Author: "Guo-Liang Ma" - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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303 results on '"Guo-Liang Ma"'

1. A transport model study of multiparticle cumulants in p + p collisions at 13 TeV

Author: Xin-Li Zhao, Zi-Wei Lin, Liang Zheng, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Flow-like signals including the ridge structure observed in small collision systems that are similar to those in large collision systems have led to questions about the onset of collectivity in nuclear collisions. In this study, we use the string melting version of a multi-phase transport model with or without the sub-nucleon geometry for the proton to study multiparticle cumulants in p+p collisions at 13 TeV. Both versions of the model can produce negative c2{4} values at high multiplicities. In addition, the dependences of c2{4} and c2{2} on the parton cross section σ are found to be strong and non-monotonous, where only an intermediate range of σ values leads to negative c2{4}. Furthermore, the model with sub-nucleon geometry better describes the multiplicity dependence of c2{4}, demonstrating the importance of the sub-nucleon geometry for studies of small systems.
Published: 2023
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2. Interpreting the charge-dependent flow and constraining the chiral magnetic wave with event shape engineering

Author: Chun-Zheng Wang, Wen-Ya Wu, Qi-Ye Shou, Guo-Liang Ma, Yu-Gang Ma, and Song Zhang
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The charge asymmetry (Ach) dependence of anisotropic flow serves as an important tool to search for the chiral magnetic wave (CMW) in heavy-ion collisions. However, the background effect, such as the local charge conservation (LCC) entwined with collective flow, has not yet been unambiguously eliminated in the measurement. With the help of two models, the AMPT with initial quadrupole moment and the blast wave (BW) incorporating LCC, we discuss the features of the LCC-induced and the CMW-induced correlations between Ach and the flow. More importantly, we first propose to use the Event Shape Engineering (ESE) technique to distinguish the background and the signal for the CMW study. This method would be highly desirable in the experimental search for the CMW and provides more insights for understanding the charge-dependent collective motion of the quark-gluon plasma.
Published: 2021
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3. Novel mechanism for electric quadrupole moment generation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author: Xin-Li Zhao, Guo-Liang Ma, and Yu-Gang Ma
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We present the spatial distributions of electromagnetic fields (E and B) and electromagnetic anomaly E⋅B in Au+Au collisions at the RHIC energy s=200GeV based on a multi-phase transport model. A dipolar distribution of E⋅B is observed in non-central collisions. We find that the coupling of the E⋅B dipole and magnetic field B can induce an electric quadrupole moment which can further lead to the difference in elliptic flows between positive charged particles and negative charged particles through final interactions. The centrality dependence of the density of E⋅B is similar to the trend of the slope parameter r measured from the difference in elliptic flows between positive pions and negative pions by the STAR collaboration. Therefore, the novel mechanism for electric quadrupole moment generation can offer a new interpretation of the observed charge-dependent elliptic flow of pions, but without the formation of chiral magnetic wave.
Published: 2019
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4. An extended RΨm(2)(ΔS2) correlator for detecting and characterizing the Chiral Magnetic Wave

Author: Niseem Magdy, Mao-Wu Nie, Ling Huang, Guo-Liang Ma, and Roy A. Lacey
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The extended RΨm(2)(ΔS2) correlator is presented and examined for its efficacy to detect and characterize the quadrupole charge separation (ΔS2) associated with the purported Chiral Magnetic Wave (CMW) produced in heavy-ion collisions. Sensitivity tests involving varying degrees of charge separation injected into events simulated with the Multi-Phase Transport Model (AMPT) show that the RΨm(2)(ΔS2) correlators provide discernible responses for the background- and signal-driven quadrupole charge separation. This distinction could help identify CMW-induced quadrupole charge separation via measurements of the RΨ2(2)(ΔS2) and RΨ3(2)(ΔS2) correlators, relative to the second- (Ψ2) and third-order (Ψ3) event planes. The tests also indicate a sensitivity level that would allow for robust experimental characterization of possible CMW-induced charge separation.
Published: 2020
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5. A sensitivity study of the primary correlators used to characterize chiral-magnetically-driven charge separation

Author: Niseem Magdy, Mao-Wu Nie, Guo-Liang Ma, and Roy A. Lacey
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: A Multi-Phase Transport (AMPT) model is used to study the detection sensitivity of two of the primary correlators – Δγ and RΨ2 – employed to characterize charge separation induced by the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME). The study, performed relative to several event planes for different input “CME signals”, indicates a detection threshold for the fraction fCME=ΔγCME/Δγ, which renders the Δγ-correlator insensitive to values of the Fourier dipole coefficient a1≲2.5%, that is larger than the purported signal (signal difference) for ion-ion(isobaric) collisions. By contrast, the RΨ2 correlator indicates concave-shaped distributions with inverse widths (σRΨ2−1) that are linearly proportional to a1, and independent of the character of the event plane used for their extraction. The sensitivity of the RΨ2 correlator to minimal CME-driven charge separation in the presence of realistic backgrounds, could aid better characterization of the CME in heavy-ion collisions.
Published: 2020
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6. A remark on the sign change of the four-particle azimuthal cumulant in small systems

Author: Adam Bzdak and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The azimuthal cumulants, c2{2} and c2{4}, originating from the global conservation of transverse momentum in the presence of hydro-like elliptic flow are calculated. We observe the sign change of c2{4} for small number of produced particles. This is in a qualitative agreement with the recent ATLAS measurement of multi-particle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method.
Published: 2018
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7. Dynamic Compliance Analysis for LHDS of Legged Robot, Part A: Position-Based Impedance Control

Author: Kai-Xian Ba, Bin Yu, Guo-Liang Ma, Zheng-Jie Gao, Qi-Xin Zhu, Zheng-Guo Jin, and Xiang-Dong Kong
Subjects: Dynamic compliance, position-based impedance control, hydraulic drive unit (HDU), leg hydraulic drive system (LHDS), Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic compliance analysis for position-based impedance control is studied. First, the leg hydraulic drive system (LHDS) of legged robots is studied and the mathematical model of hydraulic drive unit (HDU) position control system is built. Then, combined with kinematics, statics and dynamics of the leg mechanical structure, the position-based impedance control method is applied to LHDS. Moreover, the serial-parallel composition of the dynamic compliance of position-based impedance control is analyzed and the three key factors influencing the impedance control accuracy are found, which is the main contribution of this paper. Finally, the key factors proposed in this paper are verified experimentally by using both LHDS and HDU performance test platform. The theories and experiments proposed in this paper provide a theoretical foundation for the compensation of position-based impedance control.
Published: 2018
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8. A Novel Position-Based Impedance Control Method for Bionic Legged Robots’ HDU

Author: Kai-Xian Ba, Bin Yu, Guo-Liang Ma, Qi-Xin Zhu, Zheng-Jie Gao, and Xiang-Dong Kong
Subjects: Bionic legged robot, hydraulic drive unit (HDU), position-based impedance control, active compliance control, feedforward compensation control, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: In this paper, a novel impedance control method is designed for the hydraulic drive unit (HDU) equipped on the hydraulic driven legged robot. First, the position control mathematical model of HDU is built. Next, the HDU performance test platform is introduced and the performance requirements are given. Second, the system load pressure observer is designed and an accurate stiffness control method is proposed by combining the external load force feed forward control with the load force feedback control. Third, the damping control method based on the velocity feedback is designed. Finally, a novel impedance control method is proposed through combining the stiffness control and the damping control. The effects of all techniques listed above have been verified experimentally. Especially, the impedance control effects are verified by comparing the impedance characteristics with the natural characteristics of the secondorder mass-spring-damper system. This research indicates that the system characteristics of HDU with the novel impedance control method is well equivalent to that of the second-order mass-spring-damper system, which can solve the stall problem of the robot joint movement process caused by the load force vanish instantaneously and the switch between position control and force control. The above research can provide references for the active compliance control of bionic legged robots.
Published: 2018
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9. Rapidity dependence of elliptic and triangular flow in proton–nucleus collisions from collective dynamics

Author: Piotr Bożek, Adam Bzdak, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The rapidity dependence of elliptic, v2, and triangular, v3, flow coefficients in proton–nucleus (p+A) collisions is predicted in hydrodynamics and in a multi-phase transport model (AMPT). We find that vn (n=2,3) on a nucleus side is significantly larger than on a proton side and the ratio between the two, vnPb/vnp, weakly depends on the transverse momentum of produced particles.
Published: 2015
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10. Long-range azimuthal correlations in proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions from the incoherent scattering of partons

Author: Guo-Liang Ma and Adam Bzdak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We show that the incoherent elastic scattering of partons, as present in a multi-phase transport model (AMPT), with a modest parton–parton cross-section of σ=1.5–3 mb, naturally explains the long-range two-particle azimuthal correlation as observed in proton–proton and proton–nucleus collisions at the Large Hadron Collider.
Published: 2014
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11. Properties of Full Jet in High-Energy Heavy-Ion Collisions from Parton Scatterings

Author: Guo-Liang Ma and Mao-Wu Nie
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The properties of fully reconstructed jet are investigated in p + p and Pb + Pb collisions at sNN = 2.76 TeV within a multiphase transport (AMPT) model with both partonic scatterings and hadronic rescatterings. A large transverse momentum (pT) asymmetry of dijet or photon-jet arises from the strong interactions between jet and partonic matter. The ξ-dependent jet fragmentation function in Pb + Pb collisions is decomposed into two contributions from different jet hadronization mechanisms, that is, fragmentation versus coalescence. The medium modification of differential jet shape displays that the jet energy is redistributed towards a larger radius owing to jet-medium interactions in heavy-ion collisions. Jet triangular azimuthal anisotropy coefficient, v3jet, which shows a smaller magnitude than the elliptic coefficient v2jet, decreases more quickly with increasing jet pT, which can be attributed to a path-length effect of jet energy loss. All of these properties of full jet are consistent with the jet energy loss mechanism in a stronglyinteracting partonic matter in high-energy heavy-ion collisions.
Published: 2015
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12. Serum YKL-40 independently predicts outcome after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Author: Cheng-Bao Zhu, Can Wang, Li-Li Chen, Guo-Liang Ma, Shi-Cai Zhang, Liang Su, Jian-Jun Tian, and Zhong-Tao Gai
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the most widely used treatment option for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Elevated serum YKL-40 level has been shown to predict poor prognosis in HCC patients undergoing resection. This study was designed to validate the prognostic significance of serum YKL-40 in patients with HCC undergoing TACE treatment.Serum YKL-40 level was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall survival (OS) was evaluated with the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the log-rank test. Multivariate study with Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate independent prognostic variables of OS.The median pretreatment serum YKL-40 in HCC patients with was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (P
Published: 2012
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13. Wear and corrosion resistance of CoCrNi composite coatings by laser cladding

Author: Di Jiang, Hong-zhi Cui, Xiao-jie Song, Xiao-juan Lian, Xiao-feng Zhao, Hao Chen, and Guo-liang Ma
Subjects: Materials Chemistry, Metals and Alloys
Published: 2022

14. A novel kinematics and statics correction algorithm of semi-cylindrical foot end structure for 3-DOF LHDS of legged robots

Author: Kai-xian Ba, Yan-he Song, Chun-yu Wang, Ya-peng Shi, Bin Yu, Xin Chen, Guo-liang Ma, and Xiang-dong Kong
Subjects: General Medicine
Abstract: In this paper, aiming at the problem that the ideal modeling point of the foot end deviates from the actual contact point due to the rolling effect of the semi-cylindrical foot end in leg hydraulics drive system (LHDS), a novel and relatively simple kinematics and statics correction algorithm is proposed. This algorithm can effectively improve the accuracy of LHDS kinematics and statics, and it is still applicable when the body and the contact surface are at different angles. Firstly, this paper deduces the kinematics and statics when the foot end of LHDS is regarded as the point foot, analyzes and calculates the deviation under common working conditions. Secondly, in view of this phenomenon, a kinematics correction algorithm based on virtual DOF and a statics correction algorithm based on translation theorem of forces are proposed respectively. Finally, the proposed algorithm is verified by LHDS performance test platform under various working conditions. The results show that after applying the kinematics correction algorithm, the trajectory deviation reduction rate of the hip joint is over 65%; after applying the statics correction algorithm, the deviation reduction rate of foot end contact force is over 43%. The related research results can be applied to any similar foot end, which has engineering application value.
Published: 2022

15. Search for jet quenching effects on the plain jet mass in Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC with a multiphase transport model

Author: Xiang-Pan Duan and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The plain jet mass distributions of reconstructed jets are investigated in p+p and 0-10$\%$ most central Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 2.76~{\rm TeV}$ using a dynamical multiphase transport model with a string melting mechanism. It is observed that the mean charged jet mass increases with increasing jet transverse momentum and jet radius in central Pb+Pb collisions. It is demonstrated that the plain jet mass of reconstructed partonic jet is shifted to a higher value after the evolution of partonic stage due to jet quenching in central Pb+Pb collisions. However, the jet mass shift effect is strongly weakened by non-perturbative effects from hadronization and hadron rescatterings. This makes it difficult to observe significant hot medium modification effects on the plain jet mass distribution in the final state of relativistic heavy-ion collisions., 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal A
Published: 2023

16. Effect of global momentum conservation on longitudinal flow decorrelation

Author: Hansheng Wang, Guo-Liang Ma, and Pingal Dasgupta
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We calculate the longitudinal flow decorrelation coefficients, i.e., $r_n(\eta,\eta_r)$ for $n=2,3$, in the presence of hydro-like flow and the global momentum conservation (GMC) constraint. The longitudinal flow decorrelation is weakened due to the GMC constraint. The GMC effect is sensitive to the total number of particles involved in GMC, the average longitudinal momentum, the transverse momentum, and the reference pseudorapidity. Our results of the $r_2(\eta,\eta_{rA})/r_2(\eta,\eta_{rB})$ ratio between two reference pseudorapidity bins are consistent with the experimental measurements. We predict that the modification effect of GMC on longitudinal flow decorrelation is more noticeable at BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider energies than at CERN Large Hadron Collider energies. Our finding provides a new perspective for understanding the longitudinal flow decorrelation in relativistic heavy-ion collisions., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures, final published version
Published: 2023

17. Global constraint on the magnitude of anomalous chiral effects in heavy-ion collisions

Author: Wen-Ya Wu, Qi-Ye Shou, Panos Christakoglou, Prottay Das, Md. Rihan Haque, Guo-Liang Ma, Yu-Gang Ma, Bedangadas Mohanty, Chun-Zheng Wang, Song Zhang, and Jie Zhao
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: When searching for anomalous chiral effects in heavy-ion collisions, one of the most crucial points is the relationship between the signal and the background. In this letter, we present a simulation in a modified blast wave model at LHC energy, which can simultaneously characterize the majority of measurable quantities, in particular, the chiral magnetic effect (CME) and the chiral magnetic wave (CMW) observables. Such a universal description, for the first time, naturally and quantitatively unifies the CME and the CMW studies and brings to light the connection with the local charge conservation (LCC) background. Moreover, a simple phenomenological approach is performed to introduce the signals, aiming at quantifying the maximum allowable strength of the signals within experimental precision. Such a constraint provides a novel perspective to understand the experimental data and sheds new light on the study of anomalous chiral effects as well as charge dependent correlations., 8 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2022

