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1. Strangeness production in s NN $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: The STAR collaboration, M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S. R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I. M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F. A. Flor, C. Fu, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y. V. Khyzhniak, D. P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, J. Kołaś, L. K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M. C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J. M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, C. Li, D. Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M. A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R. S. Longacre, E. M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X. F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, O. Matonoha, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, J. Mrazkova, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, S. Pal, A. Pandav, A. Panday, A. K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B. R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. L. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R. L. Ray, R. Reed, C. W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M. A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B. C. Schaefer, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S. R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D. J. Stewart, Y. Su, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, M. Svoboda, Z. W. Sweger, A. C. Tamis, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. A. Voloshin, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Fixed Target Experiments, Relativistic Heavy Ion Physics, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report multi-differential measurements of strange hadron production ranging from mid- to target-rapidity in Au+Au collisions at a center-of-momentum energy per nucleon pair of s NN $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 3 GeV with the STAR experiment at RHIC. K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ meson and Λ hyperon yields are measured via their weak decay channels. Collision centrality and rapidity dependences of the transverse momentum spectra and particle ratios are presented. Particle mass and centrality dependence of the average transverse momenta of Λ and K S 0 $$ {K}_S^0 $$ are compared with other strange particles, providing evidence of the development of hadronic rescattering in such collisions. The 4π yields of each of these strange hadrons show a consistent centrality dependence. Discussions on radial flow, the strange hadron production mechanism, and properties of the medium created in such collisions are presented together with results from hadronic transport and thermal model calculations.
Published: 2024
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2. Understanding the Sequelae of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the United States

Author: Gary S. Marshall, Zachary L. McCormick, Jeffery S. Johns, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Oscar Herrera-Restrepo, and Lee H. Harrison
Subjects: Disease burden, Invasive meningococcal disease, MenABCWY, MenACWY, MenB, Sequelae, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: Abstract Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is an uncommon but serious and potentially fatal condition that can result in reduced life expectancy and a broad spectrum of sequelae, many of which may be lifelong and devastating for those who survive the acute disease period. In the United States of America (USA), vaccination is available against the five meningococcal serogroups (A, B, C, W, and Y), but meningococcal vaccination rates among healthy USA adolescents and individuals at high risk because of medical conditions are low, rendering them vulnerable to IMD and its sequelae. Despite the severity of the disease, the clinical impact and rates of IMD sequelae in the USA are poorly understood, as USA-specific data are limited, and the methodology of existing research is heterogenous. This commentary presents clinical experts’ perspectives on IMD sequelae based on the available published evidence and direct clinical experience. Among sequelae previously identified in a global systematic literature review, 16 conditions were considered as related to IMD by the present authors. These sequelae include short- and long-term physical, neurological, and emotional consequences that impose a substantial humanistic burden on survivors and their caregivers and result in considerable healthcare and societal costs. This commentary highlights existing knowledge gaps concerning IMD sequelae, including the unclear relationship between IMD and mental health disorders, the contribution of sequelae to the disease burden, prevalence of late-onset sequelae among survivors, and timing of the development of sequelae in different age groups. Addressing these knowledge gaps can inform decisions regarding clinical management in the post-acute period and help quantify the impact of prevention through meningococcal vaccination.
Published: 2024
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3. Evolution of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing ST131 Escherichia coli at a single hospital over 15 years

Author: Shu-Ting Cho, Emma G. Mills, Marissa P. Griffith, Hayley R. Nordstrom, Christi L. McElheny, Lee H. Harrison, Yohei Doi, and Daria Van Tyne
Subjects: Escherichia coli, Antimicrobial resistance, Comparative genomics, Mobile genetic elements, Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Escherichia coli multi-locus sequence type ST131 is a globally distributed pandemic lineage that causes multidrug-resistant extra-intestinal infections. ST131 E. coli frequently produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which confer resistance to many β-lactam antibiotics and make infections difficult to treat. We sequenced the genomes of 154 ESBL-producing E. coli clinical isolates belonging to the ST131 lineage from patients at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) between 2004 and 2018. Isolates belonged to the well described ST131 clades A (8%), B (3%), and C (89%). Time-dated phylogenetic analysis estimated that the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for all clade C isolates emerged around 1989, consistent with previous studies. We identified multiple genes potentially under selection in clade C, including the cell wall assembly gene ftsI, the LPS biosynthesis gene arnC, and the yersiniabactin uptake receptor fyuA. Diverse ESBL-encoding genes belonging to the bla CTX-M, bla SHV, and bla TEM families were identified; these genes were found at varying numbers of loci and in variable numbers of copies across isolates. Analysis of ESBL flanking regions revealed diverse mobile elements that varied by ESBL type. Overall, our findings show that ST131 subclade C dominated among patients and uncover possible signals of ongoing adaptation within this ST131 lineage.
Published: 2024
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4. Effect of dietary fat source on the composition of the cecal microbiome in maturing broiler chicken

Author: Vidya V. Jadhav, Yewande Fasina, Paul C. Omaliko, Jian Han, and Scott H. Harrison
Subjects: broiler chicken, chicken microbiome, 16S rRNA gene, microbial composition, microbial function, dietary fat, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: Diet has been found to significantly influence gut microbiota throughout various life stages, and gut microbiota have been increasingly shown to influence host physiology, health, and behavior. This study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to examine the effects of six different fat-supplemented diets (canola oil, coconut oil, fish oil, flaxseed oil, lard, and olive oil) on broiler chicken cecal microbial composition and predicted function in comparison with a common and inexpensive fat source (poultry fat). Groups of broilers were fed each of these diets and then evaluated on day 41 and day 55 of age. For both 41- and 55-day samples, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla were the dominant bacteria in the ceca accounting for 99% of the microbial community. Across the 41- and 55-day samples, treatment time was associated with a stronger and more significant microbiota shift (p
Published: 2024
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5. Measurements of charged-particle multiplicity dependence of higher-order net-proton cumulants in p + p collisions at s=200 GeV from STAR at RHIC

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S.R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, J. Kołaś, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M.C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, C. Li, D. Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, O. Matonoha, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, B. Mondal, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, J. Mrazkova, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, S. Pal, A. Pandav, A. Panday, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B.C. Schaefer, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, Y. Su, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, M. Svoboda, Z.W. Sweger, A.C. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: QCD phase diagram, Crossover, Event-by-event fluctuation, Higher-order cumulant, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report on the charged-particle multiplicity dependence of net-proton cumulant ratios up to sixth order from s=200 GeV p+p collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The measured ratios C4/C2, C5/C1, and C6/C2 decrease with increased charged-particle multiplicity and rapidity acceptance. Neither the Skellam baselines nor PYTHIA8 calculations account for the observed multiplicity dependence. In addition, the ratios C5/C1 and C6/C2 approach negative values in the highest-multiplicity events, which implies that thermalized QCD matter may be formed in p+p collisions.
Published: 2024
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6. Correction to: Understanding the Sequelae of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in the United States

Author: Gary S. Marshall, Zachary L. McCormick, Jeffery S. Johns, Monica Verduzco-Gutierrez, Oscar Herrera-Restrepo, and Lee H. Harrison
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Published: 2024
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7. Collision-energy dependence of deuteron cumulants and proton-deuteron correlations in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S.R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M.C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, D. Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, S. Pal, A. Pandav, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B.C. Schaefer, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, A.C. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Heavy-ion collisions, Deuteron production, Coalescence, Thermal model, Higher moments, Critical point, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report the first measurements of cumulants, up to 4th order, of deuteron number distributions and proton-deuteron correlations in Au+Au collisions recorded by the STAR experiment in phase-I of Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Deuteron cumulants, their ratios, and proton-deuteron mixed cumulants are presented for different collision centralities covering a range of center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair sNN=7.7 to 200 GeV. It is found that the cumulant ratios at lower collision energies favor a canonical ensemble over a grand canonical ensemble in thermal models. An anti-correlation between proton and deuteron multiplicity is observed across all collision energies and centralities, consistent with the expectation from global baryon number conservation. The UrQMD model coupled with a phase-space coalescence mechanism qualitatively reproduces the collision-energy dependence of cumulant ratios and proton-deuteron correlations.
Published: 2024
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8. Upper limit on the chiral magnetic effect in isobar collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider

Author: M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, J. R. Adams, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. Aitbaev, I. Alekseev, E. Alpatov, A. Aparin, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, G. S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S. R. Bhosale, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, C. Broodo, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, T. G. Dedovich, I. M. Deppner, A. A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F. A. Flor, C. Fu, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, A. Hamed, Y. Han, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, A. Khanal, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, L. Kochenda, A. A. Korobitsin, A. Yu. Kraeva, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, M. C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J. M. Landgraf, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, D. Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, T. Lin, Y. Lin, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R. S. Longacre, E. M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X. F. Luo, V. B. Luong, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, H. S. Matis, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, N. G. Minaev, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D. A. Morozov, A. Mudrokh, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, M. Nasim, E. Nedorezov, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, D. B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, L. V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V. A. Okorokov, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, R. Pak, S. Pal, A. Pandav, A. K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, T. Pani, P. Parfenov, A. Paul, C. Perkins, B. R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, A. Povarov, T. Protzman, N. K. Pruthi, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R. L. Ray, H. G. Ritter, C. W. Robertson, O. V. Rogachevsky, M. A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, E. Samigullin, S. Sato, B. C. Schaefer, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S. R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, D. J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D. N. Svirida, Z. W. Sweger, A. C. Tamis, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. V. Tokarev, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, A. N. Vasiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S. A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S. W. Wissink, J. Wu, X. Wu, Wu X., B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is a phenomenon that arises from the QCD anomaly in the presence of an external magnetic field. The experimental search for its evidence has been one of the key goals of the physics program of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider. The STAR Collaboration has previously presented the results of a blind analysis of isobar collisions (_{44}^{96}Ru+_{44}^{96}Ru, _{40}^{96}Zr+_{40}^{96}Zr) in the search for the CME. The isobar ratio (Y) of CME-sensitive observable, charge separation scaled by elliptic anisotropy, is close to but systematically larger than the inverse multiplicity ratio, the naive background baseline. This indicates the potential existence of a CME signal and the presence of remaining nonflow background due to two- and three-particle correlations, which are different between the isobars. In this postblind analysis, we estimate the contributions from those nonflow correlations as a background baseline to Y, utilizing the isobar data as well as Heavy Ion Jet Interaction Generator simulations. This baseline is found consistent with the isobar ratio measurement, and an upper limit of 10% at 95% confidence level is extracted for the CME fraction in the charge separation measurement in isobar collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV.
Published: 2024
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9. Measurements of the Z0/γ⁎ cross section and transverse single spin asymmetry in 510 GeV p + p collisions

