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1. Prophylaxie par palivizumab dans les pneumopathies interstitielles de l’enfant

Author

D. Drummond, C. Thumerelle, P. Reix, M. Fayon, R. Epaud, A. Clément, M. Mahloul, D. Habouria D, C. Delacourt, and A. Hadchouel

Subjects
Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health
Abstract

Objectifs Determiner si une prophylaxie par palivizumab permettait de reduire le taux d’hospitalisation pour bronchiolite a virus respiratoire syncitial (VRS) chez les enfants de moins de 2 ans traites par corticotherapie systemique dans le cadre d’une pneumopathie interstitielle severe. Materiels et methodes Etude retrospective nationale a partir de la base de donnees Respirare , chez les enfants nes entre le 1/1/2007 et le 1/1/2014. Les donnees etaient collectees a partir des dossiers medicaux et des carnets de sante. Resultats principaux Vingt-quatre enfants ont ete inclus et evalues sur 2 saisons epidemiques, representant 36 enfants–saisons. Le taux d’hospitalisation pour bronchiolite a VRS, 305 pour 1000 enfants–saisons, etait tres superieur a celui de la population generale. Il n’existait pas de difference quant aux taux d’hospitalisation pour bronchiolite a VRS entre les enfants traites par palivizumab et les enfants non traites (respectivement 7/18 versus 4/18, p 0,47). Conclusions Les enfants suivis pour pneumopathie interstitielle et traites par corticotherapie systemique sont sujets a des bronchiolites a VRS plus frequentes et plus graves, dont la prevention par le palivizumab reste a demontrer.

Published
2016
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2. Effectiveness of palivizumab in children with childhood interstitial lung disease: The French experience.

Author

Drummond D, Thumerelle C, Reix P, Fayon M, Epaud R, Clement A, Mahloul M, Habouria D, Delacourt C, and Hadchouel A

Subjects
Bronchiolitis epidemiology, Female, France, Hospitalization statistics & numerical data, Humans, Infant, Lung Diseases, Interstitial epidemiology, Male, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections epidemiology, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Adrenal Cortex Hormones therapeutic use, Antiviral Agents therapeutic use, Bronchiolitis drug therapy, Lung Diseases, Interstitial drug therapy, Palivizumab therapeutic use, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections drug therapy
Abstract

Introduction: There is a lack of evidence concerning the effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab in children with childhood interstitial lung disease (chILD). In this retrospective study, we evaluated the effectiveness of palivizumab for decreasing the rate of RSV-related hospitalizations in children under the age of 24 months with chILD treated with corticosteroids., Methods: A retrospective national study was conducted in France. Patients born between 2007 and 2013, diagnosed with chILD and on corticosteroid treatment were identified through the French online database for pediatric interstitial lung disease (Respirare(®) ). Data were collected for the etiology and severity of chILD, risk factors and preventive measures for bronchiolitis, palivizumab immunoprophylaxis, and hospitalizations for bronchiolitis and RSV-bronchiolitis., Results: We included and evaluated 24 children during their first two RSV seasons, corresponding to 36 patient-seasons. The observed rate of RSV-related hospitalization (305/1000 patient-seasons), and the median length of stay (7 days), were higher than those for the general population. RSV-related hospitalization rates did not differ significantly between children with and without palivizumab prophylaxis (5/16 vs. 4/18, respectively, P = 0.70)., Conclusion: Children with chILD on corticosteroid treatment are at high risk of hospitalization for RSV-bronchiolitis, which tends to be more severe in these children than in the general population. The effectiveness of palivizumab prophylaxis in this population remains to be demonstrated. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2016;51:688-695. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Published
2016
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