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1. The PLATO Mission

Author

Rauer, Heike, Aerts, Conny, Cabrera, Juan, Deleuil, Magali, Erikson, Anders, Gizon, Laurent, Goupil, Mariejo, Heras, Ana, Lorenzo-Alvarez, Jose, Marliani, Filippo, Martin-Garcia, Cesar, Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel, O'Rourke, Laurence, Osborn, Hugh, Pagano, Isabella, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ramsay, Gavin, Udry, Stéphane, Appourchaux, Thierry, Benz, Willy, Brandeker, Alexis, Güdel, Manuel, Janot-Pacheco, Eduardo, Kabath, Petr, Kjeldsen, Hans, Min, Michiel, Santos, Nuno, Smith, Alan, Suarez, Juan-Carlos, Werner, Stephanie C., Aboudan, Alessio, Abreu, Manuel, Acuña, Lorena, Adams, Moritz, Adibekyan, Vardan, Affer, Laura, Agneray, François, Agnor, Craig, Børsen-Koch, Victor Aguirre, Ahmed, Saad, Aigrain, Suzanne, Al-Bahlawan, Ashraf, Gil, M de los Angeles Alcacera, Alei, Eleonora, Alencar, Silvia, Alexander, Richard, Alfonso-Garzón, Julia, Alibert, Yann, Prieto, Carlos Allende, Almeida, Leonardo, Sobrino, Roi Alonso, Altavilla, Giuseppe, Althaus, Christian, Trujillo, Luis Alonso Alvarez, Amarsi, Anish, Eiff, Matthias Ammler-von, Amôres, Eduardo, Andrade, Laerte, Antoniadis-Karnavas, Alexandros, António, Carlos, del Moral, Beatriz Aparicio, Appolloni, Matteo, Arena, Claudio, Armstrong, David, Aliaga, Jose Aroca, Asplund, Martin, Audenaert, Jeroen, Auricchio, Natalia, Avelino, Pedro, Baeke, Ann, Baillié, Kevin, Balado, Ana, Balestra, Andrea, Ball, Warrick, Ballans, Herve, Ballot, Jerome, Barban, Caroline, Barbary, Gaële, Barbieri, Mauro, Forteza, Sebastià Barceló, Barker, Adrian, Barklem, Paul, Barnes, Sydney, Navascues, David Barrado, Barragan, Oscar, Baruteau, Clément, Basu, Sarbani, Baudin, Frederic, Baumeister, Philipp, Bayliss, Daniel, Bazot, Michael, Beck, Paul G., Bedding, Tim, Belkacem, Kevin, Bellinger, Earl, Benatti, Serena, Benomar, Othman, Bérard, Diane, Bergemann, Maria, Bergomi, Maria, Bernardo, Pierre, Biazzo, Katia, Bignamini, Andrea, Bigot, Lionel, Billot, Nicolas, Binet, Martin, Biondi, David, Biondi, Federico, Birch, Aaron C., Bitsch, Bertram, Ceballos, Paz Victoria Bluhm, Bódi, Attila, Bognár, Zsófia, Boisse, Isabelle, Bolmont, Emeline, Bonanno, Alfio, Bonavita, Mariangela, Bonfanti, Andrea, Bonfils, Xavier, Bonito, Rosaria, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Börner, Anko, Saikia, Sudeshna Boro, Martín, Elisa Borreguero, Borsa, Francesco, Borsato, Luca, Bossini, Diego, Bouchy, Francois, Boué, Gwenaël, Boufleur, Rodrigo, Boumier, Patrick, Bourrier, Vincent, Bowman, Dominic M., Bozzo, Enrico, Bradley, Louisa, Bray, John, Bressan, Alessandro, Breton, Sylvain, Brienza, Daniele, Brito, Ana, Brogi, Matteo, Brown, Beverly, Brown, David, Brun, Allan Sacha, Bruno, Giovanni, Bruns, Michael, Buchhave, Lars A., Bugnet, Lisa, Buldgen, Gaël, Burgess, Patrick, Busatta, Andrea, Busso, Giorgia, Buzasi, Derek, Caballero, José A., Cabral, Alexandre, Calderone, Flavia, Cameron, Robert, Cameron, Andrew, Campante, Tiago, Martins, Bruno Leonardo Canto, Cara, Christophe, Carone, Ludmila, Carrasco, Josep Manel, Casagrande, Luca, Casewell, Sarah L., Cassisi, Santi, Castellani, Marco, Castro, Matthieu, Catala, Claude, Fernández, Irene Catalán, Catelan, Márcio, Cegla, Heather, Cerruti, Chiara, Cessa, Virginie, Chadid, Merieme, Chaplin, William, Charpinet, Stephane, Chiappini, Cristina, Chiarucci, Simone, Chiavassa, Andrea, Chinellato, Simonetta, Chirulli, Giovanni, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jorgen, Church, Ross, Claret, Antonio, Clarke, Cathie, Claudi, Riccardo, Clermont, Lionel, Coelho, Hugo, Coelho, Joao, Cogato, Fabrizio, Colomé, Josep, Condamin, Mathieu, Conseil, Simon, Corbard, Thierry, Correia, Alexandre C. M., Corsaro, Enrico, Cosentino, Rosario, Costes, Jean, Cottinelli, Andrea, Covone, Giovanni, Creevey, Orlagh L., Crida, Aurelien, Csizmadia, Szilard, Cunha, Margarida, Curry, Patrick, da Costa, Jefferson, da Silva, Francys, Dalal, Shweta, Damasso, Mario, Damiani, Cilia, Damiani, Francesco, Chagas, Maria Liduina das, Davies, Melvyn, Davies, Guy, Davies, Ben, Davison, Gary, de Almeida, Leandro, de Angeli, Francesca, de Barros, Susana Cristina Cabral, Leão, Izan de Castro, de Freitas, Daniel Brito, de Freitas, Marcia Cristina, De Martino, Domitilla, de Medeiros, José Renan, de Paula, Luiz Alberto, de Plaa, Jelle, De Ridder, Joris, Deal, Morgan, Decin, Leen, Deeg, Hans, Degl'Innocenti, Scilla, Deheuvels, Sebastien, del Burgo, Carlos, Del Sordo, Fabio, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Demangeon, Olivier, Denk, Tilmann, Derekas, Aliz, Desidera, Silvano, Dexet, Marc, Di Criscienzo, Marcella, Di Giorgio, Anna Maria, Di Mauro, Maria Pia, Rial, Federico Jose Diaz, Díaz-García, José-Javier, Dima, Marco, Dinuzzi, Giacomo, Dionatos, Odysseas, Distefano, Elisa, Nascimento Jr., Jose-Dias do, Domingo, Albert, D'Orazi, Valentina, Dorn, Caroline, Doyle, Lauren, Duarte, Elena, Ducellier, Florent, Dumaye, Luc, Dumusque, Xavier, Dupret, Marc-Antoine, Eggenberger, Patrick, Ehrenreich, David, Eigmüller, Philipp, Eising, Johannes, Emilio, Marcelo, Eriksson, Kjell, Ermocida, Marco, Giribaldi, Riano Isidoro Escate, Eschen, Yoshi, Estrela, Inês, Evans, Dafydd Wyn, Fabbian, Damian, Fabrizio, Michele, Faria, João Pedro, Farina, Maria, Farinato, Jacopo, Feliz, Dax, Feltzing, Sofia, Fenouillet, Thomas, Ferrari, Lorenza, Ferraz-Mello, Sylvio, Fialho, Fabio, Fienga, Agnes, Figueira, Pedro, Fiori, Laura, Flaccomio, Ettore, Focardi, Mauro, Foley, Steve, Fontignie, Jean, Ford, Dominic, Fornazier, Karin, Forveille, Thierry, Fossati, Luca, Franca, Rodrigo de Marca, da Silva, Lucas Franco, Frasca, Antonio, Fridlund, Malcolm, Furlan, Marco, Gabler, Sarah-Maria, Gaido, Marco, Gallagher, Andrew, Galli, Emanuele, Garcia, Rafael A., Hernández, Antonio García, Munoz, Antonio Garcia, García-Vázquez, Hugo, Haba, Rafael Garrido, Gaulme, Patrick, Gauthier, Nicolas, Gehan, Charlotte, Gent, Matthew, Georgieva, Iskra, Ghigo, Mauro, Giana, Edoardo, Gill, Samuel, Girardi, Leo, Winter, Silvia Giuliatti, Giusi, Giovanni, da Silva, João Gomes, Zazo, Luis Jorge Gómez, Gomez-Lopez, Juan Manuel, Hernández, Jonay Isai González, Murillo, Kevin Gonzalez, Gorius, Nicolas, Gouel, Pierre-Vincent, Goulty, Duncan, Granata, Valentina, Grenfell, John Lee, Grießbach, Denis, Grolleau, Emmanuel, Grouffal, Salomé, Grziwa, Sascha, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Gueguen, Loïc, Guenther, Eike Wolf, Guilhem, Terrasa, Guillerot, Lucas, Guiot, Pierre, Guterman, Pascal, Gutiérrez, Antonio, Gutiérrez-Canales, Fernando, Hagelberg, Janis, Haldemann, Jonas, Hall, Cassandra, Handberg, Rasmus, Harrison, Ian, Harrison, Diana L., Hasiba, Johann, Haswell, Carole A., Hatalova, Petra, Hatzes, Artie, Haywood, Raphaelle, Hébrard, Guillaume, Heckes, Frank, Heiter, Ulrike, Hekker, Saskia, Heller, René, Helling, Christiane, Helminiak, Krzysztof, Hemsley, Simon, Heng, Kevin, Hermans, Aline, Hermes, JJ, Torres, Nadia Hidalgo, Hinkel, Natalie, Hobbs, David, Hodgkin, Simon, Hofmann, Karl, Hojjatpanah, Saeed, Houdek, Günter, Huber, Daniel, Huesler, Joseph, Hui-Bon-Hoa, Alain, Huygen, Rik, Huynh, Duc-Dat, Iro, Nicolas, Irwin, Jonathan, Irwin, Mike, Izidoro, André, Jacquinod, Sophie, Jannsen, Nicholas Emborg, Janson, Markus, Jeszenszky, Harald, Jiang, Chen, Mancebo, Antonio José Jimenez, Jofre, Paula, Johansen, Anders, Johnston, Cole, Jones, Geraint, Kallinger, Thomas, Kálmán, Szilárd, Kanitz, Thomas, Karjalainen, Marie, Karjalainen, Raine, Karoff, Christoffer, Kawaler, Steven, Kawata, Daisuke, Keereman, Arnoud, Keiderling, David, Kennedy, Tom, Kenworthy, Matthew, Kerschbaum, Franz, Kidger, Mark, Kiefer, Flavien, Kintziger, Christian, Kislyakova, Kristina, Kiss, László, Klagyivik, Peter, Klahr, Hubert, Klevas, Jonas, Kochukhov, Oleg, Köhler, Ulrich, Kolb, Ulrich, Koncz, Alexander, Korth, Judith, Kostogryz, Nadiia, Kovács, Gábor, Kovács, József, Kozhura, Oleg, Krivova, Natalie, Kučinskas, Arunas, Kuhlemann, Ilyas, Kupka, Friedrich, Laauwen, Wouter, Labiano, Alvaro, Lagarde, Nadege, Laget, Philippe, Laky, Gunter, Lam, Kristine Wai Fun, Lambrechts, Michiel, Lammer, Helmut, Lanza, Antonino Francesco, Lanzafame, Alessandro, Martiz, Mariel Lares, Laskar, Jacques, Latter, Henrik, Lavanant, Tony, Lawrenson, Alastair, Lazzoni, Cecilia, Lebre, Agnes, Lebreton, Yveline, Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des, Leinhardt, Zoe, Leleu, Adrien, Lendl, Monika, Leto, Giuseppe, Levillain, Yves, Libert, Anne-Sophie, Lichtenberg, Tim, Ligi, Roxanne, Lignieres, Francois, Lillo-Box, Jorge, Linsky, Jeffrey, Liu, John Scige, Loidolt, Dominik, Longval, Yuying, Lopes, Ilídio, Lorenzani, Andrea, Ludwig, Hans-Guenter, Lund, Mikkel, Lundkvist, Mia