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Background: The picture of primary prevention obtained from real-life practice makes possible scheduling measures for prevention improvement., Aim: To analyze features of drug and non-drug therapy aimed at decreasing cardiovascular risk in Russian patients with a high risk (HR) of CVD compared with the study general population., Materials and Methods: 14 European countries, including the Russian Federation, participated in this cross-sectional study. The study included patients aged 18-80 without clinical signs of atherosclerosis who have received antihypertensive and/or lipid-lowering therapy and/or therapy for diabetes mellitus (DM) within >6 to.

The results of the Russian part of the EUROASPIRE IV study show that we have a large room for improvement of traditional risk factors management in CAD patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndromes, PCI or CABG (at average in 1.7 years of follow-up after index events). It is also true for other European countries, although certain differences exist between Russian and whole study population. In some respects, the results of secondary prevention in Russian patients were even more successful: e.g. effective blood pressure control was achieved in 73.4% of our patients taking antihypertensive drugs vs 53.5% in whole study population. In contrast, smoking was more prevalent among Russian patients (22.2% vs 15.0% in other countries). Obviously, it was related to lower frequency of smoking cessation support offered to our patients: only 1.1% were referred to a smoking cessation program, 3.2% were prescribed nicotine replacement therapy, none were prescribed varenicline (vs 18.6, 22.9, 6.2%, respectively, in whole study population). The Russian cohort had the highest rate of overweight and obesity compared to other European countries (93.1 vs 82.1% in whole study population). 74.9% our patients received lipid lowering drugs (vs 86.6% in Europe), although the LDL-C goal was achieved only in 15.9% of our patients taking lipid lowering drugs (vs 21.1% in whole study population).

Ninety-seven children with neurogenic bladder and myelodysplasia were subjected to complex examination. The somatic innervation of the sphincter urethrae externus and sphincter ani muscles was appraised by the method of sacral guided reactions by a CT-01 electromyograph and by an original method consisting in registration of the reflex response of the named anatomical structures according to the fluctuations of the intraurethral and intraanal pressure. It was established that maintained, partly disturbed, and absolutely absent somatic innervation of the sphincters of the bladder and rectum is encountered in patients with myelodysplasia. The more the innervation of the sphincters disturbed is, the more the urinary bladder is excluded from the "accumulation-evacuation" urodynamic cycle and the lesser the probability of disorders of urodynamics of the upper urinary tract is, and vice versa. The obtained information is important in choosing the therapeutic tactics for patients with a neurogenic bladder.

The authors conducted a neurologic, electromyographic and electroneuromyographic investigation in 64 preschool children in a children's home. Subtle static-motor deficit was detected in 79.7% of the children. Major clinico-electroneuromyographic differences were found in 5- vs 6-year old children that were regarded as a functional shift reflecting both the new practical skills formation and a temporary imbalance in motor functional mechanisms at all integration levels.