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Culture supernatants from GC cells inhibit neutrophil apoptosis in vitro. Neutrophils were untreated or stimulated with 20% culture supernatants from GC cells (AGS) for the indicated times. The rate of apoptosis of the cells was analyzed by staining with FITC-conjugated Annexin V and propidium iodide and determined by flow cytometry. The values represent the mean {plus minus} SE of four separate experiments: (A) representative image; (B) statistical results.

Association of CD66b+ cells in IM and TC with clinicopathological characteristics.

Univariate and Multivariate Analyses of Factors Associated with Overall Survival (OS) and Progression-free Survival (PFS).

Clinical characteristics of the 573 gastric cancer patients

Primers for real-time PCR

The accumulation of neutrophils in the invasive margin and IL-17 expression predicts reduced survival in GC patients. 245 paraffin-embedded GC samples were stained with an anti-CD66b Ab. The patients were divided into two groups according to the median CD66b+ neutrophil density. Overall survival and progression-free survival of 245 patients; High infiltration of neutrophils in the invasive margin was associated with reduced survival in different TNM stages. Cumulative overall and progression-free survival time were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and analyzed by the log-rank test (A). Kaplan-Meier analysis of progression-free survival and overall survival stratified by IL-17 expression in GC patients (B).

Association of CD66b+ and MMP-9+ cells in the invasive margin of GC (n = 245).

The efficacy of laparoscopic vs open surgery for patients with low rectal cancer has not been established.To compare the short-term efficacy of laparoscopic surgery vs open surgery for treatment of low rectal cancer.This multicenter, noninferiority randomized clinical trial was conducted in 22 tertiary hospitals across China. Patients scheduled for curative-intent resection of low rectal cancer were randomized at a 2:1 ratio to undergo laparoscopic or open surgery. Between November 2013 and June 2018, 1070 patients were randomized to laparoscopic (n = 712) or open (n = 358) surgery. The planned follow-up was 5 years. Data analysis was performed from April 2021 to March 2022.Eligible patients were randomized to receive either laparoscopic or open surgery.The short-term outcomes included pathologic outcomes, surgical outcomes, postoperative recovery, and 30-day postoperative complications and mortality.A total of 1039 patients (685 in laparoscopic and 354 in open surgery) were included in the modified intention-to-treat analysis (median [range] age, 57 [20-75] years; 620 men [59.7%]; clinical TNM stage II/III disease in 659 patients). The rate of complete mesorectal excision was 85.3% (521 of 685) in the laparoscopic group vs 85.8% (266 of 354) in the open group (difference, -0.5%; 95% CI, -5.1% to 4.5%; P = .78). The rate of negative circumferential and distal resection margins was 98.2% (673 of 685) vs 99.7% (353 of 354) (difference, -1.5%; 95% CI, -2.8% to 0.0%; P = .09) and 99.4% (681 of 685) vs 100% (354 of 354) (difference, -0.6%; 95% CI, -1.5% to 0.5%; P = .36), respectively. The median number of retrieved lymph nodes was 13.0 vs 12.0 (difference, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.1-1.9; P = .39). The laparoscopic group had a higher rate of sphincter preservation (491 of 685 [71.7%] vs 230 of 354 [65.0%]; difference, 6.7%; 95% CI, 0.8%-12.8%; P = .03) and shorter duration of hospitalization (8.0 vs 9.0 days; difference, -1.0; 95% CI, -1.7 to -0.3; P = .008). There was no significant difference in postoperative complications rate between the 2 groups (89 of 685 [13.0%] vs 61 of 354 [17.2%]; difference, -4.2%; 95% CI, -9.1% to -0.3%; P = .07). No patient died within 30 days.In this randomized clinical trial of patients with low rectal cancer, laparoscopic surgery performed by experienced surgeons was shown to provide pathologic outcomes comparable to open surgery, with a higher sphincter preservation rate and favorable postoperative recovery.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01899547.

