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A novel NIR-II fluorescent probe CH1055-PEG1k-GE11 enabled high contrast imaging of tumor with a high EGFR-expression in vivo.

Objective. The present study aims to investigate the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone levels in patients with essential hypertension. Methods. The present study observed two groups of patients from Urumqi, Xinjiang, China, from April 2017 to March 2018. There were two subject groups: the hypertension group (80 patients with essential hypertension selected by random cluster sampling) and the control group (76 healthy adults). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D or vitamin D) levels were measured through electrolytes; fasting blood glucose, blood lipids, and other biochemical indicators were detected using immune chemiluminescence; and plasma renin activity and angiotensin II concentrations were detected with radio-immunity. Results. Comparison between the hypertension group and control group showed statistically significant differences in the systolic pressure and levels of 25(OH)D, renin, and triglycerides ( P < 0.05 ). The correlation analysis showed that 25(OH)D was negatively correlated with renin (r = –0.185; P = 0.021 ) and positively correlated with systolic pressure (r = –0.105; P = 0.035 ). There were no statistically significant differences in diastolic pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides between the two groups. Conclusions. The results of the present study show that vitamin D deficiency is common in Urumqi, Xinjiang, China and vitamin D levels are negatively correlated with renin levels. Vitamin D plays an important role in regulating blood pressure by affecting renin levels through the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are naturally occurring nanosized membrane vesicles that convey bioactive molecules between cells. Conventionally, to evaluate their behaviors in vivo, circulating sEVs have to be isolated from the bloodstream, then labeled with imaging materials in vitro, and finally injected back into the circulation of animals for subsequent detection. The tedious isolation-labeling-reinfusion procedures might have an undesirable influence on the natural properties of circulating sEVs, thereby changing their behaviors and the detected kinetics in vivo. Herein, we proposed an in situ biotinylation strategy to directly label circulating sEVs with intravenously injected DSPE-PEG-Biotin, aiming to evaluate the in vivo kinetics of circulating sEVs more biofriendly and accurately. Such an analysis strategy is free of isolation-labeling-reinfusion procedures and has no unfavorable influence on the natural behaviors of sEVs. The results showed that the lifetime of generic circulating sEVs in mice was around 3 days. Furthermore, we, for the first time, revealed the distinct in vivo kinetics of circulating sEV subpopulations with different cell sources, among which erythrocyte-derived sEVs showed the longest lifespan. Moreover, compared with circulating sEVs in situ or used as autograft, circulating sEVs used as allograft had the shortest lifetime. In addition, the in situ biotinylation strategy also provides a way for the enrichment of biotinylated circulating sEVs. In summary, this study provides a novel strategy for in situ labeling of circulating sEVs, which would facilitate the accurate characterization of their kinetics in vivo, thereby accelerating their future application as biomarkers and theranositic vectors.

This study quantitatively analyzed the shape, angularity, and roughness of road aggregate particles. A contactless three-dimensional (3D) scanning technique was used to capture the 3D coordinate data of point clouds on an aggregate surface. The data were then used to reconstruct 3D elevation digital models of aggregate particles. Six independent feature parameters were subsequently used as an evaluation index to quantitatively describe the multilevel features of the 3D morphology of road aggregates. The methods for calculating and analyzing the feature parameters on the basis of the cloud data of the aggregate scanning point were also presented. The 3D morphologies of four types of road aggregates were studied. On the basis of the results, an aggregate polishing testing system was developed, and the practicability of the 3D roughness coefficient index was demonstrated accordingly. Results show that (1) the sphericity index can describe the compactness of aggregate shape, (2) the shape factor index can describe the needle-flake properties of aggregates, (3) the ellipsoid index can evaluate the sharp edges and corners of aggregates, (4) the maximum surface curvature can be used to identify the local angular features of particles, (5) the two-dimensional roughness index can be used to analyze the anisotropic characteristics of the surface profiles of aggregates, and (6) the 3D roughness index is suitable for evaluating the roughness of aggregate surface texture at the mesoscopic level. Under the experimental conditions of this study, the shape and angular features of aggregate particles matched the requirements of road performance. This result benefitted the formation of an aggregate skeleton structure in asphalt concrete with S>0.76, SF of 0.80-1.20, and E of 0.79-0.88. The aggregate texture was uneven, and the physical adsorption between the asphalt and the aggregates on the contact surface was relatively high when JRC3D ≥ 11.0.