18. Search for the chiral magnetic effect in collisions between two isobars with deformed and neutron-rich nuclear structures

Author: Xin-Li Zhao and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, Physics::Space Physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Isobar collisions which were thought to have the same background and different magnetic fields provide an opportunity to verify the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. However, the first result from the RHIC-STAR isobar experiment did not observe the CME signal, but discovered that the backgrounds are different between $_{44}^{96}\textrm{Ru}+_{44}^{96}\textrm{Ru}$ and $_{40}^{96}\textrm{Zr}+_{40}^{96}\textrm{Zr}$ collisions. We test eighteen cases of Woods-Saxon parameter settings resulting from different nuclear deformation or nuclear structure effects using a mutiphase transport model. We find out that seven cases can reasonably reproduce three reference ratios measured by the STAR experiment. Considering both the halo-type neutron skin structure and CME-like charge separation, we demonstrate that it is difficult for the CME observables ($\Delta\delta$, $\Delta\delta$ ratio, $\Delta\gamma$ and $\Delta\gamma$ ratio) to distinguish the presence or absence of the CME, if the CME strength is weak in isobar collisions. It is because the final state interactions significantly weaken the initial CME signal, resulting in non-linear sensitivities of the CME observables to the CME strength. Therefore, more sensitive observables are required to search for the possible small CME signal in isobar collisions., Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, final published version
Published: 2022

19. Dynamical development of proton cumulants and correlation functions in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7 GeV from a multiphase transport model

Author: Qian Chen and Guo-Liang Ma
Published: 2022

20. Impact of nuclear structure on the background in the chiral magnetic effect in Ru4496+Ru4496 and Zr4096+Zr4096 collisions at sNN=7.7–200 GeV from a multiphase transport model

Author: Fei Li, Yu-Gang Ma, Song Zhang, Guo-Liang Ma, and Qiye Shou
Published: 2022

21. A Mathematical Model Including Mechanical Structure, Hydraulic and Control of LHDS

Author: Bin Yu, Xiangdong Kong, Guo-liang Ma, Zhengguo Jin, Ba Kaixian, and Zhiwu Han
Subjects: 0209 industrial biotechnology, Hydraulic drive system, Mathematical model, Computer science, General Mathematics, 02 engineering and technology, Kinematics, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Computer Science Applications, Inverse dynamics, Nonlinear system, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, Hydraulic machinery, 0210 nano-technology, MATLAB, Statics, computer, Software, computer.programming_language
Abstract: SUMMARYIn this paper, mathematical models of kinematics, statics and inverse dynamics are derived firstly according to the mechanical structure of leg hydraulic drive system (LHDS). Then, all the above models are integrated with MATLAB/Simulink to build the LHDS simulation model, the model not only considers influence of leg dynamic characteristics on hydraulic system but also takes into account nonlinearity, variable load characteristics and other common problems brought by hydraulic system, and solves compatibility and operation time which brought by using multiple software simultaneously. The experimental results show the simulation model built in this paper can accurately express characteristics of the system.
Published: 2021

22. Production and anisotropic flow of thermal photons in collision of $\alpha$-clustered carbon with heavy nuclei at relativistic energies

Author: Pingal Dasgupta, Rupa Chatterjee, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The presence of $\alpha$-clustered structure in the light nuclei produces different exotic shapes in nuclear structure studies at low energies. Recent phenomenological studies suggest that collision of heavy nuclei with $\alpha$-clustered carbon ($^{12}$C) at relativistic energies can lead to large initial state anisotropies. This is expected to impact the final momentum anisotropies of the produced particles significantly. The emission of electromagnetic radiations is considered to be more sensitive to the initial state compared to hadronic observables and thus photon observables are expected to be affected by the initial clustered structure profoundly. In this work we estimate the production and anisotropic flow of photons from most-central collisions of triangular $\alpha$-clustered carbon and gold at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV using an event-by-event hydrodynamic framework and compare the results with those obtained from unclustered carbon and gold collisions. We show that the thermal photon $v_3$ for most central collisions is significantly large for the clustered case compared to the case with unclustered carbon, whereas the elliptic flow parameter does not show much difference for the two cases. In addition, the ratio of anisotropic flow coefficients is found to be a potential observable to constrain the initial state produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions and also to know more about the $\alpha$-clustered structure in carbon nucleus., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, final published version
Published: 2022

23. Evaluation of the Swelling Characteristics of Bentonite-Based Barrier Considering Gap Sealing in Hlw

Author: ying wang, Hu-yuan Zhang, Yu Tan, and Guo-liang Ma
Subjects: History, Polymers and Plastics, Business and International Management, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering
Published: 2022

24. Testing the collectivity in large and small colliding systems with test particles

Author: Hansheng Wang and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We propose a test-particle method to probe the transport dynamics of the establishment and development of collective flow in large and small systems of heavy-ion collisions. We place test particles as passengers into the partonic medium created by Au$+$Au midcentral collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV and $p$ $+$ Pb central collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV, using a multiphase transport model. With the help of test particles in two extreme test cases, we demonstrate that parton collisions play an important role in establishing and developing collectivity in large and small colliding systems. The collectivity established by final state parton collisions is much stronger in large colliding systems compared to small colliding systems. The collectivity from the initial state can persist or survive more easily in small colliding systems than in large colliding systems due to fewer parton collisions. Our study provides a new method to understand the origin of collectivity in large and small colliding systems at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the CERN Large Hadron Collider., Comment: 11 pages, 17 figures, final published version
Published: 2022
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25. Multiparticle azimuthal cumulants from transverse momentum conservation and collective flow

Author: Mu-Ting Xie, Guo-Liang Ma, and Adam Bzdak
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We calculate the $n$th order of $2k$-particle azimuthal cumulants $c_n\{2k\}$ based on transverse momentum conservation (TMC) and collective flow $v_n$(n=2,3). We demonstrate that the TMC effect only leads to a nonzero $c_n\{2k\}$ with the sign of $(-1)^{nk}$ and the magnitude inversely proportional to $(N-2k)^{nk}$. The interplay between TMC and collective flow can change the signs of $c_2\{4\}$, $c_3\{2\}$ and $c_3\{4\}$ at some values of multiplicity $N$, which could provide a good probe to study the onset of collectivity and search for the substructure of proton in small colliding systems., Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, final published version
Published: 2022
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26. A transport model study of multiparticle cumulants in $p+p$ collisions at 13 TeV

Author: Xin-Li Zhao, Zi-Wei Lin, Liang Zheng, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Flow-like signals including the ridge structure observed in small collision systems that are similar to those in large collision systems have led to questions about the onset of collectivity in nuclear collisions. In this study, we use the string melting version of a multi-phase transport (AMPT) model with or without the sub-nucleon geometry for the proton to study multiparticle cumulants in $p+p$ collisions at 13 TeV. Both versions of the model produce negative $c_{2}\{4 \}$ values at high multiplicities. In addition, the dependence of $c_{2}\{4 \}$ on the parton cross section is non-monotonous, where only a range of parton cross section values leads to negative $c_{2} \{4 \}$. Furthermore, the AMPT model with sub-nucleon geometry better describes the multiplicity dependence of $c_{2} \{4 \}$, demonstrating the importance of incorporating the sub-nucleon geometry in studies of small collision systems., 8 pages, 8 figures (added two figures)
Published: 2021

27. Study on higher moments of net-charge multiplicity distributions using a multiphase transport model

Author: Guo-Liang Ma and Ling Huang
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Nuclear Theory, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Charge (physics), Multiplicity (mathematics), Net (mathematics), Poisson distribution, Charged particle, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), symbols.namesake, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Critical point (thermodynamics), Moment (physics), symbols, Statistical physics, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Instrumentation, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The moments and moment products of conserved charges are believed to be sensitive to critical fluctuations, which have been adopted in determining the QCD critical point. Using a dynamical multiphase transport model, we reproduce the centrality and energy dependences of moments and moment products of net-charge multiplicity distributions in Au+Au collisions measured by the Beam Energy Scan program at the RHIC. No non-monotonic energy dependence is observed. We infer that the moment products develop during the dynamical evolution of heavy-ion collisions. The observed difference based on the expectation of the Poisson baseline indicates a positive two-particle correlation between positively and negatively charged particles, which can arise from different dynamical processes at different stages. Therefore, to adopt moments and moment products of net-charge multiplicity distributions in determining the QCD critical point of relativistic heavy-ion collisions, it is essential to take the dynamical evolution., 10 pages, 14 figures
Published: 2021

28. The proton–Ω correlation function in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200GeV

Author: M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Roli Esha, Daniel Nemes, Jie Zhao, S. Horvat, Anik Gupta, L. C. Bland, B. J. Summa, J. Y. Zhang, F. Videbæk, A. Lipiec, J. Porter, P. Sorensen, David Brown, W. Zha, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, N. Yu, E. P. Sichtermann, S. Ramachandran, L. V. Nogach, B. Pawlik, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, Mariusz Przybycien, Sumit R. Das, Y. Yang, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Siwei Luo, O. Eyser, C. Zhou, A. Gibson, J. H. Thomas, L. P. Zhou, F-H. Chang, Q. Yang, G. S. Averichev, K. Meehan, Shize Yang, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, L. Didenko, I. Chakaberia, I. K. Yoo, J. K. Adkins, A. Harlenderova, F. Seck, Md. Nasim, R. D. Majka, L. Zhang, Wei Xie, D. K. Mishra, Xiangming Sun, M. Posik, H. M. Spinka, Arka Chatterjee, J. M. Campbell, Q. H. Xu, R. Witt, R. Fatemi, L. He, Shaji Kumar, Todd Kinghorn, D. Kalinkin, T. Ullrich, A. Aparin, I. G. Alekseev, W. Guryn, J. Schambach, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, J. Xu, N. Kulathunga, S. Mioduszewski, S. Fazio, A. Vossen, T. G. Dedovich, J. D. Negrete, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Mei, K. Krueger, S. Esumi, J. Fedorisin, M. M. Mondal, J. C. Webb, Isaac Mooney, N. Xu, P. Filip, N. Schmitz, Zebo Tang, Xiaofeng Luo, I. Kisel, Guo-Liang Ma, W. Christie, Li Yi, E. Shahaliev, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Chi Yang, Jaroslav Bielcik, D. G. Underwood, R. Seto, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, J. Lidrych, G. D. Westfall, N. K. Pruthi, A. S. Hirsch, M. Cherney, Shengli Huang, Y. Li, S. Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, G. Eppley, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, J. Jia, Arabinda Behera, C. E. Flores, A. Ogawa, E. G. Judd, O. V. Rogachevskiy, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, A. M. Schmah, Jana Bielcikova, Z. J. Xu, D. N. Svirida, J. Pluta, J. L. Romero, J. Cheng, M. Tokarev, D. A. Morozov, A. Quintero, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, I. Vassiliev, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, P. Federic, Lokesh Kumar, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, X.G. Li, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, Lukas Kramarik, C. Perkins, J. W. Harris, Zongye Zhang, Y. Guo, J. M. Nelson, W. J. Llope, C. Zhong, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Trentalange, M. Zyzak, E. Finch, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Sergey Voloshin, Zubayer Ahammed, Xuedong Bai, Janet Elizabeth Seger, S. Margetis, D. L. Olvitt, L. Ma, Vitaly Okorokov, G. Agakishiev, D. S. Gunarathne, I. M. Deppner, G. Wang, Rene Bellwied, X. Dong, Bernd Surrow, Anju Bhasin, N. Elsey, G. Xie, J. Bryslawskyj, D. Mayes, Z. Chang, A. J. Bassill, D. Cebra, K. Jiang, J. A. Mazer, Giacomo Contin, K. Kauder, R. E. Tribble, W. B. Schmidke, Alexander Jentsch, T. D. S. Stanislaus, Yanjun Wu, Tetsuro Sugiura, K. Kang, T. Niida, Q. Y. Shou, C. A. Gagliardi, D. Kapukchyan, P. Federicova, C-Q. Li, D. Arkhipkin, A. Hamed, Arkadiy Taranenko, Zhanwen Zhu, Y. J. Sun, A. Lebedev, H. H. Wieman, Nihar Sahoo, C. Dilks, X. C. Chen, Christina Markert, D. Smirnov, O. Rusnakova, Michal Sumbera, R. Pak, J. Rusnak, J. L. Drachenberg, H. S. Matis, A. A. P. Suaide, Olga Evdokimov, B. Huang, Song Zhang, S. Kabana, A. H. Tang, L. K. Kosarzewski, A. F. Kraishan, Justin Ewigleben, I. Upsal, M. Sergeeva, S. B. Nurushev, W. W. Jacobs, J. Engelage, Catherine Tomkiel, B.R. Schweid, T. J. Humanic, J. Lauret, Anthony Robert Timmins, N.N. Ajitanand, L. Ruan, Joseph Kwasizur, Jay Roberts, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, T. Tarnowsky, G. Odyniec, G. Nigmatkulov, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, H. J. Crawford, Z. Ye, Jaroslav Adam, Maowu Nie, X. Huang, A. Attri, A. Kechechyan, S. S. Shi, H. W. Ke, S. K. Radhakrishnan, S. W. Wissink, L. Fulek, Pradip Kumar Sahu, T. Nonaka, B. S. Page, Y. Zhang, I. Bunzarov, O. Matonoha, D. P. Kikola, B. Stringfellow, J. M. Landgraf, R. S. Longacre, Jing-Han Chen, P. Huo, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, T. Todoroki, M. Strikhanov, Chong Kim, H. G. Ritter, Xuan Zhang, P. V. Shanmuganathan, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, J. Sandweiss, J. R. Adams, Yunpeng Liu, Derek Anderson, R. Aoyama, A. K. Bhati, N. G. Minaev, D. Mallick, W. Solyst, D. Keane, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, G. Igo, Nikolai Smirnov, N. Herrmann, L. Krauth, Jongmin Lee, L. G. Efimov, R. L. Ray, R. Ma, J. Butterworth, Y. F. Xu, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Reed, T. Ljubicic, S. Siejka, Niseem Magdy, H. Caines, M. Lomnitz, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, Yu-Gang Ma, Y. Fisyak, Samuel Heppelmann, K. Oh, R. Lacey, P. Szymanski, B. Tu, P. Seyboth, Jan Vanek, Leszek Adamczyk, D. Tlusty, F. G. Atetalla, O. D. Tsai, Peter Q. Liu, J. Kvapil, Nilay Shah, W. Q. Shen, Jorn Henning Putschke, A. V. Brandin, Xiang Sun, Vipul Bairathi, James Brandenburg, K. N. Barish, H. Liu, A. A. Derevschikov, David Stewart, Sevil Salur, Y. Wang, K. Yip, and Rafal Sikora
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Binding energy, Lattice QCD, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Correlation function, 0103 physical sciences, Bound state, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: We present the first measurement of the proton–Ω correlation function in heavy-ion collisions for the central (0–40%) and peripheral (40–80%) Au + Au collisions at s NN = 200 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC). Predictions for the ratio of peripheral collisions to central collisions for the proton–Ω correlation function are sensitive to the presence of a nucleon–Ω bound state. These predictions are based on the proton–Ω interaction extracted from ( 2 + 1 ) -flavor lattice QCD calculations at the physical point. The measured ratio of the proton–Ω correlation function between the peripheral (small system) and central (large system) collisions is less than unity for relative momentum smaller than 40 MeV/c. Comparison of our measured correlation ratio with theoretical calculation slightly favors a proton–Ω bound system with a binding energy of ∼ 27 MeV.
Published: 2019