The currently dominant variant of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, carrying a great number of mutations, has been verified its strong capacity of immune escape in COVID-19 convalescents and vaccinated individuals. An increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection or breakthrough infection should be concerned. Here we reported higher humoral immune response elicited by Delta and Omicron variants after breaking through previous infection and cross-neutralization against VOCs, compared to the ancestral wild-type (WT) virus infection. To overcome the immune escape of Omicron, Omicron-specific vaccine was considered as a novel and potential strategy. Mouse models were used to verify whether Omicron-specific RBD subunit boost immune response by immunizing Omicron-RBD recombinant proteins. Three doses of Omicron-RBD immunization elicit comparable neutralizing antibody (NAb) titers with three doses of WT-RBD immunization, but the neutralizing activity was not cross-active. By contrast, two doses of WT-RBD with an Omicron-RBD booster increased the NAb geometric mean titers against Omicron by 9 folds. Moreover, an additional boost vaccination with Omicron-RBD protein could increase humoral immune response against both WT and current VOCs. These results suggest that the Omicron-specific subunit booster shows its advantages in the immune protection from both WT and current VOCs, and that SARS-CoV-2 vaccines administration using two or more virus lineages as antigens might improve the NAb response.

The clinical features and immune responses of asymptomatic individuals infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been well described. We studied 37 asymptomatic individuals in the Wanzhou District who were diagnosed with RT-PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infections but without any relevant clinical symptoms in the preceding 14 d and during hospitalization. Asymptomatic individuals were admitted to the government-designated Wanzhou People's Hospital for centralized isolation in accordance with policy1. The median duration of viral shedding in the asymptomatic group was 19 d (interquartile range (IQR), 15-26 d). The asymptomatic group had a significantly longer duration of viral shedding than the symptomatic group (log-rank P = 0.028). The virus-specific IgG levels in the asymptomatic group (median S/CO, 3.4; IQR, 1.6-10.7) were significantly lower (P = 0.005) relative to the symptomatic group (median S/CO, 20.5; IQR, 5.8-38.2) in the acute phase. Of asymptomatic individuals, 93.3% (28/30) and 81.1% (30/37) had reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels, respectively, during the early convalescent phase, as compared to 96.8% (30/31) and 62.2% (23/37) of symptomatic patients. Forty percent of asymptomatic individuals became seronegative and 12.9% of the symptomatic group became negative for IgG in the early convalescent phase. In addition, asymptomatic individuals exhibited lower levels of 18 pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. These data suggest that asymptomatic individuals had a weaker immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The reduction in IgG and neutralizing antibody levels in the early convalescent phase might have implications for immunity strategy and serological surveys.

We report acute antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in 285 patients with COVID-19. Within 19 days after symptom onset, 100% of patients tested positive for antiviral immunoglobulin-G (IgG). Seroconversion for IgG and IgM occurred simultaneously or sequentially. Both IgG and IgM titers plateaued within 6 days after seroconversion. Serological testing may be helpful for the diagnosis of suspected patients with negative RT-PCR results and for the identification of asymptomatic infections.

Protein sensors based on allosteric enzymes responding to target binding with rapid changes in enzymatic activity are potential tools for homogeneous assays. However, a high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is difficult to achieve in their construction. A high S/N is critical to discriminate signals from the background, a phenomenon that might largely vary among serum samples from different individuals. Herein, based on the modularized luciferase NanoLuc, we designed a novel biosensor called NanoSwitch. This sensor allows direct detection of antibodies in 1 μl serum in 45 min without washing steps. In the detection of Flag and HA antibodies, NanoSwitches respond to antibodies with S/N ratios of 33-fold and 42-fold, respectively. Further, we constructed a NanoSwitch for detecting SARS-CoV-2-specific antibodies, which showed over 200-fold S/N in serum samples. High S/N was achieved by a new working model, combining the turn-off of the sensor with human serum albumin and turn-on with a specific antibody. Also, we constructed NanoSwitches for detecting antibodies against the core protein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) and gp41 of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interestingly, these sensors demonstrated a high S/N and good performance in the assays of clinical samples; this was partly attributed to the combination of off-and-on models. In summary, we provide a novel type of protein sensor and a working model that potentially guides new sensor design with better performance.

