceptions of standardized patients., Methods: Participants were 214 first-year residents in internal medicine or family medicine from 13 residency programs taking standardized patient-based clinical skills assessment in 2011. We analyzed correlations between residents' JSE scores; standardized patients' perspectives on residents' empathy during OSCE encounters, using the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy; and residents' perspectives on their own empathy, using a modified version of this scale., Results: Residents' JSE scores correlated with their perceptions of their own empathy during encounters but correlated poorly with patients' assessments of resident empathy., Conclusion: The poor correlation between residents' and standardized patients' assessments of residents' empathy raises questions about residents' abilities to gauge the effectiveness of their empathic communications. The study also points to a lack of congruence between the assessment of empathy by standardized patients and residents as receivers and conveyors of empathy, respectively., Practice Implications: This study adds to the literature on empathy as a teachable skill set and raises questions about use of OSCEs to assess trainee empathy., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Distance learning and conceptual maps during medical clerkships.
- Author
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Ezequiel O, Tibiriça S, Grosseman S, and Carvalho PM Jr
- Subjects
- Clinical Clerkship organization & administration, Curriculum, Education, Distance organization & administration, Humans, Teaching methods, Clinical Clerkship methods, Education, Distance methods
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Burnout syndrome among internship medical students.
- Author
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de Abreu Santos AT, Grosseman S, de Oliva Costa EF, and de Andrade TM
- Subjects
- Brazil, Data Collection, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Internship and Residency, Mental Disorders, Qualitative Research, Burnout, Professional epidemiology, Burnout, Professional prevention & control, Students, Medical psychology
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. [Practices and meanings of oral health: a qualitative study with mothers of children assisted at the Federal University of Santa Catarina].
- Author
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Robles AC, Grosseman S, and Bosco VL
- Subjects
- Adult, Brazil, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Mothers, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Oral Health
- Abstract
This research aimed to know oral health practices and meanings of mothers whose children were attended in the dental pediatric clinics of the Federal University of Santa Catarina. The qualitative method, case study, was used and data were collected by semi-structured interview. The studied population consisted of seven mothers that took their children to odontologic attendance at the university. It was observed that despite previous negative odontologic experiences, economic difficulties and pregnancy have also influenced those mothers to look for and adhere to dental care. The dental visits occurred, mostly, for curative assistance. The mothers took care of their children's teeth because it was considered a maternal responsibility, to prevent dental caries and their consequences, to avoid wasting money with expensive treatment and children's bad experiences with dentists. Mothers received information on the subject from dentists, doctors, nurses, schools, mass communication media and odontology students. Despite of their desire in taking care adequately of their children's health, those mothers don't always have favorable socio-economic conditions to put the obtained instructions into practice.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. [Use of complementary therapies by mothers in their children: study at an university hospital].
- Author
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Gentil LB, Robles AC, and Grosseman S
- Subjects
- Adult, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Hospitals, University, Humans, Complementary Therapies statistics & numerical data, Mothers
- Abstract
The objective of this article is to evaluate the use of complementary therapies by mothers in their children. A cross-sectional and descriptive study with 202 mothers of children that attended an University Hospital were interviewed. The variables analyzed were: use of complementary therapies/reasons, therapies used its purpose, effects, doctor's revelation/reasons and doctor's reaction. The prevalence of complementary therapies use was of 87.6%. Among the 177 mothers that used complementary therapies, many mentioned more than one kind, as follow: teas (72.8%), blessings (41%), sympathies (12.9%), homemade remedies/syrups (8.4%), prayer/promises (7.4%), homeopathy (4.0%), spiritual/parapsychological treatment (4.0%), mixture of unknown substances/"garrafada" (bottled) (3%), massage (2%) and reiki/floral (1.5%). The most used herbs were anise (16.7%), chamomile (14.8%) and mint (10.9%); 57.6% of the mothers did not inform its use to the doctor. Out of 499 treatments employed, there was a perception of improvement in 429 (86%) and 2 reports of adverse effects. The prevalence of complementary therapies utilization was high, being teas the most utilized therapy and anise, chamomile and mint the most used herbs. There was perception of improvement in most of the used therapies.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. [Satisfaction with dental care: qualitative study of the mothers of children treated at the Santa Catarina Federal University, Brazil].
- Author
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Robles AC, Grosseman S, and Bosco VL
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Brazil, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Qualitative Research, Consumer Behavior, Dental Care for Children standards, Mothers
- Abstract
This survey examines perceptions among mothers of the treatment provided through pediatric dentistry clinic at the Santa Catarina Federal University and their concept of the 'ideal' dentist, using the qualitative (case study) method. Collected through semi-structured interviews with seven mothers of children treated at this pediatric dentistry clinic, the data showed that these mothers felt the 'ideal' dentist should blend affective, psychomotor and cognitive abilities: enjoying his work; being attentive and friendly; providing clear information about oral health; resolving oral problems presented by patients; and keeping up-to-date. Interpersonal aspects were crucial factors for satisfaction with the treatment provided at the University, in addition to the technical skills of the students and easy appointments at the pediatric dentistry clinic. A better understanding of the relationship between dentist and patient is suggested, associating affective factors with cognitive and psychomotor aspects in dental practice routines.
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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