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8. Adaptation of Brucella melitensis Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing to the ISO 20776 Standard and Validation of the Method

Author

Tscherne, A. Mantel, E. Boskani, T. Budniak, S. Fasanella, A. Feruglio, S.L. Giske, C.G. Galante, D. Hinz, C. Grunow, R. Jacob, D. Kedrak-Jablonska, A. Jensen, V.K. Johansen, T.B. Kahlmeter, G. Matuschek, E. Melzer, F. Pelerito, A. Manzulli, V. Thomann, S. Zoeller, L. Nuncio, M.S. Papaparaskevas, J. Tsakris, A. Wahab, T. Weiner, M. Zange, S. on behalf of the EMERGE AST Working Group and Tscherne, A. Mantel, E. Boskani, T. Budniak, S. Fasanella, A. Feruglio, S.L. Giske, C.G. Galante, D. Hinz, C. Grunow, R. Jacob, D. Kedrak-Jablonska, A. Jensen, V.K. Johansen, T.B. Kahlmeter, G. Matuschek, E. Melzer, F. Pelerito, A. Manzulli, V. Thomann, S. Zoeller, L. Nuncio, M.S. Papaparaskevas, J. Tsakris, A. Wahab, T. Weiner, M. Zange, S. on behalf of the EMERGE AST Working Group

Abstract

Brucellosis, mainly caused by Brucella (B.) melitensis, is associated with a risk of chronification and relapses. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) standards for B. melitensis are not available, and the agent is not yet listed in the EUCAST breakpoint tables. CLSI recommendations for B. melitensis exist, but they do not fulfill the requirements of the ISO 20776 standard regarding the culture medium and the incubation conditions. Under the third EU Health Programme, laboratories specializing in the diagnostics of highly pathogenic bacteria in their respective countries formed a working group within a Joint Action aiming to develop a suitable method for the AST of B. melitensis. Under the supervision of EUCAST representatives, this working group adapted the CLSI M45 document to the ISO 20776 standard after testing and validation. These adaptations included the comparison of various culture media, culture conditions and AST methods. A Standard Operation Procedure was derived and an interlaboratory validation was performed in order to evaluate the method. The results showed pros and cons for both of the two methods but also indicate that it is not necessary to abandon Mueller–Hinton without additives for the AST of B. melitensis. © 2022 by the authors.

Published
2022

14. Nagetiere und Nagetierassoziierte Krankheitserreger: Das Netzwerk „Nagetier-übertragene Pathogene“ stellt sich vor

Author

Ulrich, Rainer G., Heckel, G., Pelz, H.-J., Wieler, L. H., Nordhoff, M., Dobler, G., Freise, J., Matuschka, F.-R., Jacob, J., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., Gerstengarbe, F. W., Jäkel, T., Süss, J., Ehlers, B., Nitsche, A., Kallies, R., Johne, R., Günther, S., Henning, K., Grunow, R., Wenk, M., Maul, L. C., Hunfeld, K.-P., Wölfel, R., Schares, G., Scholz, H. C., Brockmann, S. O., Pfeffer, M., and Essbauer, S. S.

Published
2009
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15. Burkholderia pseudomallei multi-centre study to establish EUCAST MIC and zone diameter distributions and epidemiological cut-off values

Author

Karatuna, O, Dance, DAB, Matuschek, E, Åhman, J, Turner, P, Hopkins, J, Amornchai, P, Wuthiekanun, V, Cusack, T-P, Baird, R, Hennessy, J, Norton, R, Armstrong, M, Zange, S, Zoeller, L, Wahab, T, Jacob, D, Grunow, R, and Kahlmeter, G

Subjects
bacterial infections and mycoses
Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, requires intensive antimicrobial treatment. However, standardized antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) methodology based on modern principles for determining breakpoints and ascertaining performance of methods are lacking for B. pseudomallei. This study aimed to establish MIC and zone diameter distributions on which to set epidemiological cut-off (ECOFF) values for B. pseudomallei using standard EUCAST methodology for non-fastidious organisms. METHODS: Non-consecutive, non-duplicate clinical B. pseudomallei isolates (9-70 per centre) were tested at eight study centres against eight antimicrobials by broth microdilution (BMD) and the EUCAST disc diffusion method. Isolates without and with suspected resistance mechanisms were deliberately selected. The EUCAST Development Laboratory ensured the quality of study materials, and provided guidance on performance of the tests and interpretation of results. Aggregated results were analysed according to EUCAST recommendations to determine ECOFFs. RESULTS: MIC and zone diameter distributions were generated using BMD and disc diffusion results obtained for 361 B. pseudomallei isolates. MIC and zone diameter ECOFFs (mg/L; mm) were determined for amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (8; 22), ceftazidime (8; 22), imipenem (2; 29), meropenem (2; 26), doxycycline (2; none), tetracycline (8; 23), chloramphenicol (8; 22) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (4; 28). CONCLUSIONS: We have validated the use of standard BMD and disc diffusion methodology for AST of B. pseudomallei. The MIC and zone diameter distributions generated in this study allowed us to establish MIC and zone diameter ECOFFs for the antimicrobials studied. These ECOFFs served as background data for EUCAST to set clinical MIC and zone diameter breakpoints for B. pseudomallei.

