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Forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) has been grown in diverse climate variations, in warm and dry regions, or in regions with short drought periods. Thus, there is a need to select sorghum genotypes adapted to production systems under drought or rainy irregularities. This study evaluated the direct and indirect correlations among morphophysiological and productive characters of forage sorghum genotypes with Pearson’s correlation and path analysis. The experiment was designed under complete randomized blocks, with 25 treatments (genotypes) and three replicates. Analyzes of phenotypic correlation and the path analysis were done for plant height, panicle length, stem diameter, plant stand, green matter and dry matter yields, stem weight, plant weight, panicle weight, dry matter content, and forage mass. Plant weight presented the most significant direct effect on the forage mass (target variable), contributing to the increase in forage sorghum production. Therefore, heavier plants are more suitable to select forage sorghum genotypes indirectly, aiming to increase forage mass.

The lack of records about snap bean cultivars is one of the obstacles that has led to a yield gap and low prominence of the crop. This work aimed at indicating snap bean lines obtained by the Breeding Program of the Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF) to assess their performance and to apply for a certificate of plant variety protection. The study was managed using a randomized block design with three replicates in a greenhouse at the Research Support Unit of the UENF. Nine candidate lines were compared to the commercial cultivar “Topseed Blue Line” in accordance with 56 descriptors set by the National Plant Variety Rights. All lines presented themselves as homogeneous. The L31 line provided a total of 30 different descriptors of the commercial cultivar. For the quantitative data added to the Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability, (DUS) tests, the analysis of variance was performed and the GT biplot generated by the R software. Variability was noticed among the genotypes for all assessed traits, excepting days until germination and seed thickness. The lines that showed the best mean performance were L6, L7, L10, L11, and L13. Among those, the L6 and L11 lines provided higher stability. RESUMO A falta de registros sobre as cultivares de feijão-vagem é um dos obstáculos que levaram à lacuna na produtividade e baixo destaque da cultura. Este trabalho teve como objetivo indicar as linhagens de feijão-vagem obtidas pelo Programa de Melhoramento da Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF) para avaliar seu desempenho quanto ao certificado de proteção de cultivares. O estudo foi conduzido usando delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições em casa de vegetação da Unidade de Apoio à Pesquisa da UENF. Nove linhas candidatas foram comparadas com a cultivar comercial “Topseed Blue Line”, de acordo com 56 descritores estabelecidos pelos National Plant Variety Rights. Todas as linhas se apresentaram homogêneas. A linha L31 forneceu um total de 30 descritores diferentes da cultivar comercial. Para os dados quantitativos adicionados aos testes Distinguibilidade, Homogeneidade e Estabilidade (DHE), foi realizada a análise de variância e o biplot GT gerado pelo software R. Foi observada variabilidade entre os genótipos para todas as características avaliadas, exceto dias até germinação e espessura das sementes. As linhagens que apresentaram melhor desempenho médio foram L6, L7, L10, L11 e L13. Entre essas, as linhas L6 e L11 proporcionaram maior estabilidade.

The elephant grass has proved to be a great option for biomass production because it causes less damage to the environment, yet there is not a lot of information about its use as a renewable energy source. The objective of this study was to use multivariate analysis to check elephant grass genotypes for biomass production. Between 2016 and 2018, comprising four semiannual cutting, 12 entries were evaluated, and the Active Germplasm Bank of Elephant grass of North Fluminense State University Darcy Ribeiro presented better performances for dry matter yield. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications. ANOVA and biplot graphs were drawn for variables plant height, number of tillers, stem diameter, leaf blade length, leaf blade width, dry weight and percentage of dry matter. The variance analysis showed the existence of genetic variability between elephant grass genotypes and two first principal components, a biplot analysis of the genotype and the characteristics explained 70.07% of the total variation. The dry weight per linear meter and yield per hectare were the variables with greater discriminatory powers, thus being suitable for selecting elephant grass genotypes. The dry matter yield was positively correlated with dry weight and stem diameter. Genotypes 7, 11 and 12 presented the highest overall mean and were also the most stable.