Purpose: To develop a circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) methylation signature for early detection of metastatic relapse and surveillance of therapeutic efficacy in stage III CRC. Perimental design: The deferentially methylated locations (DMLs) between 52 normal intestinal mucosa and 134 stage III CRC tissue and between plasma from 96 stage I/II CRC patients and 73 stage IV CRC patients were detected by high-throughput targeted methylation sequencing. CtDNA methylation signature was established by random forest with DMLs shared by plasma and tissue samples. This signature was then applied to predict the risk of metastatic disease recurrence in blood samples from 50 stage III CRC patients and dynamic monitor the recurrence risk in serial blood samples from 4 CRC patients. Results: 2237 and 1185 hypermethylation markers were identified in CRC tissue and plasma from stage IV CRC patients, respectively. Our signature achieved the sensitivity of 84.21% and specificity of 81.81% in distinguishing late CRC from early CRC in the validation cohort. Moreover, this signature yielded high sensitivity (87.5%) and specificity (94.12%) for predicting metastatic disease relapse in a cohort of 50 stage III CRC patients, and could be an independent risk factor for relapse in those patients (HR, 18.7; 95% CI, 5.3-66.2; P = 9.86e-6). The analyses of serial blood samples of CRC showed that this model was more sensitive to monitor treatment response than imaging examination and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Conclusions: We identify a ctDNA methylation signature for stratifying risk of recurrence in stage III CRC and non-invasively monitoring treatment response.Statement of translational relevanceWe successfully developed a ctDNA methylation signature for risk assessment of metastatic disease recurrence in stage III CRC patients and surveillance of therapeutic efficacy of CRC. Funding: This work was supported by the National Key R&D program of China (2017YFC1309002), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672821, 81872041, 81773101, 81802306, 81903002), Natural Science Foundation Key program of Guangdong Province of China (2018B0303110017), Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China (2018A030310457, 2019A1515011436), Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (2017B020226005). Declaration of Interest: The authors Jianbing Fan, Xia Li are employees of AnchorDx Medical Co., Ltd., a company that focuses on the development of next generation sequencing diagnostic products for cancer detection using liquid biopsy. All other authors declare no competing financial interest. Ethical Approval: It was approved by the Human Research Ethical Review Board in Southern Hospital of Southern Medical University and Southern Theater General Hospital of Chinese people's Liberation Army.

Background: Whether extended lymphadenectomy for right colon cancer leads to increased perioperative complications or improves survival is still controversial. This multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of complete mesocolic excision (CME) versus D2 dissection in laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for patients with right colon cancer. Methods: This superiority phase III trial was undertaken at 17 hospitals in 9 provinces of China. Patients with adenocarcinoma located between the cecum and the right third of the transverse colon, without evidence of distant metastases, were randomly assigned (in a 1:1 ratio) to receive either CME or D2 dissection during laparoscopic right colectomy. Morbidity and mortality in the first 30 days after surgery were compared between the two groups using a modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis. Findings: A total of 1072 patients were enrolled between January 11, 2016, and December 26, 2019. Of these patients, 995 (495 CME patients, 500 D2 patients) were included in the mITT analysis. The 30-day postoperative morbidity rate was 19·6% in the CME group vs. 21·8% in the D2 group (difference, -2·2% [95%CI, -0·07, - 0·03]; P = 0·34); no deaths occurred in either group. The CME procedures harvested significantly more lymph nodes (26·0 vs 23·0, difference, 3·4 [95%CI, 2·0, 4·9]; P

