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601 results on '"Guthrie, G"'

1. Using Machine Learning to Discern Eruption in Noisy Environments: A Case Study using CO2-driven Cold-Water Geyser in Chimayo, New Mexico

Author

Yuan, B., Tan, Y. J., Mudunuru, M. K., Marcillo, O. E., Delorey, A. A., Roberts, P. M., Webster, J. D., Gammans, C. N. L., Karra, S., Guthrie, G. D., and Johnson, P. A.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Signal Processing, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Physics - Geophysics, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

We present an approach based on machine learning (ML) to distinguish eruption and precursory signals of Chimay\'{o} geyser (New Mexico, USA) under noisy environments. This geyser can be considered as a natural analog of $\mathrm{CO}_2$ intrusion into shallow water aquifers. By studying this geyser, we can understand upwelling of $\mathrm{CO}_2$-rich fluids from depth, which has relevance to leak monitoring in a $\mathrm{CO}_2$ sequestration project. ML methods such as Random Forests (RF) are known to be robust multi-class classifiers and perform well under unfavorable noisy conditions. However, the extent of the RF method's accuracy is poorly understood for this $\mathrm{CO}_2$-driven geysering application. The current study aims to quantify the performance of RF-classifiers to discern the geyser state. Towards this goal, we first present the data collected from the seismometer that is installed near the Chimay\'{o} geyser. The seismic signals collected at this site contain different types of noises such as daily temperature variations, seasonal trends, animal movement near the geyser, and human activity. First, we filter the signals from these noises by combining the Butterworth-Highpass filter and an Autoregressive method in a multi-level fashion. We show that by combining these filtering techniques, in a hierarchical fashion, leads to reduction in the noise in the seismic data without removing the precursors and eruption event signals. We then use RF on the filtered data to classify the state of geyser into three classes -- remnant noise, precursor, and eruption states. We show that the classification accuracy using RF on the filtered data is greater than 90\%.These aspects make the proposed ML framework attractive for event discrimination and signal enhancement under noisy conditions, with strong potential for application to monitoring leaks in $\mathrm{CO}_2$ sequestration., Comment: 16 pages,7 figures

Published
2018

2. Optimal design of 3D borehole seismic arrays for microearthquake monitoring in anisotropic media during stimulations in the EGS collab project

Author

Chen, Yu, Huang, Lianjie, Ajo-Franklin, J, Bauer, SJ, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, ST, Burghardt, JA, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Dobson, PF, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Foris, A, Frash, LP, Frone, Z, Fu, P, Gao, K, Ghassemi, A, Gudmundsdottir, H, Guglielmi, Y, Guthrie, G, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Herrick, CG, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Huang, L, Im, K, Ingraham, M, Johnson, TC, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Kneafsey, T, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, K, Lopez, R, Maceira, M, Makedonska, N, Marone, C, Mattson, E, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Morris, JP, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Oldenburg, CM, Pan, W, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, Pietzyk, B, Podgorney, R, Polsky, Y, Porse, S, Richard, S, Roberts, BQ, Robertson, M, Roggenthen, W, Rutqvist, J, Rynders, D, Santos-Villalobos, H, Schoenball, M, Schwering, P, Sesetty, V, Singh, A, Smith, MM, Sone, H, Strickland, CE, Su, J, Ulrich, C, Uzunlar, N, Vachaparampil, A, Valladao, CA, Vandermeer, W, Vandine, G, Vardiman, D, and Vermeul, VR

Subjects
Anisotropic media, Borehole monitoring, Enhanced geothermal systems, Focal mechanism, Hypocenter location, Microearthquake, Optimal design, Geochemistry & Geophysics, Geology, Geophysics, Resources Engineering and Extractive Metallurgy
Published
2019

3. EGS Collab project: Status, tests, and data

Author

Kneafsey, TJ, Dobson, PF, Ajo-Franklin, JB, Guglielmi, Y, Valladao, CA, Blankenship, DA, Schwering, PC, Knox, HA, White, MD, Johnson, TC, Strickland, CE, Vermuel, VR, Morris, JP, Fu, P, Mattson, E, Neupane, GH, Podgorney, RK, Doe, TW, Huang, L, Frash, LP, Ghassemi, A, Roggenthen, W, Bauer, SJ, Baumgartner, T, Beckers, K, Blankenship, D, Bonneville, A, Boyd, L, Brown, S, Brown, ST, Burghardt, JA, Chen, T, Chen, Y, Condon, K, Cook, PJ, Crandall, D, Doe, T, Doughty, CA, Elsworth, D, Feldman, J, Foris, A, Frone, Z, Gao, K, Gudmundsdottir, H, Guthrie, G, Haimson, B, Hawkins, A, Heise, J, Horn, M, Horne, RN, Horner, J, Hu, M, Huang, H, Im, KJ, Ingraham, M, Jayne, RS, Johnston, B, Karra, S, Kim, K, King, DK, Knox, H, Knox, J, Kumar, D, Kutun, K, Lee, M, Li, K, Lopez, R, Maceira, M, Mackey, P, Makedonska, N, Marone, CJ, McClure, MW, McLennan, J, McLing, T, Medler, C, Mellors, RJ, Metcalfe, E, Miskimins, J, Moore, J, Nakagawa, S, Neupane, G, Newman, G, Nieto, A, Oldenburg, CM, Pan, W, Paronish, T, Pawar, R, Petrov, P, and Pietzyk, B

Abstract

Copyright 2019 ARMA, American Rock Mechanics Association. The EGS (Enhanced Geothermal Systems) Collab project is performing stimulation and flow experiments in highly-monitored and well-characterized intermediate-scale (approximately10 to 20 meter) field test beds at a depth of approximately 1,500 meters in the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) in the Black Hills of South Dakota. Our fracture stimulation and interwell flow tests are performed to better understand processes that control formation of effective subsurface heat exchangers that are critical to the development and success of EGS. Different EGS Collab stimulations will be performed under dissimilar stress conditions to produce data for model comparisons that better differentiate stimulation mechanisms and the evolution of permeability enhancement in crystalline rock. EGS Collab experiments provide a means of testing tools, concepts, and strategies that could later be employed under geothermal reservoir conditions at DOE’s Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy (FORGE) and other enhanced geothermal systems. Key to the project is using numerical simulations in the experiment design and interpretation of

Published
2019

5. Regression-based reduced-order models to predict transient thermal output for enhanced geothermal systems

Author

Mudunuru, M. K., Karra, S., Harp, D. R., Guthrie, G. D., and Viswanathan, H. S.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis, Physics - Computational Physics, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

The goal of this paper is to assess the utility of Reduced-Order Models (ROMs) developed from 3D physics-based models for predicting transient thermal power output for an enhanced geothermal reservoir while explicitly accounting for uncertainties in the subsurface system and site-specific details. Numerical simulations are performed based on Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) of model inputs drawn from uniform probability distributions. Key sensitive parameters are identified from these simulations, which are fracture zone permeability, well/skin factor, bottom hole pressure, and injection flow rate. The inputs for ROMs are based on these key sensitive parameters. The ROMs are then used to evaluate the influence of subsurface attributes on thermal power production curves. The resulting ROMs are compared with field-data and the detailed physics-based numerical simulations. We propose three different ROMs with different levels of model parsimony, each describing key and essential features of the power production curves. ROM-1 is able to accurately reproduce the power output of numerical simulations for low values of permeabilities and certain features of the field-scale data, and is relatively parsimonious. ROM-2 is a more complex model than ROM-1 but it accurately describes the field-data. At higher permeabilities, ROM-2 reproduces numerical results better than ROM-1, however, there is a considerable deviation at low fracture zone permeabilities. ROM-3 is developed by taking the best aspects of ROM-1 and ROM-2 and provides a middle ground for model parsimony. It is able to describe various features of numerical simulations and field-data. From the proposed workflow, we demonstrate that the proposed simple ROMs are able to capture various complex features of the power production curves of Fenton Hill HDR system. For typical EGS applications, ROM-2 and ROM-3 outperform ROM-1., Comment: 25 pages, 8 figures