Published
2020

26. Geographical Variability Affects CCHFV Detection by RT-PCR: A Tool for In-Silico Evaluation of Molecular Assays

Author

Gruber, C.E.M. (Cesare E M), Bartolini, B. (Barbara), Castilletti, C. (Concetta), Mirazimi, A. (Ali), Hewson, R. (Roger), Christova, I., Avšič, T. (Tatjana), Grunow, R. (Roland), Papa, A. (Anna), Sanchez-Seco, M.P. (Maria Paz), Kopmans, M. (Marion), Ippolito, G. (Giuseppe), Capobianchi, M.R. (Maria Rosaria), Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), Caro, A.D. (Antonino Di), Gruber, C.E.M. (Cesare E M), Bartolini, B. (Barbara), Castilletti, C. (Concetta), Mirazimi, A. (Ali), Hewson, R. (Roger), Christova, I., Avšič, T. (Tatjana), Grunow, R. (Roland), Papa, A. (Anna), Sanchez-Seco, M.P. (Maria Paz), Kopmans, M. (Marion), Ippolito, G. (Giuseppe), Capobianchi, M.R. (Maria Rosaria), Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), and Caro, A.D. (Antonino Di)

Abstract

The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is considered to be a major emerging infectious threat, according to the WHO R&D blueprint. A wide range of CCHFV molecular assays have been developed, employing varied primer/probe combinations. The high genetic variability of CCHFV often hampers the efficacy of available molecular tests and can affect their diagnostic potential. Recently, increasing numbers of complete CCHFV genomic sequences have become available, allowing a better appreciation of the genomic evolution of this virus. We summarized the current knowledge on molecular methods and developed a new bioinformatics tool to evaluate the existing assays for CCHFV detection, with a special focus on strains ci

Published
2019
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27. Laboratory management of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus infections: perspectives from two European networks

Author

Bartolini, B., Gruber, C.E.M., Koopmans D.V.M., M.P.G. (Marion), Avsic, T., Bino, S., Christova, I., Grunow, R., Hewson, R., Korukluoglu, G., Lemos, C.M., Mirazimi, A., Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Sauer, A.V. (Aisha), Zeller, H., Nisii, C., Capobianchi, M.R., Ippolito, G., Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), Di Caro, A, Bartolini, B., Gruber, C.E.M., Koopmans D.V.M., M.P.G. (Marion), Avsic, T., Bino, S., Christova, I., Grunow, R., Hewson, R., Korukluoglu, G., Lemos, C.M., Mirazimi, A., Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Sauer, A.V. (Aisha), Zeller, H., Nisii, C., Capobianchi, M.R., Ippolito, G., Reusken, C.B.E.M. (Chantal), and Di Caro, A

Abstract

Background: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is considered an emerging infectious disease threat in the European Union. Since 2000, the incidence and geographic range of confirmed CCHF cases have markedly increased, following changes in the distribution of its main vector, Hyalomma ticks. Aims: To review scientific literature and collect experts’ opinion to analyse relevant aspects of the laboratory management of human CCHF cases and any exposed contacts, as well as identify areas for advancement of international collaborative preparedness and laboratory response plans. Methods: We conducted a literature review on CCHF molecular diagnostics through an online search. Further, we obtained expert opinions on the key laboratory aspects of CCHF diagnosis. Consulted experts were members of two European projects, EMERGE (Efficient response to highly dangerous and emerging pathogens at EU level) and EVDLabNet (Emerging Viral Diseases-Expert Laborator

Published
2019
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28. Geographical Variability Affects CCHFV Detection by RT-PCR: A Tool for In-Silico Evaluation of Molecular Assays

Author

Gruber, CEM, Bartolini, B, Castilletti, C, Mirazimi, A, Hewson, R, Christova, I, Avsic, T, Grunow, R, Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Koopmans, Marion, Ippolito, G, Capobianchi, MR, Reusken, Chantal, Di Caro, A, Gruber, CEM, Bartolini, B, Castilletti, C, Mirazimi, A, Hewson, R, Christova, I, Avsic, T, Grunow, R, Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Koopmans, Marion, Ippolito, G, Capobianchi, MR, Reusken, Chantal, and Di Caro, A

Published
2019

29. Laboratory management of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus infections: perspectives from two European networks