O sorgo (Sorghum L. moench) é uma poaceae com características morfofisiológicas que conferem adaptaçãoàs condições de deficiência hídrica, o que a torna uma alternativa promissora para o Alto Sertão Sergipano.Uma maneira de selecionar materiais promissores de sorgo no melhoramento é analisar as correlações entreas variáveis morfológicas. Assim, objetivou-se utilizar a análise de trilha para seleção indireta de sorgoforrageiro com base nas características morfológicas na região do Alto Sertão Sergipano. O experimento foiconduzido na fazenda experimental da Embrapa Semiárido, em Nossa Senhora da Glória (SE), comdelineamento experimental em blocos casualizados e três repetições. Foram utilizados 16 tratamentos, sendo quatro testemunhas comerciais e 12 híbridos experimentais, total de 48 parcelas. As variáveis estudadas foram altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo, comprimento da panícula, estande final, peso do colmo, peso da folha, peso da panícula, peso da planta, matéria fresca, matéria seca, porcentagem de matéria seca e massa de forragem. Houve variabilidade entre os genótipos, e correlações fenotípicas fortes e positivas do peso da planta com peso do colmo, diâmetro do colmo e massa de forragem de 0,99, 0,92 e 0,78, respectivamente. A análise de trilha mostrou que o peso da planta apresentou maior correlação positiva (0,798) e alto efeito direto sobre a massa de forragem (0,949). Assim, recomenda-se a seleção indireta de sorgo com base na característica fenotípica maior massa de forragem, por meio do maior peso de planta.

The bean pod culture requires fertilizer application to improve its yield; therefore, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the performance of bean pod lineage inoculated with Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5. Between 2016 and 2017, six snap bean lineages provided by Darcy Ribeiro North Fluminense State University were evaluated in greenhouse based on a completely randomized block design, in 6 × 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four repetitions. Analysis of variance and lineage selection were performed. based on results recorded for variables ‘flowering’, ‘pod production date’, ‘pod length’, ‘pod width’, ‘pod total’, ‘pod yield’, ‘grain yield’ and ‘100-grain weight, the best performances were achieved when the GT biplot method was applied. The analysis of variance showed different performances depending on the lineage, bacterium and fertilizer, as well as on lineages x bacterium, lineages x fertilizer, and bacterium x fertilizer interactions. Biplot graphs depicted efficient lineage selection, since it showed 75.92% of the total variation observed in the first two main components. The best performance recorded for all biplot groups concerned the inoculation with G. diazotrophicus PAL5, without fertilizer application. Lineage UENF 7-6-1 was the ideal performances depending on the lineage when it was inoculated with this bacterium, although G. diazotrophicus PAL5 lost its efficiency after NPK (fertilizer) application.

RESUMO O milho é bastante cultivado na região semiárida brasileira e contém alto valor energético na dieta animal. Sabendo disto, objetivou-se caracterizar diferentes classes genéticas de milho quanto ao seu potencial forrageiro nas condições semiáridas de Sergipe. Para isso, foram avaliados 36 genótipos em blocos incompletos em Látice quadrado reticulado 6x6, com duas repetições, na fazenda experimental da Embrapa – Semiárido, em Graccho Cardoso-SE. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura da planta, diâmetro do colmo, peso de planta, massa fresca, massa seca, porcentagem de massa seca e massa de forragem. Com os dados obtidos foi realizada análise de variância com auxílio do software SAS 9,4 e, para a geração dos componentes principais (CP) e gráficos, foi utilizado o software R com o pacote “GGEBiplotGUI”. Todas as variáveis apresentaram diferenças significativas entre classes genéticas. Os dois primeiros componentes principais contemplaram 83,9% da variação total. O autovalor do primeiro CP (CP1) foi de 4,11, considerado muito significativo, já que a soma de todos os autovalores foi de 6,99. A porcentagem de massa seca, diâmetro do colmo, peso de planta, massa fresca, seca e de forragem obtiveram maior capacidade de discriminar as classes genotípicas. Os híbridos intervarietais ficaram mais próximos do genótipo “ideal”. A maior correlação positiva foi entre massa de forragem e massa seca. Os híbridos simples e triplos destacaram-se individualmente na altura da planta e porcentagem de massa. A massa seca e de forragem obtiveram maiores médias em todas as classes, exceto nos híbridos simples. As variedades foram as menos estáveis nas avaliações. Os híbridos intervarietais apresentaram maior potencial forrageiro e os duplos, topcross e variedades maior variabilidade genética, as demais classes não são indicadas para agricultores de baixa e média tecnologia quando cultivados em região semiárida para forragem de milho.