Sloth, Luri, Xavier, Maceroni, Carla, Madden, Sean, Madhusudhan, Nikku, Maggio, Antonio, Magliano, Christian, Magrin, Demetrio, Mahy, Laurent, Maibaum, Olaf, Malac-Allain, LeeRoy, Malapert, Jean-Christophe, Malavolta, Luca, Maldonado, Jesus, Mamonova, Elena, Manchon, Louis, Mann, Andrew, Mantovan, Giacomo, Marafatto, Luca, Marconi, Marcella, Mardling, Rosemary, Marigo, Paola, Marinoni, Silvia, Marques, Érico, Marques, Joao Pedro, Marrese, Paola Maria, Marshall, Douglas, Perales, Silvia Martínez, Mary, David, Marzari, Francesco, Masana, Eduard, Mascher, Andrina, Mathis, Stéphane, Mathur, Savita, Figueiredo, Ana Carolina Mattiuci, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Mazeh, Tsevi, Mazevet, Stephane, Mazzei, Francesco, McCormac, James, McMillan, Paul, Menou, Lucas, Merle, Thibault, Meru, Farzana, Mesa, Dino, Messina, Sergio, Mészáros, Szabolcs, Meunier, Nadége, Meunier, Jean-Charles, Micela, Giuseppina, Michaelis, Harald, Michel, Eric, Michielsen, Mathias, Michtchenko, Tatiana, Miglio, Andrea, Miguel, Yamila, Milligan, David, Mirouh, Giovanni, Mitchell, Morgan, Moedas, Nuno, Molendini, Francesca, Molnár, László, Mombarg, Joey, Montalban, Josefina, Montalto, Marco, Monteiro, Mário J. P. F. G., Morales, Juan Carlos, Morales-Calderon, Maria, Morbidelli, Alessandro, Mordasini, Christoph, Moreau, Chrystel, Morel, Thierry, Morello, Guiseppe, Morin, Julien, Mortier, Annelies, Mosser, Benoît, Mourard, Denis, Mousis, Olivier, Moutou, Claire, Mowlavi, Nami, Moya, Andrés, Muehlmann, Prisca, Muirhead, Philip, Munari, Matteo, Musella, Ilaria, Mustill, Alexander James, Nardetto, Nicolas, Nardiello, Domenico, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nash, Anna, Neiner, Coralie, Nelson, Richard P., Nettelmann, Nadine, Nicolini, Gianalfredo, Nielsen, Martin, Niemi, Sami-Matias, Noack, Lena, Noels-Grotsch, Arlette, Noll, Anthony, Norazman, Azib, Norton, Andrew J., Nsamba, Benard, Ofir, Aviv, Ogilvie, Gordon, Olander, Terese, Olivetto, Christian, Olofsson, Göran, Ong, Joel, Ortolani, Sergio, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, Ottacher, Harald, Ottensamer, Roland, Ouazzani, Rhita-Maria, Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan, Pace, Emanuele, Pajas, Miriam, Palacios, Ana, Palandri, Gaelle, Palle, Enric, Paproth, Carsten, Parro, Vanderlei, Parviainen, Hannu, Granado, Javier Pascual, Passegger, Vera Maria, Pastor-Morales, Carmen, Pätzold, Martin, Pedersen, May Gade, Hidalgo, David Pena, Pepe, Francesco, Pereira, Filipe, Persson, Carina M., Pertenais, Martin, Peter, Gisbert, Petit, Antoine C., Petit, Pascal, Pezzuto, Stefano, Pichierri, Gabriele, Pietrinferni, Adriano, Pinheiro, Fernando, Pinsonneault, Marc, Plachy, Emese, Plasson, Philippe, Plez, Bertrand, Poppenhaeger, Katja, Poretti, Ennio, Portaluri, Elisa, Portell, Jordi, de Mello, Gustavo Frederico Porto, Poyatos, Julien, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Moroni, Pier Giorgio Prada, Pricopi, Dumitru, Prisinzano, Loredana, Quade, Matthias, Quirrenbach160, ndreas, Reina6, Julio Arturo Rabanal, Soares, Maria Cristina Rabello, Raimondo, Gabriella, Rainer, Monica, Rodón, Jose Ramón, Ramón-Ballesta, Alejandro, Zapata, Gonzalo Ramos, Rätz, Stefanie, Rauterberg, Christoph, Redman, Bob, Redmer, Ronald, Reese, Daniel, Regibo, Sara, Reiners, Ansgar, Reinhold, Timo, Renie, Christian, Ribas, Ignasi, Ribeiro, Sergio, Ricciardi, Thiago Pereira, Rice, Ken, Richard, Olivier, Riello, Marco, Rieutord, Michel, Ripepi, Vincenzo, Rixon, Guy, Rockstein, Steve, Rodríguez, María Teresa Rodrigo, Díaz, Luisa Fernanda Rodríguez, Garcia, Juan Pablo Rodriguez, Rodriguez-Gomez, Julio, Roehlly, Yannick, Roig, Fernando, Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara, Rolf, Tobias, Rørsted, Jakob Lysgaard, Rosado, Hugo, Rosotti, Giovanni, Roth, Olivier, Roth, Markus, Rousseau, Alex, Roxburgh, Ian, Roy, Fabrice, Royer, Pierre, Ruane, Kirk, Mastropasqua, Sergio Rufini, de Galarreta, Claudia Ruiz, Russi, Andrea, Saar, Steven, Saillenfest, Melaine, Salaris, Maurizio, Salmon, Sebastien, Saltas, Ippocratis, Samadi, Réza, Samadi, Aunia, Samra, Dominic, da Silva, Tiago Sanches, Carrasco, Miguel Andrés Sánchez, Santerne, Alexandre, Santoli, Francesco, Santos, Ângela R. G., Mesa, Rosario Sanz, Sarro, Luis Manuel, Scandariato, Gaetano, Schäfer, Martin, Schlafly, Edward, Schmider, François-Xavier, Schneider, Jean, Schou, Jesper, Schunker, Hannah, Schwarzkopf, Gabriel Jörg, Serenelli, Aldo, Seynaeve, Dries, Shan, Yutong, Shapiro, Alexander, Shipman, Russel, Sicilia, Daniela, Sanmartin, Maria Angeles Sierra, Sigot, Axelle, Silliman, Kyle, Silvotti, Roberto, Simon, Attila E., Napoli, Ricardo Simoyama, Skarka, Marek, Smalley, Barry, Smiljanic, Rodolfo, Smit, Samuel, Smith, Alexis, Smith, Leigh, Snellen, Ignas, Sódor, Ádám, Sohl, Frank, Solanki, Sami K., Sortino, Francesca, Sousa, Sérgio, Southworth, John, Souto, Diogo, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stamatellos, Dimitris, Stassun, Keivan, Steller, Manfred, Stello, Dennis, Stelzer, Beate, Stiebeler, Ulrike, Stokholm, Amalie, Storelvmo, Trude, Strassmeier, Klaus, Strøm, Paul Anthony, Strugarek, Antoine, Sulis, Sophia, Švanda, Michal, Szabados, László, Szabó, Róbert, Szabó, Gyula M., Szuszkiewicz, Ewa, Talens, Geert Jan, Teti, Daniele, Theisen, Tom, Thévenin, Frédéric, Thoul, Anne, Tiphene, Didier, Titz-Weider, Ruth, Tkachenko, Andrew, Tomecki, Daniel, Tonfat, Jorge, Tosi, Nicola, Trampedach, Regner, Traven, Gregor, Triaud, Amaury, Trønnes, Reidar, Tsantaki, Maria, Tschentscher, Matthias, Turin, Arnaud, Tvaruzka, Adam, Ulmer, Bernd, Ulmer-Moll, Solène, Ulusoy, Ceren, Umbriaco, Gabriele, Valencia, Diana, Valentini, Marica, Valio, Adriana, Guijarro, Ángel Luis Valverde, Van Eylen, Vincent, Van Grootel, Valerie, van Kempen, Tim A., Van Reeth, Timothy, Van Zelst, Iris, Vandenbussche, Bart, Vasiliou, Konstantinos, Vasilyev, Valeriy, de Mascarenhas, David Vaz, Vazan, Allona, Nunez, Marina Vela, Velloso, Eduardo Nunes, Ventura, Rita, Ventura, Paolo, Venturini, Julia, Trallero, Isabel Vera, Veras, Dimitri, Verdugo, Eva, Verma, Kuldeep, Vibert, Didier, Martinez, Tobias Vicanek, Vida, Krisztián, Vigan, Arthur, Villacorta, Antonio, Villaver, Eva, Aparicio, Marcos Villaverde, Viotto, Valentina, Vorobyov, Eduard, Vorontsov, Sergey, Wagner, Frank W., Walloschek, Thomas, Walton, Nicholas, Walton, Dave, Wang, Haiyang, Waters, Rens, Watson, Christopher, Wedemeyer, Sven, Weeks, Angharad, Weingril, Jörg, Weiss, Annita, Wendler, Belinda, West, Richard, Westerdorff, Karsten, Westphal, Pierre-Amaury, Wheatley, Peter, White, Tim, Whittaker, Amadou, Wickhusen, Kai, Wilson, Thomas, Windsor, James, Winter, Othon, Winther, Mark Lykke, Winton, Alistair, Witteck, Ulrike, Witzke, Veronika, Woitke, Peter, Wolter, David, Wuchterl, Günther, Wyatt, Mark, Yang, Dan, Yu, Jie, Sanchez, Ricardo Zanmar, Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Zechmeister, Mathias, Zhou, Yixiao, Ziemke, Claas, and Zwintz, Konstanze

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA's M3 mission designed to detect and characterise extrasolar planets and perform asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets (down to <2 R_(Earth)) around bright stars (<11 mag), including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observations from the ground, planets will be characterised for their radius, mass, and age with high accuracy (5 %, 10 %, 10 % for an Earth-Sun combination respectively). PLATO will provide us with a large-scale catalogue of well-characterised small planets up to intermediate orbital periods, relevant for a meaningful comparison to planet formation theories and to better understand planet evolution. It will make possible comparative exoplanetology to place our Solar System planets in a broader context. In parallel, PLATO will study (host) stars using asteroseismology, allowing us to determine the stellar properties with high accuracy, substantially enhancing our knowledge of stellar structure and evolution. The payload instrument consists of 26 cameras with 12cm aperture each. For at least four years, the mission will perform high-precision photometric measurements. Here we review the science objectives, present PLATO's target samples and fields, provide an overview of expected core science performance as well as a description of the instrument and the mission profile at the beginning of the serial production of the flight cameras. PLATO is scheduled for a launch date end 2026. This overview therefore provides a summary of the mission to the community in preparation of the upcoming operational phases.