Published
2016
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6. Long-term cardiovascular safety of febuxostat compared with allopurinol in patients with gout (FAST): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial

Author

Aziz, J., Dobson, G., Doney, A.S.F., Flynn, R.W.V., Furnace, J., Grieve, J.W.K., Guthrie, G., Jamieson, D., Jennings, C.G., Kean, S., Lund, L.C., McConnachie, A., Pigazzani, F., Riches, P.L., Rix Hanson, M., Rogers, A, Rooke, E.D.M., Thomson, J., Warren, M., Wetherall, K., Wilson, R., Hall, C.P., Maseri, A., Bird, H.A., Murray, G., Dear, J.W., Petrie, M., MacDonald, M., Jhund, P.S., Connolly, E., Murphy, D.J., Paul, N., Olsson, A., Koskinen, P.T., Fuat, A., Foster, A., Saywood, W., Barr, R.J., McConnachie, L., Wilson, L.F., Larsen Rasmussen, L., McGinnis, A.R., Birrell, H., Keiller, M., Bremner, I.S., Forbes, G.J., Dumbleton, J.S., Rhodes, J., Waller, T., Mackenzie, Isla S, Ford, Ian, Nuki, George, Hallas, Jesper, Hawkey, Christopher J, Webster, John, Ralston, Stuart H, Walters, Matthew, Robertson, Michele, De Caterina, Raffaele, Findlay, Evelyn, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, McMurray, John J V, and MacDonald, Thomas M

Published
2020
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13. A SHORT HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: 1. LABORATORY-ACQUIRED INFECTIONS

Author

Petts, D, Wren, MWD, Nation, BR, Guthrie, G, Kyle, B, Peters, L, Mortlock, S, Clarke, S, and Burt, C

Subjects
Medical History
Abstract

Laboratory-acquired infections are as old as laboratories themselves. As soon as the culture of microorganisms was introduced, so too was their transfer to laboratory workers. It is only in relatively recent history that such infections have been fully understood, and methods of spread and their prevention or avoidance developed. This paper endeavours to provide an overview of the history of laboratory-acquired infection and the steps taken, particularly in the UK, for its prevention.

Published
2021

14. Cost‐effectiveness of emergency versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder pathology

Author

Sutton, A. J., Vohra, R. S., Hollyman, M., Marriott, P. J., Buja, A., Alderson, D., Pasquali, S., Griffiths, E. A., Vohra, R. S., Spreadborough, P., Hollyman, M., Marriott, P. J., Kirkham, A., Pasquali, S., Alderson, D., Griffiths, E. A., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Ul Haque, S., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., McNair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C.‐B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen‐Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., Ho, W.‐M., Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al‐Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., McCallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, E., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D.M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Downing, J., Mockford, K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Carney, K., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Shah, R., Hornby, S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al‐Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Iqbal, L. G. N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al‐Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., Oʼshea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Johnstone, M., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D., OʼReilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Robinson, S., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner‐Thorpe, J., Al‐Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al‐Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Chambers, A., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., Khan, S., El‐Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Mohan, A. C., Harilingam, M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho‐Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond‐Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A.W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Smith, S. R., Hall, C., Carty, N., Ahmed, J., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., McGlone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Hussain, A., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson‐Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Spreadborough, P., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al‐Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., DʼCosta, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El‐Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., McCune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., McKay, D., McIlmunn, C., Martin, S., MacArtney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J.M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., McCain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., McAree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., McKenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Hill, A. D. K., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., McEntee, G. P., OʼNeill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., OʼSullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., McDermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Jones, M. A., Sutton, C. M. L. R., OʼDwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C. R., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., McClarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh‐Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., OʼNeill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Weber, B., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece‐Bolton, O., McGuigan, A., Shahin, Y., Ali, A., Luther, A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Published
2017
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15. A SHORT HISTORY OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE: 2. ASBESTOS, CHEMICALS, RADIUM AND BEYOND

Author

Petts, D, Wren, MWD, Nation, BR, Guthrie, G, Kyle, B, Peters, L, Mortlock, S, Clarke, S, and Burt, C

Subjects
Medical History, Male, education, Asbestos, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 17th Century, Occupational Diseases, History, 16th Century, Neoplasms, Occupational Exposure, Humans, Female, Radium
Abstract

Historically, the weighing out and manipulation of dangerous chemicals frequently occurred without adequate protection from inhalation or accidental ingestion. The use of gloves, eye protection using goggles, masks or visors was scant. From Canary Girls and chimney sweeps to miners, stone cutters and silo fillers, these are classic exemplars of the subtle (and in some cases not so subtle) effects that substances, environments and practices can have on individual health.

Published
2021

16. Predicting the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: development and validation of a pre-operative risk score using an objective operative difficulty grading system

Author

Nassar, A. H. M., Hodson, J., H. J., Ng, Vohra, R. S., Katbeh, T., Zino, S., Griffiths, E. A., Kirkham, A. J., Pasquali, S., Marriott, P., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Haque, S. U., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Lambert, J., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., Mcnair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C. -B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., W. -M., Ho, Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al-Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., Mccallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D. M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Mockford, J. D. K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Shah, R., Hornby, S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Giwa, L., Iqbal, N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, K. W. J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., O'Shea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O'Reilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al-Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Chhabra, A., Harilingam, M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho-Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A. W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., Mcglone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., D'Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El-Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., Mccune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., Mckay, D., Mcilmunn, C., Martin, S., Macartney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J. M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., Mccain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., Mcaree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., Mckenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., Mcentee, G. P., O'Neill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., O'Sullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., Mcdermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Jones, M. A., Sutton, C. M. L. R., O'Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C. R., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., Mcclarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Al-Sarireh, B., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., O'Neill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., Mcguigan, A., Shahin, Y., Aymon, Luther, A. A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, operative difficulty, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Difficulty grading, difficult cholecystectomy, predictive score, surgery, laparoscopic, cholecystectomy, Surgical planning, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Risk Factors, Preoperative Care, Humans, Medicine, Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Framingham Risk Score, business.industry, General surgery, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Pre operative, Single surgeon, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Multivariate Analysis, Cholecystitis, Female, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Surgery, Cholecystectomy, business, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

The prediction of a difficult cholecystectomy has traditionally been based on certain pre-operative clinical and imaging factors. Most of the previous literature reported small patient cohorts and have not used an objective measure of operative difficulty. The aim of this study was to develop a pre-operative score to predict difficult cholecystectomy, as defined by a validated intra-operative difficulty grading scale. Two cohorts from prospectively maintained databases of patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were analysed: the CholeS Study (8755 patients) and a single surgeon series (4089 patients). Factors potentially predictive of difficulty were correlated to the Nassar intra-operative difficulty scale. A multivariable binary logistic regression analysis was then used to identify factors that were independently associated with difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy, defined as operative difficulty grades 3 to 5. The resulting model was then converted to a risk score, and validated on both internal and external datasets. Increasing age and ASA classification, male gender, diagnosis of CBD stone or cholecystitis, thick-walled gallbladders, CBD dilation, use of pre-operative ERCP and non-elective operations were found to be significant independent predictors of difficult cases. A risk score based on these factors returned an area under the ROC curve of 0.789 (95% CI 0.773–0.806, p

Published
2019
Full Text
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17. Pestilence, Plague and Pandemics: A Troubled History.