Reconstruction of grassland ecosystems and their vegetation succession is an important issue in palaeoenvironmental research. Phytoliths and pollen are two common proxies for palaeovegetation reconstruction, and their importance can be evaluated based on investigations of the relationships between modern vegetation and phytolith/pollen assemblages in surface-soil samples. The correlations between phytolith assemblages and environmental variables were analysed based on 34 surface-soil samples from the Xilingol Grassland, Inner Mongolia, North China, and a palynological analysis was carried out on the same samples, enabling a comparison between their sensitivity to vegetation and climate change. The results show that the phytolith assemblages mainly consist of blocky and rondel phytoliths, while other short-cell phytolith types, such as saddle and bilobate types, are scarce. The pollen assemblages were characterised by a high abundance of Artemisia and Amaranthaceae. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) indicated that the most important environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoliths are altitude and latitude, while the mean warmest monthly temperature (MWMT) and altitude were the most significant environmental factors affecting the distribution of the pollen assemblages. CCA of the phytoliths and pollen assemblages separated both samples into two groups: broadleaf forest/scrub and steppe/meadow groups, but it appeared that phytoliths were more sensitive in arid grasslands. This case study could be used as a baseline for interpreting fossil phytolith/pollen assemblages from the grasslands of Inner Mongolia and indicates that multiproxy analysis of the same samples can provide reliable information on palaeovegetation and palaeoclimate reconstruction.

A 38-year-old male patient was diagnosed as acute non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction on Apr 21st 2021 and he received percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty for RCA via transradial artery access. He sought for second percutaneous coronary intervention in our center for frequently exertional angina on Sep 13th 2021. Proximal right radial artery pulsation can not be touched in physical examination, indicating right radial artery occlusion (RAO). Distal transradial access was applied and RAO was confirmed via angiography. With balloon pre-dilation, the guidewire and guiding catheter crossed the occlusion and coronary intervention was successfully completed. A Reewarm 2.5 × 220 mm paclitaxel drug-coated balloon (Endovastec, China) was released at 12 atm in radial arterial lesion with 90 s. Pulsation of radial artery can be well palpated 24 h after PCI. No oral anticoagulant was added. The right radial artery remained patent after 8-month and 14-month follow-up and there was no abnormal sensation or obstacle of right hand.

