1. Discovery of tumor immune infiltration-related snoRNAs for predicting tumor immune microenvironment status and prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma
- Author
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Qiong Chen, Bingrong Zhao, Lu Bai, Juan Jiang, Wang Ya, Yuanyuan Li, Chengping Hu, Changjing Cai, and Rongjun Wan
- Subjects
TIME, tumor immune microenvironment ,Lung adenocarcinoma ,RT-qPCR, Real-time Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ,medicine.medical_treatment ,CCLE, Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia ,Biochemistry ,GSVA, gene set variation analysis ,PBMC, Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell ,AUC, area under the curve ,Structural Biology ,TPM, transcripts per kilobase million ,GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus ,Small nucleolar RNAs ,Small nucleolar RNA ,Stage (cooking) ,RSF, random survival forest ,ICIs, immune checkpoints inhibitors ,NK cell, natural killer cell ,snoRNAs, small nucleolar RNAs ,LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma ,Computer Science Applications ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Adenocarcinoma ,Research Article ,Biotechnology ,Biophysics ,Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ,Tumor cell immune infiltration ,HIC, immunohistochemistry ,Immune system ,TIISR signature ,ssGSEA, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis ,Genetics ,medicine ,IF, immunofluorescence ,ComputingMethodologies_COMPUTERGRAPHICS ,GO, gene ontology ,Lung ,business.industry ,TIISR, tumor-infiltrating immune-related snoRNA ,Immunotherapy ,medicine.disease ,HR, hazard ratio ,ROC, receiver operating characteristic ,Cancer research ,Immune checkpoints ,TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas ,FPKM, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million ,business ,TSI, tissue specificity index ,TP248.13-248.65 ,ncRNA, noncoding RNA - Abstract
Graphical abstract, Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has a high mortality rate and is difficult to diagnose and treat in its early stage. Previous studies have demonstrated that small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) play a critical role in tumor immune infiltration and the development of a variety of solid tumors. However, there have been no studies on the correlation between tumor-infiltrating immune-related snoRNAs (TIISRs) and LUAD. In this study, we filtered six immune-related snoRNAs based on the tissue specificity index (TSI) and expression profile of all snoRNAs between all LUAD cell lines from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and 21 types of immune cells from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Further, we performed real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to validate the expression status of these snoRNAs on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and lung cancer cell lines. Next, we developed a TIISR signature based on the expression profiles of snoRNAs from 479 LUAD patients filtered by the random survival forest algorithm. We then analyzed the value of this TIISR signature (TIISR risk score) for assessing tumor immune infiltration, immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment response, and the prognosis of LUAD between groups with high and low TIISR risk score. Further, we found that the TIISR risk score groups showed significant differences in biological characteristics and that the risk score could be used to assess the level of tumor immune cell infiltration, thereby predicting prognosis and responsiveness to immunotherapy in LUAD patients.
- Published
- 2021