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3. Research progress in late-onset group B Streptococcus infection in infants and its prevention

Author

LI Yibai, CUI Ruiji, GAO Shan, HU Jiajin, and GUO Xiaoying

Subjects
infant, late-onset, group b streptococcus (gbs), infection, prevention, Medicine
Abstract

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a major member of the Gram-positive Streptococcus family, which occupies a dominant position in the infection spectrum of newborns and young infants. GBS infections occurring 0‒6 days after birth are called GBS early-onset disease (GBS-EOD), and those occurring 7‒89 days are called GBS late-onset disease (GBS-LOD). With the use of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis, the incidence of neonatal GBS-EOD has declined without a notable impact on GBS-LOD, which brings great pressure and challenge to clinical diagnosis and nursing work. However, the specific mechanisms by which GBS transmission triggers illness in newborns and young infants are not fully elucidated. Some factors, such as maternal GBS colonization, maternal characteristics (age, weight and ethnicity), preterm birth, GBS infection in multiple births, and exposure to human immunodeficiency virus, have been identified as risk factors for GBS-LOD. To prevent maternal and infant GBS infection, some measures, such as vaccination of pregnant women, gut microbiota regulation and lactoferrin supplementation, are developing. In addition, strengthening maternal health care and health education, along with some other conventional infection control strategies (including enhancing hand hygiene awareness among caregivers and making good disinfection of the environment and equipment) is also effective in the prevention of GBS-LOD. This review elaborates the prevalence, transmission, risk factors and prevention of GBS-LOD in infants, aiming to improve the understanding and clinical practice ability of the medical staff.

Published
2024
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4. Image Visual Complexity Evaluation Based on Deep Ordinal Regression

Author

Guo, Xiaoying, Wang, Lu, Yan, Tao, Wei, Yanfeng, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Liu, Qingshan, editor, Wang, Hanzi, editor, Ma, Zhanyu, editor, Zheng, Weishi, editor, Zha, Hongbin, editor, Chen, Xilin, editor, Wang, Liang, editor, and Ji, Rongrong, editor

Published
2024
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28. Multi-core/shell SiO2@Al2O3 nanostructures deposited on Ti3AlC2 to enhance high-temperature stability and microwave absorption properties

Author

Guo Yang, Tan Kehua, Guo Xiaoying, Li Huirong, and Jian Xian

Subjects
ti3alc2, multi-core/shell sio2@al2o3 nanostructures, high-temperature stability, microwave absorption properties, Technology, Chemical technology, TP1-1185, Physical and theoretical chemistry, QD450-801
Abstract

Poor high-temperature stability (HTS) and weak microwave absorption performance (MAP) are a major restriction for wave-absorbing materials in elevated temperature ambient. Consequently, the Stöber process and the sol–gel method are first devised and used to create multi-core/shell SiO2@Al2O3 nanostructures (MCSNs) on Ti3AlC2 (TAC). The MCSNs with a thickness of 135–215 nm raise the starting oxidation temperature of the matrix by 400°C. Furthermore, the weight gain drops from 17.44 to 2.32% within 1 h at 800°C. The effective absorption bandwidth with a reflection loss (RL) ≤ −10 dB of the MCSNs-coated TAC is 3.25 GHz (8.68–11.27 and 11.63–12.29 GHz) at a thickness of 2.0 mm, which is 4.7 times that of the matrix. The minimum RL is reduced by a factor of 2.77 from −10.68 to −29.55 dB. The enhanced MAP is due to the introduced multiple reflection events and scattering mechanism as well as the enhanced electronic polarization, interface polarization, and polarization relaxation. The growth of the MCSNs provides a reference for the design and preparation of bifunctional materials with good HTS and MAP.

Published
2023
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49. Classification of Chinese and Western Painting Images Based on Brushstrokes Feature

Author

Qiao, Liqin, Guo, Xiaoying, Li, Wenshu, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Woeginger, Gerhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Nunes, Nuno J., editor, Ma, Lizhuang, editor, Wang, Meili, editor, Correia, Nuno, editor, and Pan, Zhigeng, editor

Published
2020
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