Cav3.1, a subfamily of T-type calcium channel, is overexpressed in various human cancers and exerts important functions in tumor progression. This study is to identify the expression pattern and clinical significance of Cav3.1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Firstly, the expression levels of Cav3.1 in oral mucosa (OM), dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were determined and compared by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. After that, human tissue microarrays, containing 29 OM, 23 dysplasia and 122 primary OSCC samples, were applied to investigate the expression levels of Cav3.1, proliferation markers [Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)] and cellular anti-apoptosis markers [B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)] by immunohistochemistry and digital pathology analysis. In addition, we determined the function of Cav3.1 using knockdown assays of Cav3.1 in vitro. The results demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression of Cav3.1 were significantly higher in OSCC specimens, and Cav3.1 expression in primary OSCCs was correlated with tumor size and pathological grade. Statistical analysis of immunohistochemical staining showed that Cav3.1 was closely correlated with Ki-67, PCNA and Bcl-2. Functional studies showed that the knockdown of Cav3.1 in OSCC cell lines using RNA interference influenced cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro. Taken together, these findings suggested that Cav3.1 is overexpressed in OSCC tissues, also associated with proliferative and anti-apoptotic activity in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The specimens (two pairs of part and counterpart) of coniferalean branched leafy shoots were collected from the Jiulongshan Formation (Middle Jurassic) at the village of Daohugou, Ningcheng, Inner Mongolia, China. The fossil material displays helical phyllotaxy, dorsiventrally flattened linear, sessile leaves with decurrent base and prominent and single mid-vein. The foliate shoots are assigned to Sequoia jeholensis by comparing those of the genera Yanliaoa, Sequoia, Metasequoia, Taxodium, and Glyptostrobus, the basal members of the Cupressaceae sensu lato. Sequoia jeholensis is the oldest Sequoia species to date. It has coriaceous, dimorphic, helically arranged linear and scale leaves, with entire margins, attached obliquely to the axis by their decurrent bases. The leaf cuticle of S. jeholensis is described here for the first time. Leaves are hypostomatic, with stomata only on the abaxial surface. Anticlinal walls are straight, with single or more often paired pits. The epidermal structures of Sequoia are one of the key characters to distinguish it from similar genera, but they usually could not be used to distinguish the species within Sequoia. The Middle Jurassic of Daohugou represents a lacustrine environment with a warm and humid climate reflected by the species assemblage. So, the extinct Sequoia probably had similar climatic requirements to those of extant Sequoia sempervirens.

According to the cylindrical cavity expansion theory, the equation calculating the lateral displacement of soil along the pile shaft is obtained. Combined with the Herschel–Bulkley model with time-varying viscosity and the uniform flow equation, the analytical solution of the grouting fracturing height (GFH) for the post-grouted at the pile tip and considering the time-varying viscosity is derived under certain assumptions. For the problem of post grouting in the layered soil, the iterative calculation method of the GFH is given. The influence of the grouting pressure, pile length, pile radius, thickness of mud skin, rheological index, initial consistency coefficient, time-varying coefficient, and grouting time for grouting on the GFH is analyzed with examples. Finally, the problems of time-varying viscosity and grouting pressure loss are discussed.

The traditional bored pile technology has some arduous problems, such as the sediment at the pile tip, the mud skin along the pile shaft, and the stress release due to borehole construction. The post-grouted technology at the pile tip of bored pile has emerged because of demand. The grouting migration height (GMH) is of great significance to the strengthen and reinforcement of the pile foundation. This paper derives the calculation formula of the GMH based on the theory of the column hole expansion and Herschel-Bulkley model. The influence of relevant parameters on the GMH is discussed. Aiming at the problem of the grouting migration along the pile shaft in layered soils, the iterative calculation method of the GMH is proposed. The correctness of the GMH is verified by an engineering case, which can guide the engineering practice. The result shows that the GMH increases with the increase of the grouting pressure, the pile diameter and the thickness of the mud skin, and the grouting pressure is positively correlated with the GMH. The GMH decreases with the increase of the buried depth, the consistency coefficient and the rheological index. On this basis, the correctness of the GMH is verified by an engineering case.

Background To investigate the relationship between 24-hour urinary microalbumin (24h-UmAlb) and atrial arrhythmia in patients with essential hypertension (EH). Methods From March 2018 to January 2020, 917 EH patients at First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were enrolled, and divided into nonatrial arrhythmia and atrial arrhythmia groups according to their 24-hour dynamic electrocardiography. The general clinical data and laboratory test parameters were compared. Results Compared with patients without atrial arrhythmia, the 24-UmAlb level was higher in patients with atrial arrhythmia (8.0, 5.0–19.7 vs. 7.5, 4.5–15.5 mg/24 hours, Z = −2.190, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that positive 24-UmAlb (odds ratio = 1.649, 95% confidence interval 1.065–2.554) and supine angiotensin II (odds ratio = 1.407, 95% confidence interval 1.034–1.914) were the risk factor for atrial arrhythmia in patients with EH after adjusted for left atrial diameter, age, course of hypertension, 24-hour systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions 24h-UmAlb is one of the risk factors for atrial arrhythmia in patients with EH.