Published
2024

2. Two Warm Neptunes transiting HIP 9618 revealed by TESS & Cheops

Author

Osborn, Hugh P., Nowak, Grzegorz, Hébrard, Guillaume, Masseron, Thomas, Lillo-Box, J., Pallé, Enric, Bekkelien, Anja, Florén, Hans-Gustav, Guterman, Pascal, Simon, Attila E., Adibekyan, V., Bieryla, Allyson, Borsato, Luca, Brandeker, Alexis, Ciardi, David R., Cameron, Andrew Collier, Collins, Karen A., Egger, Jo A., Gandolfi, Davide, Hooton, Matthew J., Latham, David W., Lendl, Monika, Matthews, Elisabeth C., Tuson, Amy, Ulmer-Moll, Solène, Vanderburg, Andrew, Wilson, Thomas G., Ziegler, Carl, Alibert, Yann, Alonso, Roi, Anglada, Guillem, Arnold, Luc, Asquier, Joel, Navascues, David Barrado y, Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Thomas, Belinski, Alexandr A., Benz, Willy, Biondi, Federico, Boisse, Isabelle, Bonfils, Xavier, Broeg, Christopher, Buchhave, Lars A., Bárczy, Tamas, Barros, S. C. C., Cabrera, Juan, Guillen, Carlos Cardona, Carleo, Ilaria, Castro-González, Amadeo, Charnoz, Sébastien, Christiansen, Jessie, Cortes-Zuleta, Pia, Csizmadia, Szilard, Dalal, Shweta, Davies, Melvyn B., Deleuil, Magali, Delfosse, Xavier, Delrez, Laetitia, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Dunlavey, Ava B., Ehrenreich, David, Erikson, Anders, Fernandes, Rachel B., Fortier, Andrea, Forveille, Thierry, Fossati, Luca, Fridlund, Malcolm, Gillon, Michaël, Goeke, Robert F., Goliguzova, Maria V., Gonzales, Erica J., Günther, M. N., Güdel, Manuel, Heidari, Neda, Henze, Christopher E., Howell, Steve, Hoyer, Sergio, Frey, Jonas Immanuel, Isaak, Kate G., Jenkins, Jon M., Kiefer, Flavien, Kiss, Laszlo, Korth, Judith, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Laskar, Jacques, Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des, Lovis, Christophe, Lund, Michael B., Luque, Rafa, Magrin, Demetrio, Almenara, Jose Manuel, Martioli, Eder, Mecina, Marko, Medina, Jennifer V., Moldovan, Daniel, Morales-Calderón, María, Morello, Giuseppe, Moutou, Claire, Murgas, Felipe, Jensen, Eric L. N., Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Ottensamer, Roland, Pagano, Isabella, Peter, Gisbert, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Rando, Nicola, Rauer, Heike, Ribas, Ignasi, Ricker, George, Demangeon, Olivier D. S., Smith, Alexis M. S., Santos, Nuno, Scandariato, Gaetano, Seager, Sara, Sousa, Sergio G., Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula M., Ségransan, Damien, Thomas, Nicolas, Udry, Stéphane, Ulmer, Bernd, Van Grootel, Valerie, Vanderspek, Roland, Walton, Nicholas, and Winn, Joshua N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

HIP 9618 (HD 12572, TOI-1471, TIC 306263608) is a bright ($G=9.0$ mag) solar analogue. TESS photometry revealed the star to have two candidate planets with radii of $3.9 \pm 0.044$ $R_\oplus$ (HIP 9618 b) and $3.343 \pm 0.039$ $R_\oplus$ (HIP 9618 c). While the 20.77291 day period of HIP 9618 b was measured unambiguously, HIP 9618 c showed only two transits separated by a 680-day gap in the time series, leaving many possibilities for the period. To solve this issue, CHEOPS performed targeted photometry of period aliases to attempt to recover the true period of planet c, and successfully determined the true period to be 52.56349 d. High-resolution spectroscopy with HARPS-N, SOPHIE and CAFE revealed a mass of $10.0 \pm 3.1 M_\oplus$ for HIP 9618 b, which, according to our interior structure models, corresponds to a $6.8\pm1.4\%$ gas fraction. HIP 9618 c appears to have a lower mass than HIP 9618 b, with a 3-sigma upper limit of $< 18M_\oplus$. Follow-up and archival RV measurements also reveal a clear long-term trend which, when combined with imaging and astrometric information, reveal a low-mass companion ($0.08^{+0.12}_{-0.05} M_\odot$) orbiting at $26^{+19}_{-11}$ au. This detection makes HIP 9618 one of only five bright ($K<8$ mag) transiting multi-planet systems known to host a planet with $P>50$ d, opening the door for the atmospheric characterisation of warm ($T_{\rm eq}<750$ K) sub-Neptunes., Comment: 19 pages, 16 figures, 9 tables. Accepted at MNRAS. CHEOPS, RV and ground-based photometric data is available on CDS at https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/viz-bin/cat/J/MNRAS/523/3069

Published
2023
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3. A pair of Sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 characterised with CHEOPS

Author

Wilson, Thomas G., Goffo, Elisa, Alibert, Yann, Gandolfi, Davide, Bonfanti, Andrea, Persson, Carina M., Cameron, Andrew Collier, Fridlund, Malcolm, Fossati, Luca, Korth, Judith, Benz, Willy, Deline, Adrien, Florén, Hans-Gustav, Guterman, Pascal, Adibekyan, Vardan, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Leleu, Adrien, Mustill, Alexander James, Salmon, Sébastien, Sousa, Sérgio G., Suarez, Olga, Abe, Lyu, Agabi, Abdelkrim, Alonso, Roi, Anglada, Guillem, Asquier, Joel, Bárczy, Tamas, Navascues, David Barrado y, Barros, Susana C. C., Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Beck, Thomas, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Brandeker, Alexis, Broeg, Christopher, Bryant, Edward M., Burleigh, Matthew R., Buttu, Marco, Cabrera, Juan, Charnoz, Sébastien, Ciardi, David R., Cloutier, Ryan, Cochran, William D., Collins, Karen A., Colón, Knicole D., Crouzet, Nicolas, Csizmadia, Szilard, Davies, Melvyn B., Deleuil, Magali, Delrez, Laetitia, Demangeon, Olivier, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Dragomir, Diana, Dransfield, Georgina, Ehrenreich, David, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Gan, Tianjun, Gill, Samuel, Gillon, Michaël, Gnilka, Crystal L., Grieves, Nolan, Grziwa, Sascha, Güdel, Manuel, Guillot, Tristan, Haldemann, Jonas, Heng, Kevin, Horne, Keith, Howell, Steve B., Isaak, Kate G., Jenkins, Jon M., Jensen, Eric L. N., Kiss, Laszlo, Lacedelli, Gaia, Lam, Kristine, Laskar, Jacques, Latham, David W., Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des, Lendl, Monika, Lester, Kathryn V., Levine, Alan M., Livingston, John, Lovis, Christophe, Luque, Rafael, Magrin, Demetrio, Marie-Sainte, Wenceslas, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Mayo, Andrew W., McLean, Brian, Mecina, Marko, Mékarnia, Djamel, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nielsen, Louise D., Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P., Osborne, Hannah L. M., Ottensamer, Roland, Pagano, Isabella, Pallé, Enric, Peter, Gisbert, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Rando, Nicola, Rauer, Heike, Redfield, Seth, Ribas, Ignasi, Ricker, George R., Rieder, Martin, Santos, Nuno C., Scandariato, Gaetano, Schmider, François-Xavier, Schwarz, Richard P., Scott, Nicholas J., Seager, Sara, Ségransan, Damien, Serrano, Luisa Maria, Simon, Attila E., Smith, Alexis M. S., Steller, Manfred, Stockdale, Chris, Szabó, Gyula, Thomas, Nicolas, Ting, Eric B., Triaud, Amaury H. M. J., Udry, Stéphane, Van Eylen, Vincent, Van Grootel, Valérie, Vanderspek, Roland K., Viotto, Valentina, Walton, Nicholas, and Winn, Joshua N.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery and characterisation of a pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331), initially detected in TESS photometry. To characterise the system, we performed and retrieved CHEOPS, TESS, and ground-based photometry, HARPS high-resolution spectroscopy, and Gemini speckle imaging. We characterise the host star and determine $T_{\rm eff, \star}=4734\pm67$ K, $R_{\star}=0.726\pm0.007$ $R_{\odot}$, and $M_{\star}=0.748\pm0.032$ $M_{\odot}$. We present a novel detrending method based on PSF shape-change modelling and demonstrate its suitability to correct flux variations in CHEOPS data. We confirm the planetary nature of both bodies and find that TOI-1064 b has an orbital period of $P_{\rm b}=6.44387\pm0.00003$ d, a radius of $R_{\rm b}=2.59\pm0.04$ $R_{\oplus}$, and a mass of $M_{\rm b}=13.5_{-1.8}^{+1.7}$ $M_{\oplus}$, whilst TOI-1064 c has an orbital period of $P_{\rm c}=12.22657^{+0.00005}_{-0.00004}$ d, a radius of $R_{\rm c}=2.65\pm0.04$ $R_{\oplus}$, and a 3$\sigma$ upper mass limit of 8.5 ${\rm M_{\oplus}}$. From the high-precision photometry we obtain radius uncertainties of $\sim$1.6%, allowing us to conduct internal structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-1064 b is one of the densest, well-characterised sub-Neptunes, with a tenuous atmosphere that can be explained by the loss of a primordial envelope following migration through the protoplanetary disc. It is likely that TOI-1064 c has an extended atmosphere due to the tentative low density, however further RVs are needed to confirm this scenario and the similar radii, different masses nature of this system. The high-precision data and modelling of TOI-1064 b are important for planets in this region of mass-radius space, and it allows us to identify a trend in bulk density-stellar metallicity for massive sub-Neptunes that may hint at the formation of this population of planets., Comment: 30 pages, 24 figures, 6 tables including the Appendix; accepted for publication in MNRAS

