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Elaeagnus angustifolia Linnaeus is a medicinal plant and its fruit has pharmacological activity such as antiinflammatory, antiedema, antinociceptive, and muscle relaxant functions, etc. Two acidic homogeneous polysaccharides (EAP-H-a1 and EAP-H-a2) were isolated from the fruits of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. through DEAE-52 and Sephadex G-75 column chromatography, and the physicochemical, structural properties, and biological activities of the polysaccharides were investigated. Both EAP-H-a1 and EAP-H-a2 were composed of Rha, Ara, Xyl, Glc, and Gal with the molar ratios of 13.7:20.5:23.3:8.8:33.4 and 24.8:19.7:8.2:8.4:38.6, respectively, and with the molecular weights of 705.796 kDa and 439.852 kDa, respectively. The results obtained from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the polysaccharide nature of the isolated substances. Congo red assay confirmed the existence of a triple-helix structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that EAP-H-a1 and EAP-H-a2 had irregular fibrous, filament-like surfaces; and both had crystalline and amorphous structures. Bioactivity analysis showed that the crude polysaccharide, EAP-H-a1, and EAP-H-a2 had clear DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity, and could promote the secretion of NO and the phagocytic activities of RAW 264.7 and THP cells, which showed clear antioxidant and immuno-regulatory activity. These results indicated that Elaeagnus angustifolia L fruit acidic polysaccharides may have potential value in the pharmaceutical and functional food industries.

[Objectives] This study aimed to investigate the effect of sowing rate, fertilizer amount and light on yield of Cichorium glandulosum Boiss.et Huet. [Methods]The Latin square design was adopted to investigate the effect of sowing rate + fertilizer amount, sowing rate +light on root and seed yield of C. glandulosum Boiss.et Huet. The changes in the seed and root yield of C. glandulosum Boiss. et Huet. under the influence of sowing rate,N application rate and light were compared and analyzed.[Results]In Moyu, Hotan and similar areas, the suitable sowing rate of C. glandulosum Boiss.et Huet. was 4.5-15.0 kg/ha. Without applying fertilizer, if the main purpose is to harvest the roots, the sowing rate of C. glandulosum Boiss.et Huet.is recommended to be 7.5-15.0 kg/ha; and if the main purpose is to harvest the seeds, the sowing rate is recommended to be 4.5-7.5 kg/ha. Shading will affect the root and seed yield. At the fertilizer amount of 450 kg/ha, the optimal sowing rate of C. glandulosum Boiss. et Huet.is 4.5 kg/ha.[Conclusions] This study provides a certain reference basis for artificial cultivation of C. glandulosum Boiss.et Huet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[ Objectives J This study aimed to investigate the effect of sowing rate, fertilizer amount and light on yield of Ciclwriwn glandul~ sum Boiss. et Huet. [Methods] The Latin square design was adopted to investigate the effect of sowing rate + fertilizer amount, sowing rate + light on root and seed yield of C. glandulosum Boiss. et Huet. The changes in the seed and root yield of C. glanduloswn Boiss. et Huet. under the influence of sowing rate, N application rate and light were compared and analyzed. [Results] In Moyn, Hotan and similar areas, the suitable sowing rate of C. glGJ1duloswn Boiss. et Huet. was 4. 5 - 15. 0 kg/ha. Without applying fertilizer, if the main purpose is to harvest the roots, the sowing rate of C. gl.anduwswn Boiss. et Huet. is recommended to be 7. 5 -15. 0 kg/ha; and if the main purpose is to harvest the seeds, the sowing rate is recommended to be 4. 5 - 7. 5 kg/ha. Shading will affect the root and seed yield. At the fertilizer amount of 4 50 kg/ha, the optimal sowing rate of C. glanduloswn Boiss. et Huet. is 4. 5 kg/ha. [Conclusions] This study provides a certain reference basis for artificial cultivation of C. glandulosum Boiss. et Huet [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the cultivation techniques and harvesting of Vernonia anthelmintica Willd. At present, the domestic cultivation of V. anthelmintica Willd has not formed a scale, characterized with low seed yield and high harvesting cost. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out research on the cultivation techniques and yield improvement of V. anthelmintica Willd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]