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1. Decoding the historical tale: COVID-19 impact on haematological malignancy patients—EPICOVIDEHA insights from 2020 to 2022

Author

Salmanton-Garcia, J., Marchesi, F., Farina, F., Weinbergerova, B., Itri, F., Davila-Valls, J., Martin-Perez, S., Glenthoj, A., Hersby, D. S., Gomes da Silva, M., Nunes Rodrigues, R., Lopez-Garcia, A., Cordoba, R., Bilgin, Y. M., Falces-Romero, I., El-Ashwah, S., Emarah, Z., Besson, C., Kohn, M., Van Doesum, J., Ammatuna, E., Marchetti, M., Labrador, J., Zambrotta, G. P. M., Verga, L., Jaksic, O., Nucci, M., Piukovics, K., Cabirta-Touzon, A., Jimenez, M., Arellano, E., Espigado, I., Blennow, O., Nordlander, A., Meers, S., van Praet, J., Aiello, T. F., Garcia-Vidal, C., Fracchiolla, N., Sciume, M., Seval, G. C., Zak, P., Buquicchio, C., Tascini, C., Grafe, S. K., Schonlein, M., Adzic-Vukicevic, T., Bonuomo, V., Cattaneo, C., Nizamuddin, S., Cernan, M., Plantefeve, G., Prin, R., Szotkovski, T., Collins, G. P., Dargenio, M., Petzer, V., Wolf, D., Colovic, N., Prezioso, L., Valkovic, T., Passamonti, F., Mendez, G. -A., Sili, U., Vena, A., Bavastro, M., Limongelli, A., Duarte, R. F., Ledoux, M. -P., Cvetanoski, M., Stojanoski, Z., Machado, M., Batinic, J., Magliano, G., Biernat, M. M., Pantic, N., Poulsen, C. B., Cuccaro, A., Del Principe, M. I., Kulasekararaj, A., Ormazabal-Velez, I., Busca, A., Demirkan, F., Ijaz, M., Klimko, N., Stoma, I., Khostelidi, S., Fernandez, N., Omrani, A. S., Bergantim, R., De Jonge, N., Fouquet, G., Navratil, M., Abu-Zeinah, G., Samarkos, M., Maertens, J., De Ramon, C., Guidetti, A., Magyari, F., Gonzalez-Lopez, T. J., Lahmer, T., Finizio, O., Ali, N., Pinczes, L. I., Lavilla-Rubira, E., Romano, A., Merelli, M., Delia, M., Calbacho, M., Meletiadis, J., Antic, D., Hernandez-Rivas, J. -A., Marques de Almeida, J., Al-Khabori, M., Hoenigl, M., Tisi, M. C., Khanna, N., Barac, A., Eisa, N., Di Blasi, R., Lievin, R., Miranda-Castillo, C., Bahr, N. C., Lamure, S., Papa, M. V., Yahya, A., Aujayeb, A., Novak, J., Erben, N., Fernandez-Galan, M., Ribera-Santa Susana, J. -M., Rinaldi, I., Fazzi, R., Piedimonte, M., Dulery, R., Gonzaga, Y., Soto-Silva, A., Sapienza, G., Serris, A., Drgona, Groh, A., Serrano, L., Gavriilaki, E., Tragiannidis, A., Prattes, J., Coppola, N., Otasevic, V., Mladenovic, M., Mitrovic, M., Miskovic, B., Jindra, P., Zompi, S., Sacchi, M. V., Krekeler, C., Infante, M. S., Garcia-Bordallo, D., Colak, G. M., Mayer, J., Nygaard, M., Hanakova, M., Racil, Z., Bonanni, Matteo, Koehler, P., Rahimli, L., Cornely, O. A., Pagano, Livio, Martin-Vallejo, F. J., Zdziarski, P., Zarrinfer, H., Wittig, J., Win, S., Wai-Man, V., Visek, B., Vinh, D. C., Vehreschild, M., Varricchio, G., Tsirigotis, P., Torres-Tienza, A., Tanase, A. D., Tafuri, A., Stamouli, M., Sramek, J., Soussain, C., Shirinova, A., Schubert, J., Schalk, E., Salehi, M. R., Saleh, M., Rosati, G., Roldan, E., Reizine, F., Rego, M., Regalado-Artamendi, I., Popova, M., Pinto, F., Philippe, L., Orth, H. M., Ommen, H. -B., Obr, A., Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, L., Noel, N., Neuhann, J., Nadali, G., Nacov, J. A., Munhoz Alburquerque, A. M., Mitra, M. E., Mikulska, M., Mellinghoff, S., Mechtel, B., Martin-Gonzalez, J. -A., Malak, S., Loureiro-Amigo, J., Lorenzo De La Pena, L., Liberti, G., Landau, M., Lacej, I., Kolditz, M., Kho, C. S., Khedr, R. A., Karthaus, M., Karlsson, L. K., Jimenez-Lorenzo, M. -J., Izuzquiza, M., Hoell-Neugebauer, B., Herbrecht, R., Heath, C. H., Guolo, F., Grothe, J., Giordano, A., Gerasymchuk, S., Garcia-Sanz, R., Garcia-Pouton, N., Funke, V. A. M., Fung, M., Flasshove, C., Fianchi, Luana, Essame, J., Egger, M., Drenou, B., Dragonetti, G., Desole, M., Della Pepa, R., Deau Fischer, B., De Kort, E., De Cabo, E., Danion, F., Daguindau, E., Cushion, T., Cremer, L., Criscuolo, Marianna, Cordini, G., Cingolani, Antonella, Ciceri, F., Chowdhury, F. R., Chelysheva, E., Chauchet, A., Chai, L. Y. A., Ceesay, M. M., Busch, E., Brehon, M., Borducchi, D. M. M., Booth, S., Bologna, S., Berg Venemyr, C., Bailen-Almorox, R., Antoniadou, A., Anastasopoulou, A. N., Altuntas, F., Bonanni M., Pagano L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8287-928X), Fianchi L., Criscuolo M., Cingolani A. (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755), Salmanton-Garcia, J., Marchesi, F., Farina, F., Weinbergerova, B., Itri, F., Davila-Valls, J., Martin-Perez, S., Glenthoj, A., Hersby, D. S., Gomes da Silva, M., Nunes Rodrigues, R., Lopez-Garcia, A., Cordoba, R., Bilgin, Y. M., Falces-Romero, I., El-Ashwah, S., Emarah, Z., Besson, C., Kohn, M., Van Doesum, J., Ammatuna, E., Marchetti, M., Labrador, J., Zambrotta, G. P. M., Verga, L., Jaksic, O., Nucci, M., Piukovics, K., Cabirta-Touzon, A., Jimenez, M., Arellano, E., Espigado, I., Blennow, O., Nordlander, A., Meers, S., van Praet, J., Aiello, T. F., Garcia-Vidal, C., Fracchiolla, N., Sciume, M., Seval, G. C., Zak, P., Buquicchio, C., Tascini, C., Grafe, S. K., Schonlein, M., Adzic-Vukicevic, T., Bonuomo, V., Cattaneo, C., Nizamuddin, S., Cernan, M., Plantefeve, G., Prin, R., Szotkovski, T., Collins, G. P., Dargenio, M., Petzer, V., Wolf, D., Colovic, N., Prezioso, L., Valkovic, T., Passamonti, F., Mendez, G. -A., Sili, U., Vena, A., Bavastro, M., Limongelli, A., Duarte, R. F., Ledoux, M. -P., Cvetanoski, M., Stojanoski, Z., Machado, M., Batinic, J., Magliano, G., Biernat, M. M., Pantic, N., Poulsen, C. B., Cuccaro, A., Del Principe, M. I., Kulasekararaj, A., Ormazabal-Velez, I., Busca, A., Demirkan, F., Ijaz, M., Klimko, N., Stoma, I., Khostelidi, S., Fernandez, N., Omrani, A. S., Bergantim, R., De Jonge, N., Fouquet, G., Navratil, M., Abu-Zeinah, G., Samarkos, M., Maertens, J., De Ramon, C., Guidetti, A., Magyari, F., Gonzalez-Lopez, T. J., Lahmer, T., Finizio, O., Ali, N., Pinczes, L. I., Lavilla-Rubira, E., Romano, A., Merelli, M., Delia, M., Calbacho, M., Meletiadis, J., Antic, D., Hernandez-Rivas, J. -A., Marques de Almeida, J., Al-Khabori, M., Hoenigl, M., Tisi, M. C., Khanna, N., Barac, A., Eisa, N., Di Blasi, R., Lievin, R., Miranda-Castillo, C., Bahr, N. C., Lamure, S., Papa, M. V., Yahya, A., Aujayeb, A., Novak, J., Erben, N., Fernandez-Galan, M., Ribera-Santa Susana, J. -M., Rinaldi, I., Fazzi, R., Piedimonte, M., Dulery, R., Gonzaga, Y., Soto-Silva, A., Sapienza, G., Serris, A., Drgona, Groh, A., Serrano, L., Gavriilaki, E., Tragiannidis, A., Prattes, J., Coppola, N., Otasevic, V., Mladenovic, M., Mitrovic, M., Miskovic, B., Jindra, P., Zompi, S., Sacchi, M. V., Krekeler, C., Infante, M. S., Garcia-Bordallo, D., Colak, G. M., Mayer, J., Nygaard, M., Hanakova, M., Racil, Z., Bonanni, Matteo, Koehler, P., Rahimli, L., Cornely, O. A., Pagano, Livio, Martin-Vallejo, F. J., Zdziarski, P., Zarrinfer, H., Wittig, J., Win, S., Wai-Man, V., Visek, B., Vinh, D. C., Vehreschild, M., Varricchio, G., Tsirigotis, P., Torres-Tienza, A., Tanase, A. D., Tafuri, A., Stamouli, M., Sramek, J., Soussain, C., Shirinova, A., Schubert, J., Schalk, E., Salehi, M. R., Saleh, M., Rosati, G., Roldan, E., Reizine, F., Rego, M., Regalado-Artamendi, I., Popova, M., Pinto, F., Philippe, L., Orth, H. M., Ommen, H. -B., Obr, A., Nunez-Martin-Buitrago, L., Noel, N., Neuhann, J., Nadali, G., Nacov, J. A., Munhoz Alburquerque, A. M., Mitra, M. E., Mikulska, M., Mellinghoff, S., Mechtel, B., Martin-Gonzalez, J. -A., Malak, S., Loureiro-Amigo, J., Lorenzo De La Pena, L., Liberti, G., Landau, M., Lacej, I., Kolditz, M., Kho, C. S., Khedr, R. A., Karthaus, M., Karlsson, L. K., Jimenez-Lorenzo, M. -J., Izuzquiza, M., Hoell-Neugebauer, B., Herbrecht, R., Heath, C. H., Guolo, F., Grothe, J., Giordano, A., Gerasymchuk, S., Garcia-Sanz, R., Garcia-Pouton, N., Funke, V. A. M., Fung, M., Flasshove, C., Fianchi, Luana, Essame, J., Egger, M., Drenou, B., Dragonetti, G., Desole, M., Della Pepa, R., Deau Fischer, B., De Kort, E., De Cabo, E., Danion, F., Daguindau, E., Cushion, T., Cremer, L., Criscuolo, Marianna, Cordini, G., Cingolani, Antonella, Ciceri, F., Chowdhury, F. R., Chelysheva, E., Chauchet, A., Chai, L. Y. A., Ceesay, M. M., Busch, E., Brehon, M., Borducchi, D. M. M., Booth, S., Bologna, S., Berg Venemyr, C., Bailen-Almorox, R., Antoniadou, A., Anastasopoulou, A. N., Altuntas, F., Bonanni M., Pagano L. (ORCID:0000-0001-8287-928X), Fianchi L., Criscuolo M., and Cingolani A. (ORCID:0000-0002-3793-2755)

Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic heightened risks for individuals with hematological malignancies due to compromised immune systems, leading to more severe outcomes and increased mortality. While interventions like vaccines, targeted antivirals, and monoclonal antibodies have been effective for the general population, their benefits for these patients may not be as pronounced. Methods: The EPICOVIDEHA registry (National Clinical Trials Identifier, NCT04733729) gathers COVID-19 data from hematological malignancy patients since the pandemic's start worldwide. It spans various global locations, allowing comprehensive analysis over the first three years (2020–2022). Findings: The EPICOVIDEHA registry collected data from January 2020 to December 2022, involving 8767 COVID-19 cases in hematological malignancy patients from 152 centers across 41 countries, with 42% being female. Over this period, there was a significant reduction in critical infections and an overall decrease in mortality from 29% to 4%. However, hospitalization, particularly in the ICU, remained associated with higher mortality rates. Factors contributing to increased mortality included age, multiple comorbidities, active malignancy at COVID-19 onset, pulmonary symptoms, and hospitalization. On the positive side, vaccination with one to two doses or three or more doses, as well as encountering COVID-19 in 2022, were associated with improved survival. Interpretation: Patients with hematological malignancies still face elevated risks, despite reductions in critical infections and overall mortality rates over time. Hospitalization, especially in ICUs, remains a significant concern. The study underscores the importance of vaccination and the timing of COVID-19 exposure in 2022 for enhanced survival in this patient group. Ongoing monitoring and targeted interventions are essential to support this vulnerable population, emphasizing the critical role of timely diagnosis and prompt treatment in preventing severe

Published
2024

3. Breakthrough COVID-19 in vaccinated patients with hematologic malignancies: results from the EPICOVIDEHA survey

Author

Pagano, Livio, Salmanton-Garcia, J., Marchesi, F., Blennow, O., Gomes da Silva, M., Glenthoj, A., van Doesum, J., Bilgin, Y. M., Lopez-Garcia, A., Itri, F., Nunes Rodrigues, R., Weinbergerova, B., Farina, F., Dragonetti, Giulia, Berg Venemyr, C., van Praet, J., Jaksic, O., Valkovic, T., Falces-Romero, I., Martin-Perez, S., Jimenez, M., Davila-Valls, J., Schonlein, M., Ammatuna, E., Meers, S., Delia, M., Stojanoski, Z., Nordlander, A., Lahmer, T., Imre Pinczes, L., Buquicchio, C., Piukovics, K., Ormazabal-Velez, I., Fracchiolla, N., Samarkos, M., Mendez, G. -A., Hernandez-Rivas, J. -A., Espigado, I., Cernan, M., Petzer, V., Lamure, S., di Blasi, R., Marques de Almedia, J., Dargenio, M., Biernat, M. M., Sciume, M., de Ramon, C., de Jonge, N., Batinic, J., Aujayeb, A., Marchetti, M., Fouquet, G., Fernandez, N., Zambrotta, G., Sacchi, M. V., Guidetti, A., Demirkan, F., Prezioso, L., Racil, Z., Nucci, M., Mladenovic, M., Lievin, R., Hanakova, M., Grafe, S., Sili, U., Machado, M., Cattaneo, C., Adzic-Vukicevic, T., Verga, L., Labrador, J., Rahimli, L., Bonanni, Matteo, Passamonti, F., Pagliuca, A., Corradini, P., Hoenigl, M., Koehler, P., Busca, A., Cornely, O. A., Serrano, L., Ribera-Santa Susana, J. -M., Meletiadis, J., Tsirigotis, P., Coppola, N., Mikulska, M., Erben, N., Besson, C., Merelli, M., Gonzalez-Lopez, T. -J., Loureiro-Amigo, J., Garcia-Vidal, C., Kort, E. D., Cuccaro, A., Zompi, S., Reizine, F., Finizio, O., Dulery, R., Calbacho, M., Abu-Zeinah, G., Malak, S., Zdziarski, P., Varrichio, G., Tragiannidis, A., Plantefeve, G., Duarte, R., Danion, F., Tisi, M. C., Sakellari, I., Karthaus, M., Groh, A., Fung, M., Emarah, Z., Coronel-Ayala, O. -F., Ann Chai, L. Y., Brehon, M., Bonuomo, V., Wolf, D., Wittig, J., Vehreschild, M., Papa, M. V., Neuhann, J., Jimenez-Lorenzo, M. -J., Grothe, J., Gavriilaki, E., Garcia-Sanz, R., Garcia-Pouton, N., El-Ashwah, S. S., Eggerer, M., Cordoba, R., Colak, G. M., Arellano, E., Hematology, Pagano L., Salmanton-García J., Marchesi F., Blennow O., Gomes da Silva M., Glenthøj A., van Doesum J., Bilgin Y. M. , López-García A., Itri F., et al., and Gilead Sciences