Author

Wren, M. W. D., Petts, D., Guthrie, G., Clarke, S., Nation, B. R., Peters, L., Mortlock, S., Sturdgess, I., Wright, M., and Burt, C.

Abstract

The article presents the discussion on history of pandemics, epidemics, and disasters and the attempts for bringing them under control. Topics include resulted in ill health and loss of life owing to the release of biological agents, toxic chemicals, or radiation into the environment; and pathogens occuring in animals undergoing the transfer of the pathogen to humans.

Published
2022

18. Cricket interruptus: fairness and incentive in limited overs cricket matches

Author

Carter, M. and Guthrie, G.

Subjects
Probabilities, Business, Business, general
Abstract

We present an adjustment rule for interrupted cricket matches that equalizes the probability of winning before and after the interruption, which we claim is both fair and tree of incentive effects. We give several examples of how our rule could have been applied in past matches, including some in which the ultimate result might have been different. Published online 14 April 2004 Keywords: sports; probability; econometrics

Published
2004

20. A widespread rash with optic neuritis

Author

Lavery, M. J., primary, O’Brien, B., additional, Jmor, F., additional, Price, V., additional, Guthrie, G., additional, Khirwadkar, N., additional, Beare, N., additional, and Wood, M., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
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22. Long-term cardiovascular safety of febuxostat compared with allopurinol in patients with gout (FAST): a multicentre, prospective, randomised, open-label, non-inferiority trial

Author

Mackenzie, Isla S, primary, Ford, Ian, additional, Nuki, George, additional, Hallas, Jesper, additional, Hawkey, Christopher J, additional, Webster, John, additional, Ralston, Stuart H, additional, Walters, Matthew, additional, Robertson, Michele, additional, De Caterina, Raffaele, additional, Findlay, Evelyn, additional, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, additional, McMurray, John J V, additional, MacDonald, Thomas M, additional, Aziz, J., additional, Dobson, G., additional, Doney, A.S.F., additional, Flynn, R.W.V., additional, Furnace, J., additional, Grieve, J.W.K., additional, Guthrie, G., additional, Jamieson, D., additional, Jennings, C.G., additional, Kean, S., additional, Lund, L.C., additional, McConnachie, A., additional, Pigazzani, F., additional, Riches, P.L., additional, Rix Hanson, M., additional, Rogers, A, additional, Rooke, E.D.M., additional, Thomson, J., additional, Warren, M., additional, Wetherall, K., additional, Wilson, R., additional, Hall, C.P., additional, Maseri, A., additional, Bird, H.A., additional, Murray, G., additional, Dear, J.W., additional, Petrie, M., additional, MacDonald, M., additional, Jhund, P.S., additional, Connolly, E., additional, Murphy, D.J., additional, Paul, N., additional, Olsson, A., additional, Koskinen, P.T., additional, Fuat, A., additional, Foster, A., additional, Saywood, W., additional, Barr, R.J., additional, McConnachie, L., additional, Wilson, L.F., additional, Larsen Rasmussen, L., additional, McGinnis, A.R., additional, Birrell, H., additional, Keiller, M., additional, Bremner, I.S., additional, Forbes, G.J., additional, Dumbleton, J.S., additional, Rhodes, J., additional, and Waller, T., additional

Published
2020
Full Text
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24. Hypertension and Sodium Salts

Author

Liebman, Bonnie F., Langford, Herbert G., Whitescarver, S. A., Ott, C. E., Jackson, B., Guthrie, G. P., Kotchen, T. A., Kurtz, Theodore W., and Morris, R. Curtis

Published
1985

25. Correction to: Utilisation of an operative difficulty grading scale for laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Author

Griffiths, E. A., Hodson, J., Vohra, R. S., Marriott, P., Katbeh, T., Zino, S., Nassar, A. H. M., Kirkham, A. J., Pasquali, S., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q. M., Kennedy, D., Khan, R. B., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Haque, S. U., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emesih, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Lambert, J., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., Mcnair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C. -B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., W. -M., Ho, Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al-Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., Mccallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D. M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Mockford, J. D. K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Rodriguez, D. U., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Hornby, R. S. S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Bajwa, D. S., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Mohamed, S. L. S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Iqbal, L. G. N., Watson, N. F., Aggarwal, S. K., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Mok, K. W. J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., O'Shea, K. M., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O'Reilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Guy Finch, J., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al-Khyatt, W., Bhandari, C. T. S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Shrestha, A. K., Basu, S., Harilingam, A. C. M., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho-Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Obeidallah, M. R., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Goh, Y. L., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A. W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., Mcglone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Amari, K. A., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Mothe, B. S., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., D'Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., El-Dhuwaib, A. P. Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., Mccune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., Mckay, D., Mcilmunn, C., Martin, S., Macartney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J. M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., Mccain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., Mcaree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., Mckenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., Mcentee, G. P., O'Neill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., O'Sullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., Mcdermott, F., Martin, S. T., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Ullah, M. F., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Angharad Jones, M., Sutton, C. M. L. R., O'Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Ross Carter, C., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., Mcclarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Al-Sarireh, B., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., John Terrace, S. O. N., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Downing, J., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., Mcguigan, A., Shahin, Y., Aymon, Luther, A. A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, operative difficulty, medicine.medical_specialty, MEDLINE, cholecystectomy, difficulty grading, laparoscopic, Surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Postoperative Complications, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Prospective Studies, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), Laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Aged, business.industry, General surgery, Correction, Hepatology, Length of Stay, Middle Aged, Conversion to Open Surgery, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, ROC Curve, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Multivariate Analysis, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, Female, business, Grading scale, Abdominal surgery
Abstract

A reliable system for grading operative difficulty of laparoscopic cholecystectomy would standardise description of findings and reporting of outcomes. The aim of this study was to validate a difficulty grading system (Nassar scale), testing its applicability and consistency in two large prospective datasets.Patient and disease-related variables and 30-day outcomes were identified in two prospective cholecystectomy databases: the multi-centre prospective cohort of 8820 patients from the recent CholeS Study and the single-surgeon series containing 4089 patients. Operative data and patient outcomes were correlated with Nassar operative difficultly scale, using Kendall's tau for dichotomous variables, or Jonckheere-Terpstra tests for continuous variables. A ROC curve analysis was performed, to quantify the predictive accuracy of the scale for each outcome, with continuous outcomes dichotomised, prior to analysis.A higher operative difficulty grade was consistently associated with worse outcomes for the patients in both the reference and CholeS cohorts. The median length of stay increased from 0 to 4 days, and the 30-day complication rate from 7.6 to 24.4% as the difficulty grade increased from 1 to 4/5 (both p 0.001). In the CholeS cohort, a higher difficulty grade was found to be most strongly associated with conversion to open and 30-day mortality (AUROC = 0.903, 0.822, respectively). On multivariable analysis, the Nassar operative difficultly scale was found to be a significant independent predictor of operative duration, conversion to open surgery, 30-day complications and 30-day reintervention (all p 0.001).We have shown that an operative difficulty scale can standardise the description of operative findings by multiple grades of surgeons to facilitate audit, training assessment and research. It provides a tool for reporting operative findings, disease severity and technical difficulty and can be utilised in future research to reliably compare outcomes according to case mix and intra-operative difficulty.

