Search

El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar la estructura factorial de un modelo de rasgos positivos de la personalidad en una muestra de población clínica, analizar diferencias en los rasgos positivos en comparación con una de población general y estudiar las asociaciones entre los rasgos positivos y la sintomatología psicológica en la muestra de población clínica. La muestra clínica estaba compuesta por 185 sujetos residentes en argentina cuyo promedio de edad era de 30.19 años (DE = 11.59, 59.5% mujeres, 40.5% varones). La muestra de población general estaba compuesta por 203 sujetos residentes en argentina cuya edad promedio era de 31.63 años (DE = 10.22, 64.5% mujeres, 35.5% hombres. Los resultados de lo estudios psicométricos de la medida de rasgos positivos indicaron el buen funcionamiento de la medida en población. Se encontró que los participantes pertenecientes a población clínica presentaron menor presencia de rasgos positivos de la personalidad en comparación con los individuos de población general y que los rasgos positivos de la personalidad se asociaron de forma negativa con la presencia de la mayoría de los síntomas psicopatológicos.

The aim of this paper was generating a short form of the Positive Traits Inventory (PTI-5-SF) by means of three consecutive studies, using a cross-sectional design. The first study tested the psychometric properties of the shorter version of PTI-5. Results showed that a 25-item scale was appropriate to capture the five positive traits of the Positive Personality Model (PPM). In the second study, the PTI-5-SF was used to replicate the analyses of PPM traits and different job outcomes, such as performance, satisfaction, and well-being. Here we found that the PPM traits, as measured by the short form, increased the variance explained by the normal traits in all job outcomes. The third study replicated the explicative model of academic achievement that included PPM traits as background variables. Fit indexes and effects were as expected and replicated the results found with the long form. The PTI-5-SF can be recommended as an appropriate measure of PPM traits since its psychometric properties proved to be adequate and the results obtained with the long form were appropriately replicated with the short form. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi gerar uma forma abreviada do Inventário de Traços Positivos (PTI-5-SF) por meio de três estudos consecutivos, utilizando um desenho transversal. O primeiro estudo testou as propriedades psicométricas da versão mais curta do PTI-5. Os resultados mostraram que uma escala de 25 itens foi adequada para capturar os cinco traços positivos do Modelo de Personalidade Positiva (PPM). No segundo estudo, o PTI-5-SF foi usado para replicar análises de traços de PPM e diferentes resultados de trabalho, como desempenho, satisfação e bem-estar. Aqui descobrimos que os traços de PPM, medidos por taquigrafia, a variância explicada por traços normais em todos os resultados do trabalho. O terceiro estudo replicou o modelo explicativo de desempenho acadêmico que incluiu traços de PPM como variáveis de fundo. Os índices de ajuste e efeitos foram os esperados e replicaram os resultados encontrados com a forma longa. O PTI-5-SF pode ser recomendado como uma medida adequada de traços de PPM, pois suas propriedades psicométricas se mostraram adequadas e os resultados com a forma longa foram adequadamente replicados com a forma curta. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

The objectives of this paper were to study if the traits of the Positive Personality Model (PPM; de la Iglesia and Castro Solano, in Front Psychol 9:2025, 2018) were stable throughout time, if patients perceived change in psychotherapy process, and if positive traits at the beginning of the treatment (Time 1) predicted psychotherapy progress after 3 (Time 2) and 6 (Time 3) months of psychological treatment. The sample was composed of 38 subjects, with a mean age of 38.82 (SD = 12.76; 63.2% female; 36.8% male), who had just initiated psychotherapy treatment (Time 1). Results of a repeated measures ANOVA indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in the positive traits within the three moments that were measured. On the contrary, the level of perceived (lack of) psychotherapy progress diminished significantly in each assessment. Since the measure is reversed, this indicates an increment in the self-perception of the patients regarding the progress in psychotherapy. Moreover, a model in which the positive traits in Time 1 were predictors of psychotherapy progress in Time 2 and in Time 3 resulted statistically significant. Of all the positive traits, sprightliness was the only significant predictor. It is concluded that positive traits are characterized by stability throughout time and that, once again, sprightliness stands out as the main predictor of desirable outcomes.

El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar psicométricamente una medida de parentalidad percibida adaptable a las configuraciones familiares actuales y a los objetivos de investigación vigentes en el área. Para ello se analizó una muestra de adolescentes (n = 443, MEDAD = 15.49 años, DEEDAD = 1.85, 50.6% varones, 49.4% mujeres) y una muestra de adultos (n = 512, MEDAD = 40.83 años, DEEDAD = 15.05, 49.6% varones, 50.4% mujeres) utilizando un instrumento diseñado especialmente para este fin. Los análisis efectuados derivaron en un instrumento (Escala de Parentalidad Percibida; EPP) de veinte elementos pasible de ser utilizado tanto en adolescentes (EPP-ADO) como en adultos (EPP-ADU) con familias de origen diversas. La medida cuenta con evidencias de validez que fundamentan su estructura bidimensional en todas sus versiones y que habilitan a estudios comparativos de los resultados obtenidos con las mismas. Además, los análisis con distintos criterios externos replican los resultados comúnmente hallados cuando se analiza la parentalidad percibida en relación con la sintomatología psicológica, el bienestar y los estilos de afrontamiento. Se proveen baremos para su transferencia al ámbito de aplicación. Mediante la EPP se pueden estudiar las dos dimensiones centrales de la parentalidad (respuesta y demanda) y su combinación en el análisis de estilos parentales tanto en cuidadores primarios como secundarios.

