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5. Exploring mechanical properties of eco-friendly hybrid epoxy composites reinforced with sisal, hemp, and glass fibers

Author

Muhammad Huzaifa, Sadaf Zahoor, Naseem Akhtar, Muhammad Hasan Abdullah, Haider Sajjad, Khan Salah Uddin, and Alam Kamran

Subjects
Composites, Epoxy resin, Flexural strength, Glass-sisal-hemp fiber, Hybrid composites, Impact strength, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

It is now widely accepted that various subsets of hybrid fiber composites reinforced with combined natural and synthetic fibers can significantly expand the applicability of composite-based materials in design and technology practice. The already existing unnatural circumstances on the planet put natural fibers far ahead of traditions in the field of materials thanks to their biodegradability characteristics, availability and over-term endurance and corrosion resistance. At the same time, composites are rapidly taking their place in many industries and sectors of the economy as metals in as much as it is economically and energetically justified. This study evaluates the mechanical properties of hybrid composites reinforced with glass, hemp, and sisal fibers. Using a hand lay-up method with epoxy resin, composite laminates were fabricated and tested for tensile, flexural, impact strengths and hardness test in accordance with ASTM standards. The experimental results revealed that glass-sisal fiber composites achieved the highest tensile strength of 69.1 MPa, while glass-hemp-sisal fiber composites exhibited superior flexural strength of 15.22 MPa and impact strength of 137.45 kJ/m2 while best hardness value was 24.73 HV for glass-sisal fibre composite. These findings underscore the potential of glass-sisal-hemp fiber-reinforced epoxy composites as viable alternatives to traditional synthetic fiber-reinforced materials in automotive industry where there are no structural loadings i.e. automobile interiors; offering enhanced mechanical performance and sustainability.

Published
2024
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24. A review of 4D printing – Technologies, shape shifting, smart polymer based materials, and biomedical applications

Author

Ramisha Sajjad, Sohaib Tahir Chauhdary, Muhammad Tuoqeer Anwar, Ali Zahid, Azhar Abbas Khosa, Muhammad Imran, and Muhammad Haider Sajjad

Subjects
Additive manufacturing (AM), Three- and four-dimensional (3D & 4D) printing, Stimuli, Shape memory polymers (SMPs), Biomedical applications, Polymers and polymer manufacture, TP1080-1185, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract

Additive Manufacturing (AM) has been a noticeable technology and made significant progress since the late 1980s. Despite the tremendous growth, this technology is still facing numerous manufacturing challenges. AM of structures and smart materials such as shape memory polymers and alloys is one of the most actively researched areas in which printed objects can alter their properties and shape when exposed to a stimulus e.g., light, temperature, magnetic fields, pH, and humidity. The AM-build parts which can take advantage of these shape-changing features, lead to the growth of 4D printing by introducing time as a fourth dimension in AM processes. This new field originated in 2013, and since then, it has generated great interest due to its potential to build innovative, multi-functional, self-assembling, and self-repairing components with modifiable properties, shapes, and functionalities. This review article intends to examine the major developments of 4D printing in the biomedical field. The study will provide an overview of various 4D printing technologies including vat photo-polymerization, extrusion-based methods, and material jetting and their uses in the biomedical field. It focuses on smart materials like SMPs, LCEs, SMPAs, etc., and their applications in various industries e.g., mechanical, biomedical, aerospace, etc., and explores external stimuli such as moisture, temperature, pH, magnetic fields, and light. The article delves into the promising applications of 4D printing in biomedical fields such as drug delivery, orthopedics, medical devices, tissue engineering, and dentistry and analyzes the challenges associated with 4D printing in the biomedical field, and suggests the future directions including optimization of printing parameters, and exploration of novel materials to broaden its applications.

Published
2024
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34. Duckworth-Lewis-Stern Method Comparison with Machine Learning Approach

Author

Abbas, Kumail and Haider, Sajjad

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

This work presents an analysis of the Duckworth-Lewis-Stern (DLS) method for One Day International (ODI) cricket matches. The accuracy of the DLS method is compared against various supervised learning algorithms for result prediction. The result of a cricket match is predicted during the second inning. The paper also optimized DLS resource table which is used in the Duckworth-Lewis (D/L) formula to increase its predictive power. Finally, an Unpredictability Index is developed that ranks different cricket playing nations according to how unpredictable they are while playing an ODI match., Comment: The paper has been published in the conference of Frontiers of Information Technology 2019

Published
2021
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