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:28:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-01-01 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) One of the most important quality traits in popcorn breeding programs is the popping expansion (PE) capacity of the kernel, which is the ratio of the volume of the popcorn to the weight of the kernel. In this study, we evaluated whether near infrared spectroscopy (NIR spectroscopy) could be used as a tool in popcorn breeding programs to routinely predict and/or discriminate popcorn genotypes on the basis of their PE. Three generations (F1, F2, and F2:3) were developed in three planting seasons by manual cross-pollination and self-pollination. A total of 376 ears from the F2:3 generation were selected, shelled, and subjected to phenotypic analysis. Genetic variability was observed in the F2 and F2:3 generations, and their average PE value was 31.5 ± 6.7 mL g−1. PE prediction models using partial least square (PLS) regression were developed, and the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 6.08 mL g−1, while the coefficient of determination (RC 2) was 0.26. The model developed by principal component analysis with quadratic discriminant analysis (PCA-QDA) was the best for discriminating the kernels with low PE (≤30 mL g−1) from those with high PE (>30 mL g−1) with an accuracy of 78%, sensitivity of 81.2%, and specificity of 72.2%. Although NIR spectroscopy appears to be a promising non-destructive method for assessing the PE of intact popcorn kernels for narrow breeding populations, greater variability and larger sample sizes would help improve the robustness of the predictive and classificatory models. Universidade Federal de Sergipe (UFS) Núcleo de Graduação de Agronomia Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto, Km 3, Silos, CEP: 49.680-000, Nossa Senhora da Glória Texas A&M University Department of Soil and Crop Science, 2474 TAMU MS, College Station Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) Escola de Agronomia (EA) Setor de Horticultura Rodovia Goiânia Nova Veneza, Km 0, Campus Samambaia, Caixa Postal 131 Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN) Instituto de Química Química Biológica e Quimiometria, Avenida Senador Salgado Filho, N° 3000, Bairro de Lagoa Nova University of Central Lancashire School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/n, Jaboticabal Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias (FCAV), Campus de Jaboticabal, Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane S/n, Jaboticabal CAPES: 001