Aim. Based on optical coherence tomography (OCT), we aimed to determine the diagnosis, clinical characteristics, and interventions of braid-like coronary arteries, which are rare and tend to be diagnosed as a woven coronary artery (WCA) anomaly. Methods and Results. We identified braid-like lesions on coronary angiography (CAG) in 7 patients (6 men; median age 47 years; age range 26 to 57 years). All patients were heavy smokers. Four patients were diagnosed with an old myocardial infarction and the other 3 with unstable angina. The braid-like lesions were located in the left anterior descending arteries in 2 patients and in the right coronary arteries in the other 5. TIMI grade 2 flow was observed in all involved vessels. OCT findings of all lesions were consistent with recanalization of organized thrombi, which consisted of septa that divided the lumen into multiple small cavities communicating with each other. No separate three-layered structure could be defined. Based on the significance of the stenosis and its related symptoms, drug-eluting stents were implanted in all of the lesions. All patients experienced symptomatic improvement after the intervention and were followed up event-free for 12 months. Conclusions. Braid-like coronary arteries are likely to undergo recanalization of organized thrombi rather than WCA according to our OCT findings. The majority of cases affect men who smoke heavily. Percutaneous stent implantation may be beneficial in selected patients when feasible.

A patch-based method for detecting vehicle logos using prior knowledge is proposed. By representing the coarse region of the logo with the weight matrix of patch intensity and position, the proposed method is robust to bad and complex environmental conditions. The bounding-box of the logo is extracted by a thershloding approach. Experimental results show that 93.58% location accuracy is achieved with 1100 images under various environmental conditions, indicating that the proposed method is effective and suitable for the location of vehicle logo in practical applications.

This article summarizes the current development situation of automotive integrated circuits, the origin of relevant domestic and foreign standards AEC Q100, IEC 61967, IEC 62132. In addition, this article introduces in detail the test methods of IEC 61967 and IEC 62132 standards, that is radiated emissions, radiated immunity, conducted emissions, conducted immunity, and gives a test block diagram of the relevant test methods. Finally, this article summarizes the status of domestic integrated circuit electromagnetic compatibility testing and standards

The pore water pressure of tailings dam has a very great influence on the stability of tailings dam. Based on the assumption of one-dimensional consolidation and small strain, the partial differential equation of pore water pressure is deduced. The obtained differential equation can be simplified based on the parameters which are constants. According to the characteristics of the tailings dam, the pore water pressure of the tailings dam can be divided into the slope dam segment, dry beach segment, and artificial lake segment. The pore water pressure is obtained through solving the partial differential equation by separation variable method. On this basis, the dissipation and accumulation of pore water pressure of the upstream tailings dam are analyzed. The example of typical tailings is introduced to elaborate the applicability of the analytic solution. What is more, the application of pore water pressure in tailings dam is discussed. The research results have important scientific and engineering application value for the stability of tailings dam.

To investigate the uniformity of copper particles in formulation design of copper-coated graphite, a quadrat-based method was presented with the image processing. Firstly, the particles were located by the foreground and background clustering algorithm. Then, an improved uniformity quantification model was established using the size and position of the particles. The findings based on the experimental results of the proposed method are as follows: the method is an effective way to quantify the uniformity by comparing with the human visual achievement; the quadrat number should be low to preserve the high performance of the method; at last, it is reasonable to use the mean uniformity in formulation design.

Background subtraction is important process in many automatic video content analysis applications. extracting foreground moving objects from video sequences is a crucial step and also a hot topic in computer vision and image processing . This paper presents a new approach in image processing for detection crack in video. This method involves two main steps: First, we use based on Visual Background Extractor (Vibe) to detection moving crack in video. Second steps: Using a suitable threshold in a binary image and classifies all pixels two groups’ background and foreground. And use filter area and changes the area if less than the specific number to back; and using filtering to elimination of residual noise. This paper describes a method for detection crack in video we use Image Processing Techniques. The advantage of this method is clearly and accurate detection of cracks in video. Experimental work shows that our method is improved relatively to the other widely used techniques.