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S.R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M.C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, D. Li, H.-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, J. Mrazkova, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, S. Pal, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B.C. Schaefer, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, Y. Su, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, M. Svoboda, Z.W. Sweger, A.C. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Z0, Cross section, Transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs), Transverse single spin asymmetry (TSSA, AN), Sivers function, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The differential cross section for Z0 production, measured as a function of the boson's transverse momentum (pT), provides important constraints on the evolution of the transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). The transverse single spin asymmetry (TSSA) of the Z0 is sensitive to one of the polarized TMDs, the Sivers function, which is predicted to have the opposite sign in p+p →W/Z+X from that which enters in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering. In this Letter, the STAR Collaboration reports the first measurement of the Z0/γ⁎ differential cross section as a function of its pT in p+p collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 510 GeV, together with the Z0/γ⁎ total cross section. We also report the measurement of Z0/γ⁎ TSSA in transversely polarized p+p collisions at 510 GeV.
Published: 2024
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10. A guide for social science journal editors on easing into open science

Author: Priya Silverstein, Colin Elman, Amanda Montoya, Barbara McGillivray, Charlotte R. Pennington, Chase H. Harrison, Crystal N. Steltenpohl, Jan Philipp Röer, Katherine S. Corker, Lisa M. Charron, Mahmoud Elsherif, Mario Malicki, Rachel Hayes-Harb, Sandra Grinschgl, Tess Neal, Thomas Rhys Evans, Veli-Matti Karhulahti, William L. D. Krenzer, Anabel Belaus, David Moreau, Debora I. Burin, Elizabeth Chin, Esther Plomp, Evan Mayo-Wilson, Jared Lyle, Jonathan M. Adler, Julia G. Bottesini, Katherine M. Lawson, Kathleen Schmidt, Kyrani Reneau, Lars Vilhuber, Ludo Waltman, Morton Ann Gernsbacher, Paul E. Plonski, Sakshi Ghai, Sean Grant, Thu-Mai Christian, William Ngiam, and Moin Syed
Subjects: Open science, Journal editing, Scholarly publishing, Peer review, General Works
Abstract: Abstract Journal editors have a large amount of power to advance open science in their respective fields by incentivising and mandating open policies and practices at their journals. The Data PASS Journal Editors Discussion Interface (JEDI, an online community for social science journal editors: www.dpjedi.org ) has collated several resources on embedding open science in journal editing ( www.dpjedi.org/resources ). However, it can be overwhelming as an editor new to open science practices to know where to start. For this reason, we created a guide for journal editors on how to get started with open science. The guide outlines steps that editors can take to implement open policies and practices within their journal, and goes through the what, why, how, and worries of each policy and practice. This manuscript introduces and summarizes the guide (full guide: https://doi.org/10.31219/osf.io/hstcx ).
Published: 2024
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11. Results on elastic cross sections in proton–proton collisions at s=510 GeV with the STAR detector at RHIC

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S.R. Bhosale, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, C. Broodo, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Khanal, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kumar, M.C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, D. Li, H-S. Li, H. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, J. Luo, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, R. Manikandhan, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, G. McNamara, O. Mezhanska, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, S. Pal, A. Pandav, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, B.C. Schaefer, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, A.C. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, K. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Elastic scattering, B-slope, Diffraction, Proton–proton collisions, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report results on an elastic cross section measurement in proton–proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy s=510 GeV, obtained with the Roman Pot setup of the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The elastic differential cross section is measured in the four-momentum transfer squared range 0.23≤−t≤0.67 GeV2. This is the only measurement of the proton-proton elastic cross section in this t range for collision energies above the Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR) and below the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) colliders. We find that a constant slope B does not fit the data in the aforementioned t range, and we obtain a much better fit using a second-order polynomial for B(t). This is the first measurement below the LHC energies for which the non-constant behavior B(t) is observed. The t dependence of B is also determined using six subintervals of t in the STAR measured t range, and is in good agreement with the phenomenological models. The measured elastic differential cross section dσ/dt agrees well with the results obtained at s=540 GeV for proton–antiproton collisions by the UA4 experiment. We also determine that the integrated elastic cross section within the STAR t-range is σelfid=462.1±0.9(stat.)±1.1(syst.)±11.6(scale) μb.
Published: 2024
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12. Real-time genomic epidemiologic investigation of a multispecies plasmid-associated hospital outbreak of NDM-5-producing Enterobacterales infections

Author: Nathan J. Raabe, Abby L. Valek, Marissa P. Griffith, Emma Mills, Kady Waggle, Vatsala Rangachar Srinivasa, Ashley M. Ayres, Claire Bradford, Hannah M. Creager, Lora L. Pless, Alexander J. Sundermann, Daria Van Tyne, Graham M. Snyder, and Lee H. Harrison
Subjects: New-Delhi metallo-β-lactamase, Outbreak investigation, Plasmid, Whole genome sequencing, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: ABSTRACT: Objectives: New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) is an emergent mechanism of carbapenem resistance associated with high mortality and limited treatment options. Because the blaNDM resistance gene is often carried on plasmids, traditional infection prevention and control (IP&C) surveillance methods and reactive whole genome sequencing (WGS) may not detect plasmid transfer in multispecies outbreaks. Methods: Initial outbreak detection of NDM-producing Enterobacterales identified at an acute care hospital occurred via traditional IP&C methods and was supplemented by real-time WGS surveillance performed weekly. To resolve NDM-encoding plasmids, we performed long-read sequencing and constructed hybrid assemblies. WGS data for suspected outbreaks was shared with the IP&C team for assessment and intervention. Results: We observed a multispecies outbreak of NDM-5-producing Enterobacterales isolated from 15 patients between February 2021 and February 2023. The 19 clinical and surveillance isolates sequenced included 7 bacterial species encoding the same NDM-5 plasmid. WGS surveillance and epidemiologic investigation characterized 10 horizontal plasmid transfer events and 6 bacterial transmission events between patients in varying hospital units. Conclusions: Our investigation revealed a complex, multispecies outbreak of NDM involving multiple plasmid transfer and bacterial transmission events. We highlight the utility of combining traditional IP&C and prospective genomic methods in identifying and containing plasmid-associated outbreaks.
Published: 2024
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13. Optimal profitable allocation of associated natural gas resource on a countrywide basis to mitigate flaring

Author: Gbubemi H. Harrison and A. Sahel
Subjects: Gas flaring, Gas injection, Optimization, MILP, Technological Economics, Natural Resource Policy, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971
Abstract: The flaring of large volumes of the natural gas that is produced as a by-product of crude oil, has puzzled the energy-hungry world for long. In recent years, it has also drawn the angst of the environmental and global-warming advocacy groups. The issues behind gas flaring are complex, as they involve a dynamic interplay of geosciences, engineering, economics, finance and natural resource policy-making.The purpose of this research is to analyze the associated gas problem quantitatively from a country-wide perspective. Unlike prior studies, this work focusses on the upstream side where the crucial strategic decisions are made upfront. To this end, a mathematical model is proposed for seeking the optimal integrated management strategy for the said national resource. The model is based on the Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) technique and consists of scores of techno-economic decision variables and constraint equations along with a profit maximization objective.The model is general in nature but is applied herein to Nigeria as a case study. Several simulation runs are made to provide results for explanatory and prediction purposes. Model results indicate, for example, that a minimum gas price of $4.4/Mscf and minimum spend of $22B are jointly required to achieve zero-flaring, yielding a $10B profit. This is achievable via a strategy of reinjecting all associated gas produced from medium and large-sized fields, but gathering and selling all gas from small fields. Capital availability, rather than nationwide government-decreed flaring control, is shown to be the dominant determinant of profitable flaring mitigation. The model has proven to be a valuable tool for establishing the inter-relations between the key problem parameters under various pricing and resource base scenarios, and for prognosticating the trajectory of the gas industry in various jurisdictions.
Published: 2023
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14. Simulated virtual on-call training programme for improving non-specialised junior doctors' confidence in out-of-hours psychiatry: quantitative assessment

Author: Helen Blamey, Charlotte H. Harrison, Alistair Roddick, Tina Malhotra, and Kate E. A. Saunders
Subjects: Cost-effectiveness, education and training, information technologies, virtual training, simulation, Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract: Aims and method To investigate whether a psychiatry-specific virtual on-call training programme improved confidence of junior trainees in key areas of psychiatry practice. The programme comprised one 90 min lecture and a 2 h simulated on-call shift where participants were bleeped to complete a series of common on-call tasks, delivered via Microsoft Teams. Results Thirty-eight trainees attended the lecture, with a significant improvement in confidence in performing seclusion reviews (P = 0.001), prescribing psychiatric medications for acute presentations (P < 0.001), working in section 136 suites (places of safety) (P = 0.001) and feeling prepared for psychiatric on-call shifts (P = 0.002). Respondents reported that a virtual on-call practical session would be useful for their training (median score of 7, interquartile range 5–7.75). Eighteen participants completed the virtual on-call session, with significant improvement in 9 out of the 10 tested domains (P < 0.001). Clinical implications The programme can be conducted virtually, with low resource requirements. We believe it can improve trainee well-being, patient safety, the delivery of training and induction of rotating junior doctors during the COVID-19 pandemic and it supports the development and delivery of practical training in psychiatry.
Published: 2023
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15. Impact of discontinuation of contact precautions on surveillance- and whole genome sequencing-defined methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus healthcare-associated infections