29. Seismic Performance Assessment of an Ultra-High–Voltage Power Transformer

Author: Qiang Xie, Andrew S. Whittaker, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, business.industry, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Electrical engineering, 020101 civil engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology, 0201 civil engineering, Power (physics), Distribution system, Geophysics, Ultra high voltage, Environmental science, business
Abstract: Ultra-high–voltage (UHV) power distribution systems are seeing increased use in the seismically active regions of developing world, including China, as backbone power grids are being built out over long distances. This paper presents a study of the seismic performance of a UHV power transformer. Construction details for a typical Chinese UHV power transformer are described. The seismic behavior of the UHV power transformer is evaluated numerically, including calculation of modal properties and response to design basis earthquake shaking. The amplification of ground motion to the points of attachment of the seismically vulnerable transformer bushings is characterized. Alternative configurations for the sidewall-mounted turrets are investigated to mitigate the dynamic response of the 1,100-kV bushing.
Published: 2019

30. Comparison of transverse single-spin asymmetries for forward π0 production in polarized pp , pAl and pAu collisions at nucleon pair c.m. energy sNN=200 GeV

Author: Muhammad Usman Ashraf, Jaroslav Bielcik, N. Xu, P. Filip, Sergey Voloshin, Xinyue Ju, G. D. Westfall, K. Jiang, Y. Wang, Y. Hu, O. V. Rogachevskiy, D. Kalinkin, G. Eppley, S. Heppelmann, B. J. Summa, M. Csanad, D. D. Koetke, S. Harabasz, J. Pluta, Peng Liu, Anju Bhasin, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, J. Putschke, Xiaofeng Zhu, W. Christie, Ying Liang, D. Kincses, M. Zyzak, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, Skipper Kagamaster, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, X.G. Li, Janet Elizabeth Seger, I. M. Deppner, K. Kang, T. Niida, A. Lebedev, Maria Stefaniak, Qi Yang, Zuojia Wang, A. Ogawa, Y. Fisyak, M. Tokarev, S. Ramachandran, O. Eyser, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, Mariusz Przybycien, Q. H. Xu, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, Rene Bellwied, Y. J. Sun, C. Dilks, W. He, Y. Yu, Md. Nasim, R. D. Majka, Siwei Luo, J. L. Drachenberg, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, S. Kabana, D. Isenhower, J. D. Brandenburg, Z. Z. Xu, M. I. Nagy, Y. F. Wu, R. E. Tribble, Yunpeng Liu, P. Szymanski, Lin Ma, F. Videbæk, C-Q. Li, T. D. S. Stanislaus, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, Christina Markert, H. H. Wieman, L. Didenko, N. G. Minaev, Y. Li, Jize Zhao, R. Witt, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Jiangyong Jia, Sedigheh Jowzaee, B. Kimelman, D. Zhang, I. G. Alekseev, S. Mioduszewski, H. S. Matis, M. A. Lisa, S. Esumi, L. K. Kosarzewski, Y. Lin, A. V. Brandin, I. Vassiliev, X. Chu, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, Isaac Mooney, Yunlan Ji, X. M. Sun, K. N. Barish, Guannan Xie, Xuan Zhang, W. W. Jacobs, J. Rusnak, J. Lauret, P. Federic, Audrey Francisco, Vitaly Okorokov, Chitrasen Jena, J. Engelage, D. Kapukchyan, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, G. Nigmatkulov, Shengli Huang, Daniel Nemes, P. Sorensen, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, Joseph Kwasizur, P. V. Shanmuganathan, Z. Ye, Maowu Nie, M. Kocan, Z. Tu, Bernd Surrow, X. Huang, R. S. Longacre, S. Horvat, L. Ruan, N. Elsey, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, Diana Pawlowska, P. Seyboth, T. Tarnowsky, Jan Vanek, Shangfeng Yang, Dukhishyam Mallick, A. Kechechyan, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, M. L. Kabir, T. Nonaka, D. Keane, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, J. H. Chen, C. J. Feng, Rajarshi Ray, W. B. Schmidke, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, Vipul Bairathi, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Irakli Chakaberia, A. A. P. Suaide, R. Reed, W. Zha, M. Sergeeva, Guo-Liang Ma, J. M. Landgraf, D. Chen, M. H. Kelsey, Catherine Tomkiel, G. Agakishiev, C. A. Gagliardi, Li Yi, A. A. Derevschikov, S. S. Shi, J. R. Adams, G. Igo, D. A. Morozov, D. Cebra, Leszek Adamczyk, J. W. Harris, Zubayer Ahammed, N. S. Lukow, Z. Moravcova, T. Edmonds, M. Strikhanov, W. J. Llope, C. Zhou, Zhanwen Zhu, S. W. Wissink, P. Kravtsov, D. Neff, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Zhenyu Chen, Wei Xie, J. D. Nam, D. G. Underwood, F. G. Atetalla, O. D. Tsai, J. M. Nelson, Alexander Jentsch, N. K. Pruthi, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, A. Gibson, B. S. Page, Y. Zhang, Avishek Chatterjee, C. Zhong, X. G. Luo, A. S. Nunes, Q. Y. Shou, D. P. Kikola, A. Attri, Y. F. Xu, R. Pak, B. Stringfellow, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, R. Seto, J. Cheng, A. Aparin, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, Y. G. Ma, Jing-Han Chen, A. Ewigleben, Olga Evdokimov, Peng Huo, J. M. Butterworth, L. S. Pinsky, K. Yip, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, David Stewart, J. S. Wang, Sevil Salur, C. Yang, Xiaoyu Liu, W. Guryn, R. Lacey, J. C. Webb, N. Schmitz, S. He, G. Wang, E. Shahaliev, M. M. Mondal, Lokesh Kumar, E. G. Judd, Maria Zurek, Jaroslav Adam, J. Fedorisin, N. Magdy, Y. H. Leung, L. C. Bland, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, K. Krueger, D. Tlusty, Susumu Sato, Z. Liu, H. Sako, Hao Qiu, W. Solyst, Yicheng Feng, Y. Shi, N. Herrmann, Jana Bielcikova, J. L. Romero, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, Lukas Kramarik, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, Y. He, E. Finch, J. K. Adkins, R. Fatemi, Todd Kinghorn, I. Upsal, H. Liu, M. Cherney, Xiangming Sun, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, A. Hamed, X. C. Chen, Alexander Kiselev, X. Gou, Robert Licenik, Anthony Robert Timmins, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, S. Trentalange, B. Pawlik, S. Zhang, Zebo Tang, C. Perkins, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, Y. Hong, Z. Chang, A. Pandav, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, S. Lan, F. Seck, L. V. Nogach, M. Posik, Arabinda Behera, J. B. Singh, S. Kumar, H. M. Spinka, T. G. Dedovich, D. N. Svirida, Somnath Choudhury, J. Porter, Ivan Kisel, M. S. Daugherity, H. W. Ke, L. Fulek, Y. Yang, Z. J. Zhang, Nilay Shah, Chong Kim, Ashik Ikbal Sheikh, Donald M. Anderson, H. G. Ritter, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, J. H. Thomas, F-H. Chang, G. S. Averichev, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Margetis, X. Dong, E. P. Sichtermann, T. Ullrich, C. C. Zhang, H. S. Xu, M. Chevalier, Jongmin Lee, R. Ma, T. Ljubicic, X. H. He, H. Caines, and A. Quintero
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Pion, Electromagnetic calorimeter, Proton, Meson, Pseudorapidity, Production (computer science), Nucleon, Spin-½
Abstract: Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, J; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Chen, Z; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Chu, X; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dilks, C; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, A; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Gou, X; Grosnick, D | Abstract: The STAR collaboration reports a measurement of the transverse single-spin asymmetries, AN, for neutral pions produced in polarized proton collisions with protons (pp), with aluminum nuclei (pAl) and with gold nuclei (pAu) at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV. Neutral pions are observed in the forward direction relative to the transversely polarized proton beam, in the pseudorapidity region 2.7lηl3.8. Results are presented for π0s observed in the STAR forward meson spectrometer electromagnetic calorimeter in narrow Feynman x (xF) and transverse momentum (pT) bins, spanning the range 0.172.5 GeV/c. It is further observed that the value of AN is significantly larger for events with a large-pT isolated π0 than for events with a nonisolated π0 accompanied by additional jetlike fragments. The nuclear dependence r(A) is similar for isolated and nonisolated π0 events.
Published: 2021

31. Thermodynamics of partonic matter in relativistic heavy-ion collisions from a multiphase transport model

Author: Han-Sheng Wang, Guo-Liang Ma, Zi-Wei Lin, and Wei-jie Fu
Subjects: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Using the string melting version of a multiphase transport model, we focus on the evolution of thermodynamic properties of the central cell of parton matter produced in Au$+$Au collisions ranging from 200 GeV down to 2.7 GeV. The temperature and chemical potentials have been calculated based on both Boltzmann and quantum statistics in order to locate their evolution trajectories in the QCD phase diagram. We demonstrate that the trajectories can depend on many physical factors, especially the finite nuclear thickness at lower energies. However, from the evolution of pressure anisotropy, only partial thermalization can be achieved when the partonic systems reach the predicted QCD phase boundary. It provides some helpful insights to studying the QCD phase structure through relativistic heavy-ion collisions., 17 pages, 15 figures, final published version
Published: 2021

32. Parton collisional effect on the conversion of geometry eccentricities into momentum anisotropies in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author: Yu-Gang Ma, Long Ma, and Guo-Liang Ma
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, FOS: Physical sciences, Geometry, Parton, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Momentum, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Flow (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Heavy ion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Anisotropy, Eccentricity (mathematics), Nuclear theory
Abstract: We explore parton collisional effects on the conversion of geometry eccentricities into azimuthal anisotropies in Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV using a multi-phase transport model. The initial eccentricity $\varepsilon_{n}$ (n = 2,3) and flow harmonics $v_{n}$ (n = 2,3) are investigated as a function of the number of parton collisions ($N_{coll}$) during the source evolution of partonic phase. It is found that partonic collisions leads to generate elliptic flow $v_{2}$ and triangular flow $v_{3}$ in Pb+Pb collisions. On the other hand, partonic collisions also result in an evolution of the eccentricity of geometry. The collisional effect on the flow conversion efficiency is therefore studied. We find that the partons with larger $N_{coll}$ show a lower flow conversion efficiency, which reflect differential behaviors with respect to $N_{coll}$. It provides an additional insight into the dynamics of the space-momentum transformation during the QGP evolution from a transport model point of view., 11 pages, 12 figues
Published: 2021