Author

Bartolini, B, Gruber, CEM, Koopmans, Marion, Avsic, T, Bino, S, Christova, I, Grunow, R, Hewson, R, Korukluoglu, G, Lemos, CM, Mirazimi, A, Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Sauer, AV, Zeller, H, Nisii, C, Capobianchi, MR, Ippolito, G, Reusken, Chantal, Di Caro, A, Bartolini, B, Gruber, CEM, Koopmans, Marion, Avsic, T, Bino, S, Christova, I, Grunow, R, Hewson, R, Korukluoglu, G, Lemos, CM, Mirazimi, A, Papa, A, Sanchez-Seco, MP, Sauer, AV, Zeller, H, Nisii, C, Capobianchi, MR, Ippolito, G, Reusken, Chantal, and Di Caro, A

Published
2019

30. The contribution of the European high containment laboratories during the 2014–2015 Ebola Virus Disease emergency

Author

Nisii, C., Vincenti, D., Fusco, F.M., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., Carbonnelle, C., Raoul, H., Eickmann, M., Hewson, R., Brave, A., Nuncio, S., Sanchez-Seco, M.P., Palyi, B., Kis, Z., Zange, S., Nitsche, A., Kurth, A., Strasser, M., Capobianchi, M.R., Ozin, A., Guglielmetti, P., Menel-Lemos, C., Jacob, D., Grunow, R., Ippolito, G., and Di Caro, A.

Published
2017
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40. Harmonizing methods for wildlife abundance estimation and pathogen detection in Europe-a questionnaire survey on three selected host-pathogen combinations

Author

Sonnenburg, J. (Jana), Ryser-Degiorgis, M.-P., Kuiken, T. (Thijs), Ferroglio, E. (Ezio), Ulrich, R.G. (Rainer), Conraths, F.J. (Franz J.), Gortazar, C. (Christian), Staubach, C. (Christoph), Acevedo, P. (Pelayo), Gasca, J.M. (Javier Millán), Marco, I. (Ignasi), Prado, M.M. (Marcos Miñarro), Ruiz-Fons, F. (Francisco), Agreiter, A. (Andreas), Cadamuro, A. (Andrea), Calabrese, M.S. (Maria S.), Capelli, G. (Gioia), Casulli, A. (Adriano), Cetto, E. (Ermanno), Chiari, M. (Mario), Lavazza, A. (Antonio), Orusa, R. (Riccardo), Sommavilla, G. (Gianmaria), Zamboni, U. (Umberto), Bajer, A.A. (Anna A.), Lipowski, A. (Andrzej), Barlow, A. (Alex), Learmount, J. (Jane), Duff, J.P. (J. Paul), Billinis, C. (Charalambos), Boue, F. (Franck), Hars, J. (Jean), Rossi, S., de Carvalho, I.L. (Isabel Lopes), Núncio, S. (Sofia), Dekkers, L.J.M. (Leo J. M.), Maas, M., Deplazes, P. (Peter), Meier, R. (Roman), Glawischnig, W. (Walter), Steinrigl, A. (Adolf), Golovljova, I., Grunow, R. (Roland), Jacob, J. (Jens), Romig, T. (Thomas), Tomaso, H. (Herbert), Isomursu, M. (Marja), Korro, M.K. (Marja Kastriot), Linden, A. (Annick), Morozov, V. (Viacheslav), Stanko, M. (Michal), Turcinaviciene, J. (Jurga), Sonnenburg, J. (Jana), Ryser-Degiorgis, M.-P., Kuiken, T. (Thijs), Ferroglio, E. (Ezio), Ulrich, R.G. (Rainer), Conraths, F.J. (Franz J.), Gortazar, C. (Christian), Staubach, C. (Christoph), Acevedo, P. (Pelayo), Gasca, J.M. (Javier Millán), Marco, I. (Ignasi), Prado, M.M. (Marcos Miñarro), Ruiz-Fons, F. (Francisco), Agreiter, A. (Andreas), Cadamuro, A. (Andrea), Calabrese, M.S. (Maria S.), Capelli, G. (Gioia), Casulli, A. (Adriano), Cetto, E. (Ermanno), Chiari, M. (Mario), Lavazza, A. (Antonio), Orusa, R. (Riccardo), Sommavilla, G. (Gianmaria), Zamboni, U. (Umberto), Bajer, A.A. (Anna A.), Lipowski, A. (Andrzej), Barlow, A. (Alex), Learmount, J. (Jane), Duff, J.P. (J. Paul), Billinis, C. (Charalambos), Boue, F. (Franck), Hars, J. (Jean), Rossi, S., de Carvalho, I.L. (Isabel Lopes), Núncio, S. (Sofia), Dekkers, L.J.M. (Leo J. M.), Maas, M., Deplazes, P. (Peter), Meier, R. (Roman), Glawischnig, W. (Walter), Steinrigl, A. (Adolf), Golovljova, I., Grunow, R. (Roland), Jacob, J. (Jens), Romig, T. (Thomas), Tomaso, H. (Herbert), Isomursu, M. (Marja), Korro, M.K. (Marja Kastriot), Linden, A. (Annick), Morozov, V. (Viacheslav), Stanko, M. (Michal), and Turcinaviciene, J. (Jurga)