Knowing the cause and effect among two or more traits can help to increase the selection accuracy of superior genotypes. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the cause and effect relationship between expansion volume and kernel size in popcorn hybrids using path analysis and Bayesian network. A total of 41 popcorn hybrids were evaluated through a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with two replicates in the city of Jaboticabal, Brazil. The assessed traits were grain length (GL), grain thickness (GT), grain width (GW), caryopsis roundness index (Cri), mass of 50 grains (MG), and expansion volume (EV). Measurements were performed on individual grains, using three 50-grain samples from each plot. Pearson's correlation coefficient, path analysis and Bayesian network were estimated. A negative correlation was detected among EV and the traits, except for GT. Path analysis indicated that MG has a direct and positive effect on EV and the negative correlation observed is mainly due to the indirect effects by GL and GT. Bayesian networks did not detect a direct association between kernel size and expansion volume while indicating that GT is the only trait that can affect popcorn flake size. RESUMEN El conocimiento sobre la causa y el efecto entre dos o más rasgos puede ayudar a aumentar la precisión de la selección de genotipos superiores. El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar la relación de causa y efecto entre el volumen de expansión y el tamaño del grano en los híbridos de palomitas de maíz utilizando análisis de ruta y red bayesiana. Se evaluó un total de 41 híbridos de palomitas de maíz siguiendo un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA) con dos repeticiones en la ciudad de Jaboticabal, Brasil. Los rasgos evaluados fueron la longitud del grano (LG), el grosor del grano (GG), el ancho del grano (AG), índice de redondez de la cariopsis (IRC), la masa de 50 granos (MG) y el volumen de expansión (VE). Las mediciones se realizaron en granos individuales, utilizando tres muestras de 50 granos de cada parcela. Se estimaron el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson, el análisis de ruta y la red bayesiana. Se detectó una correlación negativa entre VE y los rasgos, a excepción de GT. El análisis de ruta indicó que MG tiene un efecto directo y positivo sobre VE y la correlación negativa observada se debe principalmente a los efectos indirectos de LG y GG Las redes bayesianas no detectaron una asociación directa entre el tamaño del núcleo y el volumen de expansión, mientras que indicaban que GG es el único rasgo que puede afectar el tamaño de las hojuelas de palomitas de maíz.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-04T12:36:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:34:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-70332019000100070.pdf: 373302 bytes, checksum: 81667f24712ea3cea6d2a986e79afbdb (MD5) The current methodologies used to evaluate environmental similarities do not allow the simultaneous analysis and categorization of the environments. The objective of this study was to verify the possibility of using the Bayesian network (BN) to detect similarities between environments for plant height, lodging, and grain yield in maize. Thirteen experimental varieties were grown in six environments to measure the traits plant height, lodging, and grain yield. The BN was constructed for each trait, using the Hill-Climbing algorithm. Results were compared with the simple part of the genotypes x environments interaction, clustering by the Lin's method and by simple correlation between environments. The Lin's method clustered environments with predominance of complex interaction for all traits. The BN is efficient to analyze environmental similarity for plant height and grain yield since it detected the highest correlations. The BN revealed no connections among the environments that presented predominance of complex interaction. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Fitotecnia, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-05T02:02:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:23:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1807-86212019000102001.pdf: 467187 bytes, checksum: eae4c1528422e431e806ea908568d50d (MD5) The Brazilian popcorn has low genetic variability and the successful development of advanced lines, new popcorn cultivars with high grain yield (GY) and expansion volume (PE) is dependent on parental selection and precise determination of heterotic groups. The aim of this study was to evaluate genetic variability and identify heterotic groups in synthetic populations of popcorn, using diallel crosses. Thus, nine synthetic populations were crossed using complete diallel scheme. The GY and PE traits of 36 hybrids and reciprocals were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with 72 treatments and two replicates in two years. The effects of non-additive genes were the most important in the genetic control of these traits, indicating a favorable situation to produce hybrids. The reciprocal effect is mainly due to non-maternal effects for GY and PE. The highest GY values were obtained for the 02 x 08, 04 x 09, 05 x 09, and 01 x 09 crosses and the highest PE were obtained for the 07 x 01 and 03 x 04 crosses. The exploitation of synthetic populations from S-3 lines can be an alternative to increase the genetic variability for grain yield and popping expansion in popcorn breeding programs. Univ Fed Sergipe, Nucleo Grad Agron, Rodovia Engn Jorge Neto,Km 3, BR-49680000 Nossa Senhora Da Gloria, Sergipe, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Agronomia, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Agronomia, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T16:59:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01 The aim of this study was to estimate the combined ability and analyze the genetic variance components of synthetic maize populations using diallel crossing with a mixed model approach. Twelve synthetic varieties were crossed following the complete diallel scheme without reciprocals, resulting in 66 intervarietal hybrids, which were evaluated along with the parental populations and four commercial cultivars in three different environments. An experiment was performed on 82 genotypes using a randomized complete block design with three repetitions. The evaluated traits were ear height (EH), plant height (PH) and grain yield (GY). Griffing's Model II, Method 2 and Gardner and Eberhart's Model II were combined for diallel analysis, along with the UPGMA method based on predicted breeding values (BLUP). The non-additive genetic effects were the most important for plant architecture and grain yield within each synthetic population, as based on the GCA and SCA. Clusters 1 and 2 separated by UPGMA can be included in breeding programs to obtain hybrids, and cluster 3 can be used to obtain genotypes with lower plant architectures and higher productivity in intrapopulation breeding programs. Univ Fed Sergipe, Nucleo Grad Agron, Campus Sertao, Nossa Senhora Da Gloria, SE, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SF, Brazil GDM Genet Brasil SA, Rio Verde, Go, Brazil DuPont Brasil, Div Pioneer Sementes, Porto Nacional, TO, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Ciencias Agr & Vet, Jaboticabal, SF, Brazil