Published
2022
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4. Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth $\nu^2$ Lupi d with $CHEOPS$

Author

Delrez, Laetitia, Ehrenreich, David, Alibert, Yann, Bonfanti, Andrea, Borsato, Luca, Fossati, Luca, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Salmon, Sébastien, Sulis, Sophia, Wilson, Thomas G., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bourrier, Vincent, Brandeker, Alexis, Charnoz, Sébastien, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Haldemann, Jonas, Hara, Nathan, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, Sousa, Sergio G., Van Grootel, Valérie, Alonso, Roi, Escudé, Guillem Anglada, Bárczy, Tamás, Barrado, David, Barros, Susana C. C., Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Bekkelien, Anja, Benz, Willy, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Broeg, Christopher, Cabrera, Juan, Cameron, Andrew Collier, Davies, Melvyn B., Deleuil, Magali, Delisle, Jean-Baptiste, Demangeon, Olivier D. S., Demory, Brice-Olivier, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Fridlund, Malcolm, Futyan, David, Gandolfi, Davide, Muñoz, Antonio Garcia, Gillon, Michaël, Guedel, Manuel, Heng, Kevin, Kiss, László, Laskar, Jacques, Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des, Lendl, Monika, Lovis, Christophe, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P., Pagano, Isabella, Pallé, Enric, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ribas, Ignasi, Santos, Nuno C., Scandariato, Gaetano, Ségransan, Damien, Simon, Attila E., Smith, Alexis M. S., Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula M., Thomas, Nicolas, Udry, Stéphane, and Walton, Nicholas A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior, and orbital properties of the planetary companions. $\nu^2$ Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye ($V = 5.78$) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6, and 107.6 days via radial velocity monitoring (Udry et al. 2019). The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit (Kane et al. 2020), prompting a photometric follow-up by the brand-new $CHaracterising\:ExOPlanets\:Satellite\:(CHEOPS)$. Here, we report that the outer planet d is also transiting, and measure its radius and mass to be $2.56\pm0.09$ $R_{\oplus}$ and $8.82\pm0.94$ $M_{\oplus}$, respectively. With its bright Sun-like star, long period, and mild irradiation ($\sim$5.7 times the irradiation of Earth), $\nu^2$ Lupi d unlocks a completely new region in the parameter space of exoplanets amenable to detailed characterization. We refine the properties of all three planets: planet b likely has a rocky mostly dry composition, while planets c and d seem to have retained small hydrogen-helium envelopes and a possibly large water fraction. This diversity of planetary compositions makes the $\nu^2$ Lupi system an excellent laboratory for testing formation and evolution models of low-mass planets., Comment: Published in Nature Astronomy. 60 pages, 18 Figures, 6 Tables. This is the authors' version of the manuscript. The final authenticated version is available online at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-021-01381-5

Published
2021
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5. The CHEOPS mission

Author

Benz, Willy, Broeg, Christopher, Fortier, Andrea, Rando, Nicola, Beck, Thomas, Beck, Mathias, Queloz, Didier, Ehrenreich, David, Maxted, Pierre, Isaak, Kate, Billot, Nicolas, Alibert, Yann, Alonso, Roi, António, Carlos, Asquier, Joel, Bandy, Timothy, Bárczy, Tamas, Barrado, David, Barros, Susana, Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Bekkelien, Anja, Bergomi, Maria, Biondi, Federico, Bonfils, Xavier, Borsato, Luca, Brandeker, Alexis, Busch, Martin-Diego, Cabrera, Juan, Cessa, Virginie, Charnoz, Sébastien, Chazelas, Bruno, Cameron, Andrew Collier, Van Damme, Carlos Corral, Cortes, David, Davies, Melvyn, Deleuil, Magali, Deline, Adrien, Delrez, Laetitia, Demangeon, Olivier, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Erikson, Anders, Farinato, Jacopo, Fossati, Luca, Fridlund, Malcolm, Futyan, David, Gandolfi, Davide, Munoz, Antonio Garcia, Gillon, Michaël, Guterman, Pascal, Gutierrez, Antonio, Hasiba, Johann, Heng, Kevin, Hernandez, Eduardo, Hoyer, Sergio, Kiss, Laszlo, Kovacs, Zsolt, Kuntzer, Thibault, Laskar, Jacques, Etangs, Alain Lecavelier des, Lendl, Monika, López, Amador, Lora, Ivan, Lovis, Christophe, Lüftinger, Theresa, Magrin, Demetrio, Malvasio, Luca, Marafatto, Luca, Michaelis, Harald, de Miguel, Diana, Modrego, David, Munari, Matteo, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Ottacher, Harald, Ottensamer, Roland, Pagano, Isabella, Palacios, Roberto, Pallé, Enric, Peter, Gisbert, Piazza, Daniele, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pizarro, Alberto, Pollaco, Don, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ratti, Francesco, Rauer, Heike, Ribas, Ignasi, Rieder, Martin, Rohlfs, Reiner, Safa, Frederic, Salatti, Mario, Santos, Nuno, Scandariato, Gaetano, Ségransan, Damien, Simon, Attila, Smith, Alexis, Sordet, Michael, Sousa, Sergio, Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula, Szoke, Janos, Thomas, Nicolas, Tschentscher, Matthias, Udry, Stéphane, Van Grootel, Valérie, Viotto, Valentina, Walter, Ingo, Walton, Nicholas, Wildi, François, and Wolter, David

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

The CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) was selected in 2012, as the first small mission in the ESA Science Programme and successfully launched in December 2019. CHEOPS is a partnership between ESA and Switzerland with important contributions by ten additional ESA Member States. CHEOPS is the first mission dedicated to search for transits of exoplanets using ultrahigh precision photometry on bright stars already known to host planets. As a follow-up mission, CHEOPS is mainly dedicated to improving, whenever possible, existing radii measurements or provide first accurate measurements for a subset of those planets for which the mass has already been estimated from ground-based spectroscopic surveys and to following phase curves. CHEOPS will provide prime targets for future spectroscopic atmospheric characterisation. Requirements on the photometric precision and stability have been derived for stars with magnitudes ranging from 6 to 12 in the V band. In particular, CHEOPS shall be able to detect Earth-size planets transiting G5 dwarf stars in the magnitude range between 6 and 9 by achieving a photometric precision of 20 ppm in 6 hours of integration. For K stars in the magnitude range between 9 and 12, CHEOPS shall be able to detect transiting Neptune-size planets achieving a photometric precision of 85 ppm in 3 hours of integration. This is achieved by using a single, frame-transfer, back-illuminated CCD detector at the focal plane assembly of a 33.5 cm diameter telescope. The 280 kg spacecraft has a pointing accuracy of about 1 arcsec rms and orbits on a sun-synchronous dusk-dawn orbit at 700 km altitude. The nominal mission lifetime is 3.5 years. During this period, 20% of the observing time is available to the community through a yearly call and a discretionary time programme managed by ESA., Comment: Submitted to Experimental Astronomy

Published
2020
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6. Detection of Neptune-size planetary candidates with CoRoT data. Comparison with the planet occurrence rate derived from Kepler

Author

Bonomo, Aldo S., Chabaud, Pierre-Yves, Deleuil, Magali, Moutou, Claire, Bouchy, François, Cabrera, Juan, Lanza, Antonino F., Mazeh, Tsevi, Aigrain, Suzanne, Alonso, Roi, Guterman, Pascal, Santerne, Alexandre, and Schneider, Jean

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

[Abridged] Context. The CoRoT space mission has been searching for transiting planets since the end of December 2006. Aims. We aim to investigate the capability of CoRoT to detect small-size transiting planets in short-period orbits, and to compare the number of CoRoT planets with 2 \leq R_p \leq 4 Rearth with the occurrence rate of small-size planets provided by the distribution of Kepler planetary candidates (Howard et al. 2012). Methods. We performed a test that simulates transits of super-Earths and Neptunes in real CoRoT light curves and searches for them blindly by using the LAM transit detection pipeline. Results. The CoRoT detection rate of planets with radius between 2 and 4 Rearth and orbital period P \leq 20 days is 59% (31%) around stars brighter than r'=14.0 (15.5). By properly taking the CoRoT detection rate for Neptune-size planets and the transit probability into account, we found that according to the Kepler planet occurrence rate, CoRoT should have discovered 12 \pm 2 Neptunes orbiting G and K dwarfs with P \leq 17 days in six observational runs. This estimate must be compared with the validated Neptune CoRoT-24b and five CoRoT planetary candidates in the considered range of planetary radii. We thus found a disagreement with expectations from Kepler at 3 \sigma or 5 \sigma, assuming a blend fraction of 0% (six Neptunes) and 100% (one Neptune) for these candidates. Conclusions. This underabundance of CoRoT Neptunes with respect to Kepler may be due to several reasons. Regardless of the origin of the disagreement, which needs to be investigated in more detail, the noticeable deficiency of CoRoT Neptunes at short orbital periods seems to indirectly support the general trend found in Kepler data, i.e. that the frequency of small-size planets increases with increasing orbital periods and decreasing planet radii., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2012
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7. LHS 1903 provides evidence for gas-depleted formation of planets around M-dwarfs