Subjects
Internal Diseases, Clinical Trials and Observations, CELL BIOLOGY, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Sağlık Bilimleri, Fundamental Medical Sciences, Biochemistry, İç Hastalıkları, Clinical Medicine (MED), COVID-19 Testing, BİYOKİMYA VE MOLEKÜLER BİYOLOJİ, Biyokimya, Monoclonal, Klinik Tıp (MED), 03.02. Klinikai orvostan, Viral, Lung, Cancer, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Interna medicina, Lymphoid Neoplasia, Myeloid Neoplasia, Klinik Tıp, Hücre Biyolojisi, Temel Bilimler, HEMATOLOJİ, Life Sciences, HÜCRE BİYOLOJİSİ, Tıp, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY & GENETICS, Infectious Diseases, Hematologic Neoplasms, Medicine, Natural Sciences, Infection, BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOMEDICINA I ZDRAVSTVO. Kliničke medicinske znanosti. Infektologija, Sitogenetik, Biotechnology, Adult, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Temel Tıp Bilimleri, Histoloji-Embriyoloji, Life Sciences (LIFE), Molecular Biology and Genetics, Antiviral Agents, Antibodies, Vaccine Related, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, HEMATOLOGY, Biodefense, Yaşam Bilimleri, Health Sciences, Humans, CVOID19, Cytogenetic, Free Research Articles, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Internal Medicine, Moleküler Biyoloji ve Genetik, Internal Medicine Sciences, İmmünoloji, SARS-CoV-2, Histology and Embryology, Prevention, COVID-19, Dahili Tıp Bilimleri, CLINICAL MEDICINE, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE. Clinical Medical Sciences. Infectology, Settore MED/15 - MALATTIE DEL SANGUE, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, Yaşam Bilimleri (LIFE), Hematoloji, Immunization
Abstract

Limited data are available on breakthrough COVID-19 in patients with hematologic malignancy (HM) after anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination. Adult patients with HM, ≥1 dose of anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, and breakthrough COVID-19 between January 2021 and March 2022 were analyzed. A total of 1548 cases were included, mainly lymphoid malignancies (1181 cases, 76%). After viral sequencing in 753 cases (49%), the Omicron variant was prevalent (517, 68.7%). Most of the patients received ≤2 vaccine doses before COVID-19 (1419, 91%), mostly mRNA-based (1377, 89%). Overall, 906 patients (59%) received COVID-19-specific treatment. After 30-day follow-up from COVID-19 diagnosis, 143 patients (9%) died. The mortality rate in patients with the Omicron variant was 7.9%, comparable to other variants, with a significantly lower 30-day mortality rate than in the prevaccine era (31%). In the univariable analysis, older age (P < .001), active HM (P < .001), and severe and critical COVID-19 (P = .007 and P < .001, respectively) were associated with mortality. Conversely, patients receiving monoclonal antibodies, even for severe or critical COVID-19, had a lower mortality rate (P < .001). In the multivariable model, older age, active disease, critical COVID-19, and 2-3 comorbidities were correlated with a higher mortality, whereas monoclonal antibody administration, alone (P < .001) or combined with antivirals (P = .009), was protective. Although mortality is significantly lower than in the prevaccination era, breakthrough COVID-19 in HM is still associated with considerable mortality. Death rate was lower in patients who received monoclonal antibodies, alone or in combination with antivirals., EPICOVIDEHA has received funds from Optics COMMIT (COVID-19 Unmet Medical Needs and Associated Research Extension) COVID-19 RFP program by GILEAD Science, United States (Project 2020-8223).

Published
2022

5. Porous Dithiine-Linked Covalent Organic Framework as a Dynamic Platform for Covalent Polysulfide Anchoring in Lithium–Sulfur Battery Cathodes

Author

Haldar, S., Wang, M., Bhauriyal, P., Hazra, A., Khan, A. H., Bon, V., Isaacs, M. A., Ankita, L. S., Boenke, T., Grothe, J., (0000-0003-2379-6251) Heine, T., Brunner, E., Feng, X., Dong, R., Schneemann, A., Kaskel, S., Haldar, S., Wang, M., Bhauriyal, P., Hazra, A., Khan, A. H., Bon, V., Isaacs, M. A., Ankita, L. S., Boenke, T., Grothe, J., (0000-0003-2379-6251) Heine, T., Brunner, E., Feng, X., Dong, R., Schneemann, A., and Kaskel, S.

Abstract

Dithiine linkage formation via a dynamic and self-correcting nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction enables the de novo synthesis of a porous thianthrene-based two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF). For the first time, this organo-sulfur moiety is integrated as a structural building block into a crystalline layered COF. The structure of the new material deviates from the typical planar interlayer stacking of the COF to form undulated layers caused by bending along the C-S-C bridge, without loss of aromaticity and crystallinity of the overall COF structure. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations of the COF and a model compound, featuring the thianthrene moiety, suggest partial delocalization of sulfur lone pair electrons over the aromatic backbone of the COF decreasing the band gap and promoting redox activity. Postsynthetic sulfurization allows for direct covalent attachment of polysulfides to the carbon backbone of the framework to afford a molecular-designed cathode material for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with a minimized polysulfide shuttle. The fabricated coin cell delivers nearly 77% of the initial capacity even after 500 charge-discharge cycles at 500 mA/g current density. This novel sulfur linkage in COF chemistry is an ideal structural motif for designing model materials for studying advanced electrode materials for Li-S batteries on a molecular level.

Published
2022

14. In search of large hard drives, investing in NT, sorting out CPUs

Author

Heupel, David, Ramsey, Bill, Spanbauer, Scott, Sullivan, Danny, Rohrbacher, Sandy, Grothe, J., Cohen, Jonathan, Dirks, Dennis, Grzeda, Stan, and Morris, Evan

Abstract

Thank you for the December issue, the most informative issue of PC World I have yet received. I like the new no-frills, professional look of the magazine as well. Special […]

Published
1993

15. Semi-transparent silver electrodes for flexible electronic devices prepared by nanoimprint lithography

Author

Schumm, B., Wisser, F.M., Mondin, G., Hippauf, F., Fritsch, J., Grothe, J., Kaskel, S., and Publica

Abstract

The preparation of mechanically flexible and optically transparent electronic circuits plays a key role in the development of next-generation display technologies. Silver nano-gratings are of particular interest due to their excellent conductivity and adjustable transmittance. Printed on polymeric substrates they are suitable for an application in flexible opto-electronic devices. Here, we present the preparation of a smart silver precursor system combining both the ability of cheap and scalable nanoimprint patterning and simple thermal silver reduction. Homogeneous silver line and grid patterns with line widths down to 400 nm are prepared using poly(dimethylsiloxane) stamps in a thermal nanoimprint lithography process. Relatively low process temperatures allow the film formation on polymeric substrates. Semi-transparent silver electrodes with a resistance of 2.8 ohm are patterned on polyimide foils to prepare flexible electro-luminescence devices. A detailed investigation of the precursor's thermal decomposition behaviour as well as the resulting electrical and optical properties of the films is offered.

Published
2013

16. Preparation and microcontact printing of platinum and palladium thin films

Author

Wisser, F.M., Schumm, B., Meier, A., Engel, T., Grothe, J., Kickelbick, G., Kaskel, S., and Publica

Subjects
thick films, precursor, polymeric film, micro contact printing, platinum, palladium
Abstract

Thin palladium and platinum films were prepared using a polymeric precursor method. For the first time, down to 30 nm thick films were achieved by this method. A precursor solution consisting of ethylene glycol, citric acid, a metal salt and the corresponding acid was deposited by spin coating onto various substrates. The thermal decomposition behavior of these precursors was characterized by thermal analysis methods. Dried and calcined films were characterized by XRD, UV-Vis and IR spectroscopy as well as resistance measurements to get more information about the film formation. The specific resistance of the phase pure platinum films was as low as 1.1 × 10(exp -7) ohm m and that of the palladium films was as low as 6.0 × 10(exp -7) ohm m. In addition, a platinum precursor was used for microcon tact printing. Regular line patterns with widths between 800 nm and 15 µm were achieved, as could be shown by AFM and SEM.

Published
2013

18. Manufacturing of Nanostructured Transparent Electrodes Using Soft Lithography Techniques

Author

Schumm, B., Fritsch, J., Grothe, J., and Kaskel, S.

Subjects
Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency, New Materials, Cells and Modules
Abstract

26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 522-525, In this work we present simple printing processes for the manufacturing of nanostructured transparent electrodes. The soft lithography processing of both, TCO materials and metallic films are presented. As TCO we used Cd2SnO4 (CTO) synthesized via a polymeric precursor route. Hereby, line gratings with feature sizes down to 400 nm in width and a sheet resistance of 235 Ω were realized. For the deposition of metallic films a silver pyrrolidone complex was used. Structured conductive films with sheet resistances between 6,5 and 50 could be obtained. Detailed synthetic, deposition and post deposition procedures are presented as well as their optimization.