Chamber earth pressure is one of the significant parameters during the Earth Pressure Balance (EPB) shield construction processing. The soil arching effect is existence when the tunnel depth is enough. It is significant to consider the influence of arching effect to analyze the pressure in soil chamber in shield tunneling. In this paper, the influence of arching effect is considered to calculate the chamber earth pressure. Firstly, the soil is supposed as loose media, and the necessary buried depth of producing arching affects is deduced according to the loose media theory. Then, based on the characteristic of proper arching axis, the equation and the height of proper arch are obtained. At last, the calculation formula of minimum chamber earth pressure of EPB shield tunnel is deduced which can consider the effect of arching effect.

Aims - The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of a berberine derivative, berberine8998, on serum cholesterol and lipid levels in-vivo and to explore the mechanisms involved.Methods - Lipid lowering effect of berberine and berberine8998 was determined by high fat diet model on hamsters. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides were analyzed. The potential target proteins on hamster liver were screened by iTRAQ labeled proteomics. The effect of berberine and berberine8998 on ACOX1 and ACSL1 was determined by western blot. Non-esterified fatty acids were analyzed to demonstrate its effect on triglyceride and fatty acid. Pharmacokinetics of berberine 8998 was conducted on SD rats.Results - Berberine8998 significant lowered the total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG) and LDL-c levels in hamsters. Bioinformatics revealed that berberine and berberine8998 shared similar metabolic pathways where fatty acid metabolism was the most dominant one. Western blot validation results showed that peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1), Long-chain-fatty-acid—CoA ligase 1 (ACSL1) a protein involved in fatty acid metabolism, expressed differently in berberine8998 group comparing with both model group and berberine treatment group. Further biochemistry results showed that berberine8998 significantly lowered the non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA), which may lead to the reduction of TG levels in berberine8998 treatment groups and the difference in proteomics. Pharmacokinetic study showed that berberine8998, could remarkably improve absorption by 6.7 times, comparing with berberine.Conclusion - These findings suggest that berberine8998 lowers both cholesterol and lipid with different mechanisms from berberine and is a promising therapeutic candidate for treating hypercholesterolemia and obesity.

The courses of computer programming language are important basic specialty courses for majors of science and technology in universities. These courses are often both highly abstract and practical, and many works involved in the teaching process are worth exploring and researching. Focusing on teaching methods of “C++ programming language” course, this paper presents our ideas and practice in performing teaching work in the course. In the paper, we discusses some important works in different teaching links, including textbook selection, courseware preparation, classroom teaching, practical ability training. Our practice has proved that, by adopting appropriate teaching methods to adapt to the actual situation in the teaching process, the teachers can control teaching process flexibly and improve teaching effectiveness and quality.

Based on the theory of equivalent internal friction angle, the soil layers around the tunnel were equal to cohesionless homogeneous mass in this paper. On the basis of the Terzarghi unconsolidated mass theory, the local soil arching effect of the existing open trench tunnel which was located the side walls load was discussed under the ground asymmetric filling. Furthermore, when the backfill soil appeared the local soil arching effect, the critical embedded depth formula was given. Finally, it is concluded that both the size and distribution of the ground asymmetric filling load have influence on the local soil arching effect of the existing open trench tunnel.

In order to further regulate the vertical earthquake action in seismic design specification, to overcome the unreasonable and inconvenient flaws in certain conditions by using vertical to horizontal spectra ratio function, the feasibility of stipulating vertical design response spectrum with the same way of horizontal one is deal with in this paper. 1513 sets of three component records during 64 earthquakes from NGA-west1 database are selected and grouped by magnitude, distance and site conditions. Average acceleration response spectrum of each group is generalized to get the corresponding mean maximum amplitude and effective peak acceleration EPA. Furthermore, some groups with EPA in an interval are merged into one. Once again, the parameters, such as maximum amplitude and characteristic periods of each final grouping are acquired by the same way. The former is divided by the corresponding horizontal value for site category, to obtain the site coefficient for vertical action. Finally a preliminary suggestion of vertical site coefficient and characteristic period are presented. Comparison of observed data with results from the new suggestion and those from spectral ratio shows that the improvement of this study is obvious.