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-05T04:09:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-10-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2019-10-09T18:34:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1984-70332018000400382.pdf: 335636 bytes, checksum: a1ecb99152940b06d66812c5e3c93f67 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Breeding new maize varieties that take up more N from the soil and increase N fixation is a crucial source of combined nitrogen in agricultural systems. Thus, this study aimed to select superior maize parental lines efficient in the use of nitrogen and Azospirillum brasilense. Three experiments were conducted in two agricultural seasons aiming to allocate all diallel hybrids in three different nitrogen conditions. The experiments were performed in a RCB design with two replications, and the diallel was analyzed using the mixed model approach. The general combining ability and Azospirillum use efficiency were applied to select the best parental line. The most promising hybrid combinations were I-08 x II-06, I-02 x II-04, and I-01 x II-02. Parents involved were selected for the development of hybrids. Parents I-01, I-02, I-08, II-01, II-02, II-04, II-05, and II-06 were selected to explore the basic population in the A. brasilense-use efficiency breeding program. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Agron, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Sergipe, Nucleo Grad Agron, Campus Sertao,Rodovia Engenheiro Jorge Neto,Km 3, BR-49680000 Nossa Senhora Da Gloria, SE, Brazil Escola Super Agr Luis Dequeiroz, Dept Genet, Ave Padua Dias,11 Agron, BR-13418900 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Agron, Via Acesso Prof Paulo Donato Castellane S-N, BR-14884900 Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil

The root-knot nematode is a major problem for commercial lettuce cultivation because it affects the market quality of the final product. The objective of this study was to select strains of butter-leaf lettuce resistant to Meloidogyne incognita spp. with good agronomic performance for further cultivar trials. Three field experiments were conducted on the premises of Instituto Agronomico de Pernambuco (IPA-PE) and the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco. The experiments were held from October to November, 2012 and March to April, 2013, respectively. In experiment 1, 14 genotypes were evaluated. In experiment 2, 13 genotypes were evaluated. In Experiment 3, 24 progenies were evaluated. In Experiments 1 and 2, commercial characteristics were evaluated. In experiment 3, resistance to M. incognita spp. was evaluated using the following characteristics: Gall index, number of galls and egg number. All of the tested progeny were considered commercial; when comparing the average number of root galls and number of eggs in the root system, 16 and 22 progenies, respectively, were considered resistant. Among all progeny, 13 were shown to satisfy the commercial standard and have significant resistance to M. incognita. Genotypes were selected that had resistance to M. icognita spp. and high commercial potential for further cultivar trials. Key words: Lactuca sativa L., plant breeding, strain selection, root-knot nematodes.

A produção de milho para consumo animal segue duas aptidões em relação à produção de ração em regiões semiáridas: grãos e silagem. No entanto, o alto sertão Sergipano, região comumente com baixa disponibilidade hídrica, apresenta escassez de alimentos. Desta forma, a obtenção de variabilidade genética, oriunda de cruzamentos específicos, podem auxiliar na seleção de genótipos de milho com potencial forrageiro. Objetivou-se caracterizar genótipos comerciais e experimentais de milho para obtenção de blocos de cruzamentos com potencial forrageiro avaliados em região semiárida. O experimento foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental da Embrapa – Semiárido, em delineamento em blocos incompletos em látice quadrado reticulado 6x6, com duas repetições, totalizando36 tratamentos. Analisou-se as variáveis altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo, peso de parcela, massa fresca, massa seca e massa de forragem. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de correlação fenotípica, contribuição relativa de cada variável e divergência genética. Indicou-se a formação de pelo menos três blocos de cruzamentos: bloco I, com aptidão para massa fresca; bloco II, com aptidão de peso de parcela e massa de forragem; bloco III, para aptidão de altura de planta, diâmetro do colmo e massa seca.

Changes in the relative performance of genotypes have made it necessary for more in-depth investigations to be carried out through reliable analyses of adaptability and stability. The present study was conducted to compare the efficiency of different informative priors in the Bayesian method of Eberhart & Russel with frequentist methods. Fifteen black-bean genotypes from the municipalities of Belém do São Francisco and Petrolina (PE, Brazil) were evaluated in 2011 and 2012 in a randomized-block design with three replicates. Eberhart & Russel’s methodology was applied using the GENES software and the Bayesian procedure using the R software through the MCMCregress function of the MCMCpack package. The quality of Bayesian analysis differed according to the a priori information entered in the model. The Bayesian approach using frequentist analysis had greater accuracy in the estimate of adaptability and stability, where model 1 which uses the a priori information, was the most suitable to obtain reliable estimates according to the BayesFactor function. The inference, using information from previous studies, showed to be imprecise and equivalent to the linear-model methodology. In addition, it was realized that the input of a priori information is important because it increases the quality of the adjustment of the model.