The aim of this research was to study the association between the Positive Personality Model (PPM) traits and the state of complete mental health as conceived by the Dual Factor Model (DFM). The sample was composed of 1502 Argentinean adults from the general population (age: M = 39.79, SD = 14.23; gender: 50.1% male, 49.9% female). A cluster analysis replicated the four-group classification of the DFM: complete mental health, symptomatic but content, troubled and vulnerable. The complete mental health cluster showed a significantly higher presence of sprightliness, serenity, moderation and integrity than the other groups. As for humanity, the complete mental health and the symptomatic but content groups had the highest scores. Sprightliness and serenity increased the odds of belonging to the complete mental health group while integrity and humanity decreased these odds. Implications for the Argentinean population are discussed.

This research aimed at testing an explicative model of academic achievement of college students. Positive personality traits were hypothesized as the main predictors. Mental health and academic adjustment were tested as mediator variables. This model intended to reflect the main hypothesis that academic achievement is multi-determined and non-intellectual variables play an important role in explaining it. Sample was composed of 256 college students of different majors. The results obtained highlighted the importance of differentiating subjective and objective academic achievement in terms of academic adjustment (AA) and grade point average (GPA), respectively. The explicative model that included positive traits as background variables confirmed the mediating role of mental health and AA in explaining GPA. Sprightliness was the most important predictor of academic achievement in comparison to the other positive traits studied. It is concluded that positive personality traits play an important role in academic outcomes. Keywords: academic adjustment, academic achievement, personality traits, positive traits.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar si el funcionamiento óptimo de trabajadores activos -entendido como una combinación de alto bienestar y performance- podía explicarse por la presencia de rasgos positivos de la personalidad. Se trabajó con una muestra de 400 trabajadores activos argentinos de entre 18 y 66 años (MEDAD=36.50, DE=11.81, 49.5% varones, 50.5% mujeres). Los resultados de regresiones lineales múltiples indicaron que los rasgos positivos incrementan la varianza explicada de las variables laborales estudiadas -performance, satisfacción y bienestar- al comparárselo con un modelo de predicción que solo incluía rasgos normales. Además, en un análisis discriminante, se concluyó que de todos los rasgos ?positivos y normales- el que mejor discriminaba los grupos de alto/bajo funcionamiento óptimo era el rasgo positivo sprightliness. This research aimed to analyzewhether positive traits could explain optimal functioning, the combination of high well-being and performance, of active workers. The sample comprised 400 active Argentinean workers between the ages of 18 and 66 years old (MAGE=36.50, SD=11.81, 49.5% male, 50.5% female). Multiple lineal regressions revealed that positive traits increase the explained variance of the work variables (performance, satisfaction and well-being) in comparison to a prediction model that only included normal traits. Also, discriminant analysis revealed that of all traits, positive and normal, the only one that better discriminated the high/low optimal functioning groups was the positive trait sprightliness. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar se o funcionamento ótimo de trabalhadores ativos – entendidos como uma combinação de alto bem-estar e desempenho – poderia ser explicado pela presença de traços positivos de personalidade. Trabalhamos com uma amostra de 400 trabalhadores ativos argentinos entre 18 e 66 anos de idade (M=36.50, DP=11.81, 49.5% homens, 50.5% mulheres). Os resultados das regressões lineares múltiplas indicam que as características positivas aumentam a variância explicada das variáveis de trabalho estudadas – desempenho, satisfação e bem-estar – quando comparadas com um modelo de previsão que inclui apenas características normais. Além disso, em uma análise discriminante, concluiu-se que de todas as características – positiva e normal – a única que melhor discriminou os grupos de alta/baixa funcionalidade foi a característica positiva sprightliness. Palavras-chave: traços positivos, modelo positivo de personalidade, ótimo funcionamento, trabalhadores, psicologia organizacional, personalidade. L’objectif de ce travail était d’identifier si le fonctionnement optimal des travailleurs actifs – compris comme une combinaison de bien-être et de performance – pouvait s’expliquer par la présence de traits de personnalité positifs. Nous avons travaillé avec un échantillon de 400 travailleurs actifs argentins âgés de 18 à 66 ans (MAGE=36.50, ET=11.81, 49.5% d’hommes, 50.5% de femmes). Les résultats des régressions linéaires multiples indiquent que les traits positifs augmentent la variance expliquée des variables du travail étudiées – performance, satisfaction et bien-être – par rapport à un modèle de prédiction qui ne comprenait que des traits normaux. En outre, dans une analyse discriminante, il a été conclu que de tous les traits – positifs et normaux – le seul qui a le mieux discriminé les groupes fonctionnels haut / bas était le trait positif vivacité. Mots clés: traits positifs, modèle de personnalité positive, fonctionnement optimal, travailleurs, psychologie organisationnelle, personnalité. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Lupano Perugini, Maria Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Castro Solano, Alejandro. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