Area cost estimation model is important for accurate measurement of area on reconfigurable processor. However, in the process of CI (Custom Instruction), traditional model can’t accurately estimate area cost of CI candidates. In the paper, we propose a novel strategy of area cost estimation. According to island-style FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) structure, the strategy firstly enumerated all BCs (Basic Cells) from data-path of CI candidates. Then checked all the validity of BCs enumerated, and selected the unique BC set to overlap original data-paths. We lastly used the effective estimation model based on BC to accurately measure area cost of candidates. Experimental results show that novel strategy can accurately estimate area cost of CI candidates, which is very close to actual result from a HLS (High Level Synthesis) tool, and deviation is less than 6%.

the effect of dynamic change activities of enzymatic in Sugarcane field with different coating material was studied With three kinds of coated compound fertilizer as raw materials. Results show that the soil enzymatic activities of catalase,sucrase and urease increased first and then decreased at different sugarcane growth stage; By comparing the Coated compound fertilizer of coated materials ofIdesia polycarpavar.vestitawith CK, we realized the quantity of soil catalase increased 0.03mol/L、that of soil sucrase increased 0.91 mg/g、that of soil urease increased 0.05 mg/g and that of the production increased 23.7%. That was beneficial to the improvement of soil enzyme activity of coated compound fertilizer as raw materials oil ofIdesia polycarpa var.vestita.

Based on the Protojiakonov's theory and Rankine's earth pressure theory, the existing open trench tunnel under ground asymmetric load, the failure mode of the surrounding rock and the calculation of the surrounding rock pressure will be analysed in this paper. According to the buried depth, the analysis shows that the surrounding rock pressure calculation can be divided into three situations: when the tunnel is deep buried, the Protojiakonov's theory is used to calculate the surrounding rock pressure; when the tunnel is shallow buried and the side wall generate soil arching effect, the surrounding rock pressure calculation of the side wall will consider the soil arching effect and use the Protojiakonov's theory. However, another side wall will use the Rankine's earth pressure theory; when the tunnel is shallow buried and the side wall can't generate soil arching effect, regarding the two side walls as retaining walls according to the Rankine's earth pressure theory.

Aiming at the randomness and variability of geotechnical parameters, the uniform test and nonparametric regression technique of alternating conditional expectation (ACE) is used to establish the efficiency response surface. On the basis of response surface, the Monte Carlo method was used to research the reliability optimal design and analysis method of soil nailing structure. Considering various failure modes of soil nailing structure, and setting the system failure probability as constraint, and per linear meter length of soil nail as the objective function, than to establish the reliability optimal model of soil nailing structure of foundation pit with the indexes of soil shear strength c, φ and ground overload as random variables. Through an engineering case analysis, the feasibility and effectiveness of this method are verified. Finally, the superiority of the proposed method is proved compared with the deterministic method.

Combined with the advantage of BP neural network, a time series forecast method of foundation pit deformation based on BP neural network is proposed. According to the excavation process of foundation pit, the deformation forecast model is built by analyzing the measured data of early working stage. Then, the model is used to forecast the deformation of later working stage. Through an engineering optimization example, it is showed that this method is not only efficient, but also with good economic and practical value.

The excavations engineering, which is a traditional topic, has an epoch-marking characteristics in geotechnical engineering. With the process of urbanization, the excavations engineering is confronted with new problems. Firstly, the retaining and protection structure (RPS) which is common at present is introduced. Then, their applicable conditions and advantages and disadvantages are discussed, which can provide basis for selecting the RPS in excavations engineering. On this basis, some important problems which exist in the supporting technology are analyzed, and the developing trend is prospected for the supporting technology in excavations engineering.