Author

Wilson, Thomas, primary, Simpson, Anna, additional, Cameron, Andrew Collier, additional, Cloutier, Ryan, additional, Adibekyan, Vardan, additional, John, Ancy Anna, additional, Alibert, Y, additional, Stalport, Manu, additional, Egger, J, additional, Bonfanti, Andrea, additional, Billot, Nicolas, additional, Guterman, Pascal, additional, Maxted, Pierre, additional, Simon, Attila, additional, Sousa, Sergio, additional, Fridlund, Malcolm, additional, Beck, M, additional, Bekkelien, Anja, additional, Salmon, S, additional, Grootel, Valerie Van, additional, Fossati, Luca, additional, Mustill, Alexander, additional, Osborn, Hugh, additional, Zingales, Tiziano, additional, Hooton, M, additional, Affer, Laura, additional, Aigrain, Suzanne, additional, Alonso, Roi, additional, Anglada-Escude, G, additional, Antoniadis-Karnavas, Alexandros, additional, Barczy, T, additional, Barrado, David, additional, Barros, Susana, additional, Baumjohann, Wolfgang, additional, Beck, T, additional, Benz, W, additional, Biondi, Federico, additional, Bonfils, Xavier, additional, Borsato, Luca, additional, Brandeker, Alexis, additional, Broeg, Christopher, additional, Buchhave, Lars, additional, Buder, Maximilian, additional, Cabrera, Juan, additional, Gaxiola, S Carrazco, additional, Charnoz, Sébastien, additional, Ciardi, David, additional, Collins, Karen, additional, Collins, Kevin, additional, Cosentino, Rosario, additional, Csizmadia, Szilard, additional, Cubillos, P, additional, Dalal, Shweta, additional, Damasso, Mario, additional, Davenport, James, additional, Davies, Melvyn, additional, Deleuil, Magali, additional, Delrez, L, additional, Demangeon, Olivier, additional, Demory, Brice-Olivier, additional, DiTomasso, Victoria, additional, Dragomir, Diana, additional, Dressing, Courtney, additional, Dumusque, Xavier, additional, Ehrenreich, David, additional, Erikson, Anders, additional, Esparza-Borges, Emma, additional, Fortier, Andrea, additional, Fukuda, Izuru, additional, Fukui, Akihiko, additional, Gandolfi, Davide, additional, Ghedina, Adriano, additional, Giacalone, Steven, additional, Gill, Holden, additional, Gillon, Michaël, additional, Chew, Y Gomez Maqueo, additional, Güdel, Manuel, additional, Guerra, Pere, additional, Günther, Maximilian, additional, Hara, Nathan, additional, Harutyunyan, Avet, additional, Hayashi, Yuya, additional, Haywood, Raphaëlle, additional, Holcomb, Rae, additional, Horne, Keith, additional, Hoyer, S, additional, Huang, Chelsea, additional, Ikoma, Masahiro, additional, Isaak, K, additional, Jackman, James, additional, Jenkins, Jon, additional, Jensen, Eric, additional, Jontof-Hutter, Daniel, additional, Kawai, Yugo, additional, Kiss, Laszlo, additional, Lakeland, Ben, additional, Laskar, J, additional, Latham, David, additional, des Etangs, Alain Lecavelier, additional, Leleu, Adrien, additional, Lendl, Monika, additional, de Leon, J, additional, Lienhard, Florian, additional, López-Morales, Mercedes, additional, Lovis, Christophe, additional, Lund, Michael, additional, Luque, Rafael, additional, Magrin, D, additional, Malavolta, Luca, additional, Fiorenzano, Aldo, additional, Mayo, Andrew, additional, Mayor, Michel, additional, Mordasini, C, additional, Mortier, Annelies, additional, Murgas, Felipe, additional, Narita, Norio, additional, Nascimbeni, Valerio, additional, Nicholson, Belinda, additional, Olofsson, Göran, additional, Ottensamer, Roland, additional, Pagano, Isabella, additional, Palethorpe, Larissa, additional, Palle, Enric, additional, Parviainen, Hannu, additional, Pedani, Marco, additional, Pepe, Francesco, additional, Peter, Gisbert, additional, Pinamonti, Matteo, additional, Piotto, Giampaolo, additional, Pollacco, Don, additional, Poretti, Ennio, additional, Queloz, Didier, additional, Quinn, Sam, additional, Ragazzoni, R, additional, Rando, N, additional, Rapetti, David, additional, Ratti, F, additional, Rauer, Heike, additional, Rescigno, Federica, additional, Ribas, Ignasi, additional, Rice, William, additional, Ricker, George, additional, Robertson, Paul, additional, de Roche, Thierry, additional, Sabin, L, additional, Santos, Nuno, additional, Sasselov, Dimitar, additional, Savel, Arjun, additional, Scandariato, Gaetano, additional, Schanche, Nicole, additional, Schroffenegger, Urs, additional, Schwarz, Richard, additional, Seager, Sara, additional, Sefako, Ramotholo, additional, Ségransan, Damien, additional, Shporer, Avi, additional, Silva, André, additional, Smith, Alexis, additional, Sozzetti, Alessandro, additional, Steller, Manfred, additional, Szabo, Gyula, additional, Tamura, Motohide, additional, Thomas, Nicolas, additional, Tuson, Amy, additional, Udry, Stéphane, additional, Vanderburg, Andrew, additional, Vanderspek, Roland, additional, Venturini, J, additional, Verrecchia, Francesco, additional, Walton, Nicholas, additional, Watson, Christopher, additional, Wells, Robert, additional, Winn, Joshua, additional, Zambelli, Roberto, additional, and Ziegler, Carl, additional

Published
2023
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8. Two warm Neptunes transiting HIP 9618 revealed by TESS and Cheops

Author

Osborn, Hugh P., Nowak, G., Hébrard, Guillaume, Masseron, Thomas, Lillo-Box, Jorge, Pallé, Enric, Bekkelien, Anja, Florén, Hans-Gustav, Guterman, Pascal, Simon, Attila E., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bieryla, Allyson, Borsato, Luca, Brandeker, Alexis, Ciardi, David R., Cameron, Andrew C., Collins, Karen A., Egger, Jo A., Gandolfi, Davide, Hooton, Matthew J., and Queloz, Didier

Subjects
detection, binaries: spectroscopic [surveys, eclipses, occultations, planets and satellites]
Abstract

HIP 9618 (HD 12572, TOI-1471, TIC 306263608) is a bright (G = 9.0 mag) solar analogue. TESS photometry revealed the star to have two candidate planets with radii of 3.9 ± 0.044 R (HIP 9618 b) and 3.343 ± 0.039 R (HIP 9618 c). While the 20.77291 d period of HIP 9618 b was measured unambiguously, HIP 9618 c showed only two transits separated by a 680-d gap in the time series, leaving many possibilities for the period. To solve this issue, CHEOPS performed targeted photometry of period aliases to attempt to recover the true period of planet c, and successfully determined the true period to be 52.56349 d. High-resolution spectroscopy with HARPS-N, SOPHIE, and CAFE revealed a mass of 10.0 ± 3.1M for HIP 9618 b, which, according to our interior structure models, corresponds to a 6.8 ± 1.4 per cent gas fraction. HIP 9618 c appears to have a lower mass than HIP 9618 b, with a 3-sigma upper limit of 50 d, opening the door for the atmospheric characterization of warm (Teq < 750 K) sub-Neptunes. ISSN:0035-8711 ISSN:1365-2966

Published
2023

9. The geometric albedo of the hot Jupiter HD 189733b measured with CHEOPS

Author

Krenn, Andreas F., Lendl, Monika, Patel, Jayshil A., Carone, Ludmila, Deleuil, Magalie, Sulis, Sophia, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Queloz, Didier, Fossati, Luca, Brandeker, Alexis, Heng, Kevin, Akinsanmi, Babatunde, Adibekyan, Vardan, Bonfanti, Andrea, Demangeon, Oliver D.S., Kitzmann, Daniel, Salmon, S., and Sousa, Sérgio G.

Subjects
planets and satellites: atmospheres, techniques: photometric, atmospheres, planets and satellites: individual: HD 189733b [planets and satellites], planets and satellites: individual: HD 189733b
Abstract

Context. Measurements of the occultation of an exoplanet at visible wavelengths allow us to determine the reflective properties of a planetary atmosphere. The observed occultation depth can be translated into a geometric albedo. This in turn aids in characterising the structure and composition of an atmosphere by providing additional information on the wavelength-dependent reflective qualities of the aerosols in the atmosphere. Aims. Our aim is to provide a precise measurement of the geometric albedo of the gas giant HD 189733b by measuring the occultation depth in the broad optical bandpass of CHEOPS (350-1100 nm). Methods. We analysed 13 observations of the occultation of HD 189733b performed by CHEOPS utilising the Python package PyCHEOPS. The resulting occultation depth is then used to infer the geometric albedo accounting for the contribution of thermal emission from the planet. We also aid the analysis by refining the transit parameters combining observations made by the TESS and CHEOPS space telescopes. Results. We report the detection of an 24.7 ± 4.5 ppm occultation in the CHEOPS observations. This occultation depth corresponds to a geometric albedo of 0.076 ± 0.016. Our measurement is consistent with models assuming the atmosphere of the planet to be cloud-free at the scattering level and absorption in the CHEOPS band to be dominated by the resonant Na doublet. Taking into account previous optical-light occultation observations obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope, both measurements combined are consistent with a super-stellar Na elemental abundance in the dayside atmosphere of HD 189733b. We further constrain the planetary Bond albedo to between 0.013 and 0.42 at 3σconfidence. Conclusions. We find that the reflective properties of the HD 189733b dayside atmosphere are consistent with a cloud-free atmosphere having a super-stellar metal content. When compared to an analogous CHEOPS measurement for HD 209458b, our data hint at a slightly lower geometric albedo for HD 189733b (0.076 ± 0.016) than for HD 209458b (0.096 ± 0.016), or a higher atmospheric Na content in the same modelling framework. While our constraint on the Bond albedo is consistent with previously published values, we note that the higher-end values of ∼0.4, as derived previously from infrared phase curves, would also require peculiarly high reflectance in the infrared, which again would make it more difficult to disentangle reflected and emitted light in the total observed flux, and therefore to correctly account for reflected light in the interpretation of those phase curves. Lower reported values for the Bond albedos are less affected by this ambiguity., Astronomy & Astrophysics, 672, ISSN:0004-6361, ISSN:1432-0746