Author: Sharon Karunakaran, Lora Lee Pless, Ashley M. Ayres, Carl Ciccone, Joseph Penzelik, Alexander J. Sundermann, Elise M. Martin, Marissa P. Griffith, Kady Waggle, Jacob C. Hodges, Lee H. Harrison, and Graham M. Snyder
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Objective: Prior studies evaluating the impact of discontinuation of contact precautions (DcCP) on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outcomes have characterized all healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) rather than those likely preventable by contact precautions. We aimed to analyze the impact of DcCP on the rate of MRSA HAI including transmission events identified through whole genome sequencing (WGS) surveillance. Design: Quasi experimental interrupted time series. Setting: Acute care medical center. Participants: Inpatients. Methods: The effect of DcCP (use of gowns and gloves) for encounters among patients with MRSA carriage was evaluated using time series analysis of MRSA HAI rates from January 2019 through December 2022, compared to WGS-defined attributable transmission events before and after DcCP in December 2020. Results: The MRSA HAI rate was 4.22/10,000 patient days before and 2.98/10,000 patient days after DcCP (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.71 [95% confidence interval 0.56–0.89]) with a significant immediate decrease (P = .001). There were 7 WGS-defined attributable transmission events before and 11 events after DcCP (incident rate ratio 0.90 [95% confidence interval 0.30–2.55]). Conclusions: DcCP did not result in an increase in MRSA HAI or, in WGS-defined attributable transmission events. Comprehensive analyses of the effect of transmission prevention measures should include outcomes specifically measuring transmission-associated HAI.
Published: 2024
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16. Prolonged bacterial carriage and hospital transmission detected by whole genome sequencing surveillance

Author: Alexander J. Sundermann, Marissa P. Griffith, Vatsala Rangachar Srinivasa, Kady Waggle, Graham M. Snyder, Daria Van Tyne, Lora Pless, and Lee H. Harrison
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Published: 2024
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17. Measurement of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays in Au+Au collisions at s NN $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 200 GeV with the STAR detector

Author: The STAR collaboration, M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D. M. Anderson, E. C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. D. Brandenburg, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, M. Daugherity, I. M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F. A. Flor, C. Fu, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, M. L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y. V. Khyzhniak, D. P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, L. K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Lacey, J. M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, M. A. Lisa, C. Liu, F. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W. J. Llope, O. Lomicky, R. S. Longacre, E. M. Loyd, T. Lu, N. S. Lukow, X. F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H. S. Matis, J. A. Mazer, G. McNamara, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, D. B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A. K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B. R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R. L. Ray, R. Reed, H. G. Ritter, C. W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M. A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S. R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D. J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z. W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. Tamis, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C. A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R. E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, T. Truhlar, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Heavy Ion Experiments, Heavy Quark Production, Heavy-Ion Collision, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract We report a new measurement of the production of electrons from open heavy-flavor hadron decays (HFEs) at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.7) in Au+Au collisions at s NN $$ \sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}} $$ = 200 GeV. Invariant yields of HFEs are measured for the transverse momentum range of 3.5 < p T < 9 GeV/c in various configurations of the collision geometry. The HFE yields in head-on Au+Au collisions are suppressed by approximately a factor of 2 compared to that in p + p collisions scaled by the average number of binary collisions, indicating strong interactions between heavy quarks and the hot and dense medium created in heavy-ion collisions. Comparison of these results with models provides additional tests of theoretical calculations of heavy quark energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma.
Published: 2023
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18. Evaluation of Neoplasia, Treatments, and Survival in Lizard Species

Author: Frank Willig, Fred J. Torpy, Scott H. Harrison, Elizabeth G. Duke, Brigid Troan, Amy M. Boddy, Lisa M. Abegglen, and Tara M. Harrison
Subjects: neoplasia, lizard, surgery, chemotherapy, bearded dragon, iguana, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: Neoplasia has been reported in lizards, but more research is needed to accurately document the prevalence and prognosis of the various known neoplasms that affect lizards. This study reviewed medical records from an online database, the Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance (ESCRA), and reviewed published literature to determine the prevalence of neoplasia, malignancy, metastasis, treatment strategies, and outcomes by species and sex. Records from 55 individual lizards, 20 different species, and 37 different tumors were identified. In the literature, 219 lizards, 59 species, and 86 unique tumors were identified from 72 published case reports. Potential signalment factors such as age, sex, and species were evaluated to see if they affected case outcome. Additional factors including neoplasia type, presence of metastasis, and types of pursued treatments were also evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed to determine whether a factor was significantly associated with animal death due to the identified neoplasia or with animal survival or death due to other causes (non-neoplastic outcomes). Komodo dragons and savannah monitors were more likely to die from neoplasia compared to other lizard species. Cases where the status of metastasis was unknown were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Having an unknown status of male versus female was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Leukemia and islet cell carcinoma were significantly associated with death due to neoplastic causes. Chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. Surgery alone and radiation therapy alone each were significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death, while lizards not receiving treatment were significantly associated with death due to neoplasia. Benign neoplasia was significantly associated with non-neoplastic outcomes of death. These results will aid in the improved diagnosis and management of neoplasia in lizard species, as well as expanding our understanding of prognostic indicators of neoplasia in lizards.
Published: 2024
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19. Energy dependence of intermittency for charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D.M. Anderson, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, M. Daugherity, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, F. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, G. McNamara, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, J. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Density fluctuations near the QCD critical point can be probed via an intermittency analysis in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We report the first measurement of intermittency in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 7.7-200 GeV measured by the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The scaled factorial moments of identified charged hadrons are analyzed at mid-rapidity and within the transverse momentum phase space. We observe a power-law behavior of scaled factorial moments in Au+Au collisions and a decrease in the extracted scaling exponent (ν) from peripheral to central collisions. The ν is consistent with a constant for different collisions energies in the mid-central (10-40%) collisions. Moreover, the ν in the 0-5% most central Au+Au collisions exhibits a non-monotonic energy dependence that reaches a minimum around sNN = 27 GeV. The physics implications on the QCD phase structure are discussed.
Published: 2023
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20. Erratum to: Evidence of Mass Ordering of Charm and Bottom Quark Energy Loss in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: M. S. Abdallah, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, J. K. Adkins, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D. M. Anderson, E. C. Aschenauer, J. Atchison, X. Bai, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. D. Brandenburg, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, I. M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F. M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, M. L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H. W. Ke, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y. V. Khyzhniak, D. P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, L. K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J. H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J. M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M. A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W. J. Llope, R. S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N. S. Lukow, X. F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H. S. Matis, J. A. Mazer, G. McNamara, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, D. B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, A. S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A. K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B. R. Pokhrel, J. Porter, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R. L. Ray, R. Reed, H. G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, J. L. Romero, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P. V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, E. P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, D. J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z. W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C. A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R. E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, P. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, M. Zyzak, and STAR Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Published: 2023
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21. When Africa Awakes

Author: Hubert H. Harrison
Published: 2023

22. Captain of the Andes: The Life of Don Jose de San Martin Liberator of Argentina, Chile and Peru

Author: Margaret H. Harrison
Published: 2023

23. Evidence of Mass Ordering of Charm and Bottom Quark Energy Loss in Au+Au Collisions at RHIC

Author: M. S. Abdallah, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams, J. K. Adkins, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D. M. Anderson, E. C. Aschenauer, J. Atchison, X. Bai, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J. D. Brandenburg, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, I. M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F. M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, C. A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, M. L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H. W. Ke, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y. V. Khyzhniak, D. P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, L. K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J. H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J. M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M. A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W. J. Llope, R. S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N. S. Lukow, X. F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H. S. Matis, J. A. Mazer, G. McNamara, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, D. B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, A. S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A. K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B. R. Pokhrel, J. Porter, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N. K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R. L. Ray, R. Reed, H. G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, J. L. Romero, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P. V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, E. P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, D. J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, A. A. P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z. W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, A. R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C. A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R. E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B. A. Trzeciak, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, P. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, S. W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, M. Zyzak, and STAR Collaboration
Subjects: Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: Abstract Partons traversing the strongly interacting medium produced in heavy-ion collisions are expected to lose energy depending on their color charge and mass. We measure the nuclear modification factors for charm- and bottom-decay electrons, defined as the ratio of yields, divided by the number of binary nucleon–nucleon collisions, in $$\sqrt{s_{\textrm{NN}}}=200$$ s NN = 200 GeV Au+Au collisions to p+p collisions ( $$R_{\textrm{AA}}$$ R AA ), or in central to peripheral Au+Au collisions ( $$R_{\textrm{CP}}$$ R CP ). We find the bottom-decay electron $$R_{\textrm{AA}}$$ R AA and $$R_{\textrm{CP}}$$ R CP to be significantly higher than those of charm-decay electrons. Model calculations including mass-dependent parton energy loss in a strongly coupled medium are consistent with the measured data. These observations provide evidence of mass ordering of charm and bottom quark energy loss when traversing through the strongly coupled medium created in heavy-ion collisions.
Published: 2022
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24. Elliptic flow of heavy-flavor decay electrons in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 27 and 54.4 GeV at RHIC