This research aimed to analyzewhether positive traits could explain optimal functioning, the combination of high well-being and performance, of active workers. The sample comprised 400 active Argentinean workers between the ages of 18 and 66 years old (MAGE=36.50, SD=11.81, 49.5% male, 50.5% female). Multiple lineal regressions revealed that positive traits increase the explained variance of the work variables (performance, satisfaction and well-being) in comparison to a prediction model that only included normal traits. Also, discriminant analysis revealed that of all traits, positive and normal, the only one that better discriminated the high/low optimal functioning groups was the positive trait sprightliness. El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar si el funcionamiento óptimo de trabajadores activos —entendido como una combinación de alto bienestar y performance— podía explicarse por la presencia de rasgos positivos de la personalidad. Se trabajó con una muestra de 400 trabajadores activos argentinos de entre 18 y 66 años (Medad=36.50, DE=11.81, 49.5% varones, 50.5% mujeres). Los resultados de regresiones lineales múltiples indicaron que los rasgos positivos incrementan la varianza explicada de las variables laborales estudiadas —performance, satisfacción y bienestar— al comparárselo con un modelo de predicción que solo incluía rasgos normales. Además, en un análisis discriminante, se concluyó que de todos los rasgos —positivos y normales— el que mejor discriminaba los grupos de alto/bajo funcionamiento óptimo era el rasgo positivo sprightliness. L’objectif de ce travail était d’identifier si le fonctionnement optimal des travailleurs actifs – compris comme une combinaison de bien-être et de performance – pouvait s’expliquer par la présence de traits de personnalité positifs. Nous avons travaillé avec un échantillon de 400 travailleurs actifs argentins âgés de 18 à 66 ans (MAGE=36.50, ET=11.81, 49.5% d’hommes, 50.5% de femmes). Les résultats des régressions linéaires multiples indiquent que les traits positifs augmentent la variance expliquée des variables du travail étudiées – performance, satisfaction et bien-être – par rapport à un modèle de prédiction qui ne comprenait que des traits normaux. En outre, dans une analyse discriminante, il a été conclu que de tous les traits – positifs et normaux – le seul qui a le mieux discriminé les groupes fonctionnels haut / bas était le trait positif vivacité. O objetivo deste trabalho foi identificar se o funcionamento ótimo de trabalhadores ativos – entendidos como uma combinação de alto bem-estar e desempenho – poderia ser explicado pela presença de traços positivos de personalidade. Trabalhamos com uma amostra de 400 trabalhadores ativos argentinos entre 18 e 66 anos de idade (M=36.50, DP=11.81, 49.5% homens, 50.5% mulheres). Os resultados das regressões lineares múltiplas indicam que as características positivas aumentam a variância explicada das variáveis de trabalho estudadas – desempenho, satisfação e bem-estar – quando comparadas com um modelo de previsão que inclui apenas características normais. Além disso, em uma análise discriminante, concluiu-se que de todas as características – positiva e normal – a única que melhor discriminou os grupos de alta/baixa funcionalidade foi a característica positiva sprightliness.

espanolProbablemente uno de los mayores retos a la hora de abordar la ansiedad sea delimitar adecuadamente lo que el constructo abarca. El proposito de este trabajo es realizar una revision del constructo ansiedad en la psicologia a fin de contribuir en su delimitacion. En primer lugar, se examina el origen del termino ansiedad y se lo discrimina de otros terminos coincidentes o estrechamente relacionados como angustia, miedo y estres. A continuacion, se realiza un recorrido historico sobre el concepto ansiedad y su evolucion en la psicologia hasta arribar a la conceptualizacion mas actualizada. Finalmente adoptando como marco teorico la teoria cognitiva de la ansiedad (Clark & Beck, 2012), se delimita el constructo ansiedad y se realiza una diferenciacion entre ansiedad normal, ansiedad como rasgo de personalidad y ansiedad patologica. EnglishProbably one of the biggest challenges when dealing with anxiety is to delimit adequately what the construct covers. The purpose of this work is to perform a revision of the anxiety construct in psychology in order to contribute to its delimitation. In the first place, the origin of the term anxiety is examined and it is discriminated from other coinciding or closely related terms such as anguish, fear and stress. Next, a historical journey is made about the anxiety concept and its evolution in psychology until arriving at the most updated conceptualization. Finally, adopting the cognitive theory of anxiety as a theoretical framework (Clark & Beck, 2012), the anxiety construct is delimited and a differentiation is made between normal anxiety, anxiety as a personality trait and pathological anxiety.