Published
2023

10. A pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 characterized with CHEOPS

Author

Wilson, Thomas G, Goffo, Elisa, Alibert, Yann, Gandolfi, Davide, Bonfanti, Andrea, Persson, Carina M, Collier&nbsp, Cameron, Andrew, Fridlund, Malcolm, Fossati, Luca, Korth, Judith, Benz, Willy, Deline, Adrien, Florén, Hans-Gustav, Guterman, Pascal, Adibekyan, Vardan, Hooton, Matthew J, Hoyer, Sergio, Leleu, Adrien, Mustill, Alexander James, Salmon, Sébastien, Sousa, Sérgio G, Suarez, Olga, Abe, Lyu, Agabi, Abdelkrim, Alonso, Roi, Anglada, Guillem, Asquier, Joel, Bárczy, Tamas, Barradoundefined, Navascues, David, Barros, Susana C C, Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Beck, Thomas, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Brandeker, Alexis, Broeg, Christopher, Bryant, Edward M, Burleigh, Matthew R, Buttu, Marco, Cabrera, Juan, Charnoz, Sébastien, Ciardi, David R, Cloutier, Ryan, Cochran, William D, Collins, Karen A, Colón, Knicole D, Crouzet, Nicolas, Csizmadia, Szilard, Davies, Melvyn B, Deleuil, Magali, Delrez, Laetitia, Demangeon, Olivier, Demory, Brice-Olivier, Dragomir, Diana, Dransfield, Georgina, Ehrenreich, David, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Gan, Tianjun, Gill, Samuel, Gillon, Michaël, Gnilka, Crystal L, Grieves, Nolan, Grziwa, Sascha, Güdel, Manuel, Guillot, Tristan, Haldemann, Jonas, Heng, Kevin, Horne, Keith, Howell, Steve B, Isaak, Kate G, Jenkins, Jon M, Jensen, Eric L N, Kiss, Laszlo, Lacedelli, Gaia, Lam, Kristine, Laskar, Jacques, Latham, David W, Lecavelierundefined, desundefined, Etangs, Alain, Lendl, Monika, Lester, Kathryn V, Levine, Alan M, Livingston, John, Lovis, Christophe, Luque, Rafael, Magrin, Demetrio, Marie-Sainte, Wenceslas, Maxted, Pierre F L, Mayo, Andrew W, Mclean, Brian, Mecina, Marko, Mékarnia, Djamel, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nielsen, Louise D, Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P, Osborne, Hannah L M, Ottensamer, Roland, Pagano, Isabella, Pallé, Enric, Peter, Gisbert, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Rando, Nicola, Rauer, Heike, Redfield, Seth, Ribas, Ignasi, Ricker, George R, Rieder, Martin, Santos, Nuno C, Scandariato, Gaetano, Schmider, François-Xavier, Schwarz, Richard P, Scott, Nicholas J, Seager, Sara, Ségransan, Damien, Serrano, Luisa Maria, Simon, Attila E, Smith, Alexis M S, Steller, Manfred, Stockdale, Chris, Szabó, Gyula, Thomas, Nicolas, Ting, Eric B, Triaud, Amaury H M J, Udry, Stéphane, Vanundefined, Eylen, Vincent, Grootel, Valérie, Vanderspek, Roland K, Viotto, Valentina, Walton, Nicholas, Winn, Joshua N, European Commission, European Research Council, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Science and Technology Facilities Council (UK), Swiss National Science Foundation, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division technique INSU/SDU (DTI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Science & Technology Facilities Council, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, and University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science

Subjects
Gaia EDR3 6683371847364921088), 530 Physics, Planets and satellites: interiors, FOS: Physical sciences, stars individual, stars: individual: TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331, planets and satellites composition, techniques radial velocities, QB Astronomy, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), individual: TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331, Gaia EDR3 6683371847364921088) [Stars], QC, QB, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), MCC, radial velocities [Techniques], planets and satellites interiors, 520 Astronomy, photometric [Techniques], 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 3rd-DAS, Planets and satellites: detection, 620 Engineering, interiors [Planets and satellites], Planets and satellites: composition, techniques photometric, detection [Planets and satellites], QC Physics, planets and satellites detection, Stars: individual: TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331, Gaia EDR3 6683371847364921088), [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Techniques: radial velocities, composition [Planets and satellites], TOI-1064 TIC 79748331, Gaia EDR3 6683371847364921088, individual: TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331 [Stars], Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Techniques: photometric, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Full list of authors: Wilson, Thomas G.; Goffo, Elisa; Alibert, Yann; Gandolfi, Davide; Bonfanti, Andrea; Persson, Carina M.; Collier Cameron, Andrew; Fridlund, Malcolm; Fossati, Luca; Korth, Judith; Benz, Willy; Deline, Adrien; Florén, Hans-Gustav; Guterman, Pascal; Adibekyan, Vardan; Hooton, Matthew J.; Hoyer, Sergio; Leleu, Adrien; Mustill, Alexander James; Salmon, Sébastien; Sousa, Sérgio G.; Suarez, Olga; Abe, Lyu; Agabi, Abdelkrim; Alonso, Roi; Anglada, Guillem; Asquier, Joel; Bárczy, Tamas; Barrado Navascues, David; Barros, Susana C. C.; Baumjohann, Wolfgang; Beck, Mathias; Beck, Thomas; Billot, Nicolas; Bonfils, Xavier; Brandeker, Alexis; Broeg, Christopher; Bryant, Edward M.; Burleigh, Matthew R.; Buttu, Marco; Cabrera, Juan; Charnoz, Sébastien; Ciardi, David R.; Cloutier, Ryan; Cochran, William D.; Collins, Karen A.; Colón, Knicole D.; Crouzet, Nicolas; Csizmadia, Szilard; Davies, Melvyn B.; Deleuil, Magali; Delrez, Laetitia; Demangeon, Olivier; Demory, Brice-Olivier; Dragomir, Diana; Dransfield, Georgina; Ehrenreich, David; Erikson, Anders; Fortier, Andrea; Gan, Tianjun; Gill, Samuel; Gillon, Michaël; Gnilka, Crystal L.; Grieves, Nolan; Grziwa, Sascha; Güdel, Manuel; Guillot, Tristan; Haldemann, Jonas; Heng, Kevin; Horne, Keith; Howell, Steve B.; Isaak, Kate G.; Jenkins, Jon M.; Jensen, Eric L. N.; Kiss, Laszlo; Lacedelli, Gaia; Lam, Kristine; Laskar, Jacques; Latham, David W.; Lecavelier des Etangs, Alain; Lendl, Monika; Lester, Kathryn V.; Levine, Alan M.; Livingston, John; Lovis, Christophe; Luque, Rafael; Magrin, Demetrio; Marie-Sainte, Wenceslas; Maxted, Pierre F. L.; Mayo, Andrew W.; McLean, Brian; Mecina, Marko; Mékarnia, Djamel; Nascimbeni, Valerio; Nielsen, Louise D.; Olofsson, Göran; Osborn, Hugh P.; Osborne, Hannah L. M.; Ottensamer, Roland; Pagano, Isabella; Pallé, Enric; Peter, Gisbert; Piotto, Giampaolo; Pollacco, Don; Queloz, Didier; Ragazzoni, Roberto; Rando, Nicola; Rauer, Heike; Redfield, Seth; Ribas, Ignasi; Ricker, George R.; Rieder, Martin; Santos, Nuno C.; Scandariato, Gaetano; Schmider, François-Xavier; Schwarz, Richard P.; Scott, Nicholas J.; Seager, Sara; Ségransan, Damien; Serrano, Luisa Maria; Simon, Attila E.; Smith, Alexis M. S.; Steller, Manfred; Stockdale, Chris; Szabó, Gyula; Thomas, Nicolas; Ting, Eric B.; Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.; Udry, Stéphane; Van Eylen, Vincent; Van Grootel, Valérie; Vanderspek, Roland K.; Viotto, Valentina; Walton, Nicholas; Winn, Joshua N., We report the discovery and characterization of a pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331), initially detected in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry. To characterize the system, we performed and retrieved the CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite (CHEOPS), TESS, and ground-based photometry, the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) high-resolution spectroscopy, and Gemini speckle imaging. We characterize the host star and determine Teff,⋆=4734±67K⁠, R⋆=0.726±0.007R⊙⁠, and M⋆=0.748±0.032M⊙⁠. We present a novel detrending method based on point spread function shape-change modelling and demonstrate its suitability to correct flux variations in CHEOPS data. We confirm the planetary nature of both bodies and find that TOI-1064 b has an orbital period of Pb = 6.44387 ± 0.00003 d, a radius of Rb = 2.59 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a mass of Mb=13.5+1.7−1.8 M⊕, whilst TOI-1064 c has an orbital period of Pc=12.22657+0.00005−0.00004 d, a radius of Rc = 2.65 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.5 M⊕. From the high-precision photometry we obtain radius uncertainties of ∼1.6 per cent, allowing us to conduct internal structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-1064 b is one of the densest, well-characterized sub-Neptunes, with a tenuous atmosphere that can be explained by the loss of a primordial envelope following migration through the protoplanetary disc. It is likely that TOI-1064 c has an extended atmosphere due to the tentative low density, however further radial velocities are needed to confirm this scenario and the similar radii, different masses nature of this system. The high-precision data and modelling of TOI-1064 b are important for planets in this region of mass–radius space, and it allow us to identify a trend in bulk density–stellar metallicity for massive sub-Neptunes that may hint at the formation of this population of planets. © The Author(s) 2022., This study is based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Observatory under program ID 1102.C-0923. CHEOPS is an ESA mission in partnership with Switzerland with important contributions to the payload and the ground segment from Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, and the UK. The CHEOPS Consortium would like to gratefully acknowledge the support received by all the agencies, offices, universities, and industries involved. Their flexibility and willingness to explore new approaches were essential to the success of this mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by NASA Science Mission Directorate. We acknowledge the use of public TESS data from pipelines at the TESS Science Office and at the TESS Science Processing Operations Center. This research has made use of the Exoplanet Follow-up Observation Program website, which is operated by the California Institute of Technology, under contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under the Exoplanet Exploration Program. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. Part of this work was done using data taken by KESPRINT, an international consortium devoted to the characterization and research of exoplanets discovered with space-based missions (http://www.kesprint.science/). This work makes use of observations from the LCOGT network. Part of the LCOGT telescope time was granted by NOIRLab through the Mid-Scale Innovations Program (MSIP). MSIP is funded by NSF. This study is based on data collected under the NGTS project at the ESO La Silla Paranal Observatory. The NGTS facility is operated by the consortium institutes with support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) projects ST/M001962/1 and ST/S002642/1. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This work makes use of observations from the ASTEP telescope. ASTEP benefited from the support of the French and Italian polar agencies IPEV and PNRA in the framework of the Concordia station program and from Idex UCAJEDI (ANR-15-IDEX-01). Some of the observations in the paper made use of the High-Resolution Imaging instrument Zorro. Zorro was funded by the NASA Exoplanet Exploration Program and built at the NASA Ames Research Center by Steve B. Howell, Nic Scott, Elliott P. Horch, and Emmett Quigley. Zorro was mounted on the Gemini-South telescope of the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF’s OIR Lab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini partnership: the National Science Foundation (USA), National Research Council Canada (Canada), Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações (Brazil), and Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea). TGW, ACC, and KH acknowledge support from STFC consolidated grant numbers ST/R000824/1 and ST/V000861/1, and UKSA grant ST/R003203/1. YA and MJH acknowledge the support of the Swiss National Fund under grant 200020_172746. DG and LMS gratefully acknowledge financial support from the CRT Foundation under grant no. 2018.2323 ‘Gaseous or rocky? Unveiling the nature of small worlds’. DG, MF, XB, SC, and JL acknowledge their roles as ESA-appointed CHEOPS science team members. CMP, MF, JK, and AJM gratefully acknowledge the support of the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA; DNR 65/19, 174/18, 2020-00104, and Career grant 120/19C). ADe and DE acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (project fOURaCES; grant agreement no. 724427). ADe, ALe, and HO acknowledge support from the Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research ‘PlanetS’ and the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF). SH gratefully acknowledges CNES funding through the grant 837319. SES have received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 833925, project STAREX). SGS acknowledges support from FCT through FCT contract no. CEECIND/00826/2018 and POPH/FSE (EC). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund through grants ESP2016-80435-C2-1-R, ESP2016-80435-C2-2-R, PGC2018-098153-B-C33, PGC2018-098153-B-C31, ESP2017-87676-C5-1-R, MDM-2017-0737 Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu-Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC), and the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme. The MOC activities have been supported by the ESA contract no. 4000124370. SCCB and VA acknowledge support from FCT through FCT contracts no. IF/01312/2014/CP1215/CT0004 and IF/00650/2015/CP1273/CT0001, respectively. ABr was supported by the SNSA. This project was supported by the CNES. LD is an F.R.S.-FNRS Postdoctoral Researcher. The Belgian participation to CHEOPS has been supported by the Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (BELSPO) in the framework of the PRODEX Program, and by the University of Liège through an ARC grant for Concerted Research Actions financed by the Wallonia-Brussels Federation. This work was supported by FCT – Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia – through national funds and by FEDER through COMPETE2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacão by these grants: UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020, UIDP/04434/2020, PTDC/FIS-AST/32113/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-032113, PTDC/FIS-AST/28953/2017 & POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028953, PTDC/FIS-AST/28987/2017, and POCI-01-0145-FEDER-028987, ODSD is supported in the form of work contract (DL 57/2016/CP1364/CT0004) funded by national funds through FCT. B-OD acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (PP00P2-190080). DD acknowledges support from the TESS Guest Investigator Program grant 80NSSC19K1727 and NASA Exoplanet Research Program grant 18-2XRP18_2-0136. MG is an F.R.S.-FNRS Senior Research Associate. KGI is the ESA CHEOPS Project Scientist and is responsible for the ESA CHEOPS Guest Observers Programme. She does not participate in, or contribute to, the definition of the Guaranteed Time Programme of the CHEOPS mission through which observations described in this paper have been taken, nor to any aspect of target selection for the programme. GL acknowledges support by CARIPARO Foundation, according to the agreement CARIPARO-Universitá degli Studi di Padova (Pratica no. 2018/0098). This work was granted access to the HPC resources of MesoPSL financed by the Region Ile de France and the project Equip@Meso (reference ANR-10-EQPX-29-01) of the programme Investissements d’Avenir supervised by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche. ML acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant no. PCEFP2_194576. PFLM acknowledges support from STFC research grant number ST/M001040/1. LDN thanks the Swiss National Science Foundation for support under Early Postdoc. Mobility grant P2GEP2_200044. This work was also partially supported by a grant from the Simons Foundation (PI: Queloz, grant number 327127). IR acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund through grant PGC2018-098153-B-C33, as well as the support of the Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme. This project has been supported by the Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office (NKFIH) grant K-125015, the MTA-ELTE Lendület Milky Way Research Group, and the City of Szombathely under agreement no. 67.177-21/2016. This research received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme (grant agreement no. 803193/BEBOP), and from the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC; grant no. ST/S00193X/1). VVG is an F.R.S-FNRS Research Associate., With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709.