Author: M.I. Abdulhamid, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D.M. Anderson, E.C. Aschenauer, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, M. Daugherity, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, F. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E.M. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, G. McNamara, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, M. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Heavy-flavor decay electron, Elliptic flow, Charm quark spatial diffusion coefficient, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report on new measurements of elliptic flow (v2) of electrons from heavy-flavor hadron decays at mid-rapidity (|y|
Published: 2023
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25. Observation of the Electromagnetic Field Effect via Charge-Dependent Directed Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: M. I. Abdulhamid, B. E. Aboona, J. Adam, J. R. Adams, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M. M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. Aitbaev, I. Alekseev, E. Alpatov, A. Aparin, S. Aslam, J. Atchison, G. S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, J. G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, S. R. Bhosale, I. G. Bordyuzhin, J. D. Brandenburg, A. V. Brandin, X. Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, B. K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, D. Chen, J. Chen, J. H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H. J. Crawford, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, A. P. Dash, M. Daugherity, T. G. Dedovich, I. M. Deppner, A. A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J. L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J. C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C. J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F. A. Flor, C. Fu, T. Gao, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, A. Hamed, Y. Han, M. D. Harasty, J. W. Harris, H. Harrison-Smith, W. He, X. H. He, Y. He, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H. Z. Huang, S. L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T. J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W. W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E. G. Judd, S. Kabana, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, A. Kiselev, A. G. Knospe, H. S. Ko, L. Kochenda, A. A. Korobitsin, A. Yu. Kraeva, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, M. C. Labonte, R. Lacey, J. M. Landgraf, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J. H. Lee, Y. H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, H-S. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, T. Lin, Y. Lin, C. Liu, F. Liu, G. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, O. Lomicky, R. S. Longacre, E. M. Loyd, T. Lu, N. S. Lukow, X. F. Luo, V. B. Luong, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y. G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, H. S. Matis, G. McNamara, K. Mi, N. G. Minaev, B. Mohanty, M. M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D. A. Morozov, A. Mudrokh, M. I. Nagy, A. S. Nain, J. D. Nam, M. Nasim, E. Nedorezov, D. Neff, J. M. Nelson, D. B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, L. V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V. A. Okorokov, K. Okubo, B. S. Page, R. Pak, A. Pandav, Y. Panebratsev, T. Pani, P. Parfenov, A. Paul, C. Perkins, B. R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, A. Povarov, T. Protzman, N. K. Pruthi, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S. K. Radhakrishnan, A. Rana, R. L. Ray, H. G. Ritter, C. W. Robertson, O. V. Rogachevsky, M. A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, L. Ruan, A. K. Sahoo, N. R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, E. Samigullin, S. Sato, B. C. Schaefer, W. B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P. V. Shanmuganathan, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S. R. Sharma, A. I. Sheikh, D. Shen, D. Y. Shen, K. Shen, S. S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q. Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M. J. Skoby, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T. D. S. Stanislaus, D. J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D. N. Svirida, Z. W. Sweger, A. C. Tamis, A. H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J. H. Thomas, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. V. Tokarev, S. Trentalange, P. Tribedy, S. K. Tripathy, O. D. Tsai, C. Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, J. Tyler, T. Ullrich, D. G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, A. N. Vasiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S. A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J. S. Wang, J. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J. C. Webb, P. C. Weidenkaff, G. D. Westfall, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S. W. Wissink, J. Wu, X. Wu, B. Xi, Z. G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q. H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, W. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z. J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The deconfined quark-gluon plasma (QGP) created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions enables the exploration of the fundamental properties of matter under extreme conditions. Noncentral collisions can produce strong magnetic fields on the order of 10^{18} G, which offers a probe into the electrical conductivity of the QGP. In particular, quarks and antiquarks carry opposite charges and receive contrary electromagnetic forces that alter their momenta. This phenomenon can be manifested in the collective motion of final-state particles, specifically in the rapidity-odd directed flow, denoted as v_{1}(y). Here, we present the charge-dependent measurements of dv_{1}/dy near midrapidities for π^{±}, K^{±}, and p(p[over ¯]) in Au+Au and isobar (_{44}^{96}Ru+_{44}^{96}Ru and _{40}^{96}Zr+_{40}^{96}Zr) collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV, and in Au+Au collisions at 27 GeV, recorded by the STAR detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. The combined dependence of the v_{1} signal on collision system, particle species, and collision centrality can be qualitatively and semiquantitatively understood as several effects on constituent quarks. While the results in central events can be explained by the u and d quarks transported from initial-state nuclei, those in peripheral events reveal the impacts of the electromagnetic field on the QGP. Our data put valuable constraints on the electrical conductivity of the QGP in theoretical calculations.
Published: 2024
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26. Retrospective Study of the Prevalence, Histopathology, Therapy, and Survival Time of Neoplastic Disease in Fish

Author: Emma Ferraro, Scott H. Harrison, Elizabeth Duke, Brigid Troan, Amy Boddy, Lisa M. Abegglen, and Tara M. Harrison
Subjects: cancer, neoplasia, fish, shark, sarcoma, carcionoma, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100, Zoology, QL1-991
Abstract: This study evaluated neoplasia in fish using medical records from zoos, aquariums, and exotic animal veterinarians. The parameters evaluated included geographic location, habitat type, signalment, anatomic location of neoplasia, type of neoplasia as confirmed with histologic examination, survival time, and treatments provided for each patient. These data were entered into the Exotic Species Cancer Research Alliance (ESCRA) database. Out of 455 cases from across the United States and England, most animals submitted were from zoologic parks or aquariums (62.9%), followed by private ownership (1.5%). The percent of female (19.3%) and male (17.8%) patients were similar, and the mean age at the time of diagnosis was 99.45 months, with a range of 12 to 300 months. The species with the highest neoplasia prevalence was koi (18.5%), followed by goldfish (10.8%). The eye was the most commonly reported site for a primary neoplasm (8.4%), and the most prevalent diagnosis across all organ systems was soft tissue sarcoma (26.2%). Only 13 patients in this study (2.9%) received any form of treatment, with a mean survival time of 8.85 months post-treatment. These data demonstrate that while information related to clinical therapy of cancer in fish species is lacking, surgical excision of tumors in fish, when feasible for the patient and client, may improve patient outcomes.
Published: 2024
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27. Search for the chiral magnetic effect in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 GeV with the STAR forward event plane detectors

Author: B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D.M. Anderson, E.C. Aschenauer, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, M. Daugherity, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, N. Herrmann, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, M.A. Lisa, C. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, G. McNamara, K. Mi, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, T. Pani, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, M. Robotkova, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, F.-J. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Chiral magnetic effect, Heavy-ion collisions, Beam energy scan, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: A decisive experimental test of the Chiral Magnetic Effect (CME) is considered one of the major scientific goals at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) towards understanding the nontrivial topological fluctuations of the Quantum Chromodynamics vacuum. In heavy-ion collisions, the CME is expected to result in a charge separation phenomenon across the reaction plane, whose strength could be strongly energy dependent. The previous CME searches have been focused on top RHIC energy collisions. In this Letter, we present a low energy search for the CME in Au+Au collisions at sNN=27 GeV. We measure elliptic flow scaled charge-dependent correlators relative to the event planes that are defined at both mid-rapidity |η|
Published: 2023
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28. Beam energy dependence of the linear and mode-coupled flow harmonics in Au+Au collisions

Author: B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, J.R. Adams, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. Aitbaev, I. Alekseev, D.M. Anderson, A. Aparin, J. Atchison, G.S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, S. Bhatta, I.G. Bordyuzhin, J.D. Brandenburg, A.V. Brandin, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, J. Ceska, I. Chakaberia, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, Y. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, G. Dale-Gau, A. Das, M. Daugherity, T.G. Dedovich, I.M. Deppner, A.A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, F.A. Flor, C. Fu, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, A. Hamed, Y. Han, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, A. Jalotra, C. Jena, Y. Ji, J. Jia, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, M. Kelsey, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L. Kochenda, A.A. Korobitsin, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, R. Lacey, J.M. Landgraf, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, T. Lin, C. Liu, F. Liu, H. Liu, L. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, O. Lomicky, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, V.B. Luong, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, G. McNamara, K. Mi, N.G. Minaev, B. Mohanty, I. Mooney, D.A. Morozov, A. Mudrokh, A. Mukherjee, M.I. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, L.V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V.A. Okorokov, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, T. Pani, P. Parfenov, A. Paul, C. Perkins, B.R. Pokhrel, M. Posik, T. Protzman, N.K. Pruthi, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, H.G. Ritter, C.W. Robertson, O.V. Rogachevsky, M.A. Rosales Aguilar, D. Roy, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, E. Samigullin, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, M. Sharma, N. Sharma, R. Sharma, S.R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, F. Si, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, Y. Söhngen, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, D.J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, Y. Su, C. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D.N. Svirida, Z.W. Sweger, A. Tamis, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M.V. Tokarev, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, A.N. Vasiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, H. Wieman, G. Wilks, S.W. Wissink, J. Wu, X. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, Z. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, S. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Collectivity, Correlation, Shear viscosity, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: The linear and mode-coupled contributions to higher-order anisotropic flow are presented for Au+Au collisions at sNN = 27, 39, 54.4, and 200 GeV and compared to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The coefficients and the flow harmonics' correlations, which characterize the linear and mode-coupled response to the lower-order anisotropies, indicate a beam energy dependence consistent with an influence from the specific shear viscosity (η/s). In contrast, the dimensionless coefficients, mode-coupled response coefficients, and normalized symmetric cumulants are approximately beam-energy independent, consistent with a significant role from initial-state effects. These measurements could provide unique supplemental constraints to (i) distinguish between different initial-state models and (ii) delineate the temperature (T) and baryon chemical potential (μB) dependence of the specific shear viscosity ηs(T,μB).
Published: 2023
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29. Agent-based model of the impact of higher influenza vaccine efficacy on seasonal influenza burden

Author: Mary G. Krauland, Richard K. Zimmerman, Katherine V. Williams, Jonathan M. Raviotta, Lee H. Harrison, John V. Williams, and Mark S. Roberts
Subjects: Influenza, Agent-based modeling, Vaccine, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract: Introduction: Current influenza vaccines have limited effectiveness. COVID-19 vaccines using mRNA technology have demonstrated very high efficacy, suggesting that mRNA vaccines could be more effective for influenza. Several such influenza vaccines are in development. FRED, an agent-based modeling platform, was used to estimate the impact of more effective influenza vaccines on seasonal influenza burden. Methods: Simulations were performed using an agent-based model of influenza that included varying levels of vaccination efficacy (40–95 % effective). In some simulations, level of infectiousness and/or length of infectious period in agents with breakthrough infections was also decreased. Impact of increased and decreased levels of vaccine uptake were also modeled. Outcomes included number of symptomatic influenza cases estimated for the US. Results: Highly effective vaccines significantly reduced estimated influenza cases in the model. When vaccine efficacy was increased from 40 % to a maximum of 95 %, estimated influenza cases in the US decreased by 43 % to > 99 %. The base simulation (40 % efficacy) resulted in ∼ 28 million total yearly cases in the US, while the most effective vaccine modeled (95 % efficacy) decreased estimated cases to ∼ 22,000. Discussion: Highly effective vaccines could dramatically reduce influenza burden. Model estimates suggest that even modest increases in vaccine efficacy could dramatically reduce seasonal influenza disease burden.
Published: 2023
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30. North to south gradient and local waves of influenza in Chile