La ansiedad es un constructo complejo que requiere la valoración de múltiples dimensiones. Conforme fue creciendo el conocimiento sobre los mecanismos implicados en la respuesta de ansiedad, se fue diversificando la tecnología utilizada para su evaluación. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar un recorrido instrumental por la evaluación de las distintas dimensiones, definidas según la teoría cognitivo-conductual de la ansiedad (Clark & Beck, 2012). Con tal propósito, se exponen las principales técnicas utilizadas y las propuestas instrumentales generadas por los diferentes modelos teóricos que abordan la ansiedad con sus ventajas y limitaciones. Asimismo, se analizan las aplicaciones clí- nicas de la evaluación multidimensional de la ansiedad, así como sus alcances en investigación clínica. Anxiety is a complex construct that requires the assessment of multiple dimensions. As the body of knowledge about the mechanisms involved in the anxiety response increased, the technology used for its evaluation was diversified. The objective of this work is to carry out an instrumental journey through the evaluation of the different dimensions, defined in light of the cognitive behavioral theory of anxiety (Clark & Beck, 2012). With this purpose, the main techniques used and the instrumental proposals generated by the different theoretical models that address anxiety are exposed along with their advantages and limitations. In addition, the clinical applications of the multidimensional evaluation of anxiety, as well as its scope in clinical research, are analyzed. Fil: Diaz Kuaik, Iliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

El trabajo se propone aportar evidencias de validez referidas al Listado de Síntomas Breve (LSB-50; de Rivera y Abuín, 2012), instrumento psicométrico de screening para medir síntomas sicológicos, analizadas en una muestra de adultos argentinos. Los participantes fueron 1291 individuos distribuidos proporcionalmente según sexo (51% mujeres; 49% varones) con edades entre 18 y 89 años (M = 38.9, DE = 16.49). Se llevaron a cabo estudios de validación cruzada e invarianza factorial para examinar si un modelo de siete factores que se correspondía con siete escalas clínicas (Hipersensibilidad, ObsesionesCompulsiones, Ansiedad, Hostilidad, Somatización, Depresión, y Alteraciones del sueño) presentaba un ajuste adecuado y un funcionamiento similar en muestras diferenciadas según sexo y edad de los evaluados. Esta estructura heptafactorial exhibió un buen ajuste en las cuatro submuestras. Tras analizar simultáneamente el ajuste en las submuestras mencionadas a través de modelos jerárquicos en los que se impusieron distintas restricciones de igualdad, se arribó a resultados que indicaron la invarianza de las siete dimensiones del LSB-50. El cálculo de alfas ordinales indicó un buen nivel de consistencia interna para todas las escalas. Finalmente, las correlaciones con una medida externa de diagnóstico de psicopatología ?el Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 2007)? indicaron, tal como se esperaba, una convergencia moderada. Se concluye que los análisis realizados proveen de contundentes evidencias de validez sobre los resultados arrojados por el LSB-50. This paper aims at obtaining evidence of validity of the LSB-50 (de Rivera y Abuín, 2012), a screening measure of psychopathology, in Argentinean adults. The sample consisted of 1291 individuals (49% males; 51% females) between 18 and 89 years-old (M = 38.9; SD = 16.49). A cross-validation study and factorial invariance studies were performed to test, in samples divided by sex and age, if a seven-factor structure that corresponds to seven clinical scales (Hypersensitivity, Obsessive-Compulsive, Anxiety, Hostility, Somatization, Depression, and Sleep disturbance) was adequate for the LSB-50. The seven-factor structure showed a good fit in all the subsamples. Next, the fit of the seven-factor structure was studied simultaneously in the aforementioned subsamples, through hierarchical models that imposed different constrains of equivalency. Results indicated the invariance of the seven clinical dimensions of the LSB-50. Ordinal alphas showed good internal consistency for all the scales. Finally, correlations with a diagnostic measure of psychopathology -el Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 2007)- indicated, as expected, moderate convergence. It is concluded that the analyses performed provide robust evidence of construct validity for the LSB-50. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina Fil: Castro Solano, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina

El Inventario de Evaluación de la Personalidad para adolescentes (pai-a, por sus siglas en inglés) examina la sintomatología psicopatológica y las variables vinculadas al diseño de intervenciones psicoterapéuticas. Consta de 264 ítems para su uso en la evaluación clínica de adolescentes entre 12 y 18 años. Incluye escalas de validez clínicas, relacionadas con el tratamiento y de relación interpersonal. Objetivo: en este trabajo se presentan análisis psicométricos del Inventario de Evaluación de la Personalidad para adolescentes. Método: Participaron 1.002 adolescentes (50,3% mujeres, 49,7% varones; Medad = 14,99; de = 1,88), residentes en la ciudad de Buenos Aires y alrededores, en Argentina. Se calcularon alfas de Cronbach para estimar la consistencia interna, y se advirtieron valores excelentes para las escalas clínicas, relacionadas con el tratamiento y de relación interpersonal, y aceptables para las escalas de validez y subescalas. Resultados: se examinó la dimensionalidad mediante análisis de componentes principales con rotación Varimax. Se aisló una estructura de cuatro factores al incluir las 22 escalas, mientras que al analizar las 11 clínicas, se obtuvieron dos factores. Conclusiones: como conclusión, se aportan evidencias de la calidad psicométrica del pai-a para su uso con adolescentes de Buenos Aires, cubriendo un área de vacancia en la evaluación psicológica local. Futuras investigaciones deberán ampliar esos análisis de calidad psicométrica, así como replicar los procedimientos en muestras clínicas. The Personality Assessment Inventory for Adolescents (pai-a) examines the psychopathological symptomatology and variables related to the design of psychotherapeutic interventions. It is composed of 264 items for use in the clinical assessment of adolescents between 12-18 years old. Validity, clinical, treatment-related, and interpersonal relationship scales are included. Purpose: This paper presents psychometric analyses of the Personality Assessment Inventory for Adolescents. Method: The participants were 1,002 adolescents (50.3% women, 49.7% men, Mage=14.99, sd=1.88) living in Buenos Aires (Argentina) and on the outskirts. Cronbach’s alphas were calculated to estimate internal consistency, with excellent values for clinical, treatment-related and interpersonal relationship scales, and acceptable values for validity scales and subscales. Results: Dimensionality was examined by principal component analysis with a varimax rotation. A four-factor structure was isolated by including the 22 scales, whereas two factors were obtained when analyzing the 11 clinical scales. Conclusions: We provide evidence of the psychometric quality of the pai-a for use with adolescents from Buenos Aires, filling a gap in local psychological assessment. Further research should extend these psychometric quality analyses, and replicate the procedures in clinical samples. o Inventário de Avaliação da Personalidade para adolescentes (pai-a, por sua sigla em inglês) examina a sintomatologia psicopatológica e as variáveis vinculadas ao desenho de intervenções psicoterapéuticas. Consta de 264 itens para seu uso na avaliação clínica de adolescentes entre 12 e 18 anos. Inclui escalas de validade, clínicas, relacionadas com o tratamento e de relação interpessoal. Objetivo: neste trabalho, apresentam-se análises psicométricas do pai-a. Método: participaram 1 002 adolescentes (50,3 % mulheres, 49,7 % homens; midade=14,99; de=1,88), residentes na cidade de Buenos Aires e municípios vizinhos. Calcularam-se alfas de Cronbach para estimar a consistência interna, advertendo-se valores excelentes para as escalas clínicas, relacionadas com o tratamento e de relação interpessoal, e aceitáveis para as escalas de validade e subescalas. Resultados: examinou-se a dimensionalidade mediante análise de componentes principais com rotação Varimax. Isolou-se uma estrutura de quatro fatores ao incluir as 22 escalas, enquanto, ao analisar as 11 clínicas, foram obtidos dois fatores. Conclusões: como conclusão, contribuem-se com evidências da qualidade psicométrica do pai-a para seu uso com adolescentes de Buenos Aires, preenchendo um vazio na avaliação psicológica local. Futuras pesquisas deverão ampliar essas análises de qualidade psicométrica bem como reproduzir os procedimentos em amostras clínicas. Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Castro Solano, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina

This research aimed at describing perceived social support and its relation to academic achievement in a sample of 760 Argentinean college students. Perception of social support was assessed in terms of four possible sources: parents, teachers, classmates, and boyfriend/girlfriend or best friend. Academic achievement was measured using three different indicators: the rate of passed, failed and dropped classes in the time since the academic career was initiated. The main hypothesis posed was that a higher perception of social support would be related to a better academic achievement (a bigger rate of passed classes, and a smaller rate of failed and dropped classes). Findings showed that women perceived significantly more support than men from all sources, except from teachers. Both males and females perceived more support from best friends or boyfriends/girlfriends, and identified teachers as the less supportive source. A higher perception of social support was associated with better academic achievement but only for females. Limitations of the study and implications for the set in motion of different interventions in the academic field, which could be specific to certain type of students, are discussed. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

La medición de la ansiedad debería contemplar la multidimensionalidad de este constructo. Los instrumentos de uso local presentan limitaciones relacionadas con su abordaje incompleto, el contenido de sus ítems, la capacidad para discriminar los síntomas ansiosos de los depresivos y la desactualización con respecto a los diagnósticos vigentes. Un instrumento que tome en cuenta la conceptualización multidimensional de ansiedad y los criterios diagnósticos para el trastorno de ansiedad según la última versión del Manual de Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) podría responder a las limitaciones de sus predecesores. La construcción de la Escala Multidimensional de Ansiedad (EMA) pretende dar respuesta a esta vacante y constituirse como un instrumento con buenas propiedades psicométricas destinado a la evaluación multidimensional de la sintomatología ansiosa en población adulta. El presente artículo describe el procedimiento llevado a cabo en la primera etapa de la construcción de la escala: redacción de los ítems, juicio experto y prueba piloto. Se modificó la redacción de la consigna, así como también el formato de respuesta y la redacción de algunos reactivos. El índice de acuerdo entre jueces indicó que 18 ítems contaban con poco acuerdo interjueces acerca de la pertenencia a la dimensión evaluada. The measurement of anxiety should contemplate its multidimensionality. The instruments of local use present limitations related to incomplete approach to the dimensions of the construct, the content of its items, the capacity to discriminate the anxious symptoms of the depressives and the outdatedness with respect to the most current diagnoses. An instrument that takes into account the multidimensional conceptualization of anxiety and diagnostic criteria for anxiety disorder according to the latest version of the Diagnostic and Treatment Manual (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association, 2013) may respond to the limitations of its predecessors. The construction of the Multidimensional Anxiety Scale (EMA) aims to respond to this vacancy and constitute an instrument with good psychometric properties intended for the multidimensional evaluation of anxious symptomatology in the adult population. The present article describes the procedure carried out in the ¿UVW the writing of some reagents. The index of agreement among judges indicated that 18 items had little inter-agreement about membership in the assessed dimension. Fil: Díaz Kuaik, Iliana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Departamento de Psicología; Argentina