33. Measurements of W and Z/γ* cross sections and their ratios in p+p collisions at RHIC

Author: J. W. Harris, I. Vassiliev, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, N. S. Lukow, Sergey Voloshin, Xinyue Ju, Yunlan Ji, G. Xie, Frank Jm Geurts, Xuan Zhang, T. Galatyuk, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, K. Jiang, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, W. Christie, C. J. Feng, Y. Yu, K. Kauder, R. S. Longacre, Anthony Robert Timmins, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, D. A. Morozov, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, X. Sun, X. Huang, A. Kechechyan, J. K. Adkins, Nasim, P. V. Shanmuganathan, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Reed, T. Edmonds, R. Witt, S. Mioduszewski, K. N. Barish, X.G. Li, R. Fatemi, Todd Kinghorn, M. L. Kabir, Janet Elizabeth Seger, N. K. Pruthi, K. Krueger, D. Mallick, X. Chu, B. K. Chan, Daniel Nemes, Jie Zhao, S. Horvat, I. Upsal, Yawen Wang, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, M. Simko, I. M. Deppner, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, G. Igo, M. Cherney, Xiangming Sun, Lokesh Kumar, F. Liu, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, D. N. Svirida, Siwei Luo, Hua Pei, Catherine Tomkiel, S. W. Wissink, Christina Markert, J. Butterworth, Mariusz Przybycien, Olga Evdokimov, Y. Yang, G. Eppley, D. Neff, Y. Zhang, W. Zha, Z. Ye, B. J. Summa, J. Pluta, S. Harabasz, J. R. Adams, A. A. Derevschikov, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, Zebo Tang, J. Putschke, Zuojia Wang, Y. H. Leung, J. L. Romero, Jana Bielcikova, M. Tokarev, Yunpeng Liu, Derek Anderson, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, Q. H. Xu, W. He, M. Kelsey, Lukas Kramarik, Skipper Kagamaster, R. D. Majka, L. V. Nogach, C. Perkins, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, J. L. Drachenberg, F. G. Atetalla, O. D. Tsai, Anju Bhasin, Z. Zhang, K. Kang, P. Sorensen, Sooraj Radhakrishnan, J. D. Brandenburg, Maria Zurek, H. W. Ke, Sanjeev Kumar, Y. He, E. Finch, D. G. Underwood, H. S. Matis, Jiangyong Jia, Isaac Mooney, S. Fazio, Xuliang Chen, L. K. Kosarzewski, Yicheng Feng, Y. Shi, Z. Moravcova, W. W. Jacobs, J. Lauret, J. M. Nelson, L. Ma, Y. Xu, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, N. G. Minaev, W. J. Llope, C. Zhou, J. Adam, B. Kimelman, T. D. S. Stanislaus, H. H. Wieman, L. Didenko, I. Chakaberia, V. Bairathi, A. Lebedev, L. Kochenda, M. I. Nagy, T. Tarnowsky, Z. Tu, C. Li, S. Ramachandran, O. Eyser, Maksym Zyzak, Xiaoyu Liu, Y. Li, A. Attri, P. Liu, Rene Bellwied, R. E. Tribble, Arghya Chatterjee, Seongshik Oh, P. C. Weidenkaff, Nilay Shah, J. S. Wang, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, J. B. Singh, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, J. Rusnak, J. Cheng, D. Kapukchyan, Maria Stefaniak, J. C. Webb, A. V. Brandin, M. U. Ashraf, C. Jena, Y. Lin, M. Kocan, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, R. Seto, Zubayer Ahammed, L. Ruan, Takafumi Niida, E. G. Judd, J. Chen, H. Liu, T. Nonaka, Wei Li, David Stewart, Wei Xie, A. Jentsch, J. D. Nam, A. Ogawa, D. Tlusty, Peng Huo, T. G. Dedovich, Q. Y. Shou, Sevil Salur, A. I. Sheikh, W. Guryn, A. Aparin, R. Lacey, R. Pak, I. G. Bordyuzhin, N. Schmitz, Y. Panebratsev, J. Fedorisin, Xiaofeng Luo, E. Shahaliev, J. A. Mazer, D. Grosnick, A. Ewigleben, Y. J. Sun, A. Francisco, L. S. Pinsky, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, Y. Hong, D. Isenhower, A. Pandav, K. Yip, Samuel Heppelmann, M. Sergeeva, K. Nayak, T. J. Humanic, Guo-Liang Ma, N. Xu, P. Filip, Li Yi, Z. Liu, Arkadiy Taranenko, D. Keane, Nikolai Smirnov, G. D. Westfall, B. S. Page, D. P. Kikola, B. Stringfellow, P. Kravtsov, Joseph Kwasizur, D. Kincses, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, F. Videbæk, S. S. Shi, Diana Pawlowska, Y. G. Ma, Jing-Han Chen, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Margetis, X. Dong, H. Xu, E. P. Sichtermann, T. Ullrich, C. C. Zhang, M. Chevalier, Jongmin Lee, R. L. Ray, R. Ma, Y. Fisyak, T. Ljubicic, P. Szymanski, X. H. He, Niseem Magdy, H. Caines, G. Wang, N. Herrmann, Jaroslav Bielcik, P. Seyboth, Y. Hu, Jan Vanek, Leszek Adamczyk, P. Federic, O. V. Rogachevskiy, N. R. Sahoo, A. Quintero, A. S. Nunes, D. D. Koetke, R. Licenik, Sujit Kumar Tripathy, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, D. Kalinkin, D. Zhang, A. Hamed, S. Esumi, Vitaly Okorokov, Bernd Surrow, N. Elsey, Z. Chang, W. B. Schmidke, C. A. Gagliardi, Alexander Kiselev, X. Gou, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, Z. J. Xu, S. Trentalange, Yong Wu, B. Pawlik, A. Gibson, S. Zhang, Benjamin Schweid, G. Agakishiev, D. Cebra, Zhanwen Zhu, L. C. Bland, Y. F. Xu, S. Kabana, Chi Yang, I. G. Alekseev, M. A. Lisa, J. Engelage, G. Nigmatkulov, Chong Kim, J. M. Landgraf, H. G. Ritter, D. Chen, J. H. Thomas, M. Strikhanov, G. Odyniec, C. Zhong, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, F-H. Chang, Q. Yang, J. Sandweiss, Mate Csanad, Z. Yang, S. He, G. S. Averichev, J. Porter, Z. Chen, M. S. Daugherity, Ivan Kisel, Tong Liu, Z. J. Zhang, Susumu Sato, Hao Qiu, W. Solyst, S. Choudhury, S. L. Huang, M. Nie, Shize Yang, S. Lan, F. Seck, M. Posik, Arabinda Behera, Hiroyuki Sako, H. M. Spinka, and L. Fulek
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Chatterjee, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Mathematical physics
Abstract: Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, J; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Chen, Z; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Chu, X; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, A; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Gou, X; Grosnick, D; Guryn, W | Abstract: We report on the W and Z/γ∗ differential and total cross sections as well as the W+/W- and (W++W-)/(Z/γ∗) cross section ratios measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC in p+p collisions at s=500 GeV and 510 GeV. The cross sections and their ratios are sensitive to quark and antiquark parton distribution functions. In particular, at leading order, the W cross section ratio is sensitive to the d¯/ū ratio. These measurements were taken at high Q2∼MW2,MZ2 and can serve as input into global analyses to provide constraints on the sea quark distributions. The results presented here combine three STAR datasets from 2011, 2012, and 2013, accumulating an integrated luminosity of 350 pb-1. We also assess the expected impact that our W+/W- cross section ratios will have on various quark distributions, and find sensitivity to the ū-d¯ and d¯/ū distributions.
Published: 2021

34. Interpreting the charge-dependent flow and constraining the chiral magnetic wave with event shape engineering

Author: Guo-Liang Ma, Wenya Wu, Song Zhang, C. F. Wang, Qiye Shou, and Yu-Gang Ma
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Charge conservation, Nuclear Theory, media_common.quotation_subject, QC1-999, FOS: Physical sciences, Charge (physics), Plasma, Asymmetry, Computational physics, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Flow (mathematics), Quadrupole, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, Event (particle physics), Blast wave, media_common
Abstract: The charge asymmetry (Ach) dependence of anisotropic flow serves as an important tool to search for the chiral magnetic wave (CMW) in heavy-ion collisions. However, the background effect, such as the local charge conservation (LCC) entwined with collective flow, has not yet been unambiguously eliminated in the measurement. With the help of two models, the AMPT with initial quadrupole moment and the blast wave (BW) incorporating LCC, we discuss the features of the LCC-induced and the CMW-induced correlations between Ach and the flow. More importantly, we first propose to use the Event Shape Engineering (ESE) technique to distinguish the background and the signal for the CMW study. This method would be highly desirable in the experimental search for the CMW and provides more insights for understanding the charge-dependent collective motion of the quark-gluon plasma., Comment: 7 pages, 5 figures
Published: 2021
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35. Measurement of inclusive charged-particle jet production in Au + Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Author: Mate Csanad, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, Chong Kim, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, S. He, Sergey Voloshin, Anju Bhasin, C-Q. Li, Xinyue Ju, Christina Markert, H. G. Ritter, D. Tlusty, K. Jiang, Y. Wang, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, M. I. Nagy, H. S. Matis, Y. F. Wu, R. Witt, S. Mioduszewski, K. Kang, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Shengli Huang, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, T. Niida, Audrey Francisco, Zubayer Ahammed, L. K. Kosarzewski, Y. Fisyak, Lin Ma, Y. J. Sun, W. W. Jacobs, J. B. Singh, G. Eppley, G. Agakishiev, D. Kapukchyan, J. Lauret, Q. Y. Shou, A. Lebedev, L. Adamczyk, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, R. Pak, D. Cebra, Zhanwen Zhu, Guo-Liang Ma, J. Pluta, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, Shangfeng Yang, J. H. Chen, C. J. Feng, Rajarshi Ray, Olga Evdokimov, S. Kabana, Jay Roberts, M. Zyzak, A. V. Brandin, L. Kochenda, Z. Tu, T. G. Dedovich, Maria Zurek, Vitaly Okorokov, K. Krueger, A. Gibson, C. Zhong, P. Seyboth, D. A. Morozov, T. Edmonds, Yicheng Feng, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, Alexander Kiselev, J. H. Thomas, Jan Vanek, Skipper Kagamaster, Vipul Bairathi, Irakli Chakaberia, J. M. Butterworth, Rene Bellwied, Wei Xie, J. C. Webb, J. D. Nam, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, M. S. Daugherity, M. Sergeeva, F-H. Chang, I. G. Bordyuzhin, H. W. Ke, Li Yi, L. Fulek, J. Engelage, G. Nigmatkulov, Susumu Sato, Hao Qiu, D. Kalinkin, Bernd Surrow, A. Aparin, Zhenyu Chen, R. E. Tribble, W. Solyst, Siwei Luo, S. Heppelmann, J. M. Landgraf, Xiaoyu Liu, Jize Zhao, Peng Huo, N. Schmitz, M. H. Kelsey, B. J. Summa, S. Harabasz, Y. F. Xu, Zebo Tang, E. Shahaliev, I. G. Alekseev, M. A. Lisa, D. Chen, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, D. N. Svirida, G. Wang, M. Strikhanov, M. M. Mondal, E. G. Judd, H. Sako, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, X. Chu, N. Herrmann, Maria Stefaniak, Y. Lin, Yunlan Ji, G. S. Averichev, Jana Bielcikova, S. Ramachandran, O. Eyser, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, P. M. Jacobs, S. Trentalange, J. L. Romero, B. S. Page, N. Elsey, Avishek Chatterjee, L. V. Nogach, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, H. Liu, Z. Chang, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Lukas Kramarik, Catherine Tomkiel, W. Guryn, Jiangyong Jia, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, E. Finch, Y. Yang, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, D. P. Kikola, S. W. Wissink, D. Neff, Isaac Mooney, Y. Zhang, B. Stringfellow, S. Lan, F. Seck, Nilay Shah, X. C. Chen, R. Lacey, Y. Li, M. Posik, C. Perkins, N. Magdy, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, X. M. Sun, A. Ewigleben, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, Arabinda Behera, L. S. Pinsky, K. Yip, W. B. Schmidke, H. M. Spinka, P. Federic, A. Hamed, Guannan Xie, J. S. Wang, Somnath Choudhury, Z. Liu, Xuan Zhang, C. Yang, J. Porter, C. A. Gagliardi, Z. Moravcova, Y. Hong, Robert Licenik, J. Putschke, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, F. Liu, Ivan Kisel, Miroslav Simko, A. Pandav, Anthony Robert Timmins, J. Fedorisin, I. Vassiliev, N. K. Pruthi, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Z. J. Zhang, Mariusz Przybycien, A. Ogawa, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, B. Pawlik, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, P. Sorensen, Joseph Kwasizur, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, D. G. Underwood, Jaroslav Bielcik, S. Zhang, D. Kincses, J. K. Adkins, S. S. Shi, Md. Nasim, R. D. Majka, R. Reed, Dukhishyam Mallick, J. L. Drachenberg, R. Fatemi, J. M. Nelson, W. Christie, Todd Kinghorn, W. J. Llope, C. Zhou, Y. Hu, Y. G. Ma, Alexander Jentsch, I. Upsal, O. V. Rogachevskiy, A. Attri, F. Videbæk, J. Cheng, Chitrasen Jena, M. Cherney, Xiangming Sun, Diana Pawlowska, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, J. W. Harris, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, N. S. Lukow, Roli Esha, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, Daniel Nemes, S. Horvat, X. G. Luo, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, D. Zhang, W. Zha, S. Esumi, R. Seto, W. He, Lokesh Kumar, Jaroslav Adam, J. D. Brandenburg, Y. H. Leung, L. C. Bland, L. Didenko, K. N. Barish, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Tarnowsky, A. A. Derevschikov, E. P. Sichtermann, T. Ullrich, N. Xu, P. Filip, H. S. Xu, G. D. Westfall, D. Keane, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Margetis, F. G. Atetalla, X. Dong, O. D. Tsai, P. C. Weidenkaff, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, David Stewart, M. Chevalier, Sevil Salur, Jongmin Lee, Peng Liu, R. Ma, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, Z. Ye, D. Isenhower, Maowu Nie, T. Ljubicic, R. S. Longacre, X. Huang, Z. Z. Xu, X. H. He, Zhigang Xiao, A. Kechechyan, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, T. Nonaka, T. Huang, Yunpeng Liu, Derek Anderson, M. L. Kabir, H. Caines, A. Quintero, N. G. Minaev, B. Kimelman, M. Tokarev, P. Szymanski, T. D. S. Stanislaus, H. H. Wieman, J. Rusnak, G. Igo, M. Kocan, L. Ruan, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, Qi Yang, Zuojia Wang, Q. H. Xu, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, X.G. Li, Janet Elizabeth Seger, J. R. Adams, and I. M. Deppner
Subjects: Physics, Jet (fluid), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Recoil, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Jet quenching, Event generator
Abstract: The STAR Collaboration at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider reports the first measurement of inclusive jet production in peripheral and central Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm using charged tracks with pseudorapidity |η
Published: 2020

36. Measurement of inclusive J/ψ polarization in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV by the STAR experiment