The occurrence of genotype by environment interaction (G x E), which is defined as the differential response of genotypes to environmental variation, is frequently reported in maize cultures, making it challenging to recommend cultivars. Methods allowing to study the potential nonlinear pattern of genotype responses to environmental variation allied to prior beliefs on unknown parameters are interesting to evaluate the phenotypic adaptability and stability of genotypes. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the adaptability and stability of maize hybrids, by using the Bayesian segmented regression model, and evaluate the efficacy of using informative and minimally informative prior distributions for the selection of cultivars. Randomized complete-block design experiments were carried out to study the yield (kg/ha) of 25 maize hybrids, in 22 different environments, in Northeastern Brazil. The Bayesian segmented regression model fitted using informative prior distributions presented lower credibility intervals and Deviance Criterium of Information values, compared to those obtained by fitting using minimally informative distributions. Therefore, the model using informative prior distributions was considered for the adaptability and stability evaluation of maize genotypes. Once most northeastern farmers in Brazil have limited capital, the genotype P4285HX should be considered for planting, due to its high yield performance and adaptability to unfavorable environments.

The objective of this work was to compare the Bayesian approach and the frequentist methods to estimate means and genetic parameters in soybean multienvironment trials. Fifty-one soybean lines and four controls were evaluated in a randomized complete block design, in six environments, with three replicates, and soybean grain yield was determined. The half-normal prior and uniform distributions were used in combination with parameters obtained from data of 18 genotypes collected in previous and related experiments. The genotypic values of the genotypes of high- and low-grain yield, clustered by the Bayesian approach, differed from the means obtained by the frequentist inference. Soybean assessed through the Bayesian approach showed genetic parameter values of the mixed model (REML/Blup) close to those of the following variables: mean heritability (h2mg), accuracy of genotype selection (Acgen), coefficient of genetic variation (CVgi%), and coefficient of environmental variation (CVe%). Therefore, the mixed model methodology and the Bayesian approach lead to similar results for genetic parameters in multienvironment trials. Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a abordagem bayesiana e os métodos frequentistas para estimar as médias e os parâmetros genéticos em experimentos multiambientes de soja. Cinquenta e uma linhagens de soja e quatro testemunhas foram avaliadas em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, em seis ambientes, com três repetições, e a produtividade de grãos foi determinada. As distribuições “half-normal” a priori e uniformes foram utilizadas em combinação com parâmetros obtidos de dados de 18 genótipos coletados em experimentos anteriores e relacionados. Os valores genotípicos de genótipos com alta e baixa produção de grãos, agrupados pela abordagem bayesiana, diferiram das médias obtidas pela inferência frequentista. A soja avaliada pela abordagem bayesiana apresentou valores de parâmetros genéticos de modelos mistos (REML/Blup) próximos daqueles das seguintes variáveis: herdabilidade média (h2mg), acurácia da seleção dos genótipos (Acgen), coeficiente de variação genético (CVgi%) e coeficiente de variação ambiental (CVe%). Portanto, em experimentos multiambientes, a metodologia de modelos mistos e a abordagem bayesiana produzem resultados similares de parâmetros genéticos.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-12-11T17:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-08-24 The high nitrogen nutrient requirement of maize is a major production constraint in areas that have a low availability of soil nitrogen. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to characterize open-pollinated varieties of maize by identifying possible sources of variability targeting low N environments. Twelve experimental varieties and two checks, AL Avaré and Ipanema, were cultivated under high and low nitrogen levels and evaluated for chlorophyll content index, lodging, prolificacy and grain yield. The results indicate that the applied nitrogen resulted in differences in the chlorophyll content index between environments. Nitrogen level affected the percentage of lodged plants of varieties K and L. Grain yield and lodging were the traits that most affected genotypic variability, and 17% of the studied varieties were considered as superior due to higher lodging-resistance and higher grain yield. Departament of Plant Production Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista Nucleous of Agronomy Universidade Federal de Sergipe–Campus Sertão Departament of Plant Production Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista

The green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a nutrient-rich vegetable much appreciated; although, little studied, in Brazil. The aim of the current study was to investigate the nature of traits of interest, as well as to select plants for the green bean breeding program based on genotype vs. trait biplot analysis. The experiment followed a randomized block design, with 4 repetitions and 17 genotypes. Analysis of variance, principal component analysis and biplot charts were performed to analyze the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod, the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, 100-seed weight, as well as grain and pod yields. The analysis of variance showed genetic variability between genotypes. Grain yield, pod yield and seed weight per plant were highly correlated. The number of seeds per pod was negatively correlated with pod weight, grain weight and with seed weight per plant. Lines Feltrin and UENF 14-30-3 were indicated to increase gains in variables such as grain yield and pod yield.

Selection indices commonly utilize economic weights, which become arbitrary genetic gains. In popcorn, this is even more evident due to the negative correlation between the main characteristics of economic importance - grain yield and popping expansion. As an option in the use of classical biometrics as a selection index, the optimal procedure restricted maximum likelihood/best linear unbiased predictor (REML/BLUP) allows the simultaneous estimation of genetic parameters and the prediction of genotypic values. Based on the mixed model methodology, the objective of this study was to investigate the comparative efficiency of eight selection indices estimated by REML/BLUP for the effective selection of superior popcorn families in the eighth intrapopulation recurrent selection cycle. We also investigated the efficiency of the inclusion of the variable “expanded popcorn volume per hectare” in the most advantageous selection of superior progenies. In total, 200 full-sib families were evaluated in two different areas in the North and Northwest regions of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The REML/BLUP procedure resulted in higher estimated gains than those obtained with classical biometric selection index methodologies and should be incorporated into the selection of progenies. The following indices resulted in higher gains in the characteristics of greatest economic importance: the classical selection index/values attributed by trial, via REML/BLUP, and the greatest genotypic values/expanded popcorn volume per hectare, via REML. The expanded popcorn volume per hectare characteristic enabled satisfactory gains in grain yield and popping expansion; this characteristic should be considered super-trait in popcorn breeding programs.

This work evaluated the behavior of coriander half-sib progenies (Coriandrum sativum L.) regarding their agronomic traits. The study was developed in a greenhouse in the Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, PE, Brazil. The experiment was designed as augmented block design with 26 coriander genotypes, of which 24 were coriander half-sib treatments, and two control treatments, 'Verdão' and 'Tabocas'. These progenies were selected from four cycles of phenotypic recurrent selection from the 'Verdão' population, which were selected for later bolting. Plant height and canopy diameter were evaluated in the field, and shoot fresh mass. There were significant differences between the treatment means for all variables analyzed. Regarding analysis of variance and SNK test, there is available variability to select half-sib progenies. Genotypes C4-014, C4-015, C4-016, and C4-018 had promising productivity compared to the commercial control varieties. The broad-sense heritability values were 77.3, 81.5 and 95.8% for canopy diameter, shoot fresh mass, and plant height, respectively. This result showed that the majority of phenotypic variance is genetic. Therefore, these genotypes may be used in coriander breeding programs of recurrent selection to obtain cultivars adapted to tropical conditions.