Published
2018

27. Plant-based sterols and stanols in health & disease: 'Consequences of human development in a plant-based environment?'

Author

Plat, J, Baumgartner, S, Vanmierlo, T, Lütjohann, D, Calkins, K L, Burrin, D G, Guthrie, G, Thijs, C, Te Velde, A A, Vreugdenhil, A C E, Sverdlov, R, Garssen, J, Wouters, K, Trautwein, E A, Wolfs, T G, van Gorp, C, Mulder, M T, Riksen, N P, Groen, A K, Mensink, R P, Plat, J, Baumgartner, S, Vanmierlo, T, Lütjohann, D, Calkins, K L, Burrin, D G, Guthrie, G, Thijs, C, Te Velde, A A, Vreugdenhil, A C E, Sverdlov, R, Garssen, J, Wouters, K, Trautwein, E A, Wolfs, T G, van Gorp, C, Mulder, M T, Riksen, N P, Groen, A K, and Mensink, R P

Abstract

Dietary plant sterols and stanols as present in our diet and in functional foods are well-known for their inhibitory effects on intestinal cholesterol absorption, which translates into lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. However, emerging evidence suggests that plant sterols and stanols have numerous additional health effects, which are largely unnoticed in the current scientific literature. Therefore, in this review we pose the intriguing question "What would have occurred if plant sterols and stanols had been discovered and embraced by disciplines such as immunology, hepatology, pulmonology or gastroenterology before being positioned as cholesterol-lowering molecules?" What would then have been the main benefits and fields of application of plant sterols and stanols today? We here discuss potential effects ranging from its presence and function intrauterine and in breast milk towards a potential role in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cardiovascular disease (CVD), inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and allergic asthma. Interestingly, effects clearly depend on the route of entrance as observed in intestinal-failure associated liver disease (IFALD) during parenteral nutrition regimens. It is only until recently that effects beyond lowering of cholesterol concentrations are being explored systematically. Thus, there is a clear need to understand the full health effects of plant sterols and stanols.

Published
2019

28. Plant-based sterols and stanols in health & disease: 'Consequences of human development in a plant-based environment?'

Author

Afd Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Plat, J, Baumgartner, S, Vanmierlo, T, Lütjohann, D, Calkins, K L, Burrin, D G, Guthrie, G, Thijs, C, Te Velde, A A, Vreugdenhil, A C E, Sverdlov, R, Garssen, J, Wouters, K, Trautwein, E A, Wolfs, T G, van Gorp, C, Mulder, M T, Riksen, N P, Groen, A K, Mensink, R P, Afd Pharmacology, Pharmacology, Plat, J, Baumgartner, S, Vanmierlo, T, Lütjohann, D, Calkins, K L, Burrin, D G, Guthrie, G, Thijs, C, Te Velde, A A, Vreugdenhil, A C E, Sverdlov, R, Garssen, J, Wouters, K, Trautwein, E A, Wolfs, T G, van Gorp, C, Mulder, M T, Riksen, N P, Groen, A K, and Mensink, R P

Published
2019

30. IBM POWER9 processor and system features for computing in the cognitive era

Author

Arimilli, L. B., primary, Blaner, B., additional, Drerup, B. C., additional, Marino, C. F., additional, Williams, D. E., additional, Lais, E. N., additional, Campisano, F. A., additional, Guthrie, G. L., additional, Floyd, M. S., additional, Leavens, R. B., additional, Willenborg, S. M., additional, Kalla, R., additional, and Abali, B., additional

Published
2018
Full Text
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39. Population-based cohort study of variation in the use of emergency cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases

Author

Vohra, R. S., Pasquali, S., Kirkham, A. J., Marriott, P., Johnstone, M., Spreadborough, P., Alderson, D., Griffiths, E. A., Fenwick, S., Elmasry, M., Nunes, Q., Kennedy, D., Basit Khan, R., Khan, M. A. S., Magee, C. J., Jones, S. M., Mason, D., Parappally, C. P., Mathur, P., Saunders, M., Jamel, S., Ul Haque, S., Zafar, S., Shiwani, M. H., Samuel, N., Dar, F., Jackson, A., Lovett, B., Dindyal, S., Winter, H., Fletcher, T., Rahman, S., Wheatley, K., Nieto, T., Ayaani, S., Youssef, H., Nijjar, R. S., Watkin, H., Naumann, D., Emeshi, S., Sarmah, P. B., Lee, K., Joji, N., Heath, J., Teasdale, R. L., Weerasinghe, C., Needham, P. J., Welbourn, H., Forster, L., Finch, D., Blazeby, J. M., Robb, W., Mcnair, A. G. K., Hrycaiczuk, A., Charalabopoulos, A., Kadirkamanathan, S., Tang, C. -B., Jayanthi, N. V. G., Noor, N., Dobbins, B., Cockbain, A. J., Nilsen-Nunn, A., de Siqueira, J., Pellen, M., Cowley, J. B., W. -M., Ho, Miu, V., White, T. J., Hodgkins, K. A., Kinghorn, A., Tutton, M. G., Al-Abed, Y. A., Menzies, D., Ahmad, A., Reed, J., Khan, S., Monk, D., Vitone, L. J., Murtaza, G., Joel, A., Brennan, S., Shier, D., Zhang, C., Yoganathan, T., Robinson, S. J., Mccallum, I. J. D., Jones, M. J., Elsayed, M., Tuck, L., Wayman, J., Carney, K., Aroori, S., Hosie, K. B., Kimble, A., Bunting, D. M., Fawole, A. S., Basheer, M., Dave, R. V., Sarveswaran, J., Jones, E., Kendal, C., Tilston, M. P., Gough, M., Wallace, T., Singh, S., Downing, J., Mockford, K. A., Issa, E., Shah, N., Chauhan, N., Wilson, T. R., Forouzanfar, A., Wild, J. R. L., Nofal, E., Bunnell, C., Madbak, K., Rao, S. T. V., Devoto, L., Siddiqi, N., Khawaja, Z., Hewes, J. C., Gould, L., Chambers, A., Urriza Rodriguez, D., Sen, G., Robinson, S., Bartlett, F., Rae, D. M., Stevenson, T. E. J., Sarvananthan, K., Dwerryhouse, S. J., Higgs, S. M., Old, O. J., Hardy, T. J., Shah, R., Hornby, S. T., Keogh, K., Frank, L., Al-Akash, M., Upchurch, E. A., Frame, R. J., Hughes, M., Jelley, C., Weaver, S., Roy, S., Sillo, T. O., Galanopoulos, G., Cuming, T., Cunha, P., Tayeh, S., Kaptanis, S., Heshaishi, M., Eisawi, A., Abayomi, M., Ngu, W. S., Fleming, K., Singh Bajwa, D., Chitre, V., Aryal, K., Ferris, P., Silva, M., Lammy, S., Mohamed, S., Khawaja, A., Hussain, A., Ghazanfar, M. A., Bellini, M. I., Ebdewi, H., Elshaer, M., Gravante, G., Drake, B., Ogedegbe, A., Mukherjee, D., Arhi, C., Giwa Nusrat Iqbal, L., Watson, N. F., Kumar Aggarwal, S., Orchard, P., Villatoro, E., Willson, P. D., Wa, K., Mok, J., Woodman, T., Deguara, J., Garcea, G., Babu, B. I., Dennison, A. R., Malde, D., Lloyd, D., Satheesan, S., Al-Taan, O., Boddy, A., Slavin, J. P., Jones, R. P., Ballance, L., Gerakopoulos, S., Jambulingam, P., Mansour, S., Sakai, N., Acharya, V., Sadat, M. M., Karim, L., Larkin, D., Amin, K., Khan, A., Law, J., Jamdar, S., Smith, S. R., Sampat, K., M O'shea, K., Manu, M., Asprou, F. M., Malik, N. S., Chang, J., Lewis, M., Roberts, G. P., Karavadra, B., Photi, E., Hewes, J., Rodriguez, D., O'Reilly, D. A., Rate, A. J., Sekhar, H., Henderson, L. T., Starmer, B. Z., Coe, P. O., Tolofari, S., Barrie, J., Bashir, G., Sloane, J., Madanipour, S., Halkias, C., Trevatt, A. E. J., Borowski, D. W., Hornsby, J., Courtney, M. J., Virupaksha, S., Seymour, K., Hawkins, H., Bawa, S., Gallagher, P. V., Reid, A., Wood, P., Finch, J. G., Parmar, J., Stirland, E., Gardner-Thorpe, J., Al-Muhktar, A., Peterson, M., Majeed, A., Bajwa, F. M., Martin, J., Choy, A., Tsang, A., Pore, N., Andrew, D. R., Al-Khyatt, W., Taylor, C., Bhandari, S., Subramanium, D., Toh, S. K. C., Carter, N. C., Mercer, S. J., Knight, B., Tate, S., Pearce, B., Wainwright, D., Vijay, V., Alagaratnam, S., Sinha, S., El-Hasani, S. S., Hussain, A. A., Bhattacharya, V., Kansal, N., Fasih, T., Jackson, C., Siddiqui, M. N., Chishti, I. A., Fordham, I. J., Siddiqui, Z., Bausbacher, H., Geogloma, I., Gurung, K., Tsavellas, G., Basynat, P., Kiran Shrestha, A., Basu, S., Chhabra Mohan Harilingam, A., Rabie, M., Akhtar, M., Kumar, P., Jafferbhoy, S. F., Hussain, N., Raza, S., Haque, M., Alam, I., Aseem, R., Patel, S., Asad, M., Booth, M. I., Ball, W. R., Wood, C. P. J., Pinho-Gomes, A. C., Kausar, A., Rami Obeidallah, M., Varghase, J., Lodhia, J., Bradley, D., Rengifo, C., Lindsay, D., Gopalswamy, S., Finlay, I., Wardle, S., Bullen, N., Iftikhar, S. Y., Awan, A., Ahmed, J., Leeder, P., Fusai, G., Bond-Smith, G., Psica, A., Puri, Y., Hou, D., Noble, F., Szentpali, K., Broadhurst, J., Date, R., Hossack, M. R., Li Goh, Y., Turner, P., Shetty, V., Riera, M., Macano, C. A. W., Sukha, A., Preston, S. R., Hoban, J. R., Puntis, D. J., Williams, S. V., Krysztopik, R., Kynaston, J., Batt, J., Doe, M., Goscimski, A., Jones, G. H., Hall, C., Carty, N., Panteleimonitis, S., Gunasekera, R. T., Sheel, A. R. G., Lennon, H., Hindley, C., Reddy, M., Kenny, R., Elkheir, N., Mcglone, E. R., Rajaganeshan, R., Hancorn, K., Hargreaves, A., Prasad, R., Longbotham, D. A., Vijayanand, D., Wijetunga, I., Ziprin, P., Nicolay, C. R., Yeldham, G., Read, E., Gossage, J. A., Rolph, R. C., Ebied, H., Phull, M., Khan, M. A., Popplewell, M., Kyriakidis, D., Henley, N., Packer, J. R., Derbyshire, L., Porter, J., Appleton, S., Farouk, M., Basra, M., Jennings, N. A., Ali, S., Kanakala, V., Ali, H., Lane, R., Dickson-Lowe, R., Zarsadias, P., Mirza, D., Puig, S., Al Amari, K., Vijayan, D., Sutcliffe, R., Marudanayagam, R., Hamady, Z., Prasad, A. R., Patel, A., Durkin, D., Kaur, P., Bowen, L., Byrne, J. P., Pearson, K. L., Delisle, T. G., Davies, J., Tomlinson, M. A., Johnpulle, M. A., Slawinski, C., Macdonald, A., Nicholson, J., Newton, K., Mbuvi, J., Farooq, A., Sidhartha Mothe, B., Zafrani, Z., Brett, D., Francombe, J., Barnes, J., Cheung, M., Al-Bahrani, A. Z., Preziosi, G., Urbonas, T., Alberts, J., Mallik, M., Patel, K., Segaran, A., Doulias, T., Sufi, P. A., Yao, C., Pollock, S., Manzelli, A., Wajed, S., Kourkulos, M., Pezzuto, R., Wadley, M., Hamilton, E., Jaunoo, S., Padwick, R., Sayegh, M., Newton, R. C., Hebbar, M., Farag, S. F., Spearman, J., Hamdan, M. F., D'Costa, C., Blane, C., Giles, M., Peter, M. B., Hirst, N. A., Hossain, T., Pannu, A., El-Dhuwaib, Y., Morrison, T. E. M., Taylor, G. W., Thompson, R. L. E., Mccune, K., Loughlin, P., Lawther, R., Byrnes, C. K., Simpson, D. J., Mawhinney, A., Warren, C., Mckay, D., Mcilmunn, C., Martin, S., Macartney, M., Diamond, T., Davey, P., Jones, C., Clements, J. M., Digney, R., Chan, W. M., Mccain, S., Gull, S., Janeczko, A., Dorrian, E., Harris, A., Dawson, S., Johnston, D., Mcaree, B., Ghareeb, E., Thomas, G., Connelly, M., Mckenzie, S., Cieplucha, K., Spence, G., Campbell, W., Hooks, G., Bradley, N., Hill, A. D. K., Cassidy, J. T., Boland, M., Burke, P., Nally, D. M., Khogali, E., Shabo, W., Iskandar, E., Mcentee, G. P., O'Neill, M. A., Peirce, C., Lyons, E. M., O'Sullivan, A. W., Thakkar, R., Carroll, P., Ivanovski, I., Balfe, P., Lee, M., Winter, D. C., Kelly, M. E., Hoti, E., Maguire, D., Karunakaran, P., Geoghegan, J. G., Martin, S. T., Mcdermott, F., Cross, K. S., Cooke, F., Zeeshan, S., Murphy, J. O., Mealy, K., Mohan, H. M., Nedujchelyn, Y., Fahad Ullah, M., Ahmed, I., Giovinazzo, F., Milburn, J., Prince, S., Brooke, E., Buchan, J., Khalil, A. M., Vaughan, E. M., Ramage, M. I., Aldridge, R. C., Gibson, S., Nicholson, G. A., Vass, D. G., Grant, A. J., Holroyd, D. J., Jones, M. A., Sutton, C. M. L. R., O'Dwyer, P., Nilsson, F., Weber, B., Williamson, T. K., Lalla, K., Bryant, A., Carter, C. R., Forrest, C. R., Hunter, D. I., Nassar, A. H., Orizu, M. N., Knight, K., Qandeel, H., Suttie, S., Belding, R., Mcclarey, A., Boyd, A. T., Guthrie, G. J. K., Lim, P. J., Luhmann, A., Watson, A. J. M., Richards, C. H., Nicol, L., Madurska, M., Harrison, E., Boyce, K. M., Roebuck, A., Ferguson, G., Pati, P., Wilson, M. S. J., Dalgaty, F., Fothergill, L., Driscoll, P. J., Mozolowski, K. L., Banwell, V., Bennett, S. P., Rogers, P. N., Skelly, B. L., Rutherford, C. L., Mirza, A. K., Lazim, T., Lim, H. C. C., Duke, D., Ahmed, T., Beasley, W. D., Wilkinson, M. D., Maharaj, G., Malcolm, C., Brown, T. H., Shingler, G. M., Mowbray, N., Radwan, R., Morcous, P., Wood, S., Kadhim, A., Stewart, D. J., Baker, A. L., Tanner, N., Shenoy, H., Hafiz, S., De Marchi, J. A., Singh-Ranger, D., Hisham, E., Ainley, P., O'Neill, S., Terrace, J., Napetti, S., Hopwood, B., Rhys, T., Kanavati, O., Coats, M., Aleksandrov, D., Kallaway, C., Yahya, S., Templeton, A., Trotter, M., Lo, C., Dhillon, A., Heywood, N., Aawsaj, Y., Hamdan, A., Reece-Bolton, O., Mcguigan, A., Shahin, Y., Ali, A., Luther, A., Nicholson, J. A., Rajendran, I., Boal, M., and Ritchie, J.