Author: M. Sergeeva, Qi Yang, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, Zuojia Wang, S. He, Q. H. Xu, Guo-Liang Ma, D. Tlusty, B. S. Page, Avishek Chatterjee, Li Yi, D. P. Kikola, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, F. Videbæk, M. Chevalier, Z. Chang, Chitrasen Jena, G. Agakishiev, Diana Pawlowska, B. Stringfellow, S. Bueltmann, D. Kincses, S. Lan, F. Seck, Alexander Kiselev, Maria Stefaniak, W. Christie, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, Y. F. Xu, Jongmin Lee, D. G. Underwood, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, D. Cebra, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, G. Eppley, Y. Yang, Siwei Luo, N. Magdy, Lukas Holub, M. Posik, Arabinda Behera, H. M. Spinka, H. Z. Huang, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, Yunpeng Liu, N. G. Minaev, X. C. Chen, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, Somnath Choudhury, Zubayer Ahammed, W. J. Llope, C. Zhou, R. Ma, J. Porter, D. Keane, Nilay Shah, Zhanwen Zhu, Bedangadas Mohanty, S. Vokal, P. Chaloupka, B. Kimelman, X.G. Li, Robert Licenik, J. Pluta, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Janet Elizabeth Seger, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Z. Liu, Ivan Kisel, D. N. Svirida, Zebo Tang, A. Gibson, Alexander Jentsch, Audrey Francisco, C. Zhong, Ting Lin, N. Xu, P. Filip, M. I. Nagy, Y. F. Wu, M. Zyzak, Y. Fisyak, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, J. K. Adkins, Z. J. Zhang, I. M. Deppner, Q. Y. Shou, A. V. Brandin, S. Trentalange, X. M. Sun, H. Liu, D. Zhang, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, R. Fatemi, Lin Ma, Todd Kinghorn, P. Sorensen, Joseph Kwasizur, J. Cheng, T. Ljubicic, X. H. He, F. G. Atetalla, A. Attri, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Y. Li, J. R. Adams, G. D. Westfall, M. H. Kelsey, I. Upsal, R. Pak, Jiangyong Jia, O. D. Tsai, Vipul Bairathi, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, A. Hamed, J. H. Thomas, D. Kapukchyan, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, Skipper Kagamaster, H. Caines, Irakli Chakaberia, F. Liu, J. M. Butterworth, L. V. Nogach, M. Cherney, Miroslav Simko, Shangfeng Yang, S. Esumi, S. S. Shi, Mariusz Przybycien, Rene Bellwied, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, A. Quintero, Peng Huo, P. C. Weidenkaff, Isaac Mooney, F-H. Chang, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, J. H. Chen, C. J. Feng, Rajarshi Ray, Xiaoyu Liu, R. Witt, Zhenyu Chen, J. C. Webb, C-Q. Li, G. S. Averichev, P. Federic, C. Perkins, J. M. Nelson, S. Mioduszewski, R. S. Longacre, W. Guryn, E. P. Sichtermann, B. Pawlik, H. Sako, R. E. Tribble, R. Lacey, Christina Markert, M. L. Kabir, A. Ewigleben, H. S. Matis, L. S. Pinsky, Susumu Sato, David Stewart, Md. Nasim, Y. G. Ma, Jaroslav Bielcik, M. M. Mondal, Jana Bielcikova, S. Zhang, E. G. Judd, Jize Zhao, G. Wang, R. D. Majka, J. B. Singh, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Chong Kim, K. Yip, J. S. Wang, Hao Qiu, W. Solyst, Sevil Salur, D. A. Morozov, T. Edmonds, J. L. Romero, Y. Lin, R. Seto, L. K. Kosarzewski, W. W. Jacobs, J. Fedorisin, G. Igo, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, J. Lauret, J. L. Drachenberg, Z. Ye, C. Yang, Shengli Huang, B. K. Chan, Sergey Voloshin, J. Rusnak, Peng Liu, Lukas Kramarik, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, Olga Evdokimov, Yunlan Ji, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, Catherine Tomkiel, Z. Tu, T. G. Dedovich, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, Xinyue Ju, Maowu Nie, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, Y. Hu, D. Kalinkin, E. Finch, Anju Bhasin, Donald M. Anderson, H. G. Ritter, M. Kocan, Roli Esha, Frank Jm Geurts, O. V. Rogachevskiy, S. Heppelmann, S. W. Wissink, D. Neff, Y. Zhang, Jay Roberts, Daniel Nemes, T. Ullrich, X. Huang, L. Ruan, K. Jiang, Y. Wang, D. Isenhower, S. Horvat, T. Galatyuk, Z. Z. Xu, B. J. Summa, N. Herrmann, Maria Zurek, E. Hoffman, I. G. Alekseev, K. Kang, Guannan Xie, Xuan Zhang, Y. Hong, K. Krueger, A. Kechechyan, T. Niida, M. A. Lisa, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, A. Pandav, Yicheng Feng, J. Putschke, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, Rafal Sikora, H. S. Xu, Wei Xie, A. Lebedev, L. Adamczyk, P. Seyboth, J. D. Nam, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, K. N. Barish, A. Ogawa, Jan Vanek, T. Nonaka, Z. Moravcova, A. Aparin, S. Ramachandran, Vitaly Okorokov, O. Eyser, E. C. Aschenauer, Bernd Surrow, S. Margetis, R. Reed, N. K. Pruthi, N. Schmitz, X. Dong, E. Shahaliev, N. Elsey, P. V. Shanmuganathan, W. B. Schmidke, C. A. Gagliardi, M. Tokarev, T. Tarnowsky, P. Szymanski, T. D. S. Stanislaus, H. H. Wieman, M. S. Daugherity, A. A. Derevschikov, H. W. Ke, L. Fulek, W. He, J. D. Brandenburg, J. Engelage, G. Nigmatkulov, J. M. Landgraf, L. Didenko, D. Chen, M. Strikhanov, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, I. Vassiliev, Lokesh Kumar, Jaroslav Adam, Y. H. Leung, Y. J. Sun, L. C. Bland, S. Kabana, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Dukhishyam Mallick, J. W. Harris, N. S. Lukow, X. G. Luo, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, and Mate Csanad
Subjects: Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Chatterjee, Transverse momentum, 010306 general physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Mathematical physics
Abstract: Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Bueltmann, S; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Chen, Z; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, A; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Grosnick, D; Guryn, W; Hamad, AI | Abstract: We report on new measurements of inclusive J/ψ polarization at midrapidity in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The polarization parameters, λθ, λφ, and λθφ, are measured as a function of transverse momentum (pT) in both the helicity and Collins-Soper (CS) reference frames within pTl10 GeV/c. Except for λθ in the CS frame at the highest measured pT, all three polarization parameters are consistent with 0 in both reference frames without any strong pT dependence. Several model calculations are compared with data, and the one using the Color Glass Condensate effective field theory coupled with nonrelativistic QCD gives the best overall description of the experimental results, even though other models cannot be ruled out due to experimental uncertainties.
Published: 2020

37. A novel one-dimensional force sensor calibration method to improve the contact force solution accuracy for legged robot

Author: Kai-xian Ba, Yan-he Song, Ya-peng Shi, Chun-yu Wang, Guo-liang Ma, Yuan Wang, Bin Yu, and Li-peng Yuan
Subjects: Mechanics of Materials, Mechanical Engineering, Bioengineering, Computer Science Applications
Published: 2022

38. Kinematics correction algorithm for the LHDS of a legged robot with semi-cylindrical foot end based on V-DOF

Author: Jun-xiao Zhang, Bin Yu, Li Huashun, Kaixian Ba, Guo-liang Ma, Song Yanhe, and Chun-yu Wang
Subjects: Hydraulic drive system, Point (typography), Computer science, Mechanical Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Kinematics, Computer Science Applications, Computer Science::Robotics, Control and Systems Engineering, Control theory, Signal Processing, Trajectory, Robot, End correction, Legged robot, Slipping, Civil and Structural Engineering
Abstract: The semi-cylindrical foot end of a legged robot is suitable for the robot movements in complex environments and is the most commonly used foot end type. However, its actual contact point will deviate from the ideal contact point when it touches the ground to support the robot or when it slips due to its specific structure, resulting in trajectory deviation. To solve this deviation problem between the actual and desired contact positions of the robot foot end, this study proposes a novel kinematics correction strategy for a legged robot with a semi-cylindrical foot end based on a virtual degree of freedom (V-DOF). Two sampling systems are studied as follows. First, the forward and inverse kinematic solutions are derived when the foot end is regarded as a point; then, the root joint trajectory deviation of the robot’s leg is analyzed, and the deviation value of the foot end in motion is obtained when the robot body is at different angles with the contact surface. Further, considering the tangential relationship between the semi-cylindrical foot end and the contact surface, the foot end is considered as a rod that is always perpendicular to the contact surface. Thus, a semi-cylindrical foot end correction strategy based on V-DOF is established. In addition, the deviation curves when the foot end slips are derived, and it is theoretically proven that the correction algorithm also applies to the slipping of the foot end. Finally, a co-simulation model and an experimental platform of the leg hydraulic drive system (LHDS) are used for simulation and experimental verification. The results indicate that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the root joint trajectory deviation when the legged robot body is at different angles with the contact surface or when the foot end is slipping. The above research results can provide important reference and experimental basis for the legged-motion control with any DOF equipped with such a type of foot end.
Published: 2022

39. Strange hadron production in Au+Au collisions at sNN=7.7 , 11.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV

Author: S. Fazio, I. G. Bordyuzhin, James Brandenburg, K. N. Barish, Z. Ye, T. Tarnowsky, Maowu Nie, A. Kechechyan, Pradip Kumar Sahu, Maria Stefaniak, Lukas Holub, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Bedangadas Mohanty, F. G. Atetalla, G. Eppley, Pavol Federic, A. A. Derevschikov, Dingwei Zhang, J. Pluta, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, Skipper Kagamaster, Subhash Singha, Y. K. Sun, Bernd Surrow, Paul Sorensen, Rene Bellwied, Brian Page, Yifan Hong, John Nelson, Nu Xu, Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Xiangming Sun, Kejun Kang, L. V. Nogach, Jana Bielcikova, B. Huang, Z. Moravcova, N. K. Pruthi, O. D. Tsai, Xinyue Ju, Zhen Liu, Feng Liu, Norbert Herrmann, N. Elsey, J. Putschke, Chris Perkins, K. Gopal, Lanny Ray, A. V. Brandin, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Z. Chang, I. M. Deppner, Song Zhang, Neha Shah, Zebo Tang, A. Ogawa, Takafumi Niida, Vipul Bairathi, Lokesh Kumar, C. A. Gagliardi, Hans Georg Ritter, Jeong-Hun Lee, Peifeng Liu, F. Videbæk, Dmitri Smirnov, Hal Spinka, D. P. Kikola, H. Liu, Joseph Kwasizur, C. Zhong, E. C. Aschenauer, Wen-Qing Shen, Jaroslav Adam, Madan M. Aggarwal, David Stewart, Irakli Chakaberia, B. Stringfellow, Saskia Mioduszewski, Shusu Shi, M. Tokarev, Yang Yang, Matthew Kelsey, Yuanjing Ji, J. Engelage, Robert E. Tribble, Fuqiang Wang, D. K. Mishra, L. Didenko, Y. Fisyak, Qian Yang, Xiaolong Chen, Yaping Wang, Arabinda Behera, Richard Daniel Majka, X. Dong, B. Schmidke, Liang He, Hao-jie Xu, I. K. Yoo, Xiaoyu Liu, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, K. Oh, Chitrasen Jena, X. Zhu, Yifei Zhang, G. Nigmatkulov, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, Rongrong Ma, S. W. Wissink, Miroslav Simko, Ron Longacre, Mariusz Przybycien, F. Seck, P. Szymanski, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Isaac Upsal, Dave Underwood, Xinjie Huang, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Juan M. Romero, Sevil Salur, M. Sergeeva, Qinghua Xu, Maksym Zyzak, J. Rusnak, Christina Markert, H. H. Wieman, O. Rusnakova, H. S. Matis, Nihar Sahoo, Cheng Li, D. Kapukchyan, Declan Keane, J. M. Landgraf, M. Lomnitz, Diana Pawlowska, L. K. Kosarzewski, E. P. Sichtermann, J. Lauret, Jing-Han Chen, Qiye Shou, Shengli Huang, M. Posik, H. W. Ke, L. Fulek, M. M. Mondal, E. G. Judd, P. Seyboth, Jan Vanek, Leszek Adamczyk, Shuai Yang, J. Schambach, D. Kalinkin, Xiaofeng Luo, Guo-Liang Ma, Chensheng Zhou, Alexander Vasiliev, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, S. Stanislaus, L. Kochenda, J. W. Harris, M. Kocan, Robert Licenik, I. G. Alekseev, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Chong Kim, Siwei Luo, Anju Bhasin, R. Seto, Jianping Cheng, Li Yi, Z. Tu, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Mei, Tetsuro Sugiura, A. J. Bassill, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, L. Ruan, ShinIchi Esumi, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, T. Ullrich, S. Heppelmann, C. Dilks, Roland Laszlo Pinter, Xin Li, B. J. Summa, Jaroslav Bielcik, T. G. Dedovich, Dmitry Morozov, M. Strikhanov, K. Yip, Zubayer Ahammed, Joseph Adams, Catherine Tomkiel, Hank Crawford, H. Z. Huang, Kishora Nayak, Rafal Sikora, S. Kabana, Ivan Kisel, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, J. Bryslawskyj, R. Fatemi, A. Lebedev, Manuel Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, Gang Wang, I. Bunzarov, O. Matonoha, Norbert Schmitz, Z. Y. Zhang, Yu-Gang Ma, Jiangyong Jia, Todd Kinghorn, Nalinda Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, O. V. Rogachevskiy, Vitalii Okorokov, Yi Wang, T. Nonaka, T. Todoroki, Guannan Xie, Isaac Mooney, Shenghui Zhang, Ming Shao, L. C. Bland, Arghya Chatterjee, R. Lednicky, Wei Li, Justin Ewigleben, A. Gibson, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, William Jacobs, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Roli Esha, Feng-Han Chang, A. K. Bhati, T. Ljubicic, Wei Xie, M. Cherney, I. Vassiliev, Chi Yang, Rosi Reed, Daniel Nemes, S. Siejka, J. H. Thomas, Yuliang Sun, Jie Zhao, H. Caines, Yi-Fei Xu, A. Quintero, A. H. Tang, Mate Csanad, Hua Pei, Nasim, D. N. Svirida, S. K. Tripathy, R. Pak, A. Aparin, S. Ramachandran, J. L. Drachenberg, Olga Evdokimov, Yuanjing Li, Niseem Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, G. S. Averichev, Zhigang Xiao, Jagbir Singh, T. Huang, Nikolai Smirnov, O. Eyser, W. J. Llope, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, Derek Anderson, Kun Jiang, Jay Roberts, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, Alexander Jentsch, Zhenyu Ye, N. G. Minaev, Maria Zurek, A. Attri, K. Krueger, P. Huo, D. Arkhipkin, A. Hamed, E. Shahaliev, P. Filip, Yicheng Feng, Yang Wu, Anik Gupta, R. Witt, Lei Zhang, Xiaoping Zhang, J. M. Butterworth, Sergei A. Voloshin, Spiros Margetis, Gene Van Buren, Bill Christie, J. C. Webb, D. Tlusty, A. Lipiec, Zhongbin Xu, Lukas Kramarik, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, E. Finch, W. Zha, Peng Liu, Wlodek Guryn, S. Vokal, Yue Liang, Y. Panebratsev, W. Solyst, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, J. Porter, R. Aoyama, Samuel Heppelmann, B. Tu, Tong Liu, S. Das, K. Meehan, G. Agakishiev, S. Horvat, Roy A. Lacey, T. Edmonds, Pengfei Wang, Gary Westfall, D. Cebra, S. Trentalange, Zhanwen Zhu, Kevin Adkins, Long Ma, Yanfang Liu, J. Fedorisin, B. Pawlik, P. V. Shanmuganathan, D. Mallick, G. Igo, K. Kauder, and A. Taranenko
Subjects: Physics, Strange quark, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Strangeness production, Strangeness, 01 natural sciences, Baryon, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse mass, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Impact parameter, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: We present STAR measurements of strange hadron (KS0, Λ, Λ¯, Ξ−, Ξ¯+, Ω−, Ω¯+, and ϕ) production at midrapidity (|y
Published: 2020

