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For centuries, the remote site of Bāyir, far to the east in southeast Jordan, in an arid environment, was frequented by nomads watering their herds, thanks to its huge wells. Four Latin graffiti from Bāyir area are published or revised and republished here. They provide new evidence of the visits paid to the place by troops from the Roman army. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with a new Ancient North Arabian (ANA)-Safaitic inscription from the north-eastern basaltic region of Jordan. Its author registers a revenge-taking action for a man called S1TR. In contrast to the usual type of Safaitic inscriptions that deal with revenge, we encounter here a case of revenge in which the Arabian goddess Allāt is called for s 2hdt ‘testimony’. The onomastic and lexical components, with special focus on the lexeme s2hdt and its semantic field, are investigated and analyzed in light of the Semitic lexicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]