Author: Christian Garcia-Calavaro, Lee H. Harrison, Darya Pokutnaya, Christina F. Mair, Maria M. Brooks, and Wilbert van Panhuis
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Influenza seasonality is caused by complex interactions between environmental factors, viral mutations, population crowding, and human travel. To date, no studies have estimated the seasonality and latitudinal patterns of seasonal influenza in Chile. We obtained influenza-like illness (ILI) surveillance data from 29 Chilean public health networks to evaluate seasonality using wavelet analysis. We assessed the relationship between the start, peak, and latitude of the ILI epidemics using linear and piecewise regression. To estimate the presence of incoming and outgoing traveling waves (timing vs distance) between networks and to assess the association with population size, we used linear and logistic regression. We found a north to south gradient of influenza and traveling waves that were present in the central, densely populated region of Chile. Our findings suggest that larger populations in central Chile drive seasonal influenza epidemics.
Published: 2022
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31. Sparse Longitudinal Representations of Electronic Health Record Data for the Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in Diabetic Patients.

Author: Jinghe Zhang, Kamran Kowsari, Mehdi Boukhechba, James H. Harrison, Jennifer M. Lobo, and Laura E. Barnes
Published: 2020
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32. Effect of the spatial–temporal specific theca cell Cyp17 overexpression on the reproductive phenotype of the novel TC17 mouse

Author: Christian Secchi, Martina Belli, Tracy N. H. Harrison, Joseph Swift, CheMyong Ko, Antoni J. Duleba, Dwayne Stupack, R. Jeffrey Chang, and Shunichi Shimasaki
Subjects: CYP17, Theca cells, Androgen excess, Mouse model, Ovary, Transgender, Medicine
Abstract: Abstract Background In the ovarian follicle, the Theca Cells (TCs) have two main functions: preserving morphological integrity and, importantly, secreting steroid androgen hormones. TCs express the essential enzyme 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (CYP17), which permits the conversion of pregnenolone and progesterone into androgens. Dysregulation of CYP17 enzyme activity due to an intrinsic ovarian defect is hypothesized to be a cause of hyperandrogenism in women. Androgen excess is observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) resulting from excess endogenous androgen production, and in transgender males undergoing exogenous testosterone therapy after female sex assignment at birth. However, the molecular and morphological effects of Cyp17 overexpression and androgen excess on folliculogenesis is unknown. Methods In this work, seeking a comprehensive profiling of the local outcomes of the androgen excess in the ovary, we generated a transgenic mouse model (TC17) with doxycycline (Dox)-induced Cyp17 overexpression in a local and temporal manner. TC17 mice were obtained by a combination of the Tet-dependent expression system and the Cre/LoxP gene control system. Results Ovaries of Dox-treated TC17 mice overexpressed Cyp17 specifically in TCs, inducing high testosterone levels. Surprisingly, TC17 ovarian morphology resembled the human ovarian features of testosterone-treated transgender men (partially impaired folliculogenesis, hypertrophic or luteinized stromal cells, atretic follicles, and collapsed clusters). We additionally assessed TC17 fertility denoting a perturbation of the normal reproductive functions (e.g., low pregnancy rate and numbers of pups per litter). Finally, RNAseq analysis permitted us to identify dysregulated genes (Lhcgr, Fshr, Runx1) and pathways (Extra Cellular Matrix and Steroid Synthesis). Conclusions Our novel mouse model is a versatile tool to provide innovative insights into study the effects of Cyp17 overexpression and hyperandrogenism in the ovary.
Published: 2021
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33. Connecting gut microbiomes and short chain fatty acids with the serotonergic system and behavior in Gallus gallus and other avian species

Author: Vidya V. Jadhav, Jian Han, Yewande Fasina, and Scott H. Harrison
Subjects: gut microbiome, gut‐brain axis, short chain fatty acids, serotonin, chicken, avians, Physiology, QP1-981
Abstract: The chicken gastrointestinal tract has a diverse microbial community. There is increasing evidence for how this gut microbiome affects specific molecular pathways and the overall physiology, nervous system and behavior of the chicken host organism due to a growing number of studies investigating conditions such as host diet, antibiotics, probiotics, and germ-free and germ-reduced models. Systems-level investigations have revealed a network of microbiome-related interactions between the gut and state of health and behavior in chickens and other animals. While some microbial symbionts are crucial for maintaining stability and normal host physiology, there can also be dysbiosis, disruptions to nutrient flow, and other outcomes of dysregulation and disease. Likewise, alteration of the gut microbiome is found for chickens exhibiting differences in feather pecking (FP) behavior and this alteration is suspected to be responsible for behavioral change. In chickens and other organisms, serotonin is a chief neuromodulator that links gut microbes to the host brain as microbes modulate the serotonin secreted by the host’s own intestinal enterochromaffin cells which can stimulate the central nervous system via the vagus nerve. A substantial part of the serotonergic network is conserved across birds and mammals. Broader investigations of multiple species and subsequent cross-comparisons may help to explore general functionality of this ancient system and its increasingly apparent central role in the gut-brain axis of vertebrates. Dysfunctional behavioral phenotypes from the serotonergic system moreover occur in both birds and mammals with, for example, FP in chickens and depression in humans. Recent studies of the intestine as a major site of serotonin synthesis have been identifying routes by which gut microbial metabolites regulate the chicken serotonergic system. This review in particular highlights the influence of gut microbial metabolite short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on the serotonergic system. The role of SCFAs in physiological and brain disorders may be considerable because of their ability to cross intestinal as well as the blood-brain barriers, leading to influences on the serotonergic system via binding to receptors and epigenetic modulations. Examinations of these mechanisms may translate into a more general understanding of serotonergic system development within chickens and other avians.
Published: 2022
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34. Measurement of HΛ4 and HeΛ4 binding energy in Au+Au collisions at sNN = 3 GeV

Author: M.S. Abdallah, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, J.K. Adkins, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, D.M. Anderson, E.C. Aschenauer, M.U. Ashraf, J. Atchison, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, J.D. Brandenburg, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, I.M. Deppner, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F.M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, C. Jin, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J.H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, Z. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, P. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, A. Mukherjee, M. Nagy, A.S. Nain, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, L.S. Pinsky, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, J. Porter, M. Posik, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, Z. Qin, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, J.L. Romero, D. Roy, P. Roy Chowdhury, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, F-J. Seck, J. Seger, M. Sergeeva, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, K. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, E.P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, Y. Song, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, B. Stringfellow, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, X.M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, C.Y. Tsang, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, P. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, D. Wielanek, H. Wieman, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, J. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Measurements of mass and Λ binding energy of Λ4H and Λ4He in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV are presented, with an aim to address the charge symmetry breaking (CSB) problem in hypernuclei systems with atomic number A = 4. The Λ binding energies are measured to be 2.22±0.06(stat.)±0.14(syst.) MeV and 2.38±0.13(stat.)±0.12(syst.) MeV for Λ4H and Λ4He, respectively. The measured Λ binding-energy difference is 0.16±0.14(stat.)±0.10(syst.) MeV for ground states. Combined with the γ-ray transition energies, the binding-energy difference for excited states is −0.16±0.14(stat.)±0.10(syst.) MeV, which is negative and comparable to the value of the ground states within uncertainties. These new measurements on the Λ binding-energy difference in A = 4 hypernuclei systems are consistent with the theoretical calculations that result in ΔBΛ4(1exc+)≈−ΔBΛ4(0g.s.+)
Published: 2022
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35. Probing strangeness canonical ensemble with K−, ϕ(1020) and Ξ− production in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV

Author: M.S. Abdallah, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, J.K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, D.M. Anderson, A. Aparin, E.C. Aschenauer, M.U. Ashraf, F.G. Atetalla, A. Attri, G.S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, I.G. Bordyuzhin, J.D. Brandenburg, A.V. Brandin, I. Bunzarov, J. Butterworth, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, F.-H. Chang, Z. Chang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Chevalier, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, T.G. Dedovich, I.M. Deppner, A.A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, N. Elsey, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F.M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, P. Federic, J. Fedorisin, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, P. Filip, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, L. Fulek, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A.I. Hamad, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, G. Igo, D. Isenhower, W.W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, C. Kim, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L. Kochenda, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J.H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, P. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, N.G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D.A. Morozov, A. Mukherjee, M. Nagy, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, L.V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V.A. Okorokov, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, P. Parfenov, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, H. Pei, C. Perkins, L. Pinsky, R.L. Pintér, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, G. Ponimatkin, J. Porter, M. Posik, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, O.V. Rogachevskiy, J.L. Romero, D. Roy, L. Ruan, J. Rusnak, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, J. Sandweiss, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, F. Seck, J. Seger, M. Sergeeva, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, E.P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, M. Simko, J. Singh, S. Singha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, P. Sorensen, H.M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, B. Summa, X.M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D.N. Svirida, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. Tokarev, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, A.N. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, L. Wen, G.D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S.W. Wissink, J. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report the first multi-differential measurements of strange hadrons of K−, ϕ and Ξ− yields as well as the ratios of ϕ/K− and ϕ/Ξ− in Au+Au collisions at sNN=3 GeV with the STAR experiment fixed target configuration at RHIC. The ϕ mesons and Ξ− hyperons are measured through hadronic decay channels, ϕ→K+K− and Ξ−→Λπ−. Collision centrality and rapidity dependence of the transverse momentum spectra for these strange hadrons are presented. The 4π yields and ratios are compared to thermal model and hadronic transport model predictions. At this collision energy, thermal model with grand canonical ensemble (GCE) under-predicts the ϕ/K− and ϕ/Ξ− ratios while the result of canonical ensemble (CE) calculations reproduce ϕ/K−, with the correlation length rc∼2.7 fm, and ϕ/Ξ−, rc∼4.2 fm, for the 0-10% central collisions. Hadronic transport models including high mass resonance decays could also describe the ratios. While thermal calculations with GCE work well for strangeness production in high energy collisions, the change to CE at 3 GeV implies a rather different medium property at high baryon density.
Published: 2022
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36. In Situ Structural Variations of Individual Particles of an Al2O3-Supported Cu/Fe Spinel Oxygen Carrier During High-Temperature Oxidation and Reduction