Published
2011
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21. Side effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation biased task performance in a cognitive neuroscience study

Author

Abler, B, Walter, H, Wunderlich, A, Grothe, J, Schönfeldt-Lecuona, C, Spitzer, M, Herwig, U, Abler, B, Walter, H, Wunderlich, A, Grothe, J, Schönfeldt-Lecuona, C, Spitzer, M, and Herwig, U

Abstract

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is increasingly used as a research tool for functional brain mapping in cognitive neuroscience. Despite being mostly tolerable, side effects of TMS could influence task performance in behavioural TMS studies. In order to test this issue, healthy subjects assessed the discomfort caused by the stimulation during a verbal working memory task. We investigated the relation between subjective disturbance and task performance. Subjects were stimulated during the delay period of a delayed-match-to-sample task above cortical areas that had been identified before to be involved in working memory. Task performance and subjective disturbance due to side effects were monitored. The subjects' grade of discomfort correlated with the error rates: the higher the discomfort, the more errors were made. Conclusively, TMS side effects may bias task performance in cognitive neuroscience studies and may thereby lead to misinterpretation of results. We emphasize the importance of controlling side effects of the stimulation as a source of biasing effects in TMS studies.

Published
2005

26. Planetary Camera observations of NGC 1275 - Discovery of a central population of compact massive blue star clusters

Author

Holtzman, J. A., primary, Faber, S. M., additional, Shaya, E. J., additional, Lauer, T. R., additional, Grothe, J., additional, Hunter, D. A., additional, Baum, W. A., additional, Ewald, S. P., additional, Hester, J. F., additional, Light, R. M., additional, Lynds, C. R., additional, O'Neil, E. J., Jr., additional, and Westphal, J. A., additional

Published
1992
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30. Social isolation and social cognition: A cross-sectional analysis.

Author

Grothe J, Pabst A, Röhr S, Riedel-Heller SG, and Luppa M

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Cross-Sectional Studies, Middle Aged, Aged, Neuropsychological Tests statistics & numerical data, Emotions physiology, Aged, 80 and over, Social Cognition, Social Isolation psychology, Theory of Mind physiology
Abstract

Background: The impact of social isolation on social cognition is not entirely clear., Objective: The aim of the study is to investigate the association between social isolation and social cognition., Methods: In a population-based sample of 83 individuals aged 50+ years without dementia, we assessed the relationship between social isolation (measured by the Lubben Social Network Scale - LSNS-6) and performance on emotional recognition (measured by the Emotion Recognition Task (ERT)) and on Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities (measured by the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET)), two core aspects of social cognition., Results: No significant association was found between social isolation and ToM abilities for both the unadjusted and adjusted models. Similarly, no significant association was observed between social isolation and emotion recognition., Conclusions: Further research is needed to understand the complex correlation between social relationships and cognitive health, particularly in different cognitive domains, adopting a life course perspective., Competing Interests: Declaration of conflicting interestsThe authors declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Published
2024
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31. Precursor-Derived Sensing Interdigitated Electrode Microstructures Based on Platinum and Nano Porous Carbon.

Author

Mielewczyk L, Galle L, Niese N, Grothe J, and Kaskel S

Abstract

Interdigital electrodes were prepared using nanoimprint lithography and piezoelectric inkjet printing. These processes are simpler and more cost-effective than the industrially used electron beam lithography because of their purely mechanical process step. For the investigation of material dependence, platinum as well as carbon electrodes were fabricated. Afterwards electrodes with various line widths and spacings were tested for the application as a chemiresistive sensor for ferrocenyl-methanol and the influence of the gap-width and conductor cross-section on the sensitivity was investigated. The general suitability of the systems for the production of such structures could be confirmed. Structures with a limit of detection (LOD) down to 1.2 μM and 35.9 μM could be produced for carbon and platinum, respectively, as well as a response time of 3.6 s was achieved., (© 2024 The Authors. ChemistryOpen published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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32. Bioactive Ion-Confined Ultracapacitive Memristors with Neuromorphic Functions.

Author

Li P, Feder-Kubis J, Kunigkeit J, Zielińska-Błajet M, Brunner E, Grothe J, and Kaskel S

Abstract

The field of bioinspired iontronics, bridging electronic devices and ionic systems, has multiple biological applications. Carbon-based ultracapacitive devices hold promise for controlling bioactive ions via electric double layers due to their high-surface-area and biocompatible porous carbon electrodes. However, the interplay between complex bioactive ions and porous carbons remains unclear due to the variety of structures of bioactive ions present in biological systems. Herein, we investigate the adsorption behavior of a series of bioactive ammonium-based cations with varying alkyl chain lengths in nanoporous carbons. We find that strong physisorption results from the synergistic hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic attraction between porous carbons (with a negative zeta potential) and bioactive cations. Bioactive cations with varying alkyl chain lengths can be irreversibly physically adsorbed and confined within nanoporous carbons resulting in anion enrichment and depletion during electric polarization. This situation, in turn, results in a characteristic memristive behavior in all-carbon capacitive ionic memristor devices. Our findings highlight the relationship between the resistance state of the memristor and ion adsorption mechanisms in all-carbon capacitive devices, which hold potential for future transmitter delivery, biointerfacing, and neuromorphic devices., (© 2024 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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33. Immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of a second booster with BNT162b2 or full-dose mRNA-1273: A randomized VACCELERATE trial in adults aged ≥75 years (EU-COVAT-1-AGED Part B).

Author

Stemler J, Yeghiazaryan L, Stephan C, Mohn KG, Carcas-Sansuan AJ, Rodriguez ER, Moltó J, Mitxeltorena IV, Welte T, Zablockienė B, Akova M, Bethe U, Heringer S, Salmanton-García J, Jeck J, Tischmann L, Zarrouk M, Cüppers A, Biehl LM, Grothe J, Mellinghoff SC, Nacov JA, Neuhann JM, Sprute R, Frías-Iniesta J, Negi R, Gaillard C, Saini G, León AG, Mallon PWG, Lammens C, Hotterbeekx A, Loens K, Malhotra-Kumar S, Goossens H, Kumar-Singh S, König F, Posch M, Koehler P, and Cornely OA

Subjects
Humans, Male, Female, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 Vaccines immunology, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, COVID-19 Vaccines administration & dosage, Immunoglobulin G blood, Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus immunology, BNT162 Vaccine immunology, COVID-19 prevention & control, COVID-19 immunology, SARS-CoV-2 immunology, Antibodies, Viral blood, Immunization, Secondary, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273 immunology, Antibodies, Neutralizing blood, Immunogenicity, Vaccine
Abstract