Background Accumulating evidence suggests that low concentrations of serum 25(OH)D is coupled with increased risks of hypertension, obesity, and cardiovascular disease. However, this relationship has not been established in populations with very low levels of 25(OH)D. Therefore, the aim of our study was to clarify the associations between 25(OH)D and blood pressure, obesity, sex, and lipid profiles in the Kazak ethnic population, who have an extremely low level of 25(OH)D. Material/Methods A multistage-cluster sampling survey was carried out for residents with Kazak ethnicity in Xinjiang, China. Anthropometric measurements of each participant were taken and the concentrations of 25(OH)D, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, and lipid profiles were measured. Individuals were classified into different groups in terms of vitamin D status, degree of adiposity, presence of hypertension, and other comorbidities. Results The madian concentration of 25(OH)D was 16.2 (11.8–20.5) ng/mL and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 72.4% in this Kazak population (n=928, 59.0% women). Females had a lower 25(OH)D concentration than males – 14.6 (10.5–19.4) ng/mL vs. 17.7 (14.8–22.5) ng/mL, P

The shear stress transfer of prestressed anchor is the key for anchor performance and engineering design. The interface bonding strength between soil and induration has a very important role in supporting capacity of the soil anchor. It is presumed that the deformation between the soil layer rod and induration is compatible after the sliding section. Based on the Mindlin solution of a force act on the interior of a semi-infinite solid, a theory solution for the shear load of anchorage section is solved by considering the part of slip characteristics of interface in the loading process. On this basis, the shear stress of anchorage section is tested from anchor pullout test on site. Contrasted with the tests result, it is proved that the theoretical analysis is consistent with the tests. Theoretically, the research of shear stress transfer will enrich and develop anchor cable theory.

The stress drop during a earthquake is deal with by many papers, but has not been estimated very well yet at present. In order to study its influence on synthesized motion, the motions at two rock sites where records were obtained during the Wenchuan earthquake are synthesized by a hybrid source model from two stress drop values, 30 bar and 85 bars respectively. The result shows that the acceleration time histories, response spectra and mean peak values of motions from 85 bar are comparable to the records, but those of motions from 30 bar are much smaller than the records. It means that the way to inverse the regional parameters simultaneously from regional small quake records is acceptable.

Fulvic acid solution whose the pH value is at 2.9 and 3.5 is adopted to conduct immersion test of three days cured red clay-cemented soil composite mass. Through monitoring the acid consumption and specimen appearance, the corrosivity and mechanism of red clay-cemented soil composite mass while under the fulvic acid circumstances is studied. It is showed that fulvic acid has some corrosivity to the composite mass. The smaller pH value is, and the more severe corrosivity is. The erosion process can be divided into quick response and stable stages, where the former stage is the primary and the latter is weak.

The ground motions at two rock stations where motions were recorded during the great Wenchuan earthquae are randomly synthsized for 10 times. The mean response spectrum and mean PGA of each synthesis and the general mean spectrum and PGA after each synthesis are calculated. The result shows the fact that the general mean spectrum after 10 syntheses, and the general mean PGA could be improved just a little. It means that it is not necessary to synthsize ground motion many times for an engineering site in practice, if the mean spectrum and PG are taken from the syntheses by 30 source models.

The soil layers around the tunnel were equal to cohesionless homogenate mass by introducing the concept of equivalent internal frictionangle in this paper. Based on the Terzarghi unconsolidated mass theory, the soil arching effect of existing open trench tunnels under ground asymmetric load is discussed. Furthermore, the critical embedded depth formula of soil arching effect is given. Finally, it is concluded that both the size and distribution of the ground asymmetric load have influence on soil arching effect of existing open trench tunnel.