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:01:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0104-14282009000400010.pdf: 1738473 bytes, checksum: 777e0110d8736140ee47f70fdc8d6b61 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:01:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0104-14282009000400010.pdf: 1738473 bytes, checksum: 777e0110d8736140ee47f70fdc8d6b61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:02:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0104-14282009000400010.pdf: 1738473 bytes, checksum: 777e0110d8736140ee47f70fdc8d6b61 (MD5) S0104-14282009000400010.pdf.txt: 33505 bytes, checksum: f2641b4780d24152b2152138673fce78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T13:28:10Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0104-14282009000400010.pdf: 1738473 bytes, checksum: 777e0110d8736140ee47f70fdc8d6b61 (MD5) S0104-14282009000400010.pdf.txt: 33505 bytes, checksum: f2641b4780d24152b2152138673fce78 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T13:28:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0104-14282009000400010.pdf: 1738473 bytes, checksum: 777e0110d8736140ee47f70fdc8d6b61 (MD5) S0104-14282009000400010.pdf.txt: 33505 bytes, checksum: f2641b4780d24152b2152138673fce78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-01-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Os compósitos poliméricos vêm ganhando grande destaque devido aos avanços tecnológicos conquistados pelas indústrias, principalmente a aeroespacial. Estes avanços têm como uma de várias finalidades a obtenção de compósitos com baixa massa específica associada às elevadas resistência mecânica e rigidez. Comparando os compósitos termoplásticos aos termorrígidos, pode ser destacado como suas principais vantagens: processamento mais rápido pela ausência de um ciclo de cura; baixa absorção de umidade; excelente resistência química; maior temperatura de serviço; baixo custo de transporte e estocagem; maior resistência ao impacto; maior rigidez e a possibilidade de serem reciclados. Devido às grandes variações de temperatura que estes materiais estão sujeitos durante sua vida útil como artefatos de aplicação aeronáutica, é de extrema importância a realização de estudos do seu comportamento mecânico a elevadas temperaturas, uma vez que a estas temperaturas as propriedades do compósito podem ser modificadas. O presente trabalho visa avaliar o comportamento mecânico (tração, fadiga e cisalhamento interlaminar, tanto em temperatura ambiente como a 80 °C) de compósitos termoplásticos de matriz PEI (poli(éter-imida)) reforçados com fibras de vidro. Observou-se que os valores de resistências à tração, cisalhamento e fadiga do laminado PEI/fibras de vidro foram superiores aos encontrados para o laminado de epóxi/fibras de vidro. Entretanto, em todos os casos foram observadas quedas significativas nas propriedades mecânicas obtidas a 80 °C, em comparação com aquelas à temperatura ambiente. Polymeric composites have been used due to the technological progress in industries, mainly the aerospace. These advances are aimed at obtaining composites with low specific gravity associated with high mechanical properties and stiffness. The main advantages of thermoplastics over thermoset laminates include: fast processing due to the absence of a cure cycle, low moisture absorption, excellent chemical resistance; higher service temperature; low costs of transport and storage, higher impact resistance; higher stiffness and possibility of recycling. It is therefore important to investigate the mechanical properties at high temperatures since these materials are subjected to large temperature variations in aeronautical applications. This work is aimed at evaluating the mechanical properties (tensile, fatigue and interlaminar shear behavior) of PEI reinforced with glass fiber at 25 and 80 °C. The tensile, shear and fatigue stresses for PEI/glass fiber were found to be higher than in epoxy/glass fiber laminates. However, in all cases a significant deterioration in the mechanical properties was observed at 80 °C in comparison to those at room temperature. UNESP Departamento de Materiais e Tecnologia UNESP Departamento de Materiais e Tecnologia

Cowpea bean is a common crop quite appreciated in Brazil. However, it is known that its low yield depending on soil and climatic conditions. The aim of this research is the selection of high-performance black-eyed cowpea through GYT biplot analysis. Twelve (12) cowpea bean strains were assessed between 2016 and. The study followed a randomized complete block design, with four repetitions; two commercial cultivars were used ascheck. The following variables were assessed: number of days required for flowering, final stand, value for cultivation, pod yield, pod length, mean number of grains per pod and grain weight. The analysis of variance showed genetic variability between strains, differences between the assessed years and different strain-performance in each growing year. Based on the GYT biplot graph, cultivar BRS Itaim, and strains L9 and L7 recorded the best performance for the set of yield characteristics. Variable ?pod length? had positive correlation to bedding, number of days required for flowering and number of grains per pod. Variable ?100-grain weight? had positive correlation to final stand, pod yield and mean grain weight per pod. Strains L9, L7 and cultivar BRS Itaim recorded the best yield regarding the assessed variables. Made available in DSpace on 2021-05-18T13:26:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 araujo2-15-3-2021-464-469.pdf: 412983 bytes, checksum: 933a61118039d4915ca3e4085922b3dd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021

Cowpea beans is grown under different edaphoclimatic conditions throughout Brazilian regions causing them to perform differently due to the influence that environments have on genotypes. Thus, it is necessary to obtain lines adapted to the specific cultivation environments so that it can present high yield. The objective of this work was to select cowpea lines through the GYT biplot multivariate analysis. Made available in DSpace on 2019-11-20T00:41:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveiraetal2019.pdf: 349566 bytes, checksum: fb3c01a7109a965108effdd226c1ce3a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019