Author: Nealley, W. H. Harrison, Nakano, Anna, Nakano, Jinichiro, Bennett, James P., Nakano, Jinichiro, editor, Pistorius, P Chris, editor, Tamerler, Candan, editor, Yasuda, Hideyuki, editor, Zhang, Zuotai, editor, Dogan, Neslihan, editor, Wang, Wanlin, editor, Saito, Noritaka, editor, and Webler, Bryan, editor
Published: 2019
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37. Genomic Diversity of Hospital-Acquired Infections Revealed through Prospective Whole-Genome Sequencing-Based Surveillance

Author: Mustapha M. Mustapha, Vatsala R. Srinivasa, Marissa P. Griffith, Shu-Ting Cho, Daniel R. Evans, Kady Waggle, Chinelo Ezeonwuka, Daniel J. Snyder, Jane W. Marsh, Lee H. Harrison, Vaughn S. Cooper, and Daria Van Tyne
Subjects: whole-genome sequencing, hospital-acquired infections, pangenome, antimicrobial resistance, horizontal gene transfer, bacterial evolution, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract: ABSTRACT Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) cause mortality, morbidity, and waste of health care resources. HAIs are also an important driver of antimicrobial resistance, which is increasing around the world. Beginning in November 2016, we instituted an initiative to detect outbreaks of HAIs using prospective whole-genome sequencing-based surveillance of bacterial pathogens collected from hospitalized patients. Here, we describe the diversity of bacteria sampled from hospitalized patients at a single center, as revealed through systematic analysis of bacterial isolate genomes. We sequenced the genomes of 3,004 bacterial isolates from hospitalized patients collected over a 25-month period. We identified bacteria belonging to 97 distinct species, which were distributed among 14 groups of related species. Within these groups, isolates could be distinguished from one another by both average nucleotide identity (ANI) and principal-component analysis of accessory genes (PCA-A). Core genome genetic distances and rates of evolution varied among species, which has practical implications for defining shared ancestry during outbreaks and for our broader understanding of the origins of bacterial strains and species. Finally, antimicrobial resistance genes and putative mobile genetic elements were frequently observed, and our systematic analysis revealed patterns of occurrence across the different species sampled from our hospital. Overall, this study shows how understanding the population structure of diverse pathogens circulating in a single health care setting can improve the discriminatory power of genomic epidemiology studies and can help define the processes leading to strain and species differentiation. IMPORTANCE Hospitalized patients are at increased risk of becoming infected with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used whole-genome sequencing to survey and compare over 3,000 clinical bacterial isolates collected from hospitalized patients at a large medical center over a 2-year period. We identified nearly 100 different bacterial species, which we divided into 14 different groups of related species. When we examined how genetic relatedness differed between species, we found that different species were likely evolving at different rates within our hospital. This is significant because the identification of bacterial outbreaks in the hospital currently relies on genetic similarity cutoffs, which are often applied uniformly across organisms. Finally, we found that antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements were abundant and were shared among the bacterial isolates we sampled. Overall, this study provides an in-depth view of the genomic diversity and evolutionary processes of bacteria sampled from hospitalized patients, as well as genetic similarity estimates that can inform hospital outbreak detection and prevention efforts.
Published: 2022
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38. Light nuclei collectivity from sNN=3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: M.S. Abdallah, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, J.K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, A. Aitbaev, I. Alekseev, D.M. Anderson, A. Aparin, E.C. Aschenauer, M.U. Ashraf, F.G. Atetalla, G.S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, I.G. Bordyuzhin, J.D. Brandenburg, A.V. Brandin, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, F.-H. Chang, Z. Chang, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, T.G. Dedovich, I.M. Deppner, A.A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F.M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, C. Hu, Q. Hu, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, D. Isenhower, M. Isshiki, W.W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L. Kochenda, A. Korobitsin, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J.H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, N. Lewis, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, P. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, T. Lu, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S.L. Manukhov, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, N.G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D.A. Morozov, A. Mukherjee, M. Nagy, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, L.V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V.A. Okorokov, K. Okubo, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, P. Parfenov, A. Paul, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, L.S. Pinsky, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, J. Porter, M. Posik, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, O.V. Rogachevskiy, J.L. Romero, D. Roy, L. Ruan, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, E. Samigullin, J. Sandweiss, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, F. Seck, J. Seger, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, R. Sharma, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, E.P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, J. Singh, S. Singha, P. Sinha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, Y. Song, H.M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, B. Summa, X.M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D.N. Svirida, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. Tokarev, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, A.N. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, P. Wang, X. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, G.D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S.W. Wissink, R. Witt, J. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, G. Yan, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, F. Zhao, J. Zhao, M. Zhao, C. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: In high-energy heavy-ion collisions, partonic collectivity is evidenced by the constituent quark number scaling of elliptic flow anisotropy for identified hadrons. A breaking of this scaling and dominance of baryonic interactions is found for identified hadron collective flow measurements in sNN = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions. In this paper, we report measurements of the first- and second-order azimuthal anisotropic parameters, v1 and v2, of light nuclei (d, t, 3He, 4He) produced in sNN = 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at the STAR experiment. An atomic mass number scaling is found in the measured v1 slopes of light nuclei at mid-rapidity. For the measured v2 magnitude, a strong rapidity dependence is observed. Unlike v2 at higher collision energies, the v2 values at mid-rapidity for all light nuclei are negative and no scaling is observed with the atomic mass number. Calculations by the Jet AA Microscopic Transport Model (JAM), with baryonic mean-field plus nucleon coalescence, are in good agreement with our observations, implying baryonic interactions dominate the collective dynamics in 3 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC.
Published: 2022
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39. Disappearance of partonic collectivity in sNN=3GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC

Author: M.S. Abdallah, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, J.K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, D.M. Anderson, A. Aparin, E.C. Aschenauer, M.U. Ashraf, F.G. Atetalla, A. Attri, G.S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, I.G. Bordyuzhin, J.D. Brandenburg, A.V. Brandin, I. Bunzarov, J. Butterworth, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, F.-H. Chang, Z. Chang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Chevalier, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, T.G. Dedovich, I.M. Deppner, A.A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, N. Elsey, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F.M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, P. Federic, J. Fedorisin, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, P. Filip, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, L. Fulek, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A.I. Hamad, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, G. Igo, D. Isenhower, W.W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, C. Kim, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L. Kochenda, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J.H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, P. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, N.G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D.A. Morozov, A. Mukherjee, M. Nagy, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, L.V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V.A. Okorokov, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, P. Parfenov, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, H. Pei, C. Perkins, L. Pinsky, R.L. Pintér, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, G. Ponimatkin, J. Porter, M. Posik, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, O.V. Rogachevskiy, J.L. Romero, D. Roy, L. Ruan, J. Rusnak, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, J. Sandweiss, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, F. Seck, J. Seger, M. Sergeeva, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, A.I. Sheikh, D. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, E.P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, M. Simko, J. Singh, S. Singha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, P. Sorensen, H.M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, B. Summa, X.M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D.N. Svirida, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. Tokarev, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, A.N. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, L. Wen, G.D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S.W. Wissink, J. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Zhou, Y. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: We report on the measurements of directed flow v1 and elliptic flow v2 for hadrons (π±, K±, KS0, p, ϕ, Λ and Ξ−) from Au+Au collisions at sNN=3GeV and v2 for (π±, K±, p and p‾) at 27 and 54.4GeV with the STAR experiment. While at the two higher energy midcentral collisions the number-of-constituent-quark (NCQ) scaling holds, at 3GeV the v2 at midrapidity is negative for all hadrons and the NCQ scaling is absent. In addition, the v1 slopes at midrapidity for almost all observed hadrons are found to be positive, implying dominant repulsive baryonic interactions. The features of negative v2 and positive v1 slope at 3GeV can be reproduced with a baryonic mean-field in transport model calculations. These results imply that the medium in such collisions is likely characterized by baryonic interactions.
Published: 2022
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40. A Kentucky Sampler: Essays from The Filson Club History Quarterly 1926–1976

Author: Lowell H. Harrison, Nelson L. Dawson
Published: 2021

41. Two Cases of Newly Characterized Neisseria Species, Brazil

Author: Mustapha M. Mustapha, Ana Paula S. Lemos, Marissa P. Griffith, Daniel R. Evans, Ramon Marx, Elizabeth S.F. Coltro, Christian A. Siebra, Loeci Timm, Hamilton Ribeiro, Alessandro Monteiro, A. William Pasculle, Jane W. Marsh, Daria Van Tyne, Lee H. Harrison, and Claudio T. Sacchi
Subjects: Neisseria brasiliensis, Neisseria meningititidis, meningococcal capsule, capsular switching, Neisseria species, whole genome sequencing, Medicine, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract: We describe 2 human cases of infection with a new Neisseria species (putatively N. brasiliensis), 1 of which involved bacteremia. Genomic analyses found that both isolates were distinct strains of the same species, were closely related to N. iguanae, and contained a capsule synthesis operon similar to N. meningitidis.
Published: 2020
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42. Characterizing the ribosomal tandem repeat and its utility as a DNA barcode in lichen-forming fungi