Objectives: To assess the safety and immunogenicity of a fourth vaccination (second booster) in individuals aged ≥75 years., Methods: Participants were randomized to BNT162b2 (Comirnaty, 30 µg) or messenger RNA (mRNA)-1273 (Spikevax, 100 µg). The primary end point was the rate of two-fold antibody titer increase 14 days after vaccination, targeting the receptor binding domain (RBD) region of wild-type SARS-CoV-2. The secondary end points included changes in neutralizing activity against wild-type and 25 variants. Safety was assessed by monitoring solicited adverse events (AEs) for 7 days., Results: A total of 269 participants (mean age 81 years, mRNA-1273 n = 135/BNT162b2 n = 134) were included. Two-fold anti-RBD immunoglobulin (Ig) G titer increase was achieved by 101 of 129 (78%) and 116 of 133 (87%) subjects in the BNT162b2 and the mRNA-1273 group, respectively (P = 0.054). A second booster of mRNA-1273 provided higher anti-RBD IgG geometric mean titer: 21.326 IU/mL (95% confidence interval: 18.235-24.940) vs BNT162b2: 15.181 IU/mL (95% confidence interval: 13.172-17.497). A higher neutralizing activity was noted for the mRNA-1273 group. The most frequent AE was pain at the injection site (51% in mRNA-1273 and 48% in BNT162b2). Participants in the mRNA-1273 group had less vaccine-related AEs (30% vs 39%)., Conclusions: A second booster of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 provided substantial IgG increase. Full-dose mRNA-1273 provided higher IgG levels and neutralizing capacity against SARS-CoV-2, with similar safety profile for subjects of advanced age., Competing Interests: Declarations of competing interest JS has received research grants by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Noscendo and Basilea Pharmaceuticals; has received speaker honoraria by AbbVie, Hikma, Pfizer and Gilead; has been a consultant to Gilead, Produkt&Markt GmbH, Alvea Vax and Micron Research and has received travel grants by German Society for Infectious Diseases (DGI) and Meta-Alexander Foundation, all outside the submitted work. MA has received research grants from Pfizer and Gilead. Contributed to educational activities organized/supported by Pfizer, Roche, Gilead, GSK, Moderna and Sanofi. All honoraria from these activities are paid to the Institution. JSG has received speaker honoraria from Gilead and Pfizer, outside of the submitted work. MZ has received honoraria for lecturing courses by Pfizer Malaysia; is now an employee with AiCuris AG. RS has received lecture honoraria from Pfizer and Hikma, outside of the submitted work. JFI has received research grants by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Science. Spain has received grants or research contracts from Laboratorios Faes, Normon, Pfizer, Italfarmaco, GSK, Prestige; has been a consultant or has received speaker honoraria from Faes, Normon, Cinfa, Mundipharma, Abbott, Novartis, and collaborations from AbbVie. PWGM has received honoraria and/or grant funding from Gilead, Janssen, MSD, ViiV Healthcare, GSK, and AstraZeneca, outside of the submitted work. SMK has received grants from Pfizer, MSD, Huvepharma, AiCuris, Astra Zeneca, Mylan, Janssen pharma. PK reports grants or contracts from German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) B-FAST (Bundesweites Forschungsnetz Angewandte Surveillance und Testung) and NAPKON (Nationales Pandemie Kohorten Netz, German National Pandemic Cohort Network) of the Network University Medicine and the State of North Rhine-Westphalia; Consulting fees Ambu GmbH, Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma Resarch Limited, Noxxon N.V. and Pfizer Pharma; Honoraria for lectures from Akademie für Infektionsmedizin e.V., Ambu GmbH, Astellas Pharma, BioRad Laboratories Inc., Datamed GmbH, European Confederation of Medical Mycology, Gilead Sciences, GPR Academy Ruesselsheim, HELIOS Kliniken GmbH, Lahn-Dill-Kliniken GmbH, medupdate GmbH, MedMedia GmbH, MSD Sharp & Dohme GmbH, Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Scilink Comunicación Científica SC, streamedup! GmbH and University Hospital and LMU Munich; Participation on an Advisory Board from Ambu GmbH, Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma Resarch Limited and Pfizer Pharma; A pending patent currently reviewed at the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DE 10 2021 113 007.7); Other non-financial interests from Elsevier, Wiley and Taylor & Francis online outside the submitted work. OAC reports grants or contracts from Amplyx, Basilea, BMBF, Cidara, DZIF, EU-DG RTD (101037867), F2G, Gilead, Matinas, MedPace, MSD, Mundipharma, Octapharma, Pfizer, Scynexis; Consulting fees from AbbVie, Amplyx, Biocon, Biosys, Cidara, Da Volterra, Gilead, IQVIA, Janssen, Matinas, MedPace, Menarini, Molecular Partners, MSG-ERC, Noxxon, Octapharma, Pfizer, PSI, Scynexis, Seres; Honoraria for lectures from Abbott, AbbVie, Al-Jazeera Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, Gilead, Grupo Biotoscana/United Medical/Knight, Hikma, MedScape, MedUpdate, Merck/MSD, Mylan, Noscendo, Pfizer, Shionogi; payment for expert testimony from Cidara; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board from Actelion, Allecra, Cidara, Entasis, IQVIA, Janssen, MedPace, Paratek, PSI, Pulmocide, Shionogi, and The Prime Meridian Group. Kristin G-I Mohn has received honoraria for lectures from Takeda, IQVIA and BioNTech, has received a Research Grant from Norwegian Regional Health authorities, West, grant nr F12626 and is a Member of an advisory board on committee for National vaccination programs, Norwegian Public Health Institute. The remaining authors have no competing interest to declare., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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34. A Precursor-Derived Ultramicroporous Carbon for Printing Iontronic Logic Gates and Super-Varactors.

Author

Gellrich C, Shupletsov L, Galek P, Bahrawy A, Grothe J, and Kaskel S

Abstract

A liquid precursor for 3D printing ultramicroporous carbons (pore width <0.7 nm) to create a novel in-plane capacitive-analog of semiconductor-based diodes (CAPodes) is presented. This proof-of-concept integrates functional EDLCs into microstructured iontronic devices. The working principle is based on selective ion-sieving, controlling the size of the electrolyte ions, and the nanoporous sieving carbon's pore size. By blocking bulky electrolyte ions from entering the sub-nanometer pores, a unidirectional charging characteristic with controllable ion flux is achieved, leading to diodic U-I characteristics with a high rectification ratio. The liquid precursor approach enables successful printing of miniaturized in-plane CAPodes. A combination of inkjet and extrusion printing techniques with suitable inks is explored to fabricate electrode materials with engineered porosity. Deliberate fine-tuning of the ultramicroporous carbon's porosity and surface area is achieved using a customized carbon precursor and CO 2 etching techniques. Electrochemical evaluation of the printed CAPodes demonstrates successful miniaturization compared with macroscopic film assembly. 3D manufacturing and miniaturization allow for the integration of CAPodes into logic gate circuits (OR, AND). For the first time, these switchable devices are used as variable capacitors in a high-pass filter application, adjusting the cut-off frequency of applied alternating voltage analogous to an I-MOS varactor., (© 2024 The Authors. Advanced Materials published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)

Published
2024
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35. Survival after cryptococcosis in Germany: A retrospective multicenter cohort study of patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2021.

Author

Kessel J, Rossaert AC, Lingscheid T, Grothe J, Harrer T, Wyen C, Tominski D, Bollinger T, Kehr AK, Kalbitz S, Hoffmann C, Cornely O, Koppe U, Stephan C, and Rickerts V

Subjects
Humans, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Cohort Studies, Germany epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Cryptococcus neoformans, HIV Infections complications, HIV Infections epidemiology, Cryptococcosis diagnosis, Cryptococcosis epidemiology, Cryptococcosis microbiology
Abstract

Cryptococcosis is the most prevalent fungal infection of the central nervous system worldwide. We performed a retrospective multicenter cohort study to gain insights into the epidemiology of cryptococcosis in Germany. We describe the use of diagnostic tests, clinical management and patient outcome. We included 64 patients with underlying HIV infection (55%) or other predispositions. Molecular typing by MLST documented 20 individual sequence types among 42 typed isolates. A fatal outcome was documented in 14% of patients in the first two months after diagnosis., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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36. Awareness of Social Functioning in People with Dementia and Its Association with Dementia Severity: Multi-Center Cross-Sectional Study.

Author

Sommerlad A, Grothe J, Umeda S, Ikeda M, Kanemoto H, Livingston G, Luppa M, Rankin KP, Riedel-Heller SG, Röhr S, Suzuki M, and Huntley J

Subjects
Humans, Female, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Severity of Illness Index, Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, Dementia psychology, Awareness, Caregivers psychology
Abstract

Background: People with dementia commonly have impaired social functioning and may not recognize this. This lack of awareness may result in worse outcomes for the person and their family carers., Objective: We aimed to characterize awareness of social functioning in dementia and describe its association with dementia severity., Methods: Multi-center cross-sectional study of people aged >65 years with dementia and family informants recruited from Germany, Japan and the United Kingdom. We used the Social Functioning in Dementia (SF-DEM) scale, assessing "spending time with other people" (domain 1), "communicating with other people" (domain 2), and "sensitivity to other people" (domain 3), and calculated lack of awareness into social functioning as the discrepancy between patient and informant ratings., Results: 108 participants with dementia (50.9% women), mean age = 78.9 years, and mean MMSE score = 22.7. Patient and informant domain 1 ratings did not differ, but patient-rating was higher than carers for domain 2 (11.2 versus 10.1; p = 0.003) and domain 3 (9.7 versus 8.1; p < 0.001). Sixty people with dementia overestimated their overall social functioning, 30 underestimated, and 18 gave ratings congruent with their informant. Performance on the MMSE and its sub-domains was not associated with SF-DEM discrepancy score., Conclusions: We found that awareness of social functioning in dementia was a multidimensional concept, which varies according to subdomains of social functioning. Clinicians should help family members understand and adapt by explaining their relative with dementia's lack of awareness about aspects of their social functioning.

Published
2024
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37. Doping of porous carbons with sulfur and nitrogen markedly enhances their surface activity for formaldehyde removal.