Objective: To investigate the regulative effect of microRNA-338-3p on colorectal carcinoma cell invasion and migration. Methods: The microRNA-338-3p expression pattern of colorectal carcinoma tissues and cell lines was detected by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The protein level of smoothened was detected by western blot analysis. Furthermore, colorectal carcinoma cells were pretreated with or without anti-smoothened-small interfering ribonucleic acid prior to the addition of pre-microRNA-338-3p or anti-microRNA-338-3p. The status of colorectal carcinoma cell invasion and that of migration were detected by transwell assay and wound healing assay, respectively. Results: The expression of microRNA-338-3p was significantly down-regulated in colorectal carcinoma tissues in comparison with those in the adjacent non-tumorous tissues, and the value was negatively related to advanced tumor, node, metastasis stage and local invasion. The expression of microRNA-338-3p in colorectal carcinoma cells transfected with premicroRNA-338-3p p was significantly increased. Furthermore, over-expression of microRNA338-3p inhibited the expression of smoothened protein in colorectal carcinoma cells, which showed obviously suppressed invasion and migration ability. The expression of microRNA-3383p in colorectal carcinoma cells transfected with anti-microRNA-338-3p was significantly decreased. Moreover, the down-regulated expression of microRNA-338-3p caused the upregulated expression of smoothened protein in colorectal carcinoma cells, which showed significantly enhanced invasion and migration ability. However, anti-smoothened-small interfering ribonucleic acid largely, but not completely, reversed the effects induced by blockage of microRNA-338-3p, suggesting that the regulative effect of microRNA-338-3p on colorectal carcinoma cell invasion and migration was indeed mediated by smoothened. Additionally, smoothened was identified as a direct target of microRNA-338-3p by luciferase assay. Conclusions: MicroRNA-338-3p could inhibit colorectal carcinoma cell invasion and migration by inhibiting smoothened expression.

To construct a MYH9 gene knockout model in MGC803 cell line using transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) and observe its effect on cell cycle and apoptosis.According to FastTALE(TM) TALEN Kit, we designed TALEN pairs and constructed the plasmids targeting to MYH9 gene. After detecting their activity in MGC803 cells by plasmid transfection, DNA sequencing, RT-PCR and western blot, we selected the monoclonal cells and studied the changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis.MYH9 gene could not be knocked out but knocked down in selected MGC803 monoclonal cells, which caused cell cycle arrested at G2/M phase (P0.05) and a significant increase in the cell number with early apoptosis (P0.01).We successfully generated a MYH9 knockdown model in MGC803 cell lines by TALEN, which could be in favor of MYH9 function study in gastric cancer.

We report a case of rectum telangiectasia, a rare form of lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage caused by vascular malformation. The patient underwent laparoscopic assisted abdomino-perineal resection of the sigmoid colon-rectum telangiectasia. The extent and degree of pathological changes were observed directly from the intestinal wall during laparoscopic surgery, and after collection of biopsy evidence, concomitant definitive surgery was performed to achieve a minimally invasive effect.

There are significant differences in clinical characteristics between chronic hepatitis B virus infected (CHB) child and adult patients. Viral quasispecies characteristics are associated with its pathogenic properties. For hepatitis B virus (HBV), its core region is the main immune recognition region for its enriched epitopes. In our study, we discuss the quasispecies characteristics and positive selection within core gene within chronic HBV infected child and adult patients. By analyzing 170 core gene sequences from child CHB patients and 121 core genes sequences from adult CHB patients, quasispecies characteristics were described by sequence complexity, diversity, non-synonymous substitution ratio (dN) and synonymous substitution ratios (dS). In addition, positive selection sites were also determined by bioinformatics tools. Then, all these parameters were compared between child and adult CHB patient groups. Compared with child patients, adult patients with CHB showed distinct quasispecies characteristics within the core region, had a higher sequence complexity and diversity and more positive selection sites, suggesting that the adult CHB patients had a higher immune selection pressure on the HBV core gene. Reduced selection pressure on the HBV core gene in hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive CHB patients than HBeAg negative CHB patients were observed in both adult and child patient groups. The majority of the screened positive selection sites lay within human leukocyte antigens (HLA)-restricted epitopes. In conclusion, this study analyzed the quasispecies characteristics discrepancy between child and adult patients with CHB, and revealed the possible reason for the distinct clinical characteristics in the perspective of population genetics.