Author: Michael Bradshaw, Felix Grewe, Anne Thomas, Cody H. Harrison, Hanna Lindgren, Lucia Muggia, Larry L. St. Clair, H. Thorsten Lumbsch, and Steven D. Leavitt
Subjects: Copy number variation, DNA barcoding, ITS, Lichens, Repeat region, Rhizoplaca, Evolution, QH359-425
Abstract: Abstract Background Regions within the nuclear ribosomal operon are a major tool for inferring evolutionary relationships and investigating diversity in fungi. In spite of the prevalent use of ribosomal markers in fungal research, central features of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) evolution are poorly characterized for fungi in general, including lichenized fungi. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nrDNA has been adopted as the primary DNA barcode identification marker for fungi. However, little is known about intragenomic variation in the nrDNA in symbiotic fungi. In order to better understand evolution of nrDNA and the utility of the ITS region for barcode identification of lichen-forming fungal species, we generated nearly complete nuclear ribosomal operon sequences from nine species in the Rhizoplaca melanophthalma species complex using short reads from high-throughput sequencing. Results We estimated copy numbers for the nrDNA operon, ranging from nine to 48 copies for members of this complex, and found low levels of intragenomic variation in the standard barcode region (ITS). Monophyly of currently described species in this complex was supported in phylogenetic inferences based on the ITS, 28S, intergenic spacer region, and some intronic regions, independently; however, a phylogenetic inference based on the 18S provided much lower resolution. Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated ITS and intergenic spacer sequence data generated from 496 specimens collected worldwide revealed previously unrecognized lineages in the nrDNA phylogeny. Conclusions The results from our study support the general assumption that the ITS region of the nrDNA is an effective barcoding marker for fungi. For the R. melanophthalma group, the limited amount of potential intragenomic variability in the ITS region did not correspond to fixed diagnostic nucleotide position characters separating taxa within this species complex. Previously unrecognized lineages inferred from ITS sequence data may represent undescribed species-level lineages or reflect uncharacterized aspects of nrDNA evolution in the R. melanophthalma species complex.
Published: 2020
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43. Measurement of cold nuclear matter effects for inclusive J/ψ in p+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV

Author: M.S. Abdallah, B.E. Aboona, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J.R. Adams, J.K. Adkins, G. Agakishiev, I. Aggarwal, M.M. Aggarwal, Z. Ahammed, I. Alekseev, D.M. Anderson, A. Aparin, E.C. Aschenauer, M.U. Ashraf, F.G. Atetalla, A. Attri, G.S. Averichev, V. Bairathi, W. Baker, J.G. Ball Cap, K. Barish, A. Behera, R. Bellwied, P. Bhagat, A. Bhasin, J. Bielcik, J. Bielcikova, I.G. Bordyuzhin, J.D. Brandenburg, A.V. Brandin, I. Bunzarov, X.Z. Cai, H. Caines, M. Calderón de la Barca Sánchez, D. Cebra, I. Chakaberia, P. Chaloupka, B.K. Chan, F.-H. Chang, Z. Chang, N. Chankova-Bunzarova, A. Chatterjee, S. Chattopadhyay, D. Chen, J. Chen, J.H. Chen, X. Chen, Z. Chen, J. Cheng, M. Chevalier, S. Choudhury, W. Christie, X. Chu, H.J. Crawford, M. Csanád, M. Daugherity, T.G. Dedovich, I.M. Deppner, A.A. Derevschikov, A. Dhamija, L. Di Carlo, L. Didenko, P. Dixit, X. Dong, J.L. Drachenberg, E. Duckworth, J.C. Dunlop, N. Elsey, J. Engelage, G. Eppley, S. Esumi, O. Evdokimov, A. Ewigleben, O. Eyser, R. Fatemi, F.M. Fawzi, S. Fazio, P. Federic, J. Fedorisin, C.J. Feng, Y. Feng, P. Filip, E. Finch, Y. Fisyak, A. Francisco, C. Fu, L. Fulek, C.A. Gagliardi, T. Galatyuk, F. Geurts, N. Ghimire, A. Gibson, K. Gopal, X. Gou, D. Grosnick, A. Gupta, W. Guryn, A.I. Hamad, A. Hamed, Y. Han, S. Harabasz, M.D. Harasty, J.W. Harris, H. Harrison, S. He, W. He, X.H. He, Y. He, S. Heppelmann, N. Herrmann, E. Hoffman, L. Holub, Y. Hu, H. Huang, H.Z. Huang, S.L. Huang, T. Huang, X. Huang, Y. Huang, T.J. Humanic, G. Igo, D. Isenhower, W.W. Jacobs, C. Jena, A. Jentsch, Y. Ji, J. Jia, K. Jiang, X. Ju, E.G. Judd, S. Kabana, M.L. Kabir, S. Kagamaster, D. Kalinkin, K. Kang, D. Kapukchyan, K. Kauder, H.W. Ke, D. Keane, A. Kechechyan, M. Kelsey, Y.V. Khyzhniak, D.P. Kikoła, C. Kim, B. Kimelman, D. Kincses, I. Kisel, A. Kiselev, A.G. Knospe, H.S. Ko, L. Kochenda, L.K. Kosarzewski, L. Kramarik, P. Kravtsov, L. Kumar, S. Kumar, R. Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, J.H. Kwasizur, R. Lacey, S. Lan, J.M. Landgraf, J. Lauret, A. Lebedev, R. Lednicky, J.H. Lee, Y.H. Leung, C. Li, W. Li, X. Li, Y. Li, X. Liang, Y. Liang, R. Licenik, T. Lin, Y. Lin, M.A. Lisa, F. Liu, H. Liu, P. Liu, T. Liu, X. Liu, Y. Liu, Z. Liu, T. Ljubicic, W.J. Llope, R.S. Longacre, E. Loyd, N.S. Lukow, X.F. Luo, L. Ma, R. Ma, Y.G. Ma, N. Magdy, D. Mallick, S. Margetis, C. Markert, H.S. Matis, J.A. Mazer, N.G. Minaev, S. Mioduszewski, B. Mohanty, M.M. Mondal, I. Mooney, D.A. Morozov, A. Mukherjee, M. Nagy, J.D. Nam, Md. Nasim, K. Nayak, D. Neff, J.M. Nelson, D.B. Nemes, M. Nie, G. Nigmatkulov, T. Niida, R. Nishitani, L.V. Nogach, T. Nonaka, A.S. Nunes, G. Odyniec, A. Ogawa, S. Oh, V.A. Okorokov, B.S. Page, R. Pak, J. Pan, A. Pandav, A.K. Pandey, Y. Panebratsev, P. Parfenov, B. Pawlik, D. Pawlowska, C. Perkins, L. Pinsky, R.L. Pintér, J. Pluta, B.R. Pokhrel, G. Ponimatkin, J. Porter, M. Posik, V. Prozorova, N.K. Pruthi, M. Przybycien, J. Putschke, H. Qiu, A. Quintero, C. Racz, S.K. Radhakrishnan, N. Raha, R.L. Ray, R. Reed, H.G. Ritter, M. Robotkova, O.V. Rogachevskiy, J.L. Romero, D. Roy, L. Ruan, J. Rusnak, A.K. Sahoo, N.R. Sahoo, H. Sako, S. Salur, J. Sandweiss, S. Sato, W.B. Schmidke, N. Schmitz, B.R. Schweid, F. Seck, J. Seger, M. Sergeeva, R. Seto, P. Seyboth, N. Shah, E. Shahaliev, P.V. Shanmuganathan, M. Shao, T. Shao, A.I. Sheikh, D.Y. Shen, S.S. Shi, Y. Shi, Q.Y. Shou, E.P. Sichtermann, R. Sikora, M. Simko, J. Singh, S. Singha, M.J. Skoby, N. Smirnov, Y. Söhngen, W. Solyst, P. Sorensen, H.M. Spinka, B. Srivastava, T.D.S. Stanislaus, M. Stefaniak, D.J. Stewart, M. Strikhanov, B. Stringfellow, A.A.P. Suaide, M. Sumbera, B. Summa, X.M. Sun, X. Sun, Y. Sun, B. Surrow, D.N. Svirida, Z.W. Sweger, P. Szymanski, A.H. Tang, Z. Tang, A. Taranenko, T. Tarnowsky, J.H. Thomas, A.R. Timmins, D. Tlusty, T. Todoroki, M. Tokarev, C.A. Tomkiel, S. Trentalange, R.E. Tribble, P. Tribedy, S.K. Tripathy, T. Truhlar, B.A. Trzeciak, O.D. Tsai, Z. Tu, T. Ullrich, D.G. Underwood, I. Upsal, G. Van Buren, J. Vanek, A.N. Vasiliev, I. Vassiliev, V. Verkest, F. Videbæk, S. Vokal, S.A. Voloshin, F. Wang, G. Wang, J.S. Wang, P. Wang, Y. Wang, Z. Wang, J.C. Webb, P.C. Weidenkaff, L. Wen, G.D. Westfall, H. Wieman, S.W. Wissink, J. Wu, Y. Wu, B. Xi, Z.G. Xiao, G. Xie, W. Xie, H. Xu, N. Xu, Q.H. Xu, Y. Xu, Z. Xu, C. Yang, Q. Yang, S. Yang, Y. Yang, Z. Ye, L. Yi, K. Yip, Y. Yu, H. Zbroszczyk, W. Zha, C. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Zhang, S. Zhang, X.P. Zhang, Y. Zhang, Z.J. Zhang, Z. Zhang, J. Zhao, C. Zhou, X. Zhu, M. Zurek, and M. Zyzak
Subjects: RHIC, Cold nuclear matter effects, J/ψ suppression, Physics, QC1-999
Abstract: Measurement by the STAR experiment at RHIC of the cold nuclear matter (CNM) effects experienced by inclusive J/ψ at mid-rapidity in 0-100% p+Au collisions at sNN = 200 GeV is presented. Such effects are quantified utilizing the nuclear modification factor, RpAu, obtained by taking a ratio of J/ψ yield in p+Au collisions to that in p+p collisions scaled by the number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions. The differential J/ψ yield in both p+p and p+Au collisions is measured through the dimuon decay channel, taking advantage of the trigger capability provided by the Muon Telescope Detector in the RHIC 2015 run. Consequently, the J/ψ RpAu is derived within the transverse momentum (pT) range of 0 to 10 GeV/c. A suppression of approximately 30% is observed for pT
Published: 2022
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44. Fitting ecological principles of artificial reefs into the ocean planning puzzle