In order to study the characteristics of ground motions at the two dam sites damaged during the great Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the motions at two observation stations nearby are synthesized in this paper. 30 finite fault based hybrid source models of the great Wenchuan earthquake with magnitude 8.0 is built. The global and local parameters are both generated from the truncated Normal distribution with mean and standard deviation values estimated by a set of semi-experiential calibration laws and from the regional seismo-tectonics, structure of the crust, and seismicity. A representative source model is then chosen from the corresponding response spectrum mostly close to the average one. The result motions are presented, and the characteristics of the time histories, response spectra and the peak accelerations are quite close to the recordings.

In order to study the soil nail optimization of foundation pit and obtain the global optimal solution, this paper establishes the predictive model of response surface by combining uniform test design(UD) and the support vector machine(SVM) technology. In order to avoid the disadvantages of large amount of calculation and low efficiency in heuristic algorithm, and to gain the optimal model of the explicitly analytical function in gradient algorithm, based on the predictive model of response surface under the constraint conditions, the foundation pit soil nailing is optimized through the application of enumerative algorithm. Through an engineering example, it is showed that is a time-saving method and don't need explicitly analytical model. Meanwhile, it can obtain the global optimal solution.

The ground motions on two dam sites during the great Wenchuan earthquake with magnitude 8.0, motions are synthesized from 30 finite fault based hybrid source models and inversed regional parameters of source spectrum and motion attenuation. The results show that the peak ground acceleration values are less than those estimated directly from the Intensities Ⅹ and Ⅺ at the two sites, with mean values 259 and 716 gals. The motion at Shapai is much stronger than that at Zipingpu, and the spectrum is also wider than the latter, but the corresponding duration is shorter during the earthquake.

foundation pit, pile-anchor support, optimization design, uniform test, SVM response surface

Traditional analysis methods of reliability in the foundation pit engineering have larger error and larger amount of calculation. Therefore, the response surface method has attracted much attention because it can effectively use the finite element analysis method (FEAM) and reduce the number of the numerical simulation. This paper combines uniform design (UD) with support vector machine (SVM). On this base, a reliability analysis method of the foundation pit is put forward based on the response surface of support vector machine (RSSVM). The UD structures random samples and the FEAM is used to obtain corresponding response parameters including the lateral displacement of wall, settlement of ground, safety factor of overall stability and safety factor of against overturning. Then, SVM trains the above random samples and corresponding response parameters to get response surface (RS) respectively. The probability density distribution of each response parameter is obtained by combining the Monte Carlo method with RSSVM. The instance analysis shows that the method has high computing efficiency and less amount of calculation, and the result is reasonable. It provides an effective way for the reliability analysis of the foundation pit engineering.

The double-row piles retaining structure (DRPRS) is widely applied in the excavation engineering, but its calculation theory is immature and in appropriate. Based on the theory of earth pressure distribution, the distribution characteristics of earth pressure is analyzed to different layout form, and the general formula of earth pressure is derived. From the perspectives of the morphology of slip surface, linear slip surface morphology and broken-line slip surface morphology are proposed based on the feature of the DRPRS. A new calculation model is proposed combining the earth pressure and slip surface morphology. On this basis, one example is used to analyze the force and deformation mechanism of the DRPRS in detail. The research results can guide the engineering practices and promote the development of calculation theory for the DRPRS.

Sensitivity analysis of double-row piles is often obtained by changing the value of single influencing factor and doesn’t considering the interaction of influencing factors. So, a new sensitivity analysis method is proposed which can consider the interaction of influencing factors. In this method, uniform design (UD) and alternating conditional expectations regression (ACE) are used. The embedded depth of the forward pile, row space, length of the back pile, equivalent thickness of forward pile, equivalent thickness of coupling beam, and equivalent thickness of back pile are six input parameters called influencing factors. The maximum horizontal displacement of the pile head (MDP), maximum bending moment of forward pile (MMF), maximum ground settlement (GS), and coefficient of global stabilization (CGS) are four outputs as target parameters. The sensitivity can be obtained in this geological condition, excavation depth and surrounding environment. It is showed that the stiffness of back pile is the critical influence factor to MDP, the stiffness of forward pile is the critical influence factor to MMF and GS, and the length of back pile is the critical influence factor to CGS.