To evaluate the risk factors of postoperative complications following D2 radical resection for advanced gastric cancer.From June 2004 to May 2011, 483 patients with local advanced gastric cancer who underwent radical gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection were enrolled in the study, including 132 patients of LAG (27.3%) and 351 patients of open procedure (72.7%). Clinicopathological data and postoperative complications were reviewed retrospectively. Postoperative complications were classified into overall and severe complications according to Clavien-Dindo Classification. Multivariate logistic model was used to identify risk factors of postoperative complications.The overall incidence of postoperative overall and severe complications and mortality were 12.4% (60/483), 2.5% (12/483) and 0.2% (1/483), respectively. Univariate analysis showed that no significant differences were found in overall and severe complications between the two surgical approaches (13.6% vs. 12.0%, P=0.620; 3.0% vs. 2.3%, P=0.743). Furthermore, multivariate analysis showed that age ≥60 years, preoperative comorbidity and intraoperative blood loss300 ml were independent risk factors associated with overall postoperative complications. Remarkably, intraoperative blood loss300 ml was also an independent risk factor for severe postoperative complications.LAG with D2 lymph node dissection for local advanced gastric cancer is technically feasible and safe. However, the elderly, preoperative comorbidity and increased intraoperative blood loss are associated with elevated risk of complications. Decreased intraoperative bleeding may reduce the potential postoperative complications.

To evaluate the short-term outcomes and 5-year recurrence, overall survival, and disease-free survival of laparoscopic assisted surgery for colon cancer.The clinical and pathologic data were compared between the patients who underwent colectomy during March 2003 to July 2008 and assigned in laparoscopic group (n = 92) and open group (n = 285) according the surgical approach. The 5-year overall survival, disease-free survival, and recurrence rate were analyzed for all patients who were followed-up for more than 36 months in either of the groups.The laparoscopic colectomy was associated with manifested less blood loss (50(50) ml) (Z = -8.292, P0.01), early return of bowel function (the evacuation time was (3.0 ± 1.0) days, and the meal time after operation was (4.0 ± 1.3) days) (t = -6.475 and -4.871, P0.01), and longer length (cm) of distal resection margin ((10 ± 4) cm vs. (9 ± 4) cm, t = 3.527, P = 0.000). The 5-year overall survival of the laparoscopic group and the open group were 63.6% and 61.8% respectively. The 5-year disease-free survival of the I-III stage patients in the laparoscopic group and the open group were 69.5% and 65.5% respectively, and the local recurrence were 8.7% and 13.6% (all P0.05).The laparoscopic colectomy for colon cancer is safe in short-term clinical results and non-inferior to the open colectomy in long-term oncological outcomes.

To analyze the vascular anatomy and complications of the right colon under laparoscope.Videotapes of 55 laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy with D3 lymphadenectomy were reviewed and the anatomic relationship and bleeding vessels were determined.The superior mesenteric vein, superior mesenteric artery, ileocolic artery, and middle colic artery were present in all the patients. The right colic artery was present in 45.5%(25/55) of the patients. The incidence of the gastrocolic venous trunk was 74.5%. The overall incidence of intraoperative bleeding was 43.6%. Vessels in the pre-pancreatic region including the right gastroepiploic artery, the gastrocolic venous trunk, and its tributaries had a higher risk of bleeding than the middle colic vein and artery (16.4% vs. 14.5%). Intraoperative bleeding significantly prolonged the overall operative time and lymphadenectomy time.The vascular anatomy of the right colon is intricate and variable and laparoscopic extended right hemicolectomy with D3 lymphadenectomy is associated with a high risk of hemorrhage. Understanding the vessels anatomic relationship of the right colon is valuable to decrease vascular complication.