Author

Unglaube N, Florent M, Otto T, Stötzer M, Grothe J, Kaskel S, and Bandosz TJ

Abstract

The surfaces of phosphoric acid activated carbon, referred to as CG, and steam activated one, referred to as SX, were modified through an introduction of S- and N- groups originated from thiourea. The prepared samples were used for formaldehyde removal at room temperature. Heating at 450, 600 and 950 °C altered both surface chemistry and porosity. The extents of these modifications depended on the type of carbon. Using thiourea as the modifier resulted in an incorporation of significant amounts of nitrogen and sulfur to the carbon matrices. Their speciation depended on the heat treatment conditions. The activity of samples heated at 450 °C was governed by amine groups of thiourea retained on the surface. A further heat treatment converted gradually amine nitrogen into pyridines/pyrroles and quaternary nitrogen, shifting the adsorption mechanism to rather specific interactions than a direct chemical reactivity. Carbons with few times less nitrogen than in their amine-modified counterparts, but in quaternary form and with the small amount of sulfur in thiophenic configurations, regardless the origin, worked as very efficient adsorbents of HCHO. Due to the modification of the carbon matrix electronic structure, resulting in a positive charge on carbon atoms in the vicinity of the heteroatoms incorporated to carbon rings, the density of specific adsorption centers on the surface in larger pores was significantly higher than that in ultramicropores. This markedly contributed to efficient utilization of pores/surface, where heteroatom can exist and where otherwise the dispersive adsorptions forces would be weak, for HCHO removal at ambient conditions., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Inc.)

Published
2024
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38. Psychometric Evaluation of the A-NKS: A Diagnostic Instrument to Assess Impairment of Activities of Daily Living in Mild and Major Neurocognitive Disorder According to DSM-5.

Author

Grothe J, Kropidlowski A, Luppa M, Elgner M, Funke K, Pabst A, Schomerus G, Dietzel J, Saur D, Sommerlad A, Riedel-Heller SG, and Luck T

Subjects
Humans, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results, Pilot Projects, Neurocognitive Disorders, Activities of Daily Living psychology, Dementia psychology
Abstract

Background: Activities of daily living (ADL) functioning are important in the diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders (NCD), yet no standardized and validated instrument exist based on international classification systems., Objective: We aimed to psychometrically evaluate the differentiated assessment of ADL and instrumental ADL (IADL) impairments due to NCD according to DSM-5 criteria (Instrument für die Erfassung von Alltagsbeeinträchtigungen bei Neurokognitiven Störungen; A-NKS)., Methods: We conducted a pilot study involving 92 participant-informant dyads of participants with mild or major NCDs, cognitively healthy individuals, and an informant, to test acceptability, internal consistency, and convergent validity with similar measures., Results: Both A-NKS versions demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α= 0.95 -0.99) and correlate with other instrumental ADL instruments (participant [informant]: Barthel Index: rs = -0.26, p≤0.05 [rs = -0.30, p≤0.01]; Amsterdam IADL: rs = 0.59, p≤0.01 [rs = 0.48, p≤0.01]; SIDAM ADL: rs = 0.46, p≤0.001 [rs = 0.47, p≤0.001]). Additionally, there are correlations with the scale autonomy of the WHOQOL-OLD (rs = -0.50, p≤0.001 [rs = -0.37, p≤0.001]) and physical, as well as cognitive activities (rs = -0.39, p≤0.001 [rs = -0.50, p≤0.001]). They were well-accepted by participants and informants., Conclusions: The A-NKS is an instrument with acceptable psychometric properties to assess ADL due to neurodegenerative decline in healthy individuals, and those with mild or major NCD. Further research is needed to confirm reliability and validity and investigate the factor structure.

Published
2024
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39. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a first booster with BNT162b2 or full-dose mRNA-1273: A randomised VACCELERATE trial in adults ≥75 years (EU-COVAT-1).

Author

Neuhann JM, Stemler J, Carcas AJ, Frías-Iniesta J, Akova M, Bethe U, Heringer S, Salmanton-García J, Tischmann L, Zarrouk M, Cüppers A, Grothe J, Leon AG, Mallon P, Negi R, Gaillard C, Saini G, Lammens C, Hotterbeekx A, Loens K, Malhotra-Kumar S, Goossens H, Kumar-Singh S, König F, Yeghiazaryan L, Posch M, Koehler P, and Cornely OA

Subjects
Humans, Adult, Aged, COVID-19 Vaccines adverse effects, RNA, Messenger, Immunoglobulin G, Immunogenicity, Vaccine, Antibodies, Viral, Antibodies, Neutralizing, 2019-nCoV Vaccine mRNA-1273, BNT162 Vaccine
Abstract

Background: Vaccination remains crucial for protection against severe SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially for people of advanced age, however, optimal dosing regimens are as yet lacking., Methods: EU-COVAT-1-AGED Part A is a randomised controlled, adaptive, multicentre phase II trial evaluating safety and immunogenicity of a 3rd vaccination (1st booster) in individuals ≥75 years. Fifty-three participants were randomised to full-doses of either mRNA-1273 (Spikevax®, 100 µg) or BNT162b2 (Comirnaty®, 30 µg). The primary endpoint was the rate of 2-fold circulating antibody titre increase 14 days post-vaccination measured by quantitative electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay, targeting RBD region of Wuhan wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Secondary endpoints included the changes in neutralising capacity against wild-type and 25 variants of concern at 14 days and up to 12 months. Safety was assessed by monitoring of solicited adverse events (AEs) for seven days after on-study vaccination. Unsolicited AEs were collected until the end of follow-up at 12 months, SAEs were pursued for a further 30 days., Results: Between 08th of November 2021 and 04th of January 2022, 53 participants ≥75 years received a COVID-19 vaccine as 1st booster. Fifty subjects (BNT162b2 n = 25/mRNA-1273 n = 25) were included in the analyses for immunogenicity at day 14. The primary endpoint of a 2-fold anti-RBD IgG titre increase 14 days after vaccination was reached for all subjects. A 3rd vaccination of full-dose mRNA-1273 provided higher anti-RBD IgG titres (Geometric mean titre) D14 mRNA-127310711 IU/mL (95 %-CI: 8003;14336) vs. BNT162b2: 7090 IU/mL (95 %-CI: 5688;8837). We detected a pattern showing higher neutralising capacity of full-dose mRNA-1273 against wild-type as well as for 23 out of 25 tested variants., Interpretation: Third doses of either BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 provide substantial circulating antibody increase 14 days after vaccination. Full-dose mRNA-1273 provides higher antibody levels with an overall similar safety profile for people ≥75 years., Funding: This trial was funded by the European Commission (Framework Program HORIZON 2020)., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest JN no conflicts declared. JS has received research grants by the Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and Basilea Pharmaceuticals; has received speaker honoraria by AbbVie, Pfizer and Gilead; has been a consultant to Gilead, Produkt & Markt GmbH, Alvea Vax and Micron Research and has received travel grants by German Society for Infectious Diseases (DGI) and Meta-Alexander Foundation. AJC no conflicts declared. JFI has received research grants by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministry of Science. Spain. Has received grants or research contracts from Laboratorios Faes, Normon, Pfizer, Italfarmaco, GSK, Prestige, has been a consultant or has received speaker honoraria from Faes, Normon, Cinfa, Mundipharma, Abbott, Novartis and docency colaborations from Abbvie. MA has received research grants from Pfizer and Gilead. Contributed to educational activities organized/supported by Pfizer, Roche, Gilead, GSK, Moderna and Sanofi. All honoraria from these activities are paid to the Institution. UB no conflicts declared. SH no conflicts declared. JSG has received speaker honoraria from Gilead and Pfizer, outside of the submitted work. LT no conflicts declared. MZ has received honoraria for lecturing courses by Pfizer Malaysia; is now an employee with AiCuris AG. AC no conflicts declared. JG no conflicts declared. AGL no conflicts declared. PM has received honoraria from Gilead and AstraZeneca, outside of the submitted work. RN no conflicts declared. CG no conflicts declared. GS no conflicts declared. AH no conflicts declared. SKS no conflicts declared. KL no conflicts declared. CL no conflicts declared. HG no conflicts declared. SMK has received grants from Pfizer, MSD, Huvepharma, AiCuris, Astra Zeneca, Mylan, Janssen pharma. FK no conflicts declared. LY no conflicts declared. MP no conflicts declared. PK reports grants or contracts from German Federal Ministry of Research and Education (BMBF) B-FAST (Bundesweites Forschungsnetz Angewandte Surveillance und Testung) and NAPKON (Nationales Pandemie Kohorten Netz, German National Pandemic Cohort Network) of the Network University Medicine (NUM) and the State of North Rhine-Westphalia; Consulting fees Ambu GmbH, Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma Resarch Limited, Noxxon N.V. and Pfizer Pharma; Honoraria for lectures from Akademie für Infektionsmedizin e.V., Ambu GmbH, Astellas Pharma, BioRad Laboratories Inc., Datamed GmbH, European Confederation of Medical Mycology, Gilead Sciences, GPR Academy Ruesselsheim, HELIOS Kliniken GmbH, Lahn-Dill-Kliniken GmbH, medupdate GmbH, MedMedia GmbH, MSD Sharp & Dohme GmbH, Pfizer Pharma GmbH, Scilink Comunicación Científica SC, streamedup! GmbH and University Hospital and LMU Munich; Participation on an Advisory Board from Ambu GmbH, Gilead Sciences, Mundipharma Resarch Limited and Pfizer Pharma; A pending patent currently reviewed at the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DE 10 2021 113 007.7); Other non-financial interests from Elsevier, Wiley and Taylor & Francis online outside the submitted work. OAC reports grants or contracts from Amplyx, Basilea, BMBF, Cidara, DZIF, EU-DG RTD (101037867), F2G, Gilead, Matinas, MedPace, MSD, Mundipharma, Octapharma, Pfizer, Scynexis; Consulting fees from Abbvie, Amplyx, Biocon, Biosys, Cidara, Da Volterra, Gilead, IQVIA, Janssen, Matinas, MedPace, Menarini, Molecular Partners, MSG-ERC, Noxxon, Octapharma, Pfizer, PSI, Scynexis, Seres; Honoraria for lectures from Abbott, Abbvie, Al-Jazeera Pharmaceuticals, Astellas, Gilead, Grupo Biotoscana/United Medical/Knight, Hikma, MedScape, MedUpdate, Merck/MSD, Mylan, Noscendo, Pfizer, Shionogi; Payment for expert testimony from Cidara; Participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board from Actelion, Allecra, Cidara, Entasis, IQVIA, Janssen, MedPace, Paratek, PSI, Pulmocide, Shionogi, The Prime Meridian Group; A patent at the German Patent and Trade Mark Office (DE 10 2021 113 007.7); Stocks from CoRe Consulting, EasyRadiology; Other interests from DGHO, DGI, ECMM, EHA, ISHAM, MSG-ERC, Wiley., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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40. General Design Concepts for CAPodes as Ionologic Devices.