Abstract

__Background:__ The need for wildlife health surveillance as part of disease control in wildlife, domestic animals and humans on the global level is widely recognized. However, the objectives, methods and intensity of existing wildlife health surveillance programs vary greatly among European countries, resulting in a patchwork of data that are difficult to merge and compare. This survey aimed at evaluating the need and potential for data harmonization in wildlife health in Europe. The specific objective was to collect information on methods currently used to estimate host abundance and pathogen prevalence. Questionnaires were designed to

Published
2017
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42. Analysis of a newly discovered antigen of Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis for its suitability in specific serological antibody testing.

Author

Dupke, S., Barduhn, A., Franz, T., Leendertz, F.H., Couacy‐Hymann, E., Grunow, R., and Klee, S.R.

Subjects
ANTIGENS, BACILLUS cereus, SEROLOGY, IMMUNOGLOBULINS, GEL electrophoresis
Abstract

Aims: The aim of this work was to identify a protein which can be used for specific detection of antibodies against Bacillus cereus biovar anthracis (Bcbva), an anthrax‐causing pathogen that so far has been described in African rainforest areas. Methods and Results: Culture supernatants of Bcbva and classic Bacillus anthracis (Ba) were analysed by gel electrophoresis, and a 35‐kDa protein secreted only by Bcbva and not Ba was detected. The protein was identified as pXO2‐60 by mass spectrometry. Sequence analysis showed that Ba is unable to secrete this protein due to a premature stop codon in the sequence for the signal peptide. Immunization of five outbred mice with sterile bacterial culture supernatants of Bcbva revealed an immune response in ELISA against pXO2‐60 (three mice positive, one borderline) and the protective antigen (PA; four mice). When supernatants of classic Ba were injected into mice or human sera from anthrax patients were analysed, only antibodies against PA were detected. Conclusions: In combination with PA, the pXO2‐60 protein can be used for the detection of antibodies specific against Bcbva and discriminating from Ba. Significance and Impact of the Study: After further validation, serological assays based on pXO2‐60 can be used to perform seroprevalence studies to determine the epidemiology of B. cereus bv anthracis in affected countries and assess its impact on the human population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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43. Tularämie in Deutschland – Falldarstellung und fallbezogene Untersuchungen zur Seroprävalenz sowie Erregerprävalenz von Francisella tularensis in Zecken im südlichen Sachsen-Anhalt

Author

Lübbert, C, Hagedorn, P, Volkmar, S, Taege, C, Ettrich, T, Seufferlein, T, and Grunow, R

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Hintergrund: Die Tularämie tritt in Deutschland zunehmend häufiger auf, wie beim Robert-Koch-Institut (RKI) 2007–2009 registrierte Fallhäufungen belegen. Anhand des Fallberichtes einer jungen Patientin, der den seit vielen Jahren ersten Fall einer durch Zeckenstich übertragenen[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 10. Kongress für Infektionskrankheiten und Tropenmedizin (KIT 2010)

Published
2010
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44. Nagetiere und Nagetierassoziierte Krankheitserreger (Rodents and rodent associated disease pathogen)

Author

Ulrich, RG, Heckel, Gerald, Pelz, HJ, Wieler, LH, Nordhoff, M., Dobler, G., Freise, J., Matuschka, FR, Jacob, J., Schmidt-Chanasit, J., Gerstengarbe, FW, Jaekel, T., Suess, J., Ehlers, B., Nitsche, A., Kallies, R., Johne, R., Guenther, S., Henning, K., Grunow, R., Wenk, W., Maul, LC, Hunfeld, KP, Woelfel, R., Schares, G., Scholz, HC, Brockmann, SO, Pfeffer, M., and Essbauer, SS

Published
2009
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50. Changes in the repertoire of natural antibodies caused by immunization with bacterial antigens

Author

Shilova, N V, Navakouski, M J, Huflejt, M, Kuehn, A, Grunow, R, Blixt, Klas Ola, Bovin, N V, Shilova, N V, Navakouski, M J, Huflejt, M, Kuehn, A, Grunow, R, Blixt, Klas Ola, and Bovin, N V

Abstract

The repertoire of natural anti-glycan antibodies in naïve chickens and in chickens immunized with bacteria Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, and Francisella tularensis as well as with peptides from an outer membrane protein of B. pseudomallei was studied. A relatively restricted pattern of natural antibodies (first of all IgY against bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan fragments, L-Rha, and core N-acetyllactosamine) shrank and, moreover, the level of detectable antibodies decreased as a result of immunization.

Published
2011

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