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Gallbladder disease, Population, Gallbladder Diseases, 030230 surgery, Biliary colic, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Emergency cholecystectomy, benign gallbladder disease, hospital care, 80 and over, Medicine, Humans, Cholecystectomy, Prospective Studies, Prospective cohort study, education, Emergency Treatment, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, education.field_of_study, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, General surgery, Gallbladder, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Hospitals, United Kingdom, Hospitalization, medicine.anatomical_structure, Centre for Surgical Research, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Female, Ireland, Surgery, medicine.symptom, business, Cohort study
Abstract

Background The aims of this prospective population-based cohort study were to identify the patient and hospital characteristics associated with emergency cholecystectomy, and the influences of these in determining variations between hospitals. Methods Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy in acute UK and Irish hospitals between 1 March and 1 May 2014. Potential explanatory variables influencing the performance of emergency cholecystectomy were analysed by means of multilevel, multivariable logistic regression modelling using a two-level hierarchical structure with patients (level 1) nested within hospitals (level 2). Results Data were collected on 4744 cholecystectomies from 165 hospitals. Increasing age, lower ASA fitness grade, biliary colic, the need for further imaging (magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic interventions (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and admission to a non-biliary centre significantly reduced the likelihood of an emergency cholecystectomy being performed. The multilevel model was used to calculate the probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy for a woman aged 40 years or over with an ASA grade of I or II and a BMI of at least 25·0 kg/m2, who presented with acute cholecystitis with an ultrasound scan showing a thick-walled gallbladder and a normal common bile duct. The mean predicted probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy was 0·52 (95 per cent c.i. 0·45 to 0·57). The predicted probabilities ranged from 0·02 to 0·95 across the 165 hospitals, demonstrating significant variation between hospitals. Conclusion Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.

Published
2016
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42. A case of dissection in an ACUSEAL-modified HeRO graft

Author

Bradley, N A, Guthrie, G, and Suttie, S

Abstract

Background: The use of the HeRO system with the early-access ACUSEAL graft avoids the need for a tunnelled dialysis catheter as a bridge for vascular access. Established complications of this system include thrombosis, graft infection, haematoma, and pseudoaneurysm formation.Case Description: A 72-year-old patient found to have a dissection flap at the venous cannulation point (ACUSEAL component) of a right arm HeRO graft. The ACUSEAL was replaced in theatre and subsequent duplex imaging confirmed satisfactory graft function.Conclusion: This case demonstrates a serious yet previously undescribed complication of cannulation of an ACUSEAL graft. The trilaminar construction of the graft may increase the likelihood of disruption of the luminal layer during repeated needling and predispose it to dissection. Given the consequences of graft failure in such patients, urgent intervention is warranted when graft dissection is suspected.

Published
2020
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43. Study of He–H2CO collisions at interstellar temperatures using the L2 R-matrix method.

Author

Bocchetta, C. J., Gerratt, J., and Guthrie, G.

Subjects
COLLISIONS (Nuclear physics), HELIUM, CARBONATES, HYDROGEN
Abstract

Total cross sections for collisions of He(1S) atoms with H2CO molecules at interstellar temperatures (18–120 K) have been calculated using the L2 R-matrix method developed previously. Using 13 slightly nonorthogonal radial basis functions, excellent agreement has generally been obtained with an earlier close-coupled study. However, in two crucial regions (32.7 and 47.7 K) where strong resonances had been reported, we find that the cross sections are smooth. The accuracy of the present calculations were checked at intervals using the de Vogelaere method with parameters set very tightly. Strong resonances in the 20.2 K region were however found and characterized as being of Feshbach (compound state) type, with the He atom lying in the potential well near the O atom of formaldehyde. Similar resonances in the 127 K region are also predicted. Consequently the state-to-state rate constants, upon which the collision pump mechanism for the cooling of the k doublets of formaldehyde depends, now need to be recomputed using the new values for the cross sections. This series of studies shows that the use of slightly nonorthogonal radial basis functions—and which as a result possess arbitrary derivatives at the R-matrix boundary—is the key to the reliable application of this very stable and versatile method to molecular collision problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1988
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48. Cost-effectiveness of emergency versus delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute gallbladder pathology

