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The combination of doxorubicin and paclitaxel is widely used in clinical cancer therapy. Due to enhanced permeation and retention effects of nanomaterials in tumor tissues, nanocarriers with good biocompatibility have been designed to encapsulate doxorubicin/paclitaxel, and used to facilitate delivery of the drugs to achieve better therapeutic outcome. In this study, NMR-based metabonomic analyses were used to study the metabolic profiles in spleen tissues of normal healthy mice and of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, which were treated with either saline, or doxorubicin/paclitaxel in their free forms, or doxorubicin/paclitaxel encapsulated in nanocarriers. The results demonstrated that treatment with the free forms of doxorubicin/paclitaxel remitted tumor-induced disturbances in gut microbiota, while treatment with nanocarrier-encapsulated doxorubicin/paclitaxel alleviated increased glucose and fumarate metabolism associated with tumor bearing. In contrast, tumor-related splenomegaly and metabolic alterations in amino acids, organic acids, nucleic acids and choline, both attributable to immune responses of the spleen, were not ameliorated by drug treatment. This could also be due to the fact that the treatment period was too short to have any significant effects. This work provided metabolic phenotypical information of the spleen tissues in 4T1 tumor-bearing mice, and helped to understand the metabolic impacts of drug delivery systems on the spleen.

The 1H NMR fingerprint of Eucommia ulmoides acquired with a CPMG pulse sequence was analyzed with the complete reduction to amplitude-frequency table (CRAFT) approach. The signals of target compounds were extracted without chemical separation and purification. Quantitative analysis showed that the average concentration of pinoresinol glucoside (PDG) in Eucommia ulmoides got from Guiyang medical plant garden was 0.275 6% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1.69%. The results were consistent with those obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (average content of 0.269 6% and RSD of 0.65%). NMR fingerprint and multivariate statistical analysis also revealed that there existed significant differences between Hunan and Guizhou Eucommia ulmoides Oliver.

Objective: To investigate the plasma samples obtained from tumor patients using H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and find the biochemical foundation of abnormal Savda described in traditional Uyghur medicine. Methods: A total of 170 tumor patients with abnormal Savda syndrome who were confirmed clinically were enrolled in this study, and 50 healthy volunteers were set up as controls. The plasma H NMR spectra were analyzed using the orthogonal projection to latent structure with discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) method with unit variance scaling. The discriminative significance of the metabolites was determined using the Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient. Results: Compared with the healthy controls, the tumor patients with abnormal Savda syndrome had uniformly correlative low levels of leucine, isoleucine, valine, histidine, tyrosine, alanine, glutamine, creatine, inositol, α-glucose, and β-glucose ( P<0.05), but had significantly high levels of formate, malonic acid, acetone, acetate, acetoacetate, pyruvate, β-hydroxy butyrate, carnitine and lipidtemns such as very low density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein and unsaturated lipids ( P<0.05). Conclusion: Tumor patients with abnormal Savda syndrome had similar metabolic changes and characteristics, which indicated a similar pathogenetic process and provides some biochemical basis for traditional Uyghur medicine theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]