Published
2022

11. fBLS — a fast folding algorithm to produce BLS periodograms in search for transiting planets

Author

Shahaf, Sahar, Zackay, Barak, Guterman, Pascal, Tsevi Mazeh, Zucker, Shay, and Simchon Faigler

Abstract

We present fBLS – a novel technique for detecting transiting planets. fBLS is based on the fast-folding algorithm (FFA; Staelin 1969), extensively used in pulsar astronomy (e.g., Morello et al. 2020). fBLS simultaneously produces all the binned phase-folded lightcurves for an array of Np ‘sufficiently different’ trial periods, with O(Np*log(N)) arithmetic operations (while regular BLS requires O(Np*N) operations). We compute the standard BLS statistic for each folded lightcurve produced by fBLS, creating a standard BLS periodogram. We present fBLS capabilities by applying it to Kepler data, finding known and new planets. When applied to PLATO lightcurves, it will detect small rocky transiting planets, with periods shorter than one day, a period range for which the computation is extensive. fBLS will also be used to detect transiting planets with varying duration and transit timing., {"references":["Staelin D. H., 1969, Proceedings of the IEEE, 57, 724","Morello V., Barr E. D., Stappers B. W., Keane E. F., Lyne A. G., 2020,MNRAS, 497, 4654","Kovács G., Zucker S., Mazeh T., 2002, A&A, 391, 369","Shahaf S., Mazeh T., Zucker S., Fabrycky D., 2021, MNRAS, 505, 1293","Winn J. N., Sanchis-Ojeda R., Rappaport S., 2018, New Astron. Rev., 83, 37"]}

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth ν2 Lupi d with CHEOPS

Author

Delrez, Laetitia, primary, Ehrenreich, David, additional, Alibert, Yann, additional, Bonfanti, Andrea, additional, Borsato, Luca, additional, Fossati, Luca, additional, Hooton, Matthew J., additional, Hoyer, Sergio, additional, Pozuelos, Francisco J., additional, Salmon, Sébastien, additional, Sulis, Sophia, additional, Wilson, Thomas G., additional, Adibekyan, Vardan, additional, Bourrier, Vincent, additional, Brandeker, Alexis, additional, Charnoz, Sébastien, additional, Deline, Adrien, additional, Guterman, Pascal, additional, Haldemann, Jonas, additional, Hara, Nathan, additional, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, additional, Sousa, Sergio G., additional, Van Grootel, Valérie, additional, Alonso, Roi, additional, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, additional, Bárczy, Tamás, additional, Barrado, David, additional, Barros, Susana C. C., additional, Baumjohann, Wolfgang, additional, Beck, Mathias, additional, Bekkelien, Anja, additional, Benz, Willy, additional, Billot, Nicolas, additional, Bonfils, Xavier, additional, Broeg, Christopher, additional, Cabrera, Juan, additional, Collier Cameron, Andrew, additional, Davies, Melvyn B., additional, Deleuil, Magali, additional, Delisle, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Demangeon, Olivier D. S., additional, Demory, Brice-Olivier, additional, Erikson, Anders, additional, Fortier, Andrea, additional, Fridlund, Malcolm, additional, Futyan, David, additional, Gandolfi, Davide, additional, Garcia Muñoz, Antonio, additional, Gillon, Michaël, additional, Guedel, Manuel, additional, Heng, Kevin, additional, Kiss, László, additional, Laskar, Jacques, additional, Lecavelier des Etangs, Alain, additional, Lendl, Monika, additional, Lovis, Christophe, additional, Maxted, Pierre F. L., additional, Nascimbeni, Valerio, additional, Olofsson, Göran, additional, Osborn, Hugh P., additional, Pagano, Isabella, additional, Pallé, Enric, additional, Piotto, Giampaolo, additional, Pollacco, Don, additional, Queloz, Didier, additional, Rauer, Heike, additional, Ragazzoni, Roberto, additional, Ribas, Ignasi, additional, Santos, Nuno C., additional, Scandariato, Gaetano, additional, Ségransan, Damien, additional, Simon, Attila E., additional, Smith, Alexis M. S., additional, Steller, Manfred, additional, Szabó, Gyula M., additional, Thomas, Nicolas, additional, Udry, Stéphane, additional, and Walton, Nicholas A., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth ν² Lupi d with CHEOPS

Author

Delrez, Laetitia, Ehrenreich, David, Alibert, Yann, Bonfanti, Andrea, Borsato, Luca, Fossati, Luca, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Salmon, Sébastien, Sulis, Sophia, Wilson, Thomas G., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bourrier, Vincent, Brandeker, Alexis, Charnoz, Sebastien, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Haldemann, Jonas, Hara, Nathan, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, Sousa, Sérgio G., Van Grootel, Valérie, Alonso Sobrino, Roi, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Bárczy, Tamás, Barrado, David, Barros, Susana C.C., Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Bekkelien, Anja, Benz, Willy, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Broeg, Christopher, Cabrera Perez, Juan, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Davies, Melvyn. B., Deleuil, Magali, Delisle, Jean-Baptiste, Demangeon, Olivier D.S., Demory, Brice-Olivier, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Fridlund, Malcolm, Futyan, David, Gandolfi, Davide, Garcia Muñoz, Antonio, Gillon, Michael, Guedel, Manuel, Heng, Kevin, Kiss, Laszlo, Laskar, Jacques, Lecavelier des Etangs, Alain, Lendl, Monika, Lovis, Christophe, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P., Pagano, Isabella, Palle, Enric, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ribas, Ignasi, Santos, Nuno C., Scandariato, Gaetano, Ségransan, Damien, Simon, Attila E., Smith, Alexis M S, Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula M., Thomas, Nicolas, Udry, Stephane, and Walton, Nicholas A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Published
2021

14. fBLS \textemdash a fast folding algorithm to produce BLS periodograms in search for transiting planets

Author

Shahaf, Sahar, Zackay, Barak, Guterman, Pascal, Mazeh, Tsevi, Zucker, Shay, Faigler, Simchon, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Zenodo community plato2021
Abstract

International audience; We present fBLS \textendash a novel technique for detecting transiting planets. fBLS is based on the fast-folding algorithm (FFA; Staelin 1969), extensively used in pulsar astronomy (e.g., Morello et al. 2020). fBLS simultaneously produces all the binned phase-folded lightcurves for an array of Np 'sufficiently different' trial periods, with O(Np*log(N)) arithmetic operations (while regular BLS requires O(Np*N) operations). We compute the standard BLS statistic for each folded lightcurve produced by fBLS, creating a standard BLS periodogram. We present fBLS capabilities by applying it to Kepler data, finding known and new planets. When applied to PLATO lightcurves, it will detect small rocky transiting planets, with periods shorter than one day, a period range for which the computation is extensive. fBLS will also be used to detect transiting planets with varying duration and transit timing.