Author

Zhou H, Li P, Zhang E, Kunigkeit J, Zhou X, Haase K, Rita Ortega Vega M, Wang S, Xu X, Grothe J, Mannsfeld SCB, Brunner E, Kaneko K, and Kaskel S

Abstract

Capacitive analogues of semiconductor diodes (CAPodes) present a new avenue for energy-efficient and nature-inspired next-generation computing devices. Here, we disclose the generalized concept for bias-direction-adjustable n- and p-CAPodes based on selective ion sieving. Controllable-unidirectional ion flux is realized by blocking electrolyte ions from entering sub-nanometer pores. The resulting CAPodes exhibit charge-storage characteristics with a high rectification ratio (96.29 %). The enhancement of capacitance is attributed to the high surface area and porosity of an omnisorbing carbon as counter electrode. Furthermore, we demonstrate the use of an integrated device in a logic gate circuit architecture to implement logic operations ('OR', 'AND'). This work demonstrates CAPodes as a generalized concept to achieve p-n and n-p analogue junctions based on selective ion electrosorption, provides a comprehensive understanding and highlights applications of ion-based diodes in ionologic architectures., (© 2023 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2023
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41. Exploring First Responders' Use and Perceptions on Continuous Health and Environmental Monitoring.

Author

Grothe J, Tucker S, Blake A, Achutan C, Medcalf S, Suwondo T, Fruhling A, and Yoder A

Subjects
Humans, Vital Signs, Heart Rate, Environmental Monitoring, Monitoring, Physiologic methods, Wearable Electronic Devices, Emergency Responders
Abstract

First responders lose their lives in the line of duty each year, and many of these deaths result from strenuous physical exertion and exposure to harmful environmental agents. Continuous health monitoring may detect diseases and alert the first responder when vital signs are reaching critical levels. However, continuous monitoring must be acceptable to first responders. The purpose of this study was to discover first responders' current use of wearable technology, their perceptions of what health and environmental indicators should be monitored, and who should be permitted to monitor them. The survey was sent to 645 first responders employed by 24 local fire department stations. A total of 115 (17.8%) first responders answered the survey and 112 were used for analysis. Results found first responders perceived a need for health and environmental monitoring. The health and environmental indicators that respondents perceived as most important for monitoring in the field were heart rate (98.2%) and carbon monoxide (100%), respectively. Overall, using and wearing monitoring devices was not age-dependent and health and environmental concerns were important for first responders at any stage of their career. However, current wearable technology does not seem to be a viable solution for first responders due to device expense and durability issues.

Published
2023
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42. Bioactive Ion-Based Switchable Supercapacitors.

Author

Li P, Bräuniger Y, Kunigkeit J, Zhou H, Ortega Vega MR, Zhang E, Grothe J, Brunner E, and Kaskel S

Subjects
Electric Capacitance, Ions, Electrodes, Carbon chemistry, Electrolytes
Abstract

Switchable supercapacitors (SCs) enable a reversible electrically-driven uptake/release of bioactive ions by polarizing porous carbon electrodes. Herein we demonstrate the first example of a bioactive ion-based switchable supercapacitor. Based on choline chloride and porous carbons we unravel the mechanism of physisorption vs. electrosorption by nuclear magnetic resonance, Raman, and impedance spectroscopy. Weak physisorption facilitates electrically-driven electrolyte depletion enabling the controllable uptake/release of electrolyte ions. A new 4-terminal device is proposed, with a main capacitor and a detective capacitor for monitoring bioactive ion adsorption in situ. Ion-concentration control in printed choline-based switchable SCs realizes switching down to 8.3 % residual capacitance. The exploration of adsorption mechanisms in printable microdevices will open an avenue of manipulating bioactive ions for the application of drug delivery, neuromodulation, or neuromorphic devices., (© 2022 The Authors. Angewandte Chemie International Edition published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2022
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43. Unraveling the Capacitive Charge Storage Mechanism of Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbons by EQCM and ssNMR.

Author

Zhang E, Wu YC, Shao H, Klimavicius V, Zhang H, Taberna PL, Grothe J, Buntkowsky G, Xu F, Simon P, and Kaskel S

Subjects
Carbon chemistry, Ions, Lithium, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Porosity, Nitrogen chemistry, Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques
Abstract

Fundamental understanding of ion electroadsorption processes in porous electrodes on a molecular level provides important guidelines for next-generation energy storage devices like electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs). Porous carbons functionalized by heteroatoms show enhanced capacitive performance, but the underlying mechanism is still elusive, due to the lack of reliable tools to precisely identify multiple N species and establish clear structure property relations. Here, we use advanced analytical techniques such as low-temperature solid-state NMR (ssNMR) and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) to relate the complex nitrogen functionalities to the charging mechanisms and capacitive performance. For the first time, it is demonstrated at a molecular level that N-doping strongly influences the electroadsorption mechanism in EDLCs. Without N-doping, anion (SO 4 2- ) adsorption-desorption dominates the charging mechanism, whereas after doping, Li + electroadsorption plays a key role. With the help of EQCM, it is demonstrated that SO 4 2- is strongly immobilized on the N-doped surface, leaving Li + as the main charge carrier. The smaller size and higher concentration of Li + compared to SO 4 2- benefit a higher capacitance. Amine/amide N is responsible for high capacitance, but surprisingly the pyridinic, pyrrolic, and graphitic N groups have no significant influence. 2D 1 H- 15 N NMR spectroscopy indicates that the conversion from pyridinium to pyrrolic N gives rise to a slightly decreased capacitance. This work not only demonstrates ssNMR as a powerful tool for surface chemistry characterization of electrode materials but also uncovers the related charging mechanism by EQCM, paving the way toward a comprehensive picture of EDLC chemistry.

Published
2022
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45. Social Isolation and Incident Dementia in the Oldest-Old-A Competing Risk Analysis.

