Search

The main objective of the thesis was to analyze the structure, distribution, and impact of women farmers who have been neglected for a long time in the agricultural development of mainland China based on the national population census data from 1982 to 2020. Findings showed that the proportion of female agricultural labor force in 24 regions increased to varying degrees from 1990 to 2010. Areas where the distribution of female agricultural labor is relatively densely distributed largely overlap with cotton planting and growing areas and commodity grain bases, and nearly 1/4 of the areas have more female farmers than males. The feminization of agricultural labor force in China compared with developing regions of Latin America, Africa, and South Asia, has special because of balancing the relationship between rural women, rural families, and agricultural production and maximizing the economic efficiency of farmers during the transition period. The article recommends, in the promotion of rural revitalization strategy, China needs to actively integrate gender awareness, cultivate more female elites in agricultural technology, marketing, and management, giving play to the "super half effect" of rural women in cultural inheritance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug resistance inhibits the efficacy of doxorubicin in gastric cancer. Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5‑trisphosphate RAC exchanger 2a (P‑REX2a) activates the phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway by binding to and inactivating phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which functions as a tumor promoter in a number of types of cancer. However, there is no research concerning the association between P‑REX2a expression and drug resistance in gastric cancer. In the present study, the expression of P‑REX2a in clinical gastric cancer tissues was detected, and the mechanism of doxorubicin resistance in the gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was investigated. Using reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, it was demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression of P‑REX2a was increased in gastric cancer tissues. MTT assays were also used to determine proliferation, and proliferation was revealed to be reduced following transfection of P‑REX2a small interfering (si)RNA. When the cells were treated with 0.3 μM doxorubicin for 24 h, the rate of apoptosis in the siRNA‑transfected groups significantly increased and no marked changes in of PTEN and Akt expression were observed. By contrast, the activity of PTEN increased, and the expression of p‑Akt (S473) decreased in the P‑REX2a siRNA‑transfected group compared with the control. The detection of PTEN enzymatic activity in the present study was based on phosphatidylinositol‑3,4,5‑trisphosphate. Therefore, it was concluded that P‑REX2a may participate in the generation of resistance to doxorubicin in gastric cancer, and this may be associated with the upregulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway via inactivation of PTEN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To summarize and appraise the available literature regarding the use of the C-urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections in adult patients with dyspepsia and to calculate pooled diagnostic accuracy measures. Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Chinese Journals Full-text (CNKI) and CBMDisc databases to identify published data regarding the sensitivity, specificity, and other measures of diagnostic accuracy of the C-urea breath test in the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infections in adult patients with dyspeptic symptoms. Risk of bias was assessed using the QUADAS (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies)-2 tool. Statistical analyses were performed using Meta-Disc 1.4 software and STATA. Results: Eighteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Pooled results indicated that the C-urea breath test showed a diagnostic sensitivity of 0.96 (95% CI 0.95 to 0.96) and specificity of 0.93 (95% CI 0.91 to 0.94). The positive like ratio (PLR) was 12.27 (95% CI 8.17 to 18.44), the negative like ratio (NLR) was 0.05 (95% CI 0.04 to 0.07), and the area under the curve was 0.985. The DOR was 294.95 (95% CI 178.37 to 487.70). The C-urea breath test showed sufficient sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection, but unexplained heterogeneity after meta-regression and several subgroup analyses remained. Conclusions: The UBT has high accuracy for diagnosing H. pylori infections in adult patients with dyspepsia. However, the reliability of these diagnostic meta-analytic estimates is limited by significant heterogeneity due to unknown factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 56-year-old male patient was diagnosed with a submucosal tumor in the fundus of the stomach. The conventional operation method is endoscopic submucosal dissection. We present a case of rapid tumor resection without employing traditional endoscopic submucosal dissection instruments such as a mucotomy knife and endoscopic injection needle, resulting in substantial cost savings for the patients., Competing Interests: None., (© 2024 The Author(s). DEN Open published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japan Gastroenterological Endoscopy Society.)

Objective: To investigate the criteria for selecting surgical approaches for frontal and ethmoid sinus osteomas of different locations and sizes on CT imaging. Methods: Using sagittal and coronal CT images, the following lines were delineated: the F-line（a horizontal line passing nasofrontal beak）, the M-line（a vertical line passing paries medialis orbitae）, and the P-line（a vertical line passing the center of the pupil）. Classification of frontal and ethmoid sinus osteomas was based on their relationship with these lines. Appropriate surgical approaches were selected, including pure endoscopic approaches, endoscopic combined with eyebrow incision approach, and endoscopic combined with coronal incision approach. This method was applied to a single center at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University for endoscopic resection of frontal and ethmoid sinus osteoma. Case Data: Sixteen cases of ethmoid sinus osteomas were treated from January 2020 to September 2023. Among these cases, there were 9 males and 7 females, with ages ranging from 18 to 69 years, and a median age of 48 years. Results: Thirteen cases underwent pure endoscopic resection of the osteoma, while in three cases, a combined approach was utilized. Among the combined approach cases, two exceeded both the M-line and the F-line but did not cross the P-line; therefore, they underwent endoscopic combined with eyebrow incision approach. One case exceeded all three lines and thus underwent endoscopic combined with coronal incision. In all cases, complete resection of the osteoma was achieved as per preoperative planning, and none of the patients experienced significant postoperative complications. Conclusion: For frontal and ethmoid sinus osteomas, it is advisable to perform a thorough preoperative radiological assessment. Based on the size of the osteoma and its relationship to the three lines, an appropriate surgical approach should be chosen to optimize the diagnostic and treatment plan., Competing Interests: The authors of this article and the planning committee members and staff have no relevant financial relationships with commercial interests to disclose., (Copyright© by the Editorial Department of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery.)

Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.