Author: Avery B. Paxton, D'amy N. Steward, Zachary H. Harrison, and J. Christopher Taylor
Subjects: artificial habitat, artificial reefs, marine spatial planning, ocean planning, place‐based management, Special Feature: Honoring Charles H. Peterson, Ecologist, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract: Abstract Humans use the coastal ocean and its resources as a source of food and energy, as well as for a variety of other purposes, including transportation and recreation. Over the past several decades, uses of the coastal ocean have been increasingly accompanied by the installation of artificial structures. These artificial structures come in different shapes and sizes, ranging from energy and aquaculture infrastructure that incidentally form habitat for marine organisms to artificial reefs that are often deployed intentionally to become habitat. Marine spatial planning has offered a robust framework for siting artificial structures to minimize conflicts with other uses and maximize societal and economic benefits with other intended uses of the seascape, but ecological criteria are seldom considered in the planning process. In contrast, artificial reefs are intentionally sunk to form structured habitat and provide a variety of ecological functions, yet ecological principles are not often incorporated into the siting and planning process. Instead, artificial reefs are sited largely to advance societal and economic benefits and minimize conflicts with other uses, such as shipping traffic, military use, or impacts to sensitive areas. We outline a framework to further incorporate ecological principles into artificial reef siting, design and construction, and evaluation that features place‐based and adaptive management coupled with tenets from experimental field ecology. This framework accounts for complexities of and interactions among ecological, societal, and economic criteria associated with artificial reefs to ensure they meet defined goals.
Published: 2022
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45. Whole-genome sequencing surveillance and machine learning for healthcare outbreak detection and investigation: A systematic review and summary

Author: Alexander J. Sundermann, Jieshi Chen, James K. Miller, Elise M. Martin, Graham M. Snyder, Daria Van Tyne, Jane W. Marsh, Artur Dubrawski, and Lee H. Harrison
Subjects: Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background: Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has traditionally been used in infection prevention to confirm or refute the presence of an outbreak after it has occurred. Due to decreasing costs of WGS, an increasing number of institutions have been utilizing WGS-based surveillance. Additionally, machine learning or statistical modeling to supplement infection prevention practice have also been used. We systematically reviewed the use of WGS surveillance and machine learning to detect and investigate outbreaks in healthcare settings. Methods: We performed a PubMed search using separate terms for WGS surveillance and/or machine-learning technologies for infection prevention through March 15, 2021. Results: Of 767 studies returned using the WGS search terms, 42 articles were included for review. Only 2 studies (4.8%) were performed in real time, and 39 (92.9%) studied only 1 pathogen. Nearly all studies (n = 41, 97.6%) found genetic relatedness between some isolates collected. Across all studies, 525 outbreaks were detected among 2,837 related isolates (average, 5.4 isolates per outbreak). Also, 35 studies (83.3%) only utilized geotemporal clustering to identify outbreak transmission routes. Of 21 studies identified using the machine-learning search terms, 4 were included for review. In each study, machine learning aided outbreak investigations by complementing methods to gather epidemiologic data and automating identification of transmission pathways. Conclusions: WGS surveillance is an emerging method that can enhance outbreak detection. Machine learning has the potential to identify novel routes of pathogen transmission. Broader incorporation of WGS surveillance into infection prevention practice has the potential to transform the detection and control of healthcare outbreaks.
Published: 2022
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46. Predictive model for severe COVID-19 using SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing and electronic health record data, March 2020-May 2021.

Author: Lei Zhu, Jane W Marsh, Marissa P Griffith, Kevin Collins, Vatsala Srinivasa, Kady Waggle, Daria Van Tyne, Graham M Snyder, Tung Phan, Alan Wells, Oscar C Marroquin, and Lee H Harrison
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: ObjectiveWe used SARS-CoV-2 whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and electronic health record (EHR) data to investigate the associations between viral genomes and clinical characteristics and severe outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe conducted a case-control study of severe COVID-19 infection among patients hospitalized at a large academic referral hospital between March 2020 and May 2021. SARS-CoV-2 WGS was performed, and demographic and clinical characteristics were obtained from the EHR. Severe COVID-19 (case patients) was defined as having one or more of the following: requirement for supplemental oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or death during hospital admission. Controls were hospitalized patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who did not meet the criteria for severe infection. We constructed predictive models incorporating clinical and demographic variables as well as WGS data including lineage, clade, and SARS-CoV-2 SNP/GWAS data for severe COVID-19 using multiple logistic regression.ResultsOf 1,802 hospitalized SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, we performed WGS on samples collected from 590 patients, of whom 396 were case patients and 194 were controls. Age (p = 0.001), BMI (p = 0.032), test positive time period (p = 0.001), Charlson comorbidity index (p = 0.001), history of chronic heart failure (p = 0.003), atrial fibrillation (p = 0.002), or diabetes (p = 0.007) were significantly associated with case-control status. SARS-CoV-2 WGS data did not appreciably change the results of the above risk factor analysis, though infection with clade 20A was associated with a higher risk of severe disease, after adjusting for confounder variables (p = 0.024, OR = 3.25; 95%CI: 1.31-8.06).ConclusionsAmong people hospitalized with COVID-19, older age, higher BMI, earlier test positive period, history of chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, or diabetes, and infection with clade 20A SARS-CoV-2 strains can predict severe COVID-19.
Published: 2022
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47. Genomic characterization of SARS-CoV-2 from vaccine breakthrough cases in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.

Author: Kady D Waggle, Marissa P Griffith, Lei Zhu, Vaughn S Cooper, Daniel J Snyder, Vatsala Srinivasa, Tung Phan, Alan Wells, Graham M Snyder, Daria Van Tyne, Lee H Harrison, and Jane W Marsh
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: We performed whole genome sequencing on SARS-CoV-2 from 59 vaccinated individuals from southwest Pennsylvania who tested positive between February and September, 2021. A comparison of mutations among vaccine breakthrough cases to a time-matched control group identified potential adaptive responses of SARS-CoV-2 to vaccination.
Published: 2022
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48. Can a Two-Dose Influenza Vaccine Regimen Better Protect Older Adults? An Agent-Based Modeling Study

Author: Katherine V. Williams, Mary G. Krauland, Lee H. Harrison, John V. Williams, Mark S. Roberts, and Richard K. Zimmerman
Subjects: influenza, vaccine, adult, Medicine
Abstract: Older adults (age ≥ 65) are at high risk of influenza morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the impact of a hypothetical two-dose influenza vaccine regimen per season to reduce symptomatic flu cases by providing preseason (first dose) and mid-season (second dose) protection to offset waning vaccine effectiveness (VE). The Framework for Reconstructing Epidemiological Dynamics (FRED), an agent-based modeling platform, was used to compare typical one-dose vaccination to a two-dose vaccination strategy. Primary models incorporated waning VE of 10% per month and varied influenza season timing (December through March) to estimate cases and hospitalizations in older adults. Additional scenarios modeled reductions in uptake and VE of the second dose, and overall waning. In seasons with later peaks, two vaccine doses had the largest potential to reduce cases (14.4% with February peak, 18.7% with March peak) and hospitalizations (13.1% with February peak, 16.8% with March peak). Reductions in cases and hospitalizations still resulted but decreased when 30% of individuals failed to receive a second dose, second dose VE was reduced, or overall waning was reduced to 7% per month. Agent-based modeling indicates that two influenza vaccine doses could decrease cases and hospitalizations in older individuals. The highest impact occurred in the more frequently observed late-peak seasons. The beneficial impact of the two-dose regimen persisted despite model scenarios of reduced uptake of the second dose, decreased VE of the second dose, or overall VE waning.
Published: 2022
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49. Uptake and metabolism of β-apo-8′-carotenal, β-apo-10′-carotenal, and β-apo-13-carotenone in Caco-2 cells

Author: Boluwatiwi O. Durojaye, Kenneth M. Riedl, Robert W. Curley, Jr., and Earl H. Harrison
Subjects: β-carotene, absorption, cell uptake, carotenoid metabolism, dietary lipids, intestine, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract: β-Apocarotenoids are eccentric cleavage products of carotenoids formed by chemical and enzymatic oxidations. They occur in foods containing carotenoids and thus might be directly absorbed from the diet. However, there is limited information about their intestinal absorption. The present research examined the kinetics of uptake and metabolism of β-apocarotenoids. Caco-2 cells were grown on 6-well plastic plates until a differentiated cell monolayer was achieved. β-Apocarotenoids were prepared in Tween 40 micelles, delivered to differentiated cells in serum-free medium, and incubated at 37°C for up to 8 h. There was rapid uptake of β-apo-8′-carotenal into cells, and β-apo-8′-carotenal was largely converted to β-apo-8′-carotenoic acid and a minor metabolite that we identified as 5,6-epoxy-β-apo-8′-carotenol. There was also rapid uptake of β-apo-10′-carotenal into cells, and β-apo-10′-carotenal was converted into a major metabolite identified as 5,6-epoxy-β-apo-10′-carotenol and a minor metabolite that is likely a dihydro-β-apo-10′-carotenol. Finally, there was rapid cellular uptake of β-apo-13-carotenone, and this compound was extensively degraded. These results suggest that dietary β-apocarotenals are extensively metabolized in intestinal cells via pathways similar to the metabolism of retinal. Thus, they are likely not absorbed directly from the diet.
Published: 2019
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50. An intervention to improve pneumococcal vaccination uptake in high risk 50-64 year olds vs. expanded age-based recommendations: an exploratory cost-effectiveness analysis

Author: Angela R. Wateska, Mary Patricia Nowalk, Chyongchiou J. Lin, Lee H. Harrison, William Schaffner, Richard K. Zimmerman, and Kenneth J. Smith
Subjects: adult pneumococcal vaccination, decision analysis, cost-effectiveness analyses, implementation programs, Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract: In the U.S., pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) uptake among high-risk adults aged
Published: 2019
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