Emotions play a powerful, central role in our lives. They can influence human behaviors and guide human to adapt to the environment. This paper suggests that human emotion space consists of three kinds of emotions: cognitive emotion, expected emotion and reflex emotion. The human behavior is also divided into two kinds: cognitive behavior and reflex behavior. The emotion generating mechanism and the relationship between emotion and behavior have been detailed analyzed. Based on this work, a computational architecture for modeling emotional behavior in synthetic agent is proposed. At last, an experiment is given to evaluate the proposed architecture.

To investigate the features of intraductal papilloma of the breast in mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assess the diagnostic values of the two imaging modalities.Fifteen patients with intraductal papilloma of the breast confirmed surgically and pathologically underwent X-ray examination of the breast, and 11 of them also received enhanced MRI. The imaging findings by mammography and MRI were compared.Enhanced MRI clearly displayed the location and morphology of the intraductal papilloma, and 7 patients showed smooth tumor margins and 2 showed irregular margins. On T(1)WI, the lesions were isointense or slightly hypointense, and appeared isointense or slightly hyperintense on T(2)WI. Some of the intraductal papillomas were seen encapsulated in the dilated ductal. The varying enhancement features of the lesions increased the difficulty in distinguishing from carcinoma. Mammography identified intraductal papillomas only in 2 of the 15 cases (13%) with lesion feature similar to that found by MRI. Fine cluster calcification was found in 1 case.MRI can more accurately define the location of the lesion than X-ray. In spite of some resemblance in the MRI findings between intraductal papillomas and breast carcinoma, MRI still serves as a useful diagnostic modality for intraductal papilloma that shows some characteristic findings.

To observe the effect of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomies on the perioperative levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and visceral proteins in patients with gastric cancer.T Fifty-three patients with gastric cancer were randomized into two groups to receive laparoscopic surgery (n=26) or open surgery (n=27). The CRP levels were measured preoperatively and at 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after the operation. The levels of the visceral proteins including albumin (ALB), prealbumin (PRE), transferrin (TRF) and retinal-binding protein (RbP) were assayed before and at 3 and 7 days after the operation.Compared with the preoperative levels, the CRP levels in both groups were significantly increased on days 1, 2, and 3 after the operation (P0.05), with the highest level occurred on day 2 postoperatively. The postoperative CRP levels were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than in the open surgery group (P0.01). The levels of ALB, PRE, TRF, and RbP were significantly decreased after operation in both groups (P0.01) without significant differences between the two groups (P0.05).Compared with open surgeries, laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer causes minimal surgical trauma and mild inflammatory responses to allow the recovery of the levels of the visceral proteins.

To investigate the effect of laparoscopic-assisted resection of rectal carcinoma on perioperative levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), immunoglobulins(Ig) and complements.Fifty-four patients with rectal carcinoma were divided into laparoscopic group (n=26) and open operation group(n=28) according to the patients' will. C-reactive protein (CRP), IgG, IgA, IgM, C(3), C(4) and CH(50) of peripheral blood were assayed preoperatively and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th day postoperatively.Compared with the preoperative period, the CRP levels in both groups were significantly increased on the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd day(P0.01) and peaked on the 2nd day postoperatively. The postoperative CRP levels were significantly lower in the laparoscopic group than those in the open operation group(P0.01). After operation, the immunoglobulin levels were significantly decreased in both groups(P0.01), and there were no significant differences in IgG and IgM. The levels of C(3), C(4) and CH(50) were significantly decreased after operation in both groups(P0.05) and returned to the preoperative levels during postoperative 48-72 hours in laparoscopic group.Laparoscopic-assisted resection of rectal carcinoma results in less wound, lower levels of stress response, and less effect on immune function compared to open surgery, which recovers the immune function of patients more rapidly after operation.

To investigate the relationship between micro-lymphatic vessel density (MLVD) and lymphatic metastasis in follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC).MLVD and micro-vascular density (MVD) were determined and counted by Envision immunohistochemistry using D2-40 and CD34 monoclonal antibodies in 35 specimens of follicular thyroid carcinoma(FTC)and 20 of nodular goiter. The relationship between MLVD and lymphatic metastasis was analyzed.MLVD and MVD in follicular thyroid carcinoma were closely related with lymphatic metastasis. At the same time, the cancer embolus in the micro-lymphatic vessel was significantly related with the lymphatic metastasis (P0.01).The metastasis process of follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) is associated with the formation of the micro-lymphatic vessel and micro-vascular. Inhibition of the lymphatics formation may be a potential therapeutic maneuver for thyroid neoplasms in the future.