The aim of this study was to test the ability to predict academic achievement through the perception of parenting and social support in a sample of 354 Argentinean college students. Their mean age was 23.50 years (standard deviation =2.62 years) and most of them (83.3%) were females. As a prerequisite for admission to college, students are required to pass a series of mandatory core classes and are expected to complete them in two semesters. Delay in completing the curriculum is considered low academic achievement. Parenting was assessed taking into account the mother and the father and considering two dimensions: responsiveness and demandingness. Perceived social support was analyzed considering four sources: parents, teachers, classmates, and best friend or boyfriend/girlfriend. Path analysis showed that, as hypothesized, responsiveness had a positive indirect effect on the perception of social support and enhanced achievement. Demandingness had a different effect in the case of the mother as compared to the father. In the mother model, demandingness had a positive direct effect on achievement. In the case of the father, however, the effect of demandingness had a negative and indirect impact on the perception of social support. Teachers were the only source of perceived social support that significantly predicted achievement. The pathway that belongs to teachers as a source of support was positive and direct. Implications for possible interventions are discussed. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Freiberg Hoffmann, Agustín. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina

El incremento de estudios exploratorios y confirmatorios en psicometría debido al avance tecnológico obliga a revisar su metodología. Generalmente estos estudios utilizan el coeficiente de correlación r de Pearson, diseñado para variables continuas y extendido posteriormente a las categóricas (dicotómicas o politómicas). Los paquetes estadísticos actuales permiten aplicar procedimientos robustos ideados específicamente para variables categóricas, entre los que se destacan las correlaciones tetracóricas y policóricas, cuya relevancia metodológica radica en que la mayoría de las escalas psicométricas se compone de reactivos dicotómicos y politómicos (principalmente formatos Likert). El presente trabajo expone en primer lugar particularidades vinculadas al uso de estos estadísticos, softwares que facilitan su ejecución, problemas asociados a su aplicación y posibles soluciones a los mismos. En segundo término se ejemplifican ambas metodologías tanto en análisis factorial exploratorio como confirmatorio Scientific advances and software development have increased the amount of exploratory and confirmatory studies in psychometric research. Regularly these studies use Pearson´s correlation coefficient, which was originally conceived to be used with continuous variables, and later was extended to categorical items (dichotomous or polytomous). Currently, improved statistical packages allow scientists to carry on robust procedures, designed specifically for categorical variables, among which stand out tetrachoric and polychoric correlations. Since most of psychometric scales consist in dichotomous and polytomous items (mainly Likert formats), the analysis of such correlations becomes methodologically relevant. This paper presents some peculiarities about the use of these statistics, different software packages to facilitate their implementation, as well as the usual problems associated with its employment, and the possible solutions are discussed

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo obtener evidencias de validez del LSB-50 (de Rivera & Abuín, 2012), un instrumento psicométrico de screening (despistaje) para medir psicopatología, en una muestra de adolescentes argentinos. Los participantes fueron 1002 individuos (49.7% hombres; 50.3% mujeres) de edades entre 12 y 18 años (M = 14.98; DE = 1.99). Se llevaron a cabo estudios de validación cruzada e invarianza factorial para probar la adecuación de un modelo de siete factores correspondientes a las siete escalas clínicas del LSB-50 (Hipersensibilidad, Obsesiones-Compulsiones, Ansiedad, Hostilidad, Somatización, Depresión, y Alteraciones del sueño) en muestras divididas de acuerdo al sexo y edad de los evaluados. La estructura de siete factores demostró tener un buen ajuste en las cuatro submuestras. Luego, el ajuste del modelo se estudió simultáneamente en las muestras mencionadas a través de modelos jerárquicos en los que se impusieron distintas restricciones de igualdad. Los resultados indicaron la invarianza de las siete dimensiones del LSB50. El cálculo de alfas ordinales indicó que todas las escalas tenían un buen nivel de consistencia interna. Finalmente, las correlaciones con una medida externa de diagnóstico de psicopatología (PAI-A) indicaron, tal como era esperado, una convergencia moderada. Se concluye que los análisis realizados proveen de contundente evidencias de validez del LSB-50. The aim of this paper was to obtain evidence of the validity of the LSB-50 (de Rivera & Abuín, 2012), a screening measure of psychopathology, in Argentinean adolescents. The sample consisted of 1002 individuals (49.7% male; 50.3% female) between 12 and 18 years-old (M = 14.98; SD = 1.99). A crossvalidation study and factorial invariance studies were performed in samples divided by sex and age to test if a seven-factor structure that corresponds to seven clinical scales (Hypersensitivity, Obsessive-Compulsive, Anxiety, Hostility, Somatization, Depression, and Sleep disturbance) was adequate for the LSB-50. The seven-factor structure proved to be suitable for all the subsamples. Next, the fi t of the seven-factor structure was studied simultaneously? in the aforementioned subsamples through hierarchical models that imposed different constrains of equivalency?. Results indicated the invariance of the seven clinical dimensions of the LSB-50. Ordinal alphas showed good internal consistency for all the scales. Finally, the correlations with a diagnostic measure of psychopathology (PAI-A) indicated moderate convergence. It is concluded that the analyses performed provide robust evidence of construct validity for the LSB-50. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina Fil: Castro Solano, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina

The main objective of this research was studying the psychometric properties of the Listado de síntomas breve (short checklist of symptoms; LSB-50) in a sample of 994 Argentinean adults (49.9% females; 50.1% males). Mean age was 40.66 years (standard deviation=17.01; Min=18; Max=89). This screening test has seven main clinical scales: hypersensitivity, obsessive-compulsive, anxiety, hostility, somatization, depression, and sleep disturbance. Pearson correlations indicated that all scales had positive and mostly moderate associations. The second order confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fit for a hierarchical model where all scales loaded in one major factor. Internal consistency by Cronbach's alpha was adequate. Females scored significantly higher than males in all scales except for the hostility scale, in which no differences were found. Although statistically significant associations with age were found in some scales, correlations were very weak. Obsessive-compulsive, sleep disturbance and depression scales had the highest scores, while anxiety presented the lowest score. Based on the psychometric evidence found, the scale seems to be suitable for the local population. Consequently, the availability of such measure may contribute to conduct epidemiological studies of psychopathology in Argentina. Moreover, the scale could be used for the assessment of psychotherapy progress and outcomes of clients, as well as for psychotherapy research. Notwithstanding, more evidence of validity and reliability should be sought. Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Castro Solano, Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Palermo; Argentina

The aim of this study consists in testing a predictive model of academic achievement including motivation and learning strategies as predictors. Motivation is defined as the energy and the direction of behaviors; it is categorized in three types of motivation –intrinsic, extrinsic and amotivation (Deci & Ryan, 1985). Learning strategies are deliberate operations oriented towards information processing in academic activities (Valle, Barca, González & Núñez, 1999). Several studies analysed the relationship between motivation and learning strategies in high school and college environments. Students with higher academic achievement were intrinsically motivated and used a wider variety of learning strategies more frequently. A non-experimental predictive design was developed. The sample was composed by 459 students (55.2% high-schoolers; 44.8% college students). Data were gathered by means of sociodemographic and academic surveys, and also by the local versions of the Academic Motivation Scale –EMA, Echelle de Motivation en Éducation (Stover, de la Iglesia, Rial Boubeta & Fernández Liporace, 2012; Vallerand, Blais, Briere & Pelletier, 1989) and the Learning and Study Strategies Inventory –LASSI (Stover, Uriel & Fernández Liporace, 2012; Weinstein, Schulte & Palmer, 1987). Several path analyses were carried out to test a hypothetical model to predict academic achievement (Kline, 1998). Results indicated that selfdetermined motivation explained academic achievement through the use of learning strategies. The final model obtained an excellent fit (χ2=16.523, df= 6, p=0.011; GFI=0.987; AGFI=0.955; SRMR=0.0320; NFI=0.913; IFI=0.943; CFI=0.940). Results are discussed considering Self Determination Theory and previous research. Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina Fil: Freiberg Hoffmann, Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología. Instituto de Investigaciones; Argentina