40. Beam energy dependence of net- Λ fluctuations measured by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: A. Gibson, D. Kalinkin, S. Heppelmann, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, B. J. Summa, Olga Evdokimov, S. Ramachandran, O. Eyser, Y. Yang, Nilay Shah, W. J. Llope, L. V. Nogach, Jay Roberts, J. Engelage, G. Nigmatkulov, Maria Zurek, J. M. Landgraf, M. Sergeeva, Jongmin Lee, C. Zhou, R. Ma, M. Strikhanov, K. Krueger, Yicheng Feng, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Mate Csanad, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, Alexander Jentsch, J. Bryslawskyj, Lei Zhang, D. Tlusty, Shangfeng Yang, J. H. Chen, Rajarshi Ray, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, B. S. Page, Avishek Chatterjee, Y. Hong, C. Yang, T. Ljubicic, D. P. Kikola, R. Witt, D. A. Morozov, T. Edmonds, Wei Xie, A. Attri, Y. Li, S. Mioduszewski, B. Stringfellow, A. Aparin, H. Caines, P. Federic, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Tetsuro Sugiura, Y. J. Sun, Shengli Huang, C. Dilks, Guannan Xie, A. Quintero, Xuan Zhang, S. Kabana, A. Ewigleben, K. Yip, C. Zhong, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, N. Schmitz, E. Shahaliev, Vitaly Okorokov, Bernd Surrow, J. M. Butterworth, N. Elsey, J. C. Webb, W. B. Schmidke, A. V. Brandin, Zebo Tang, I. Vassiliev, Zubayer Ahammed, C. A. Gagliardi, W. Solyst, J. Rusnak, Jiangyong Jia, E. P. Sichtermann, M. Kocan, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, J. B. Singh, Q. Y. Shou, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, L. Ruan, J. H. Thomas, D. K. Mishra, R. Pak, Vipul Bairathi, Irakli Chakaberia, Jana Bielcikova, X. C. Chen, I. G. Alekseev, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Mei, D. Zhang, Robert Licenik, Isaac Mooney, F-H. Chang, S. Esumi, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, J. L. Romero, J. D. Brandenburg, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, J. K. Adkins, G. S. Averichev, C. Perkins, Jaroslav Bielcik, J. Porter, R. Fatemi, L. He, T. Ullrich, Lukas Kramarik, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, G. Agakishiev, Roli Esha, Todd Kinghorn, Ivan Kisel, D. Cebra, T. G. Dedovich, I. Upsal, Zhanwen Zhu, O. V. Rogachevskiy, L. Didenko, Maria Stefaniak, E. Finch, Daniel Nemes, S. Horvat, M. Cherney, Z. Ye, H. S. Xu, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, Hua Pei, Z. Chang, S. K. Tripathy, R. Reed, K. N. Barish, Maowu Nie, F. Seck, Yunpeng Liu, M. Posik, X. Huang, A. Kechechyan, Arabinda Behera, Sergey Voloshin, H. M. Spinka, P. V. Shanmuganathan, Pradip Kumar Sahu, T. Nonaka, N. G. Minaev, Xinyue Ju, E. C. Aschenauer, J. W. Harris, T. Tarnowsky, X. M. Sun, X. G. Luo, P. Sorensen, Joseph Kwasizur, A. H. Tang, S. Margetis, K. Jiang, Pengdong Wang, M. Tokarev, Y. Wang, Y. F. Wu, N. Xu, P. Filip, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, I. Bunzarov, A. A. Derevschikov, O. Matonoha, P. Szymanski, X. Dong, T. D. S. Stanislaus, H. H. Wieman, S. S. Shi, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, G. D. Westfall, S. Das, A. Gupta, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, D. Kapukchyan, J. M. Nelson, R. Seto, A. Lipiec, K. Meehan, Y. G. Ma, W. Zha, Lokesh Kumar, Jaroslav Adam, Peng Huo, L. C. Bland, W. Guryn, R. Lacey, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, J. Fedorisin, A. A. P. Suaide, D. G. Underwood, Catherine Tomkiel, J. Cheng, S. W. Wissink, Y. Zhang, Dukhishyam Mallick, Xiaoyu Liu, M. M. Mondal, E. G. Judd, N. Magdy, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, Z. Liu, F. Videbæk, Sukalyan Chattopadhyay, Chitrasen Jena, M. Lomnitz, Diana Pawlowska, Yunlan Ji, Anju Bhasin, A. J. Bassill, K. Kang, B. Huang, T. Niida, A. Lebedev, L. Adamczyk, Guo-Liang Ma, Li Yi, R. S. Longacre, Z. Moravcova, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, Dmitry Smirnov, N. K. Pruthi, G. Igo, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, Chong Kim, G. Eppley, Qi Yang, Donald M. Anderson, H. G. Ritter, W. Christie, Q. H. Xu, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, J. Pluta, M. Zyzak, Rafal Sikora, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, J. R. Adams, S. Trentalange, P. Seyboth, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, X.G. Li, Skipper Kagamaster, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Y. F. Xu, B. Pawlik, I. M. Deppner, J. Putschke, Jan Vanek, Rene Bellwied, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, S. Zhang, Mariusz Przybycien, R. E. Tribble, Jize Zhao, A. Ogawa, D. N. Svirida, H. Liu, Md. Nasim, R. D. Majka, J. L. Drachenberg, J. Schambach, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, A. Hamed, H. W. Ke, L. Fulek, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, I. G. Bordyuzhin, M. H. Kelsey, G. Wang, C-Q. Li, Christina Markert, O. Rusnakova, H. S. Matis, L. K. Kosarzewski, N. Herrmann, W. W. Jacobs, J. Lauret, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, Z. Tu, S. Siejka, Y. Fisyak, Lin Ma, F. G. Atetalla, O. D. Tsai, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, David Stewart, Sevil Salur, Peng Liu, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, R. Aoyama, Z. Z. Xu, B. Tu, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, D. Keane, and Siwei Luo
Subjects: Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Strangeness, Quantum number, 01 natural sciences, Hadronization, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Rapidity, Baryon number, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: The measurements of particle multiplicity distributions have generated considerable interest in understanding the fluctuations of conserved quantum numbers in the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) hadronization regime, in particular near a possible critical point and near the chemical freeze-out. Net-protons and net-kaons have been used as proxies for the net-baryon number and net-strangeness, respectively. We report the measurement of efficiency- and centrality-bin width-corrected cumulant ratios (C2/C1, C3/C2) of net-Λ distributions, in the context of both strangeness and baryon number conservation, as a function of collision energy, centrality, and rapidity. The results are for Au+Au collisions at five beam energies (sNN=19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV) recorded with the Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC (STAR). We compare our results to the Poisson and negative binomial (NBD) expectations, as well as to ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) and hadron resonance gas (HRG) model predictions. Both NBD and Poisson baselines agree with data within the statistical and systematic uncertainties. UrQMD describes the measured net-ΛC1 and C3 at 200 GeV reasonably well but deviates from C2, and the deviation increases as a function of collision energy. The ratios of the measured cumulants show no features of critical fluctuations. The chemical freeze-out temperatures extracted from a recent HRG calculation, which was successfully used to describe the net-proton, net-kaon, and net-charge data, indicate Λ freeze-out conditions similar to those of kaons. However, large deviations are found when comparing with temperatures obtained from net-proton fluctuations. The net-Λ cumulants show a weak but finite dependence on the rapidity coverage in the acceptance of the detector, which can be attributed to quantum number conservation.
Published: 2020

41. Thermal photons as a sensitive probe of $\alpha$-cluster in C+Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: Song Zhang, Li Yan, Rupa Chatterjee, Guo-Liang Ma, Yu-Gang Ma, and Pingal Dasgupta
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, Carbon-12, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Spectral line, Ion, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: Different orientations of $\alpha$-clustered carbon nuclei colliding with heavy ions can result in a large variation in the value of anisotropic flow. Thus, photon flow observables from clustered ${\rm^{12}C}$ and ${\rm^{197}Au}$ collisions could be a potential probe to study the `direct photon puzzle'. We calculate the transverse momentum spectra and anisotropic flow coefficients ($v_n$) of thermal photons from collisions of triangular $\alpha$-clustered carbon and gold at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=200$ GeV at RHIC using a hydrodynamic model framework and compare the results with those obtained from unclustered carbon and gold collisions. The slope of the thermal photon spectra is found to vary moderately for different orientations of collisions. However, we find that the elliptic ($v_2$) and triangular flow ($v_3$) coefficients of direct photons for specific configurations are significantly larger and predominantly formed by the QGP radiation. A strong anti-correlation between initial spatial ellipticity and triangularity is observed in an event-by-event framework of $\alpha$-clustered ${\rm C+Au}$ collisions. These special features provide us an opportunity to detect the exotic nature of cluster structure inside carbon nucleus using the photon probe in the future experiments., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures; final published version
Published: 2020

42. Recent developments in chiral and spin polarization effects in heavy-ion collisions

Author: Guo-Liang Ma, Qun Wang, Shi Pu, and Jian-Hua Gao
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Meson, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Lattice, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Quantum, Physics, Spin polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Time evolution, Hyperon, Fermion, Polarization (waves), Magnetic field, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Abstract: We give a brief overview of recent theoretical and experimental results on the chiral magnetic effect and spin polarization effect in heavy-ion collisions. We present updated experimental results for the chiral magnetic effect and related phenomena. The time evolution of the magnetic fields in different models is discussed. The newly developed quantum kinetic theory for massive fermions is reviewed. We present theoretical and experimental results for the polarization of $\Lambda$ hyperons and the $\rho_{00}$ value of vector mesons., Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures. A review article for Nucl. Sci. Tech; more references are added
Published: 2020

43. First Measurement of Λc Baryon Production in Au+Au Collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Author: Jongmin Lee, R. L. Ray, Jorn Henning Putschke, R. Ma, Jaroslav Bielcik, A. V. Brandin, F. Videbæk, Y. Hu, T. Ljubicic, Takafumi Niida, O. V. Rogachevskiy, F. G. Atetalla, A. Quintero, Niseem Magdy, O. D. Tsai, H. Caines, M. Zyzak, Daniel Nemes, Jie Zhao, S. Horvat, J. W. Harris, Sujit Kumar Tripathy, Zhaoping Liu, Diana Pawlowska, P. C. Weidenkaff, N. S. Lukow, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, J. K. Adkins, W. Zha, Xuan Zhang, A. Francisco, D. N. Svirida, Nasim, R. Fatemi, Chong Kim, K. Yip, J. S. Wang, B. Pawlik, Todd Kinghorn, J. B. Singh, D. Tlusty, H. Liu, Sergey Voloshin, Xiaofeng Luo, Guo-Liang Ma, E. P. Sichtermann, Li Yi, K. Krueger, R. Lacey, H. G. Ritter, Xinyue Ju, Peter Q. Liu, Vitaly Okorokov, Nilay Shah, W. Guryn, P. Seyboth, David Stewart, G. Eppley, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, Justin Ewigleben, G. Odyniec, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, Zebo Tang, I. Kisel, K. Jiang, T. G. Dedovich, Bernd Surrow, Wei Xie, N. Elsey, J. Porter, L. C. Bland, Sevil Salur, A. Jentsch, J. Fedorisin, Jan Vanek, Leszek Adamczyk, W. He, M. Kelsey, C. Zhong, J. Pluta, Z. Chang, W. B. Schmidke, M. Cherney, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, J. D. Nam, Zuojia Wang, A. Aparin, T. Ullrich, Lokesh Kumar, Hua Pei, C-Q. Li, P. Sorensen, M. S. Daugherity, Chi Yang, X. G. He, C. Perkins, Q. H. Xu, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, C. A. Gagliardi, Sedigheh Jowzaee, W. Li, V. Bairathi, Skipper Kagamaster, L. Ma, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Anju Bhasin, R. Reed, N. R. Sahoo, J. D. Brandenburg, D. G. Underwood, H. S. Xu, Z. J. Zhang, Christina Markert, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, Y. Xu, D. Kincses, Rene Bellwied, M. Sergeeva, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, Z. Chen, H. S. Matis, Z. Zhang, Madan M. Aggarwal, Y. Hong, Fuqiang Wang, D. Isenhower, A. Pandav, J. R. Adams, Susumu Sato, E. Shahaliev, S. Choudhury, K. Kauder, L. Didenko, I. Chakaberia, Z. Yang, R. E. Tribble, K. Kang, J. Cheng, Y. Lin, L. V. Nogach, E. C. Aschenauer, Siwei Luo, D. Kalinkin, Zhigang Xiao, Frank Jm Geurts, S. Margetis, A. Lebedev, T. Huang, W. Solyst, N. G. Minaev, Samuel Heppelmann, M. Nie, K. N. Barish, Z. Moravcova, W. W. Jacobs, T. J. Humanic, R. Witt, K. Nayak, J. Lauret, T. Galatyuk, X. Dong, J. H. Thomas, Y. Fisyak, D. Zhang, Yunpeng Liu, Derek Anderson, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, C. Zhou, R. Esha, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, B. J. Summa, T. Tarnowsky, Z. Tu, A. Hamed, S. Esumi, M. I. Nagy, F-H. Chang, Q. Yang, Robert Licenik, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Hiroyuki Sako, L. Fulek, P. Szymanski, Xiaoyu Liu, Yawen Wang, Tong Liu, G. Agakishiev, D. Cebra, Arghya Chatterjee, Yunlan Ji, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, S. Mioduszewski, Y. Li, B. Kimelman, R. S. Longacre, G. Wang, Zhanwen Zhu, X. Huang, A. Kechechyan, Lawrence Pinsky, S. Kabana, G. S. Averichev, E. G. Judd, D. Kapukchyan, D. Keane, A. A. Derevschikov, M. L. Kabir, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, D. Mallick, Y. H. Leung, J. Rusnak, Nikolai Smirnov, M. Csanad, Isaac Mooney, Xiangming Sun, J. Jia, Shize Yang, W. Christie, M. Kocan, P. Federic, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, T. Nonaka, N. Herrmann, Arabinda Behera, L. Ruan, S. Lan, Yinina Ma, F. Seck, I. G. Alekseev, M. A. Lisa, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, J. Engelage, M. Posik, Shengli Huang, Jana Bielcikova, G. Igo, S. Ramachandran, A. Ogawa, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, D. A. Morozov, H. M. Spinka, X.G. Li, G. Nigmatkulov, J. L. Romero, O. Eyser, Catherine Tomkiel, J. C. Webb, J. L. Drachenberg, Janet Elizabeth Seger, J. Butterworth, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Olga Evdokimov, M. Tokarev, I. Vassiliev, Z. Ye, Lukas Kramarik, J. M. Landgraf, N. Xu, P. Filip, D. Chen, Hengshan Qiu, R. Seto, E. Finch, Y. F. Xu, I. M. Deppner, I. Upsal, S. W. Wissink, D. Neff, Y. Zhang, M. Strikhanov, G. D. Westfall, J. A. Mazer, S. K. Radhakrishnan, Jay Roberts, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, B. S. Page, Maria Zurek, P. V. Shanmuganathan, Mariusz Przybycien, J. Sandweiss, Y. Yang, H. W. Ke, T. D. S. Stanislaus, Yicheng Feng, D. P. Kikola, L. K. Kosarzewski, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, M. U. Ashraf, C. Jena, Zubayer Ahammed, H. H. Wieman, B. Stringfellow, R. D. Majka, Q. Y. Shou, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, J. M. Nelson, N. K. Pruthi, R. Pak, W. J. Llope, G. Xie, J. Adam, A. Attri, C. J. Feng, P. Huo, T. Edmonds, Y. J. Sun, S. Fazio, Xuliang Chen, Maria Stefaniak, Joseph Kwasizur, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, S. S. Shi, Jing-Han Chen, Arkadiy Taranenko, Yong Wu, A. Gibson, S. Zhang, Alexander Kiselev, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, Z. J. Xu, S. Trentalange, and M. Chevalier
Subjects: Physics, Meson, Star (game theory), Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Hadronization, Baryon, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: We report on the first measurement of the charmed baryon Λ_{c}^{±} production at midrapidity (|y
Published: 2020

