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The present study was conducted in the twenty-eight number of bitches aged between 2 to 6 years presented to SAC-OP-OG unit of Madras Veterinary College Teaching Hospital with a history of inappetence, lethargy, polyuria, polydipsia and distended abdomen which was further confirmed as pyometra by radiography and ultrasound examination. Further, the bitches were divided equally into group I and II. Group I (n=14) was treated with Tab. Mifepristone @ 2.5 mg/kg b.wt. per OS, Tab. Cabergoline @ 5 µg/kg b.wt. per OS and Tab. Misoprostol @ 100 µg per vaginum for 7 to 14 days. Group II (n=14) bitches directly underwent ovariohysterectomy. The assessment of uterine distention was performed by follow-up ultrasonography on day 7, 14, 21 and 28. The blood samples were collected on day 0 (before administering treatment) and on day 7, 14 and 21 in both groups for haemato-biochemical examination. In Group I, 78.57% and 63.63% of cases responded and conceived, respectively, in next cycle, while 9.09% cases had recurrence of pyometra. The altered haemato-biochemical indices in Group I and II were reversed between 14 to 21 and 7 to 10 days, respectively. The study concluded that the physiological and haemato-biochemical reversal is delayed in Group I with ovariohysterectomy, but mifepristone and cabergoline used in Group I prove to be safe and efficient therapeutic protocol for management of closed pyometra and restoring the breeding ability in young bitches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PurposeMethodsResultsConclusionTo assess the utility of pig head model as an oculoplastic surgical training tool.Fresh pig head was availed for surgical workshop for entropion correction, eyelid margin repair, and evisceration with implant for oculoplastic surgery-naïve participants. Skill improvement, surgical understanding, and performance of the participants were evaluated both subjectively and objectively by trained oculoplastic surgeons. Subjective assessment was done by a standardized questionnaire based on Likert scale shared with the participants post training. Objective evaluation was done by the faculty based on a three-point scale and a competency-based surgical assessment rubric.There were 18 surgery-naïve participants in the workshop which comprised ophthalmology residents and comprehensive ophthalmologists. About 88.88% of the participants were able to perform the lid margin and sub-tarsal dissection in entropion surgery. While performing lid tear repair, 94.44% were correctly able to identify the grey line and anterior and posterior lamellae. About 83.33% of the participants were able to place an implant in the scleral shell or intraconal space. About 83.33% of the participants noted that texture and tissue maneuvering were similar to the human eye while performing surgical steps. About 94.44% of the participants reported better understanding, development of skill and additional confidence after training. The median score on objective assessment was 3. The performance on real patients resulted in a median score of 4 for entropion correction.Porcine orbital dissection is an available, affordable, and useful tool for oculoplastic surgical training. Training on porcine model can improve anatomical understanding, clinical judgement, and surgical efficiency in trainees. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fused filament fabrication (FFF) is a process where thermoplastic materials are heated to its melting point and then extruded, layer by layer, to create a three dimensional printed part. Printing occurs in a layered manner, which leads to creation of voids (air gaps) in the 3D printed parts. These voids act as centers for crack initiation, propagation and therefore resulting bulk mechanical properties are lower. This paper focuses on microstructural characterization and analysis of fused filament fabricated tensile test coupons made from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer, at various design conditions. Comparable tensile modulus with injection molded specimens was obtained for FFF design condition that is, slice height (0.1778 mm), raster width (0.4064 mm), raster to raster air gap (-0.0015 mm), contour to raster air gap (-0.0508 mm) and raster angle (0[degrees]). Scanning electron microscope studies provided an understanding as to why FFF processed specimens yielded lower failure strain and an insight into the presence of intralayer voids in specimens having lower tensile modulus. The study confirmed that though bulk mechanicals were affected by the combined effect of inter, intra and interfacial voids, intravoids had a predominant influence. KEYWORDS 3D printing, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, additive manufacturing, air gaps, fused filament fabrication, injection molding, SEM, tensile, voids, 1 | INTRODUCTION Technologies to process and form plastic parts have changed and evolved over time. Even though conventional injection and compression molding are widespread processing techniques, the trend in [...]

This article discusses a case report of successful surgical management of uterine torsion in a dog. The dog experienced symptoms of anorexia and was diagnosed with a twisted uterine horn. Emergency cesarean section was performed, resulting in the delivery of live fetuses. The article emphasizes the use of pulse wave Doppler ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for uterine torsion in dogs. Additionally, the document provides contact information for Raja Kishore, an Organizing Secretary and Associate Professor at the Department of Animal Nutrition in the College of Veterinary Science in Proddatur, Andhra Pradesh, India. It also mentions the Indian Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Biotechnology, specifically Volume 20 Issue 5 from September-October 2024, which may be of interest to readers. [Extracted from the article]