Author

Sutton, A J, primary, Vohra, R S, additional, Hollyman, M, additional, Marriott, P J, additional, Buja, A, additional, Alderson, D, additional, Pasquali, S, additional, Griffiths, E A, additional, Spreadborough, P, additional, Kirkham, A, additional, Fenwick, S, additional, Elmasry, M, additional, Nunes, Q M, additional, Kennedy, D, additional, Khan, R B, additional, Khan, M A S, additional, Magee, C J, additional, Jones, S M, additional, Mason, D, additional, Parappally, C P, additional, Mathur, P, additional, Saunders, M, additional, Jamel, S, additional, Ul Haque, S, additional, Zafar, S, additional, Shiwani, M H, additional, Samuel, N, additional, Dar, F, additional, Jackson, A, additional, Lovett, B, additional, Dindyal, S, additional, Winter, H, additional, Fletcher, T, additional, Rahman, S, additional, Wheatley, K, additional, Nieto, T, additional, Ayaani, S, additional, Youssef, H, additional, Nijjar, R S, additional, Watkin, H, additional, Naumann, D, additional, Emesih, S, additional, Sarmah, P B, additional, Lee, K, additional, Joji, N, additional, Heath, J, additional, Teasdale, R L, additional, Weerasinghe, C, additional, Needham, P J, additional, Welbourn, H, additional, Forster, L, additional, Finch, D, additional, Blazeby, J M, additional, Robb, W, additional, McNair, A G K, additional, Hrycaiczuk, A, additional, Charalabopoulos, A, additional, Kadirkamanathan, S, additional, Tang, C-B, additional, Jayanthi, N V G, additional, Noor, N, additional, Dobbins, B, additional, Cockbain, A J, additional, Nilsen-Nunn, A, additional, de Siqueira, J, additional, Pellen, M, additional, Cowley, J B, additional, Ho, W-M, additional, Miu, V, additional, White, T J, additional, Hodgkins, K A, additional, Kinghorn, A, additional, Tutton, M G, additional, Al-Abed, Y A, additional, Menzies, D, additional, Ahmad, A, additional, Reed, J, additional, Khan, S, additional, Monk, D, additional, Vitone, L J, additional, Murtaza, G, additional, Joel, A, additional, Brennan, S, additional, Shier, D, additional, Zhang, C, additional, Yoganathan, T, additional, Robinson, S J, additional, McCallum, I J D, additional, Jones, M J, additional, Elsayed, M, additional, Tuck, E, additional, Wayman, J, additional, Carney, K, additional, Aroori, S, additional, Hosie, K B, additional, Kimble, A, additional, Bunting, D M, additional, Fawole, A S, additional, Basheer, M, additional, Dave, R V, additional, Sarveswaran, J, additional, Jones, E, additional, Kendal, C, additional, Tilston, M P, additional, Gough, M, additional, Wallace, T, additional, Singh, S, additional, Downing, J, additional, Mockford, K A, additional, Issa, E, additional, Shah, N, additional, Chauhan, N, additional, Wilson, T R, additional, Forouzanfar, A, additional, Wild, J R L, additional, Nofal, E, additional, Bunnell, C, additional, Madbak, K, additional, Rao, S T V, additional, Devoto, L, additional, Siddiqi, N, additional, Khawaja, Z, additional, Hewes, J C, additional, Gould, L, additional, Chambers, A, additional, Rodriguez, D U, additional, Sen, G, additional, Robinson, S, additional, Bartlett, F, additional, Rae, D M, additional, Stevenson, T E J, additional, Sarvananthan, K, additional, Dwerryhouse, S J, additional, Higgs, S M, additional, Old, O J, additional, Hardy, T J, additional, Shah, R, additional, Hornby, S T, additional, Keogh, K, additional, Frank, L, additional, Al-Akash, M, additional, Upchurch, E A, additional, Frame, R J, additional, Hughes, M, additional, Jelley, C, additional, Weaver, S, additional, Roy, S, additional, Sillo, T O, additional, Galanopoulos, G, additional, Cuming, T, additional, Cunha, P, additional, Tayeh, S, additional, Kaptanis, S, additional, Heshaishi, M, additional, Eisawi, A, additional, Abayomi, M, additional, Ngu, W S, additional, Fleming, K, additional, Bajwa, D S, additional, Chitre, V, additional, Aryal, K, additional, Ferris, P, additional, Silva, M, additional, Lammy, S, additional, Mohamed, S, additional, Khawaja, A, additional, Hussain, A, additional, Ghazanfar, M A, additional, Bellini, M I, additional, Ebdewi, H, additional, Elshaer, M, additional, Gravante, G, additional, Drake, B, additional, Ogedegbe, A, additional, Mukherjee, D, additional, Arhi, C, additional, Iqbal, L G N, additional, Watson, N F, additional, Aggarwal, S K, additional, Orchard, P, additional, Villatoro, E, additional, Willson, P D, additional, Mok, J, additional, Woodman, T, additional, Deguara, J, additional, Garcea, G, additional, Babu, B I, additional, Dennison, A R, additional, Malde, D, additional, Lloyd, D, additional, Satheesan, S, additional, Al-Taan, O, additional, Boddy, A, additional, Slavin, J P, additional, Jones, R P, additional, Ballance, L, additional, Gerakopoulos, S, additional, Jambulingam, P, additional, Mansour, S, additional, Sakai, N, additional, Acharya, V, additional, Sadat, M M, additional, Karim, L, additional, Larkin, D, additional, Amin, K, additional, Khan, A, additional, Law, J, additional, Jamdar, S, additional, Smith, S R, additional, Sampat, K, additional, O'shea, K M, additional, Manu, M, additional, Asprou, F M, additional, Malik, N S, additional, Chang, J, additional, Johnstone, M, additional, Lewis, M, additional, Roberts, G P, additional, Karavadra, B, additional, Photi, E, additional, Hewes, J, additional, Rodriguez, D, additional, O'Reilly, D A, additional, Rate, A J, additional, Sekhar, H, additional, Henderson, L T, additional, Starmer, B Z, additional, Coe, P O, additional, Tolofari, S, additional, Barrie, J, additional, Bashir, G, additional, Sloane, J, additional, Madanipour, S, additional, Halkias, C, additional, Trevatt, A E J, additional, Borowski, D W, additional, Hornsby, J, additional, Courtney, M J, additional, Virupaksha, S, additional, Seymour, K, additional, Hawkins, H, additional, Bawa, S, additional, Gallagher, P V, additional, Reid, A, additional, Wood, P, additional, Finch, J G, additional, Parmar, J, additional, Stirland, E, additional, Gardner-Thorpe, J, additional, Al-Muhktar, A, additional, Peterson, M, additional, Majeed, A, additional, Bajwa, F M, additional, Martin, J, additional, Choy, A, additional, Tsang, A, additional, Pore, N, additional, Andrew, D R, additional, Al-Khyatt, W, additional, Taylor, C, additional, Bhandari, S, additional, Subramanium, D, additional, Toh, S K C, additional, Carter, N C, additional, Tate, S, additional, Pearce, B, additional, Wainwright, D, additional, Mercer, S J, additional, Knight, B, additional, Vijay, V, additional, Alagaratnam, S, additional, Sinha, S, additional, El-Hasani, S S, additional, Hussain, A A, additional, Bhattacharya, V, additional, Kansal, N, additional, Fasih, T, additional, Jackson, C, additional, Siddiqui, M N, additional, Chishti, I A, additional, Fordham, I J, additional, Siddiqui, Z, additional, Bausbacher, H, additional, Geogloma, I, additional, Gurung, K, additional, Tsavellas, G, additional, Basynat, P, additional, Shrestha, A K, additional, Basu, S, additional, Mohan, A C, additional, Harilingam, M, additional, Rabie, M, additional, Akhtar, M, additional, Kumar, P, additional, Jafferbhoy, S F, additional, Hussain, N, additional, Raza, S, additional, Haque, M, additional, Alam, I, additional, Aseem, R, additional, Patel, S, additional, Asad, M, additional, Booth, M I, additional, Ball, W R, additional, Wood, C P J, additional, Pinho-Gomes, A C, additional, Kausar, A, additional, Obeidallah, M R, additional, Varghase, J, additional, Lodhia, J, additional, Bradley, D, additional, Rengifo, C, additional, Lindsay, D, additional, Gopalswamy, S, additional, Finlay, I, additional, Wardle, S, additional, Bullen, N, additional, Iftikhar, S