44. Collision system size scan of collective flows in relativistic heavy-ion collisions

Author: W. He, Shengkun Zhang, Guo-Liang Ma, Q. Y. Shou, Jing-Han Chen, C. Zhong, and Yu-Gang Ma
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Work (thermodynamics), Nuclear Theory, Distribution (number theory), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Collision system, 01 natural sciences, lcsh:QC1-999, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, Heavy ion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear theory, lcsh:Physics
Abstract: Initial geometrical distribution and fluctuation can affect the collective expansion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. This effect may be more evident in small system (such as B + B) than in large one (Pb + Pb). This work presents the collision system dependence of collective flows and discusses about effects on collective flows from initial fluctuations in a framework of a multiphase transport model. The results shed light on system scan on experimental efforts to small system physics., 7 pages, 4 figures
Published: 2020

45. Underlying event measurements in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV at RHIC

Author: F. G. Atetalla, X. Zhu, Xiangming Sun, A. H. Tang, Christina Markert, Lokesh Kumar, Lawrence Pinsky, Wen-Qing Shen, H. S. Matis, Z. Chang, H. Sako, P. C. Weidenkaff, Jaroslav Adam, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, Siwei Luo, L. K. Kosarzewski, Y. H. Leung, D. Kincses, Saskia Mioduszewski, Shusu Shi, S. Lan, Zhongbin Xu, K. Gopal, Z. Moravcova, S. Vokal, Yue Liang, F. Seck, Lanny Ray, Robert E. Tribble, Xiaolong Chen, Arabinda Behera, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, M. Posik, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, Catherine Tomkiel, Hank Crawford, D. Neff, Lukas Kramarik, Paul Sorensen, J. Lauret, N. K. Pruthi, G. Agakishiev, A. Hamed, Audrey Francisco, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, Rongrong Ma, Xiaoyu Liu, E. G. Judd, T. G. Dedovich, Nihar Sahoo, S. Horvat, D. Cebra, J. Rusnak, E. Finch, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, S. Trentalange, Joseph Kwasizur, S. Stanislaus, L. Kochenda, H. Liu, Z. Tu, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Dave Underwood, Yuanjing Ji, Zhanwen Zhu, M. Kocan, L. Ruan, C. J. Feng, G. Eppley, Joseph Adams, J. Engelage, G. Nigmatkulov, F. Videbæk, James Brandenburg, Robert Licenik, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Yi Wang, T. Nonaka, Wei Li, David Stewart, Ivan Kisel, Declan Keane, Jiangyong Jia, D. P. Kikola, Long Ma, B. Stringfellow, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, Isaac Upsal, Roy A. Lacey, T. Edmonds, J. Pluta, K. N. Barish, Wei Xie, J. D. Nam, Pengfei Wang, Alexander Kiselev, B. Schmidke, Chris Perkins, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, Skipper Kagamaster, Subhash Singha, S. Fazio, Chitrasen Jena, Sevil Salur, Yanfang Liu, Roland Laszlo Pinter, R. Fatemi, A. Aparin, Yifan Hong, Yu Zhang, J. W. Harris, Z. Ye, M. S. Daugherity, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. M. Landgraf, Rene Bellwied, P. V. Shanmuganathan, D. Chen, Dmitry Morozov, Yifei Zhang, Diana Pawlowska, J. Fedorisin, Zhiwan Xu, Isaac Mooney, Shenghui Zhang, Todd Kinghorn, Maowu Nie, Song Zhang, T. Tarnowsky, Ming Shao, B. Pawlik, Zebo Tang, I. G. Alekseev, William Jacobs, E. P. Sichtermann, E. Shahaliev, H. W. Ke, Zubayer Ahammed, N. S. Lukow, M. A. Lisa, Alexander Vasiliev, L. Fulek, M. Strikhanov, D. Mallick, L. C. Bland, Xiaofeng Luo, Guo-Liang Ma, A. Kechechyan, Norbert Schmitz, M. Cherney, Yaping Wang, Rosi Reed, D. Kalinkin, Y. Xu, Marton Imre Nagy, J. H. Thomas, S. Heppelmann, Xin Li, B. J. Summa, Yuliang Sun, P. Chaloupka, I. Vassiliev, Ting Lin, Nu Xu, Li Yi, Z. P. Zhang, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, G. Igo, Pavol Federic, A. A. Derevschikov, Feng-Han Chang, Gary Westfall, Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Shu He, A. Gibson, G. Odyniec, Jing-Han Chen, Kevin Adkins, Z. Y. Zhang, Qiye Shou, Kejun Kang, L. V. Nogach, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, J. Sandweiss, S. Kabana, Chi Yang, Jian-Song Wang, Mate Csanad, Nasim, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, Peng Liu, Wlodek Guryn, Y. Panebratsev, Nalinda Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, Qinghua Xu, Yi-Fei Xu, X. H. He, Niseem Magdy Abdelwahab Abdelrahman, Maksym Zyzak, Z. Wang, S. Ramachandran, D. N. Svirida, Janet Elizabeth Seger, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, O. D. Tsai, Cheng Li, D. Kapukchyan, R. Pak, Chensheng Zhou, Norbert Herrmann, Spiros Margetis, O. Eyser, Xinyue Ju, Zhen Liu, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, Sergei A. Voloshin, Feng Liu, Kishora Nayak, Maria Stefaniak, J. Putschke, Y. Fisyak, Zhigang Xiao, D. Tlusty, Jagbir Singh, T. Huang, J. M. Butterworth, D. Isenhower, Z. Chen, J. C. Webb, Yuanjing Li, G. S. Averichev, Derek Anderson, I. M. Deppner, H. Qiu, M. Tokarev, Yang Yang, Matthew Kelsey, T. Ullrich, Hans Georg Ritter, A. Ogawa, Anju Bhasin, Roli Esha, R. Seto, Samuel Heppelmann, P. Szymanski, N. G. Minaev, Daniel Nemes, Tong Liu, Chong Kim, Xinjie Huang, B. Kimelman, Peifeng Liu, Jie Zhao, H. H. Wieman, W. Solyst, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Juan M. Romero, H. Z. Huang, Dingwei Zhang, A. Pandav, M. Chevalier, Y. Hu, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, Shengli Huang, P. Filip, P. Seyboth, Hal Spinka, A. Lebedev, J. L. Drachenberg, M. Sergeeva, Jana Bielcikova, Olga Evdokimov, Annika Ewigleben, Manuel Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, Gang Wang, Jan Vanek, Leszek Adamczyk, Gene Van Buren, Susumu Sato, W. Zha, Nikolai Smirnov, Xiaoping Zhang, T. Ljubicic, Kun Jiang, J. Porter, Jay Roberts, Zhenyu Ye, Hao-jie Xu, Brian Page, Maria Zurek, H. Caines, A. V. Brandin, W. He, Bill Christie, K. Krueger, Jianping Cheng, A. Quintero, Subikash Choudhury, Yicheng Feng, Takafumi Niida, Vipul Bairathi, R. Witt, Irakli Chakaberia, Neha Shah, C. Zhong, E. C. Aschenauer, Arghya Chatterjee, L. Didenko, X. Dong, Jeong-Hun Lee, Miroslav Simko, Ron Longacre, Mariusz Przybycien, Shuai Yang, Jaroslav Bielcik, O. V. Rogachevskiy, Vitalii Okorokov, Yang Wu, Yufu Lin, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, Guannan Xie, R. Lednicky, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Qian Yang, Richard Daniel Majka, Y. K. Sun, Bernd Surrow, K. Yip, S. W. Wissink, ShinIchi Esumi, N. Elsey, Latiful Kabir, Yu-Gang Ma, C. A. Gagliardi, W. J. Llope, Alexander Jentsch, Madan M. Aggarwal, A. Attri, Fuqiang Wang, P. Huo, and John Nelson
Subjects: Physics, Proton, Transverse momentum, Chatterjee, Underlying event, Mathematical physics
Abstract: Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, M; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, FH; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Chen, Z; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, A; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Grosnick, D; Guryn, W; Hamad, AI; Hamed, A | Abstract: Particle production sensitive to nonfactorizable and nonperturbative processes that contribute to the underlying event associated with a high transverse momentum (pT) jet in proton+proton collisions at s=200 GeV is studied with the STAR detector. Each event is divided into three regions based on the azimuthal angle with respect to the highest-pT jet direction: In the leading jet direction ("Toward"), opposite to the leading jet ("Away"), and perpendicular to the leading jet ("Transverse"). In the Transverse region, the average charged particle density is found to be between 0.4 and 0.6 and the mean transverse momentum
Published: 2020

46. Sensitivity analysis for observables of the chiral magnetic effect using a multiphase transport model

Author: Ling Huang, Guo-Liang Ma, and M. Nie
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Charge separation, Observable, State (functional analysis), 01 natural sciences, Distribution (mathematics), Physics::Space Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Sensitivity (control systems), Magnetic effect, 010306 general physics, Nuclear theory
Abstract: Because the traditional observable of charge-dependent azimuthal correlator $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ contains contributions from both the chiral magnetic effect (CME) and its background, a new observable of ${R}_{{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi}}}_{m}}$ was recently proposed which is expected to be able to distinguish the CME from the background. In this study, we apply two methods to calculate ${R}_{{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi}}}_{m}}$ using a multiphase transport model without or with introduction of a percentage of CME-induced charge separation. Our results show that the shape of final ${R}_{{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi}}}_{2}}$ distribution is flat for the case without the CME, but concave for that with an amount of the CME because the initial CME signal survives from strong final state interactions. By comparing the responses of ${R}_{{\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Psi}}}_{2}}$ and $\ensuremath{\gamma}$ to the strength of the initial CME signal, we observe that both observables show nonlinear sensitivities to the CME because of the existence of strong final state interactions.
Published: 2020

47. Bulk properties of the system formed in Au+Au collisions at sNN=14.5 GeV at the BNL STAR detector

Author: A. V. Brandin, A. Gibson, C. Zhong, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, N. Xu, P. Filip, Z. Chang, Zubayer Ahammed, Y. Fisyak, Vipul Bairathi, G. D. Westfall, J. M. Butterworth, S. Lan, F. Seck, Lin Ma, J. C. Webb, Qi Yang, Zuojia Wang, Irakli Chakaberia, M. Posik, Y. Hong, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, Zhenyu Chen, M. Sergeeva, Q. Y. Shou, Xiaoyu Liu, A. Pandav, Guannan Xie, Arabinda Behera, H. M. Spinka, H. Sako, Jana Bielcikova, Xuan Zhang, J. L. Romero, Lukas Kramarik, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, E. Finch, Sergey Voloshin, Q. H. Xu, Xinyue Ju, Susumu Sato, Hao Qiu, R. Pak, M. I. Nagy, Y. F. Wu, W. Solyst, Chong Kim, Somnath Choudhury, M. Tokarev, J. Rusnak, M. Kocan, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, Alexander Kiselev, D. Kapukchyan, K. Jiang, Y. Wang, Mate Csanad, L. Ruan, E. G. Judd, J. Porter, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, Mariusz Przybycien, B. S. Page, Avishek Chatterjee, Ivan Kisel, P. Seyboth, H. G. Ritter, P. Szymanski, D. P. Kikola, J. R. Adams, Wei Xie, L. S. Pinsky, K. Yip, J. D. Nam, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, B. Stringfellow, A. Aparin, R. Witt, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, Z. J. Zhang, T. D. S. Stanislaus, E. Hoffman, H. H. Wieman, Jaroslav Bielcik, S. He, R. Reed, J. S. Wang, Jan Vanek, N. Schmitz, E. Shahaliev, L. V. Nogach, Md. Nasim, Rafal Sikora, Maria Stefaniak, N. Magdy, R. D. Majka, S. Mioduszewski, Yunlan Ji, R. S. Longacre, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, G. Agakishiev, D. Tlusty, J. L. Drachenberg, Siwei Luo, Y. Hu, O. V. Rogachevskiy, Y. Li, Alexandre Alarcon Do Passo Suaide, I. Vassiliev, F. Videbæk, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, J. H. Thomas, P. Federic, W. J. Llope, C. Zhou, P. Chaloupka, Ting Lin, Alexander Jentsch, Peng Huo, M. L. Kabir, S. Trentalange, D. Cebra, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, W. Christie, F-H. Chang, Shengli Huang, Olga Evdokimov, Madan M. Aggarwal, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, X.G. Li, Fuqiang Wang, D. K. Mishra, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, Yunpeng Liu, Derek Anderson, Z. Ye, G. Wang, G. Igo, N. G. Minaev, Maowu Nie, X. Huang, A. Kechechyan, Zhanwen Zhu, T. Nonaka, W. Guryn, A. Attri, X. M. Sun, R. Lacey, B. Kimelman, X. C. Chen, G. S. Averichev, B. Pawlik, Z. Liu, Janet Elizabeth Seger, J. B. Singh, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, P. Sorensen, Robert Licenik, F. G. Atetalla, O. D. Tsai, D. Kalinkin, S. Heppelmann, B. J. Summa, Jay Roberts, Jiangyong Jia, Maria Zurek, Joseph Kwasizur, D. Zhang, I. M. Deppner, Anthony Robert Timmins, Anju Bhasin, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, P. C. Weidenkaff, I. G. Alekseev, Y. F. Xu, S. Esumi, K. Krueger, Zebo Tang, Isaac Mooney, K. Kang, T. Niida, M. S. Daugherity, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, Y. Yang, Vitaly Okorokov, M. A. Lisa, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, T. G. Dedovich, S. Zhang, A. Lebedev, L. Adamczyk, Roland Laszlo Pinter, Yicheng Feng, H. J. Crawford, J. Fedorisin, B. K. Chan, J. Engelage, Michal Sumbera, J. K. Adkins, G. Nigmatkulov, Bernd Surrow, Z. Moravcova, H. W. Ke, L. Fulek, N. Elsey, S. S. Shi, Y. J. Sun, Catherine Tomkiel, Nilay Shah, R. Fatemi, Todd Kinghorn, N. Herrmann, W. B. Schmidke, C. A. Gagliardi, S. Ramachandran, N. K. Pruthi, S. Kabana, G. Eppley, Chitrasen Jena, O. Eyser, J. M. Landgraf, J. M. Nelson, C. Perkins, H. Liu, S. W. Wissink, J. Pluta, M. Zyzak, D. Neff, Y. Zhang, I. Upsal, D. Chen, D. G. Underwood, M. Strikhanov, D. N. Svirida, Y. G. Ma, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, W. Li, Skipper Kagamaster, David Stewart, Benjamin Schweid, Rene Bellwied, T. J. Humanic, A. Hamed, R. E. Tribble, M. Cherney, H. Z. Huang, Diana Pawlowska, S. Vokal, C. Yang, Sevil Salur, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Hua Pei, Y. Lin, S. K. Tripathy, Audrey Francisco, J. Cheng, Shangfeng Yang, J. H. Chen, C. J. Feng, Rajarshi Ray, Roli Esha, D. A. Morozov, T. Edmonds, Daniel Nemes, Jie Zhao, S. Horvat, D. Keane, W. Zha, Peng Liu, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, D. Kincses, D. Isenhower, Z. Z. Xu, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, Guo-Liang Ma, Li Yi, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, C-Q. Li, Christina Markert, H. S. Matis, L. K. Kosarzewski, W. W. Jacobs, J. Lauret, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, Z. Tu, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, I. G. Bordyuzhin, M. H. Kelsey, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, Dukhishyam Mallick, J. Putschke, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, J. W. Harris, A. Ogawa, N. S. Lukow, X. G. Luo, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, Lokesh Kumar, Jaroslav Adam, Y. H. Leung, L. C. Bland, W. He, J. D. Brandenburg, L. Didenko, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Seto, K. N. Barish, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Margetis, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Tarnowsky, X. Dong, M. Chevalier, Jongmin Lee, R. Ma, A. A. Derevschikov, T. Ljubicic, X. H. He, H. Caines, A. Quintero, E. P. Sichtermann, T. Ullrich, H. S. Xu, and Justin Ewigleben
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Beam energy, STAR detector
Abstract: We report systematic measurements of bulk properties of the system created in Au+Au collisions at sNN=14.5 GeV recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The transverse momentum spectra of π±, K±, and p(p¯) are studied at midrapidity (|y
Published: 2020

