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29. Enhanced removal of perfluorooctanoic acid by VUV/sulfite/iodide: efficiencies, influencing factors, and decomposition mechanismElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available. See DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d4ew00198b

Author

Liu, Hong, Jia, Ruibao, Xin, Xiaodong, Guo, Weilin, Li, Wei, Wang, Mingquan, and Sun, Shaohua

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) such as perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) have been referred to as “forever chemicals” and are toxic and bioaccumulative. Previous studies have indicated that the defluorination of PFOA is incomplete by various advanced reductive processes. In this study, we proposed combining sulfite (SO32−) with iodide (I−) for the advanced reduction of PFOA under vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation. The degradation and defluorination ratios of PFOA reached 100% within 30 min and 99.2% within 6 h, respectively. Hydrated electrons (eaq−) and VUV photolysis are major contributors to PFOA removal. The VUV/SO32−/I−system was superior to UV/SO32−/I−for PFOA decomposition with a synergistic factor of 1.36 and a higher eaq−yield. The optimal dosage of I−could be reduced by half owing to the stronger absorption coefficient under VUV radiation. HCO3−, Cu2+, and humic acid could inhibit the decomposition of PFOA. Fe3+and SO42−had slight and negligible effects on the performance of the VUV/SO32−/I−process, respectively. We determined the most active sites for nucleophilic attack by utilizing the Fukui function indices of PFOA anions using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. C7 polyfluorinated carboxylate esters, short-chain hydrogen-containing and sulfonated intermediates were identified in PFOA degradation for the first time in the study. This study provides a feasible approach for the environmental remediation of PFOA.

Published
2024
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31. Identification of double heterozygous -α4.2Ⅰ/-α4.2Ⅱ using third-generation sequencing.

Author

Liang, Liang, Xiao, Yongjun, Guo, Weilin, Xie, Tiantian, Zheng, Lihong, and Li, Youqiong

Subjects
BLOOD cell count, CAPILLARY electrophoresis, TRANSPORTATION rates
Abstract

The 4.2 kb deletion (-α4.2/) is a common a+-thalassemia with a carrier rate, followed by the South-East Asian deletion (–SEA) and the 3.7 kb deletion (-α3.7/). There are few reports about 4.2 kb deletion sub-types. Herein, we present a patient with double heterozygous -α4.2Ⅰ/-α4.2Ⅱwho was identified using third-generation sequencing (TGS). Hematology and hemoglobin fraction analysis were carried out by complete blood count (CBC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). Gap-PCR was used to detect the common deletional α-thalassemia, and multiple ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was performed to screen the large deletion. Sanger sequencing identified the variant. The different deletions were confirmed by TGS. CBC showed the patient with microcytic hypochromic anemia, and CE indicated the presence of a Hb variant. Gap-PCR and MLPA detected 4.2 kb deletion homozygotes (-α4.2/-α4.2). The Hb variant was confirmed as Hb Q-Thailand by Sanger sequencing. The patient was identified as compound heterozygous of 4.2 kb deletion and Hb Q-Thailand (-α4.2/-α4.2-Q-Thailand, -α4.2Ⅰ/-α4.2Ⅱ) using TGS. Hb Q-Thailand (-α4.2-Q-Thailand/) complex 4.2 kb deletion heterozygote (-α4.2/) is easily misdiagnosed as 4.2 kb homozygous using Gap-PCR and MLPA. The TGS enables the identification of the two different 4.2 kb deletion sub-types. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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