Y, additional, Awan, A, additional, Ahmed, J, additional, Leeder, P, additional, Fusai, G, additional, Bond-Smith, G, additional, Psica, A, additional, Puri, Y, additional, Hou, D, additional, Noble, F, additional, Szentpali, K, additional, Broadhurst, J, additional, Date, R, additional, Hossack, M R, additional, Goh, Y L, additional, Turner, P, additional, Shetty, V, additional, Riera, M, additional, Macano, C A W, additional, Sukha, A, additional, Preston, S R, additional, Hoban, J R, additional, Puntis, D J, additional, Williams, S V, additional, Krysztopik, R, additional, Kynaston, J, additional, Batt, J, additional, Doe, M, additional, Goscimski, A, additional, Jones, G H, additional, Hall, C, additional, Carty, N, additional, Panteleimonitis, S, additional, Gunasekera, R T, additional, Sheel, A R G, additional, Lennon, H, additional, Hindley, C, additional, Reddy, M, additional, Kenny, R, additional, Elkheir, N, additional, McGlone, E R, additional, Rajaganeshan, R, additional, Hancorn, K, additional, Hargreaves, A, additional, Prasad, R, additional, Longbotham, D A, additional, Vijayanand, D, additional, Wijetunga, I, additional, Ziprin, P, additional, Nicolay, C R, additional, Yeldham, G, additional, Read, E, additional, Gossage, J A, additional, Rolph, R C, additional, Ebied, H, additional, Phull, M, additional, Khan, M A, additional, Popplewell, M, additional, Kyriakidis, D, additional, Henley, N, additional, Packer, J R, additional, Derbyshire, L, additional, Porter, J, additional, Appleton, S, additional, Farouk, M, additional, Basra, M, additional, Jennings, N A, additional, Ali, S, additional, Kanakala, V, additional, Ali, H, additional, Lane, R, additional, Dickson-Lowe, R, additional, Zarsadias, P, additional, Mirza, D, additional, Puig, S, additional, Al Amari, K, additional, Vijayan, D, additional, Sutcliffe, R, additional, Marudanayagam, R, additional, Hamady, Z, additional, Prasad, A R, additional, Patel, A, additional, Durkin, D, additional, Kaur, P, additional, Bowen, L, additional, Byrne, J P, additional, Pearson, K L, additional, Delisle, T G, additional, Davies, J, additional, Tomlinson, M A, additional, Johnpulle, M A, additional, Slawinski, C, additional, Macdonald, A, additional, Nicholson, J, additional, Newton, K, additional, Mbuvi, J, additional, Farooq, A, additional, Mothe, B S, additional, Zafrani, Z, additional, Brett, D, additional, Francombe, J, additional, Barnes, J, additional, Cheung, M, additional, Al-Bahrani, A Z, additional, Preziosi, G, additional, Urbonas, T, additional, Alberts, J, additional, Mallik, M, additional, Patel, K, additional, Segaran, A, additional, Doulias, T, additional, Sufi, P A, additional, Yao, C, additional, Pollock, S, additional, Manzelli, A, additional, Wajed, S, additional, Kourkulos, M, additional, Pezzuto, R, additional, Wadley, M, additional, Hamilton, E, additional, Jaunoo, S, additional, Padwick, R, additional, Sayegh, M, additional, Newton, R C, additional, Hebbar, M, additional, Farag, S F, additional, Spearman, J, additional, Hamdan, M F, additional, D'Costa, C, additional, Blane, C, additional, Giles, M, additional, Peter, M B, additional, Hirst, N A, additional, Hossain, T, additional, Pannu, A, additional, El-Dhuwaib, Y, additional, Morrison, T E M, additional, Taylor, G W, additional, Thompson, R L E, additional, McCune, K, additional, Loughlin, P, additional, Lawther, R, additional, Byrnes, C K, additional, Simpson, D J, additional, Mawhinney, A, additional, Warren, C, additional, McKay, D, additional, McIlmunn, C, additional, Martin, S, additional, MacArtney, M, additional, Diamond, T, additional, Davey, P, additional, Jones, C, additional, Clements, J M, additional, Digney, R, additional, Chan, W M, additional, McCain, S, additional, Gull, S, additional, Janeczko, A, additional, Dorrian, E, additional, Harris, A, additional, Dawson, S, additional, Johnston, D, additional, McAree, B, additional, Ghareeb, E, additional, Thomas, G, additional, Connelly, M, additional, McKenzie, S, additional, Cieplucha, K, additional, Spence, G, additional, Campbell, W, additional, Hooks, G, additional, Bradley, N, additional, Hill, A D K, additional, Cassidy, J T, additional, Boland, M, additional, Burke, P, additional, Nally, D M, additional, Khogali, E, additional, Shabo, W, additional, Iskandar, E, additional, McEntee, G P, additional, O'Neill, M A, additional, Peirce, C, additional, Lyons, E M, additional, O'Sullivan, A W, additional, Thakkar, R, additional, Carroll, P, additional, Ivanovski, I, additional, Balfe, P, additional, Lee, M, additional, Winter, D C, additional, Kelly, M E, additional, Hoti, E, additional, Maguire, D, additional, Karunakaran, P, additional, Geoghegan, J G, additional, McDermott, F, additional, Martin, S T, additional, Cross, K S, additional, Cooke, F, additional, Zeeshan, S, additional, Murphy, J O, additional, Mealy, K, additional, Mohan, H M, additional, Nedujchelyn, Y, additional, Ullah, M F, additional, Ahmed, I, additional, Giovinazzo, F, additional, Milburn, J, additional, Prince, S, additional, Brooke, E, additional, Buchan, J, additional, Khalil, A M, additional, Vaughan, E M, additional, Ramage, M I, additional, Aldridge, R C, additional, Gibson, S, additional, Nicholson, G A, additional, Vass, D G, additional, Grant, A J, additional, Holroyd, D J, additional, Jones, M A, additional, Sutton, C M L R, additional, O'Dwyer, P, additional, Nilsson, F, additional, Weber, B, additional, Williamson, T K, additional, Lalla, K, additional, Bryant, A, additional, Carter, C R, additional, Forrest, C R, additional, Hunter, D I, additional, Nassar, A H, additional, Orizu, M N, additional, Knight, K, additional, Qandeel, H, additional, Suttie, S, additional, Belding, R, additional, McClarey, A, additional, Boyd, A T, additional, Guthrie, G J K, additional, Lim, P J, additional, Luhmann, A, additional, Watson, A J M, additional, Richards, C H, additional, Nicol, L, additional, Madurska, M, additional, Harrison, E, additional, Boyce, K M, additional, Roebuck, A, additional, Ferguson, G, additional, Pati, P, additional, Wilson, M S J, additional, Dalgaty, F, additional, Fothergill, L, additional, Driscoll, P J, additional, Mozolowski, K L, additional, Banwell, V, additional, Bennett, S P, additional, Rogers, P N, additional, Skelly, B L, additional, Rutherford, C L, additional, Mirza, A K, additional, Lazim, T, additional, Lim, H C C, additional, Duke, D, additional, Ahmed, T, additional, Beasley, W D, additional, Wilkinson, M D, additional, Maharaj, G, additional, Malcolm, C, additional, Brown, T H, additional, Shingler, G M, additional, Mowbray, N, additional, Radwan, R, additional, Morcous, P, additional, Wood, S, additional, Kadhim, A, additional, Stewart, D J, additional, Baker, A L, additional, Tanner, N, additional, Shenoy, H, additional, Hafiz, S, additional, De Marchi, J A, additional, Singh-Ranger, D, additional, Hisham, E, additional, Ainley, P, additional, O'Neill, S, additional, Terrace, J, additional, Napetti, S, additional, Hopwood, B, additional, Rhys, T, additional, Kanavati, O, additional, Coats, M, additional, Aleksandrov, D, additional, Kallaway, C, additional, Yahya, S, additional, Templeton, A, additional, Trotter, M, additional, Lo, C, additional, Dhillon, A, additional, Heywood, N, additional, Aawsaj, Y, additional, Hamdan, A, additional, Reece-Bolton, O, additional, McGuigan, A, additional, Shahin, Y, additional, Ali, A, additional, Luther, A, additional, Nicholson, J A, additional, Rajendran, I, additional, Boal, M, additional, and Ritchie, J, additional

Published
2016
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