48. Extracting jet transport parameter $$\hat{q}$$ from a multiphase transport model

Author: Guo-Liang Ma, Feng-Chu Zhou, and Yu-Gang Ma
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Path length, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Jet quenching, media_common, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Jet (fluid), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Within a multi-phase transport model with string melting scenario, jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ is calculated in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN} } $= 200 GeV and Pb+Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN} } $= 2.76 TeV. The $\hat{q}$ increases with the increasing of jet energy for both partonic phase and hadronic phase. The energy and path length dependences of $\hat{q}$ in full heavy-ion evolution are consistent with the expectations of jet quenching. The correlation between jet transport parameter $\hat{q}$ and dijet transverse momentum asymmetry $A_{J}$ is mainly investigated, which discloses that a larger $\hat{q}$ corresponds to a larger $A_{J}$. It supports a consistent jet energy loss picture from the two viewpoints of single jet and dijet. It is proposed to measure dijet asymmetry distributions with different jet transport parameter ranges as a new potential method to study jet quenching physics in high energy heavy-ion collisions., 7 pages, 7 figures
Published: 2020

49. Beam-energy dependence of identified two-particle angular correlations in sNN=7.7–200 GeV Au+Au collisions

Author: Mate Csanad, J. B. Singh, Chitrasen Jena, Joel Anthony Mazer, Z. Yang, D. Tlusty, M. Lomnitz, Diana Pawlowska, Roli Esha, Yunlan Ji, T. G. Dedovich, Daniel Nemes, J. W. Harris, S. Horvat, N. S. Lukow, Niladribihari Sahoo, Tong Liu, B. Huang, Guo-Liang Ma, X. C. Chen, D. Kincses, X. G. Luo, B. K. Chan, Michal Sumbera, A. A. P. Suaide, Catherine Tomkiel, Jaroslav Bielcik, Z. Moravcova, Li Yi, P. Kravtsov, Fuwang Shen, B. Pawlik, A. H. Tang, Pengdong Wang, N. K. Pruthi, Y. Hu, W. Zha, P. Seyboth, I. G. Alekseev, M. A. Lisa, J. C. Mei, A. V. Brandin, O. Matonoha, O. V. Rogachevskiy, Robert Licenik, Anthony Robert Timmins, Adam Ryszard Kisiel, Qi Yang, Zuojia Wang, Q. H. Xu, C. Yang, E. P. Sichtermann, Muhammad Usman Ashraf, W. J. Llope, G. Eppley, S. Zhang, Roland Laszlo Pinter, H. J. Crawford, S. W. Wissink, D. Neff, Y. Zhang, Vipul Bairathi, Sergey Voloshin, Xinyue Ju, M. Calderon De La Barca Sanchez, A. I. Hamad, Sedigheh Jowzaee, J. Putschke, Xiaofeng Zhu, Ying Liang, N. Kulathunga Mudiyanselage, J. Engelage, D. G. Underwood, Jan Vanek, Irakli Chakaberia, J. Pluta, M. Zyzak, C. Zhou, J. K. Adkins, N. Magdy, Zebo Tang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, K. Jiang, W. Li, Skipper Kagamaster, Y. Wang, I. Vassiliev, A. Ogawa, G. Nigmatkulov, Rene Bellwied, W. Christie, R. Fatemi, J. R. Adams, Todd Kinghorn, Alexander Kiselev, D. Keane, Alexander Jentsch, Lukas Holub, Bedangadas Mohanty, Vitaly Okorokov, Z. Chang, C-Q. Li, J. Cheng, Dukhishyam Mallick, Y. F. Xu, J. M. Landgraf, Christina Markert, R. E. Tribble, O. Rusnakova, Jize Zhao, Subhash Singha, Andrey Vasiliev, Y. Li, I. Upsal, J. Rusnak, Z. Liu, Bernd Surrow, A. Attri, L. V. Nogach, T. Ullrich, Y. Lin, H. S. Matis, Peng Huo, D. Chen, L. K. Kosarzewski, C. Perkins, X.G. Li, N. Elsey, R. S. Longacre, W. W. Jacobs, G. Agakishiev, M. Strikhanov, W. Guryn, M. Cherney, Janet Elizabeth Seger, S. Lan, R. Lacey, F. Seck, J. Lauret, M. Kocan, I. M. Deppner, P. Federic, L. Ruan, Guannan Xie, P. Chaloupka, L. S. Pinsky, K. Yip, Lokesh Kumar, Ting Lin, Xuan Zhang, Anju Bhasin, F. G. Atetalla, M. L. Kabir, O. D. Tsai, Xiaoyu Liu, Z. Ye, Yevheniia Khyzhniak, R. Lednicky, L. Kochenda, Siwei Luo, D. Cebra, Hua Pei, S. K. Tripathy, H. S. Xu, A. J. Bassill, M. Posik, Z. Tu, J. Fedorisin, J. S. Wang, Jaroslav Adam, W. B. Schmidke, P. C. Weidenkaff, S. Trentalange, K. Kang, T. Niida, Hanna Paulina Zbroszczyk, C. A. Gagliardi, G. Igo, Maowu Nie, X. Huang, M. M. Mondal, Zhanwen Zhu, Y. H. Leung, M. Chevalier, A. Lebedev, L. Adamczyk, G. Odyniec, J. Sandweiss, Arabinda Behera, H. M. Spinka, Y. J. Sun, Jongmin Lee, Y. Hong, L. C. Bland, S. Fazio, Zongye Zhang, A. Kechechyan, W. Q. Shen, K. Gopal, Frank Jm Geurts, T. Galatyuk, E. G. Judd, H. Liu, K. Kauder, A. Taranenko, Madan M. Aggarwal, Fuqiang Wang, T. Nonaka, I. G. Bordyuzhin, Maria Stefaniak, Justin Ewigleben, A. Gibson, C. Zhong, M. H. Kelsey, S. Kabana, Somnath Choudhury, A. Pandav, R. Ma, K. Meehan, R. Reed, Jiangyong Jia, David Stewart, Sevil Salur, M. Sergeeva, J. Porter, D. N. Svirida, Peng Liu, Benjamin Schweid, T. J. Humanic, A. Hamed, T. Ljubicic, J. M. Butterworth, Isaac Mooney, J. C. Webb, Ivan Kisel, M. Tokarev, Y. Panebratsev, Saehanseul Oh, D. Grosnick, F. Liu, Miroslav Simko, Mariusz Przybycien, Y. Fisyak, D. Zhang, Susumu Sato, Z. J. Zhang, B. S. Page, Avishek Chatterjee, X. H. He, D. Isenhower, X. M. Sun, Z. Z. Xu, P. Sorensen, Hao Qiu, Joseph Kwasizur, D. P. Kikola, W. Solyst, S. Esumi, Nikita Smirnov, K. Nayak, B. Stringfellow, Md. Nasim, R. D. Majka, P. Szymanski, T. D. S. Stanislaus, Y. Yang, Lin Ma, J. L. Drachenberg, M. Shao, G. Van Buren, H. H. Wieman, Nilay Shah, H. Caines, A. Quintero, S. S. Shi, J. H. Thomas, Zhigang Xiao, T. Huang, F-H. Chang, J. M. Nelson, M. S. Daugherity, G. S. Averichev, Y. G. Ma, Yunpeng Liu, H. W. Ke, N. G. Minaev, L. Fulek, Chong Kim, N. Xu, Donald M. Anderson, H. G. Ritter, G. Wang, E. Hoffman, Rafal Sikora, P. Filip, G. D. Westfall, S. Das, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Margetis, X. Dong, N. Herrmann, Olga Evdokimov, Jay Roberts, Maria Zurek, K. Krueger, K. N. Barish, Yicheng Feng, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Tarnowsky, D. Kalinkin, A. A. Derevschikov, S. Heppelmann, B. J. Summa, J. C. Dunlop, L. Wen, Zubayer Ahammed, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, S. Ramachandran, O. Eyser, Q. Y. Shou, R. Seto, R. Pak, H. Z. Huang, S. Vokal, Audrey Francisco, R. Witt, W. He, J. D. Brandenburg, S. Mioduszewski, Shangfeng Yang, J. H. Chen, C. J. Feng, Rajarshi Ray, L. Didenko, D. A. Morozov, T. Edmonds, Prithwish Tribedy, B. K. Srivastava, Shengli Huang, H. Sako, Jana Bielcikova, J. L. Romero, Lukas Kramarik, Sooraj Krishnan Radhakrishnan, E. Finch, M. I. Nagy, Y. F. Wu, D. Kapukchyan, Wei Xie, J. D. Nam, A. Aparin, N. Schmitz, E. Shahaliev, and F. Videbæk
Subjects: Physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Chatterjee, Collision system, Transport theory, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Pion, Angular correlation, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Beam energy
Abstract: Author(s): Adam, J; Adamczyk, L; Adams, JR; Adkins, JK; Agakishiev, G; Aggarwal, MM; Ahammed, Z; Alekseev, I; Anderson, DM; Aparin, A; Aschenauer, EC; Ashraf, MU; Atetalla, FG; Attri, A; Averichev, GS; Bairathi, V; Barish, K; Bassill, AJ; Behera, A; Bellwied, R; Bhasin, A; Bielcik, J; Bielcikova, J; Bland, LC; Bordyuzhin, IG; Brandenburg, JD; Brandin, AV; Butterworth, J; Caines, H; Sanchez, M Calderon de la Barca; Cebra, D; Chakaberia, I; Chaloupka, P; Chan, BK; Chang, F-H; Chang, Z; Chankova-Bunzarova, N; Chatterjee, A; Chen, D; Chen, JH; Chen, X; Cheng, J; Cherney, M; Chevalier, M; Choudhury, S; Christie, W; Crawford, HJ; Csanad, M; Das, S; Daugherity, M; Dedovich, TG; Deppner, IM; Derevschikov, AA; Didenko, L; Dong, X; Drachenberg, JL; Dunlop, JC; Edmonds, T; Elsey, N; Engelage, J; Eppley, G; Esha, R; Esumi, S; Evdokimov, O; Ewigleben, J; Eyser, O; Fatemi, R; Fazio, S; Federic, P; Fedorisin, J; Feng, CJ; Feng, Y; Filip, P; Finch, E; Fisyak, Y; Francisco, A; Fulek, L; Gagliardi, CA; Galatyuk, T; Geurts, F; Gibson, A; Gopal, K; Grosnick, D; Guryn, W; Hamad, AI | Abstract: The two-particle angular correlation functions, $R_2$, of pions, kaons, and protons in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 62.4, and 200 GeV were measured by the STAR experiment at RHIC. These correlations were measured for both like-sign and unlike-sign charge combinations and versus the centrality. The correlations of pions and kaons show the expected near-side ({\it i.e.}, at small relative angles) peak resulting from short-range mechanisms. The amplitudes of these short-range correlations decrease with increasing beam energy. However, the proton correlation functions exhibit strong anticorrelations in the near-side region. This behavior is observed for the first time in an A+A collision system. The observed anticorrelation is $p_{T}$-independent and decreases with increasing beam energy and centrality. The experimental results are also compared to the Monte Carlo models UrQMD, Hijing, and AMPT.
Published: 2020

50. Validation and improvement of the ZPC parton cascade inside a box

Author: Guo-Liang Ma, Xin-Li Zhao, Yu-Gang Ma, and Zi-Wei Lin
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear Theory, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Time evolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, Collision, 01 natural sciences, Boltzmann equation, Momentum, Causality (physics), Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Cascade, 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, 010306 general physics, business, Nuclear Experiment, Subdivision
Abstract: Cascade solutions of the Boltzmann equation suffer from causality violation at large densities and/or scattering cross sections. Although the particle subdivision technique can reduce the causality violation, it alters event-by-event correlations and fluctuations and is also computationally expensive. Here we evaluate and then improve the accuracy of the ZPC parton cascade for elastic scatterings inside a box without using parton subdivision. We first test different collision schemes for the collision times and ordering time and find that the default collision scheme does not accurately describe the equilibrium momentum distribution at large opacities. We then find a specific collision scheme that can describe very accurately the equilibrium momentum distribution as well as the time evolution towards equilibrium, even at large opacities. We also calculate the shear viscosity and the $\eta/s$ ratio of the parton systems and confirm that the new collision scheme is more accurate. In addition, we use a novel parton subdivision method to obtain the "exact" evolution of the system. This subdivision method is valid for such box calculations and is so much more efficient than the standard subdivision method that we use a subdivision factor of $10^6$ in this study., Comment: 13 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables; added calculations of shear viscosity and eta/s ratio of the parton systems under study
Published: 2020
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