Search

Ground monitoring of soil massifs takes a lot of time, labor force and material resources, yet is the most accurate and detailed method. When implementing complex methods for monitoring the soil cover, inclusion of space technologies is necessary. Remote sensing data carry objective information over the large areas. The article discusses the possibility of using remote sensing data for mapping and monitoring changes in the soil cover of Northern Kazakhstan. Based on thematic processing of remote sensing data of domestic satellites, spatial analysis of the content of main nutrients was executed in the sowing layer of soils, the relationship was revealed between fertility indicators and the value of vegetation indices for testing ground on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan. Remote sensing methods which are gaining more practical application in determination of qualitative changes in the state of the Earth's surface are considered in this article. The use of remote sensing data enables developing automatic soil recognition and analysis systems for the quantitative assessment of soil variability. The use of remote sensing data of high and medium resolution, along with geoinformation technologies reveals great potential in assessing soil fertility, which contributes to the effective management of land resources, the preservation and maintenance of soil fertility.

Ground monitoring of soil massifs takes a lot of time, labor force and material resources, yet is the most accurate and detailed method. When implementing complex methods for monitoring the soil cover, inclusion of space technologies is necessary. Remote sensing data carry objective information over large areas, obtained in various spectral ranges. The article discusses the possibility of using remote sensing data for mapping and monitoring changes in the soil cover of Northern Kazakhstan. Based on thematic processing of remote sensing data of domestic satellites, spatial analysis of the content of main nutrients was executed in the sowing layer of soils, the relationship was revealed between fertility indicators and the value of vegetation indices for testing ground on the territory of Northern Kazakhstan.

The results of the project presented in this article were obtained within the framework of the implementation of the Republican budget program 010 "Ensuring the safety and expansion of the use of space infrastructure» from the Aerospace Committee of the Ministry of Defense and the aerospace industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Since 2018, the National Operator of the Earth Remote Sensing Space System (JSC NC Kazakhstan Gharysh Sapary) has begun work on studying geographic information systems for conducting space-based monitoring and forest management of the world. In Kazakhstan, forest area occupies less than 5% of the total area of the territory and therefore the question of monitoring of forest resources is particularly relevant: changes in forest area, number of loggings, number of burnt areas, fire danger forecast for forest cover, etc. Given the importance of forest as a climate and resource-forming factor, forest resources, changes in forest resources are estimated as one of the priority of scientific and practical directions. The article presents the results of using the Earth Remote Sensing data and geo-information technologies in the assessment of forest cover of Kazakhstan, the legality of loggings and estimation of the burnt areas, etc. As the result of space-based monitoring, according to the Earth remote sensing data, also confirmed by field surveys in key areas, for the first time ever all forests of Kazakhstan were decrypted, digital maps of forests of Kazakhstan were created with the detailed attribute information up to the species composition of forests, age and other specific information provided by the State Enterprise «Kazakh Forest Management enterprise», several thousand of logging were detected including illegal loggings, burnt areas were also decrypted and all data were uploaded to the industrial geoportal with up-to-date attribute information.