Se presenta el proceso de construcción y validación de la Escala de Personalidad Paradójica, diseñada a partir de la propuesta de Csikszentmihalyi (1996), quien describiera el concepto evaluado en relación a los individuos creativos. Se redactaron 150 reactivos que fueron sometidos a juicio experto y a examen de validez aparente en un estudio piloto. La versión resultante fue usada en un estudio factorial exploratorio (473 estudiantes; 50.5% varones, 49.5% mujeres; 18 a 35 años; = 21.82; DT= 3.14). La estructura resultante, de 6 dimensiones y 30 ítems, fue confirmada mediante un análisis factorial confirmatorio (800 estudiantes universitarios; 44.4% varones, 55.6% mujeres; 18 a 35 años; = 23.47; DT= 3.30). Ambas muestras provenían de la población de estudiantes universitarios de Buenos Aires, Argentina. También se analizó la consistencia interna y la estabilidad temporal de las puntuaciones, obteniéndose en ambos casos coeficientes aceptables, dada la composición de las dimensiones subyacentes al constructo analizado. Se discuten los resultados a la luz de los modelos teóricos propuestos, las ventajas de la brevedad y sencillez de aplicación y según nuevas líneas de investigación. The development and construct validation process of the Paradoxical Personality Scale is presented in this paper. The concept assessed has been posed by Csikszentmihalyi (1996) and was described as related to creative individuals. Following his guidelines, 150 items were designed and judged by five experts, and later analysed from a facies standpoint. The resulting version was used in a sample of college students (n=473; 50.5% males, 49.5% females) from 18 to 35 years (M = 21.82; DT= 3.14), to explore underlying dimensions. A 30item/6-factor solution was firstly isolated and after confirmed by a confirmatory factor analysis developed with 800 college students (44.4% males, 55.6% females), between18 and 35 years (M = 23.47; DT= 3.30). Both samples were selected from the population of college students from Buenos Aires, Argentina. Internal consistency and temporal stability of scores were also tested, obtaining adequate coefficients in both cases, in view of the composition of the dimensions underlying the construct analysed. Results show acceptable psychometric properties as well as shortness and simplicity for data gathering, which are discussed taking into account theoretical models and new research lines. Fil: Freiberg Hoffmann, Agustín. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: de la Iglesia, Guadalupe. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Stover, Juliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina Fil: Fernandez Liporace, Maria Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires; Argentina

Parenting has been historically supported in cultural traditions, which relied on philosophical or religious values. Recently, it has acquired a scientific interest that triggered a vast amount of studies on the subject. The central tendency in this research is focused in identifying, among other things, the consequences that perceived parenting has in psychological adjustment. Two major methods have been the most commonly used: dimensional and categorical. The first one considers two principal dimensions: responsiveness and demandingness. The categorical one proposes different parenting styles which result from the combination of those two dimensions: authoritarian, permissive, negligent, overprotective and authoritative. Both standpoints are recognized as important and necessary. A sample of Argentinean college students was studied regarding their perceived parenting styles, perceived social support, coping strategies and academic achievement. In a first analysis that considered parenting dimensions, those students who had high perceptions of responsiveness from their parents more frequently applied approach coping strategies, perceived more social support and had better academic achievement. However, the perception of high demandingness was linked to better academic performance but also to avoidant coping strategies. Finally, from a parenting style perspective, authoritarian parenting style was linked to a less frequent use of approach coping strategies, perception of little social support and poorer accomplishment in college.

Juliana Beatriz Stover,1 Guadalupe de la Iglesia,1 Antonio Ria,l Boubeta,2 Mercedes Fernández Liporace11Buenos Aires University and National Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; 2Santiago de Compostela University, Santiago de Compostela, SpainAbstract: The Academic Motivation Scale (AMS), supported in Self-Determination Theory, has been applied in recent decades as well in high school as in college education. Although several versions in Spanish are available, the underlying linguistic and cultural differences raise important issues when they are applied to Latin-American population. Consequently an adapted version of the AMS was developed, and its construct validity was analyzed in Argentine students. Results obtained on a sample that included 723 students from Buenos Aires (393 high school and 330 college students) verified adequate psychometric properties in this new version, solving some controversies regarded to its dimensionality.Keywords: Academic Motivation, self-determination, confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency

Assessing coping has been a controversial subject and to this day, there is no consensus about its dimensionality. A short version for adolescents and college students of Moos' Coping Responses Inventory-Youth Form is presented. Psychometric analyses performed with 1,160 Argentinean students included: a) descriptive statistics, b) confirmatory factor analysis, and c) internal consistency. Three models (1-factor, 2-factor and 4-factor) were compared in two randomized samples, and by a bootstrap procedure carried out in 500 different samples. Nested models with progressive restrictions were also established successively in samples split by sex and age. Results indicated a better fit of the 4-factor model as well as its stability across different groups.

Se presentan las propiedades psicométricas de la EPIPP, una escala diseñada para la medición de Estilos Parentales e Inconsistencia Parental Percibida en adultos jóvenes. Su validez de contenido fue abordada mediante la valoración de jueces expertos. El análisis de ítems incluyó el examen de frecuencias de respuesta, de índices de homogeneidad corregidos y estudios de asimetría y curtosis. Se buscaron evidencias de validez de constructo por medio de un estudio factorial exploratorio en el que se aislaron estructuras idénticas para las versiones PADRE y MADRE. Ambas estaban constituidas por seis subescalas: Afecto, Diálogo, Indiferencia, Coerción Verbal, Coerción Física y Prohibición. A su vez, estas se agruparon en asimismo, en dos escalas mayores (Respuesta y Demanda) resultantes de un estudio factorial de segundo orden. Finalmente, se evaluó la consistencia de las dimensiones a través del cálculo de Alfas de Cronbach y de Alfas ordinales y se verificó una adecuada estabilidad de las puntuaciones en un estudio test-retest. Palabras clave: Estilos Parentales; Inconsistencia Parental; Validez de Constructo.