Author

Grothe J, Röhr S, Luppa M, Pabst A, Kleineidam L, Heser K, Fuchs A, Pentzek M, Oey A, Wiese B, Lühmann D, van den Bussche H, Weyerer S, Werle J, Weeg D, Bickel H, Scherer M, König HH, Hajek A, Wagner M, and Riedel-Heller SG

Abstract

Purpose: Social isolation is considered a risk factor for dementia. However, less is known about social isolation and dementia with respect to competing risk of death, particularly in the oldest-old, who are at highest risk for social isolation, dementia and mortality. Therefore, we aimed to examine these associations in a sample of oldest-old individuals., Methods: Analyses were based on follow-up (FU) 5-9 of the longitudinal German study AgeCoDe/AgeQualiDe. Social isolation was assessed using the short form of the Lubben Social Network Scale (LSNS-6), with a score ≤ 12 indicating social isolation. Structured interviews were used to identify dementia cases. Competing risk analysis based on the Fine-Gray model was conducted to test the association between social isolation and incident dementia., Results: Excluding participants with prevalent dementia, n = 1,161 individuals were included. Their mean age was 86.6 ( SD = 3.1) years and 67.0% were female. The prevalence of social isolation was 34.7% at FU 5, 9.7% developed dementia and 36.0% died during a mean FU time of 4.3 ( SD = 0.4) years. Adjusting for covariates and cumulative mortality risk, social isolation was not significantly associated with incident dementia; neither in the total sample (sHR: 1.07, 95%CI 0.65-1.76, p = 0.80), nor if stratified by sex (men: sHR: 0.71, 95%CI 0.28-1.83, p = 0.48; women: sHR: 1.39, 95%CI 0.77-2.51, p = 0.27)., Conclusion: In contrast to the findings of previous studies, we did not find an association between social isolation and incident dementia in the oldest-old. However, our analysis took into account the competing risk of death and the FU period was rather short. Future studies, especially with longer FU periods and more comprehensive assessment of qualitative social network characteristics (e.g., loneliness and satisfaction with social relationships) may be useful for clarification., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Grothe, Röhr, Luppa, Pabst, Kleineidam, Heser, Fuchs, Pentzek, Oey, Wiese, Lühmann, van den Bussche, Weyerer, Werle, Weeg, Bickel, Scherer, König, Hajek, Wagner and Riedel-Heller.)

Published
2022
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46. Porous Dithiine-Linked Covalent Organic Framework as a Dynamic Platform for Covalent Polysulfide Anchoring in Lithium-Sulfur Battery Cathodes.

Author

Haldar S, Wang M, Bhauriyal P, Hazra A, Khan AH, Bon V, Isaacs MA, De A, Shupletsov L, Boenke T, Grothe J, Heine T, Brunner E, Feng X, Dong R, Schneemann A, and Kaskel S

Abstract

Dithiine linkage formation via a dynamic and self-correcting nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction enables the de novo synthesis of a porous thianthrene-based two-dimensional covalent organic framework (COF). For the first time, this organo-sulfur moiety is integrated as a structural building block into a crystalline layered COF. The structure of the new material deviates from the typical planar interlayer π-stacking of the COF to form undulated layers caused by bending along the C-S-C bridge, without loss of aromaticity and crystallinity of the overall COF structure. Comprehensive experimental and theoretical investigations of the COF and a model compound, featuring the thianthrene moiety, suggest partial delocalization of sulfur lone pair electrons over the aromatic backbone of the COF decreasing the band gap and promoting redox activity. Postsynthetic sulfurization allows for direct covalent attachment of polysulfides to the carbon backbone of the framework to afford a molecular-designed cathode material for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with a minimized polysulfide shuttle. The fabricated coin cell delivers nearly 77% of the initial capacity even after 500 charge-discharge cycles at 500 mA/g current density. This novel sulfur linkage in COF chemistry is an ideal structural motif for designing model materials for studying advanced electrode materials for Li-S batteries on a molecular level.

Published
2022
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47. Commercial Dairy Calf Management: Impact on Performance and Health.

Author

Grothe J and Thornsberry RM

Subjects
Animals, Diet, Weaning, Animal Feed analysis, Milk
Abstract

The transition for the calf from the milk-feeding phase to the grouping and dry feed feeding phase is the second most difficult time for a calf, with the most difficult life phase being parturition and the first day of life. Reducing these stress factors directly relates to reduced health problems and better performance during subsequent life phases. This review will discuss some of the key management factors associated with achieving maximum production potential for the commercial dairy calf., Competing Interests: Disclosure The authors have nothing to disclose., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Published
2022
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48. Psychometric Evaluation of the German Version of the Social Functioning in Dementia Scale (SF-DEM).

Author

Grothe J, Luppa M, Dietzel J, Schomerus G, Sommerlad A, Riedel-Heller SG, and Röhr S

Subjects
Humans, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Reproducibility of Results, Social Interaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Dementia diagnosis, Dementia psychology, Language
Abstract

Background: Dementia is one of the most common and most severe disorder in old age. In addition to cognitive decline and functional impairment, changes in social functioning occur in the course of dementia. Currently, there is no valid instrument in German language to assess social functioning in individuals with dementia., Objective: We aim to adapt and psychometrically evaluate a German version of the Social Functioning in Dementia Scale (SF-DEM)., Methods: First, a multi-step and team-based translation process based on the TRAPD model was performed. Second, we interviewed dyads of individuals with mild dementia and caregivers to test the internal consistency, test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, construct validity, and acceptance of the German version of the SF-DEM., Results: The internal consistency of the patient-rated (α= 0.72) and the caregiver-rated (α= 0.76) SF-DEM is at an acceptable level. The interrater reliability was excellent for both versions (patients: ICC = 0.98, CI [0.95-0.99]; caregiver: ICC = 0.95, CI [0.89-0.98]) and the test-retest reliability was moderate (patients: ICC = 0.57, CI [0.26-0.77]; caregiver: ICC = 0.58, CI [0.27-0.78]). Caregiver-rated SF-DEM correlated strong with LSNS-6 (rs = 0.60, p < 0.01), QoL-AD (marriage: rs = 0.61, p < 0.01; friends: rs = 0.51, p = 0.01). In addition, the SF-DEM was accepted by the participants., Conclusion: The German SF-DEM is a valid, reliable, and acceptable instrument to assess social functioning in individuals with dementia. Further research should address the psychometric properties in individuals with more severe dementia.

Published
2022
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49. Valuing end-of-life care: translation and content validation of the ICECAP-SCM measure.

Author

Gühne U, Dorow M, Grothe J, Stein J, Löbner M, Dams J, Coast J, Kinghorn P, König HH, and Riedel-Heller SG

Subjects
Humans, Palliative Care, Psychometrics, Quality of Life, Reproducibility of Results, Surveys and Questionnaires, Hospice Care, Terminal Care
Abstract

Background: The evaluation of care strategies at the end of life is particularly important due to the globally increasing proportion of very old people in need of care. The ICECAP-Supportive Care Measure is a self-complete questionnaire developed in the UK to evaluate palliative and supportive care by measuring patient's wellbeing in terms of 'capability'. It is a new measure with high potential for broad and international use. The aims of this study were the translation of the ICECAP-Supportive Care Measure from English into German and the content validation of this version., Methods: A multi-step and team-based translation process based on the TRAPD model was performed. An expert survey was carried out to assess content validity. The expert panel (n = 20) consisted of four expert groups: representative seniors aged 65+, patients aged 65+ living in residential care, patients aged 65+ receiving end-of-life care, and professionals in end-of-life care., Results: The German version of the ICECAP-Supportive Care Measure showed an excellent content validity on both item- and scale-level. In addition, a high agreement regarding the length of the single items and the total length of the questionnaire as well as the number of answer categories was reached., Conclusions: The German ICECAP-SCM is a valid tool to assess the quality of life at the end of life that is suitable for use in different settings. The questionnaire may be utilized in multinational clinical and economic evaluations of end-of-life care.

Published
2021
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50. Green Precursors and Soft Templating for Printing Porous Carbon-Based Micro-supercapacitors.

Author

Lochmann S, Kintzel S, Bräuniger Y, Otto T, Zhang E, Grothe J, and Kaskel S

Abstract

A combination of soft lithographic printing and soft templating has been used to fabricate high-resolution interdigitated micro-supercapacitors (MSC). Surfactant-assisted self-assembly produces high surface area ordered mesoporous carbons (490 m 2  g -1 ). For the first time, such precursors have been printed by nano-imprint lithography as microdevices with a line width of only 250 nm and a spacing of only 1 μm. The devices are crack-free with low specific resistance (1.2×10 -5  Ωm) and show good device capacitance up to 0.21 F cm -3 ., (© 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

Published
2021
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