To evaluate the clinical effect of intraoperative and early postoperative continuous hyperthermic pertioneal perfusion chemotherapy (CHPPC) for gastric cancer.Eight-five patients with gastric cancer were randomized into therapeutic group with perioperative CHPPC combined with intravenous chemotherapy (n=44) and control group with intravenous chemotherapy only (n=41). The postoperative complications, adverse effects, local recurrence rates, distant metastasis rates, and 1- and 3-year survival rates were compared between two groups.No significant differences were found in the postoperative complications and adverse effects between the two groups. The recurrence rate and distant metastasis rates in the therapeutic group were significantly lower than those in the control group (20.45% vs 43.90%, and 15.90% vs 39.02%, P0.05). The 1- and 3-year survival rates in the therapeutic group were significantly higher than those in the control group (90.90% vs 78.05%, and 59.09% vs 34.15%, P0.05).Perioperative CHPPC for gastric cancer is safe and feasible, and can reduce the recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate and improve the survival for gastric cancer patient after operation.

To explore the effect of the tri-cuff vascular anastomosis for simplifying the surgical procedure and improving the success rate.Sixty recipient Wistar rats were randomized into experimental group and the control group, the former was subjected to the tri-cuff vascular anastomosis for heterotopic small bowel transplantation while the latter had vascular anastomosis using classical methods. The effects of the two methods for anastomosis were compared.The tri-cuff vascular anastomosis was superior to the classical methods in view of the total operation time, arterial anastomosis time, and hot-ischemia time of the small bowel graft.Compared with the classical methods, the tri-cuff vascular anastomosis is safer and time-saving.

To investigate the angiogenesis in human colorectal carcinoma and its modulation by p53 and K-ras gene.The positive rate of p53 and K-ras gene mutation, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and microvessel density in 68 cancer tissue, peritumoral tissue samples and 20 normal controls were studied by PCR-SSCP and immunohistochemical methods.The positive rate of p53 and K-ras gene mutation and the expression of VEGF in cancer tissue (47.1%, 32/68; 44.1%, 30/68; 55.9%, 38/68) were significantly higher than in peritumoral tissue (13.2%, 9/68; 7.4%, 5/68; 11.8%, 8/68). p53, K-ras gene mutation and the expression of VEGF were not detected in 20 normal tissue. The expression of VEGF was closely related with the angiogenesis and metastasis of colorectal carcinoma (r = 0.820, P0.01). VEGF expression correlated with both p53 and K-ras gene mutation (P0.01).p53 and K-ras gene upregulated the expression of VEGF. p53 and K-ras gene might play an important role in modulating tumor angiogenesis.

To determine an adequate distal bowel length to be excised for safe surgical removal of rectal carcinoma.p53 expression and patterns of cancer cell invasion into the bowel wall distal to the tumors were studied in 68 surgically removed rectal carcinoma specimens with immunohistochemical and routine pathological methods respectively.In 52.9% (36/68) of the cases, cancer cell infiltration in the bowel was found microscopically, among which 32 (88.9%) had the infiltration confined within 2 cm from the primary tumors, with the rest cases within 3 cm. The scope of the distal infiltration of the cancer cells was correlated to the gross morphology, histological type and Dukes' stages of the primary tumors. Of the 16 cases (23.5%) positive for p53 expression in the distal bowel mucosa, 13 had p53 expression profile detected within 2 cm, all within 3 cm. The expression of p53 in the distal bowel mucosa was not correlated with the clinical and pathological features of the primary rectal carcinoma.Excision till the compromised bowel 3 cm distal to the tumor may ensure safe removal of rectal cancer.