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161 results on '"Haapalinna, Antti"'

4. In depth behavioral phenotyping unravels complex motor disturbances in Cstb−/− mouse, a model for progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1.

Author

Pollari, Eveliina, Tegelberg, Saara, Björklund, Harry, Kälviäinen, Reetta, Lehesjoki, Anna-Elina, and Haapalinna, Antti

Subjects
MICE, MYOCLONUS, STARTLE reaction, HUMAN phenotype, EPILEPSY, SYMPTOMS
Abstract

Progressive myoclonus epilepsy type 1 (EPM1) is an autosomal recessively inherited childhood–adolescence onset neurodegenerative disease caused by mutations in the cystatin B (CSTB gene). The key clinical manifestation in EPM1 is progressive, stimulus-sensitive, in particular action-induced myoclonus. The cystatin B-deficient mouse model, Cstb−/−, has been described to present with myoclonic seizures and progressive ataxia. Here we describe results from in-depth behavioral phenotyping of the Cstb−/− mouse model in pure isogenic 129S2/SvHsd background covering ages from 1.5 to 6  months. We developed a method for software-assisted detection of myoclonus from video recordings of the Cstb−/− mice. Additionally, we observed that the mice were hyperactive and showed reduced startle response, problems in motor coordination and lack of inhibition. We were, however, not able to demonstrate an ataxic phenotype in them. This detailed behavioral phenotyping of the Cstb−/− mice reveals new aspects of this mouse model. The nature of the motor problems in the Cstb−/− mice seems to be more complex and more resembling the human phenotype than initially described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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22. Effects of fadolmidine, an α2‐adrenoceptor agonist, as an adjuvant to spinal bupivacaine on antinociception and motor function in rats and dogs.

Author

Leino, Tiina, Viitamaa, Timo, Salonen, Jarmo S., Pesonen, Ullamari, and Haapalinna, Antti

Abstract

α2‐Adrenoceptor agonists such as clonidine and dexmedetomidine are used as adjuvants to local anesthetics in regional anesthesia. Fadolmidine is an α2‐adrenoceptor agonist developed especially as a spinal analgesic. The current studies investigate the effects of intrathecally administered fadolmidine with a local anesthetic, bupivacaine, on antinociception and motor block in conscious rats and dogs. The antinociceptive effects of intrathecal fadolmidine and bupivacaine alone or in combination were tested in the rat tail‐flick and the dog's skin twitch models. The durations of motor block in rats and in dogs were also assessed. In addition, the effects on sedation, mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate and body temperature were evaluated in telemetrized dogs. Concentrations of fadolmidine in plasma and spinal cord were determined after intrathecal and intravenous administration in rats. Co‐administration of intrathecal fadolmidine with bupivacaine increased the magnitude and duration of the antinociceptive effects and prolonged motor block without hypotension. The interaction of the antinociceptive effect was synergistic in its nature in rats. Concentration of fadolmidine in plasma was very low after intrathecal dosing. Taken together, these studies show that fadolmidine as an adjuvant to intrathecal bupivacaine provides enhanced sensory‐motor block and enables a reduction of the doses of both drugs. The results indicate that co‐administration of fadolmidine with intrathecal bupivacaine was able to achieve an enhanced antinociceptive effect without hypotension and could thus represent a suitable combination for spinal anesthesia.Time course of the antinociceptive effects (%MPE; percent maximum possible effect) of intrathecal fadolmidine at the doses of 0.3 (A), 1 (B), 3 (C) and 10 µg (D) (n = 8/dose) and control (n = 7) and the combination bupivacaine 10 µg and fadolmidine at the doses of 0.3, 1, 3 and 10 µg (n = 7/dose group) and control (n = 7) in the rat tail‐flick test. Each point represent mean ± SEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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30. The Effects of Atipamezole on Brain Neurochemistry and Behaviour in Laboratory Rodents – Possible Implications for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases with an Alpha2-adrenoceptor Antagonist (Tutkimuksia atipametsolin vaikutuksista aivojen neurokemiaan ja käyttäytymiseen laboratorioeläimillä - mahdollisuuksia hoitaa hermoston rappeutumissairauksien oireita alfa2-adrenergisten reseptorien salpaajilla)

Author

Haapalinna, Antti, Farmaseuttinen tiedekunta, and Faculty of Pharmacy

Published
2006

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