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In the two years before President Franklin D. Roosevelt signed into being the Social Security Act, the government succeeded in putting many citizens to work through other New Deal programs. Already in July, the American Alliance of Museums (AAM), disseminated a press release cum prophecy detailing that "one out of every three museums may shutter forever as funding sources and financial reserves run dry. Without near-term assistance from governments and private donors, hundreds of directors reported their museums may not survive the financial crisis brought on by the pandemic.". [Extracted from the article]

This article reports on original research investigating the pivotal role that teachers play in student engagement, using a tri-dimensional framework. This framework identifies how teachers' pedagogical choices impact student engagement in ways that influence students' external behaviours, internal emotions and internal cognitions. A questionnaire was developed to explore secondary teachers' (n = 223) perceptions of pedagogies that support students' behavioural, emotional and cognitive engagement in the classroom. Findings revealed that female participants placed higher importance on pedagogies that support students' cognitive and behavioural engagement, and participants with leadership roles placed higher importance on pedagogies that support students' cognitive and emotional engagement. Also emerging from the research was a negative correlation between the importance teachers placed on pedagogies that support cognitive and behavioural engagement and their school's ICSEA value (the measure of socio-educational advantage in Australian schools). Overall, results support the tri-dimensional framework of student engagement utilised in this study and provide a robust framework for future research to further explore teachers' pedagogical choices and how these choices impact student engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Confidence intervals for parameters of distributions with discrete sample spaces will be less conservative (i.e. have smaller coverage probabilities that are closer to the nominal level) when defined by inverting a test that does not require equal probability in each tail. However, the P-value obtained from such tests can exhibit undesirable properties, which in turn result in undesirable properties in the associated confidence intervals. We illustrate these difficulties using P-values for binomial proportions and the difference between binomial proportions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To describe a service operating in Teesside, England, that provides early intervention for young people aged 14–18 years at high risk of, or affected by psychotic illness. Methods: The Service Delivery Model for evaluating and managing young people referred to the service is described. In addition, data routinely collected as part of performance management are presented. Results: During 2006 42 young people were referred to the service of which 29 were accepted. At the end of 2006 the team active caseload was 22 patients. Conclusion: An ‘adolescent-specific’ team as part of a 14–35 Early Intervention Service appears to be a feasible and sustainable development and may confer advantages over less age-orientated care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents a discussion of Robert Ryman's paintings and the philosophy of his life, adapted from the author's dissertation "Robert Ryman: Painting Pragmatism."

This article examines a retrospective of Robert Ryman's contemporary artwork which was displayed at the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1993. Ryman refuses teleologies and has never been productively associated with any artistic movement. Ryman's nonrepresentational paintings do not use paint illusionistically. Nor do they use color mimetically, metaphorically or emotively. Ryman also insists that his paintings are neither monochromatic nor abstract.

Confidence intervals for discrete distributions are often evaluated only by coverage and expected length. We discuss two additional criteria, p-confidence and p-bias. The choice of these criteria is motivated by the interpretation of a confidence interval as being the set of parameter values not rejected by a hypothesis test. Using these additional criteria we compare a number of equal-tailed confidence intervals for the binomial distribution. It is shown that methods that produce superior intervals, as measured by coverage and length, need not perform well in terms of p-confidence and p-bias. Cox's measuring device example is discussed to motivate the need for criteria beyond coverage and length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two resampling procedures, the bootstrap (BS) and the conditional confidence interval (CCI), are compared with the standard t-interval for the slope parameter in simple linear regression with an error term that is not necessarily normal. The type of bootstrap confidence intervals computed are the widely used bias-corrected and accelerated (BC[SUBa]) intervals. The CCIs are found by an efficient method for inverting permutation tests. Normal, highly skewed, and heavy-tailed error distributions are considered. While the CCI and BC[SUBa] intervals have similar asymptotic properties, for a moderate number of cases, the confidence intervals obtained from the CCI and BC[SUBa] behave di8erently in terms of accuracy, power, length, and correctness. Across all conditions, the CCI is the most accurate interval and has very good power. The t-intervals are also very accurate across most of the conditions we studied, and have coverage closer to the nominal value than the BC[SUBa] intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Examines beauty and the status of contemporary criticism. Books taking beauty as their theme; Work by artist Felix Gonzales-Torres; Transformation of the status of beauty; Beauty as represented in art exhibitions.

Several new results are presented for a class of univariate distributions for which the maximum likelihood estimate of the population mean is the sample mean. It is shown that the convolution of any two such distributions also belongs to this class of functions. It is also shown that the marginal distribution for the sample mean captures all of the Fisher information for the population mean contained in the full distribution. Parameters orthogonal to the mean are found for special cases of these distributions. If the distribution is conditioned on the sample mean, the conditional distribution depends on the parameters only through parameters orthogonal to the mean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RÉSUMÉ Les auteurs traitent un cas particulier d'inférence en présence de paramètres nuisibles. Ils montrent que si la fonction score orthogonalisée ne dépend que d'une statistique S, l'analyse peut s'appuyer sur la loi marginale de S plutǒt que sur celle des observations sans occasionner une perte d'information de Fisher pour le paramètre d'intérět. Le fait de conditionner par rapport à une statistique libre n'apporte donc au-cune information relative à ce paramètre, alors que le conditionnement par rapport à une statistique ap-proximativement libre entraǐne une perte d'information. Tel est le cas pour les families exponentielles multivariées rétgulières lorsque le paramètre d'intérět est un sous-vecteurde l'espérance et que la statistique est l'estimation à vraisemblance maximale du paramètre d'intérět. Plusieurs exemples sont discutés, dont celui du tableau 2 × 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]