Published
2021

15. Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth nu(2) Lupi d with CHEOPS

Author

Delrez, Laetitia, Ehrenreich, David, Alibert, Yann, Bonfanti, Andrea, Borsato, Luca, Fossati, Luca, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Salmon, Sébastien, Sulis, Sophia, Wilson, Thomas G., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bourrier, Vincent, Brandeker, Alexis, Charnoz, Sébastien, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Haldemann, Jonas, Hara, Nathan, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, Sousa, Sergio G., Van Grootel, Valérie, Alonso, Roi, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Bárczy, Tamás, Barrado, David, Barros, Susana C. C., Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Bekkelien, Anja, Benz, Willy, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Broeg, Christopher, Cabrera, Juan, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Davies, Melvyn B., Deleuil, Magali, Delisle, Jean-Baptiste, Demangeon, Olivier D. S., Demory, Brice-Olivier, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Fridlund, Malcolm, Futyan, David, Gandolfi, Davide, Garcia Muñoz, Antonio, Gillon, Michael, Guedel, Manuel, Heng, Kevin, Kiss, László, Laskar, Jacques, Lecavelier des Etangs, Alain, Lendl, Monika, Lovis, Christophe, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P., Pagano, Isabella, Pallé, Enric, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ribas, Ignasi, Santos, Nuno C., Scandariato, Gaetano, Ségransan, Damien, Simon, Attila E., Smith, Alexis M. S., Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula M., Thomas, Nicolas, Udry, Stéphane, Walton, Nicholas A., Delrez, Laetitia, Ehrenreich, David, Alibert, Yann, Bonfanti, Andrea, Borsato, Luca, Fossati, Luca, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Salmon, Sébastien, Sulis, Sophia, Wilson, Thomas G., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bourrier, Vincent, Brandeker, Alexis, Charnoz, Sébastien, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Haldemann, Jonas, Hara, Nathan, Oshagh, Mahmoudreza, Sousa, Sergio G., Van Grootel, Valérie, Alonso, Roi, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Bárczy, Tamás, Barrado, David, Barros, Susana C. C., Baumjohann, Wolfgang, Beck, Mathias, Bekkelien, Anja, Benz, Willy, Billot, Nicolas, Bonfils, Xavier, Broeg, Christopher, Cabrera, Juan, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Davies, Melvyn B., Deleuil, Magali, Delisle, Jean-Baptiste, Demangeon, Olivier D. S., Demory, Brice-Olivier, Erikson, Anders, Fortier, Andrea, Fridlund, Malcolm, Futyan, David, Gandolfi, Davide, Garcia Muñoz, Antonio, Gillon, Michael, Guedel, Manuel, Heng, Kevin, Kiss, László, Laskar, Jacques, Lecavelier des Etangs, Alain, Lendl, Monika, Lovis, Christophe, Maxted, Pierre F. L., Nascimbeni, Valerio, Olofsson, Göran, Osborn, Hugh P., Pagano, Isabella, Pallé, Enric, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pollacco, Don, Queloz, Didier, Rauer, Heike, Ragazzoni, Roberto, Ribas, Ignasi, Santos, Nuno C., Scandariato, Gaetano, Ségransan, Damien, Simon, Attila E., Smith, Alexis M. S., Steller, Manfred, Szabó, Gyula M., Thomas, Nicolas, Udry, Stéphane, and Walton, Nicholas A.

Abstract

Exoplanets transiting bright nearby stars are key objects for advancing our knowledge of planetary formation and evolution. The wealth of photons from the host star gives detailed access to the atmospheric, interior and orbital properties of the planetary companions. nu(2) Lupi (HD 136352) is a naked-eye (V = 5.78) Sun-like star that was discovered to host three low-mass planets with orbital periods of 11.6, 27.6 and 107.6 d via radial-velocity monitoring(1). The two inner planets (b and c) were recently found to transit(2), prompting a photometric follow-up by the brand new Characterising Exoplanets Satellite (CHEOPS). Here, we report that the outer planet d is also transiting, and measure its radius and mass to be 2.56 +/- 0.09 R-circle plus and 8.82 +/- 0.94 M-circle plus, respectively. With its bright Sun-like star, long period and mild irradiation (similar to 5.7 times the irradiation of Earth), nu(2) Lupi d unlocks a completely new region in the parameter space of exoplanets amenable to detailed characterization. We refine the properties of all three planets: planet b probably has a rocky mostly dry composition, while planets c and d seem to have retained small hydrogen-helium envelopes and a possibly large water fraction. This diversity of planetary compositions makes the nu(2) Lupi system an excellent laboratory for testing formation and evolution models of low-mass planets.

Published
2021
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16. pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 characterized with CHEOPS.

Author

Wilson, Thomas G, Goffo, Elisa, Alibert, Yann, Gandolfi, Davide, Bonfanti, Andrea, Persson, Carina M, Collier Cameron, Andrew, Fridlund, Malcolm, Fossati, Luca, Korth, Judith, Benz, Willy, Deline, Adrien, Florén, Hans-Gustav, Guterman, Pascal, Adibekyan, Vardan, Hooton, Matthew J, Hoyer, Sergio, Leleu, Adrien, Mustill, Alexander James, and Salmon, Sébastien

Subjects
SPECKLE interferometry, ORIGIN of planets, PROTOPLANETARY disks, ATMOSPHERIC models, TELECOMMUNICATION satellites, SPECKLE interference, DWARF stars
Abstract

We report the discovery and characterization of a pair of sub-Neptunes transiting the bright K-dwarf TOI-1064 (TIC 79748331), initially detected in the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry. To characterize the system, we performed and retrieved the CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite (CHEOPS), TESS , and ground-based photometry, the High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) high-resolution spectroscopy, and Gemini speckle imaging. We characterize the host star and determine |$T_{\rm eff, \star }=4734\pm 67\,\mathrm{ K}$|⁠ , |$R_{\star }=0.726\pm 0.007\, \mathrm{ R}_{\odot }$|⁠ , and |$M_{\star }=0.748\pm 0.032\, \mathrm{ M}_{\odot }$|⁠. We present a novel detrending method based on point spread function shape-change modelling and demonstrate its suitability to correct flux variations in CHEOPS data. We confirm the planetary nature of both bodies and find that TOI-1064 b has an orbital period of P b = 6.44387 ± 0.00003 d, a radius of R b = 2.59 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a mass of |$M_{\rm b} = 13.5_{-1.8}^{+1.7}$|  M⊕, whilst TOI-1064 c has an orbital period of |$P_{\rm c} = 12.22657^{+0.00005}_{-0.00004}$|  d, a radius of R c = 2.65 ± 0.04 R⊕, and a 3σ upper mass limit of 8.5 M⊕. From the high-precision photometry we obtain radius uncertainties of ∼1.6 per cent, allowing us to conduct internal structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-1064 b is one of the densest, well-characterized sub-Neptunes, with a tenuous atmosphere that can be explained by the loss of a primordial envelope following migration through the protoplanetary disc. It is likely that TOI-1064 c has an extended atmosphere due to the tentative low density, however further radial velocities are needed to confirm this scenario and the similar radii, different masses nature of this system. The high-precision data and modelling of TOI-1064 b are important for planets in this region of mass–radius space, and it allow us to identify a trend in bulk density–stellar metallicity for massive sub-Neptunes that may hint at the formation of this population of planets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. Transit detection of the long-period volatile-rich super-Earth ν2 Lupi d with CHEOPS.

Author

Delrez, Laetitia, Ehrenreich, David, Alibert, Yann, Bonfanti, Andrea, Borsato, Luca, Fossati, Luca, Hooton, Matthew J., Hoyer, Sergio, Pozuelos, Francisco J., Salmon, Sébastien, Sulis, Sophia, Wilson, Thomas G., Adibekyan, Vardan, Bourrier, Vincent, Brandeker, Alexis, Charnoz, Sébastien, Deline, Adrien, Guterman, Pascal, Haldemann, Jonas, and Hara, Nathan

Published
2021
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18. Photometric Masks and Transits Detection for the CoRoT mission

Author

Guterman, Pascal and Guterman, Pascal

Subjects
analyse de formes, CoRoT, exoplanets, photometry, photométrie, pattern analysis, image, exoplanètes, signal, [SPI.SIGNAL] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

The Corot mini-satellite to be launched in 2006 uses the transits method : An exoplanet signs its crossing in front of its star by a short drop in light curve with amplitude smaller than 1 per 1000. The stability and continuity of measurement will be ensured over 150 days for 60.000 stars in order to increase the number of favorable configurations. The aperture photometry integrates each star flux inside a reading mask adapted to all noises, but limited to 250 different shapes for 12.000 targets. I studied methods allowing to lead this reduction keeping low S/N loss. The sorting of random masks appears to be the most efficient. For detection, I developed a method to raise the contrast of transits by eliminating components of collective effects and of some artifacts. After temporal detection the systematics are identified, even those of unknown origin and weights. Then new detections arise by assessing dispersion around these components., Le mini-satellite Corot lancé en 2006 utilisera la méthode des transits : Une exoplanète signe son passage devant l'étoile par une brève baisse de flux inférieure au millième. La stabilité et continuité de mesure seront assurées sur 150 jours pour 60.000 étoiles afin d'augmenter le nombre de configurations favorables. La photométrie d'ouverture intègre chaque flux dans un masque de lecture adapté aux multiples bruits, limité `a 250 formes différentes pour 12.000 cibles. J'ai étudié des méthodes autorisant cette réduction sans perte notable de signal `a bruit. Le tri efficace de masques aléatoires s'avère la plus satisfaisante. Pour la détection, j'ai développé une méthode qui rehausse le contraste des transits en éliminant les composantes des effets collectifs et de certains artefacts. Après détection temporelle les systématiques sont identifiées, même celles d'origine et de poids inconnus. On fait émerger de nouvelles détections en jaugeant la dispersion autour de ces composantes.

Published
2005

19. HF radar in French Mediterranean Sea: an element of MOOSE Mediterranean Ocean Observing System on Environment

Author

Quentin, Céline Gwenaëlle, Barbin, Yves, Bellomo, Lucio, Forget, Philippe, Gagelli, Joël, Grosdidier, Samuel, Guérin, Charles-Antoine, Guihou, Karen, Marmain, Julien, Molcard, A., Zakardjian, Bruno, Guterman, Pascal, Bernardet, Karim, OPLC, Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Division technique INSU/SDU (DTI), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph]
Abstract

International audience; In the framework of the French MOOSE project (Mediterranean Ocean Observing System on Environment), the Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography is operating HF radars on the North Western Mediterranean coast. The surface circulation in this region is characterized by a large-scale flow (Northern Current) and by a broad range of other scales of variability induced by meteorological and tidal forcing. The ability of HF radars is to provide synoptic observation as sea surface current map every hour and over long distances. One site is already operational nearby Toulon for more than two years and a second one is in deployment around Nice. This paper gives an overview of the radars network, of the surface current mapping facility offered by the system, and of recent observation results and applications.

Published
2013

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