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Distributed photovoltaic is a typical type of clean energy and has the characteristics of small investment and fast construction. Distributed photovoltaic power can address the power consumption problem in rural areas with energy shortage and industrial areas with high load densities. Building roofs are important carriers for distributed photovoltaic facilities and thus directly related to the construction potential of distributed photovoltaic. Therefore, monitoring and analyzing the spatial distribution of buildings in China has an important reference value for the planning and construction of distributed photovoltaic. In this research, we use 2 m-resolution satellite remote-sensing images as the data source and extract the building zones in China using the deep learning technology. The areas of building roofs in typical regions are calculated according to the proportion coefficients of these regions. Subsequently, we analyze the spatial characteristics of the building roofs in China and the distribution pattern for construction potentials of distributed photovoltaic. Based on this, we propose some suggestions for the construction path of distributed photovoltaic in different areas considering the spatial distribution of population. The research shows that the accuracy of building extraction by remote sensing was 81.63%, which can satisfy subsequent data analysis requirement. Approximately 1.4×104 km2 of building roofs in China have the potential to develop distributed photovoltaic. We suggest that distributed photovoltaic should be developed hierarchically following the principle of local power generation and local consumption. The provinces in China can be categorized into four echelons and the construction should start from the east part of China that is densely-populated and has great potentials for distributed photovoltaic development. Moreover, it is necessary to establish a nation-wide dynamic monitoring mechanism for distributed photovoltaic construction based on satellite remote sensing, thereby supporting the dynamic update of the distributed photovoltaic planning path.

The acceleration of urbanization in China makes people more concerned about the livability of urban environment. The concept of 15-minute living circle is gradually applied to land space planning to provide guidance for the construction of high-quality community to serve citizens. This paper used multi-source data of remote sensing imagery and POI to build Qingdao's urban convenience index from the perspectives of travel, shopping, health care, catering, entertainment, education and so on, so as to evaluate the livability of urban life. The results show that areas with higher convenience of living circle are located in the regions with flat terrain. The highest convenience degree distributes along the East and West Coast of Jiaozhou Bay, almost all of which were located in traditional old urban districts. The urban livability assessment from the perspective of convenience of 15-minute living circle can provide guidance for city and landscape planning.

Coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region is a national strategy of China, while the most import aspect among the strategy is transportation integration. By using GF-1, ZY-3 satellite data, this paper produced the latest traffic infrastructure dataset, constructed the evaluation system of transportation superiority degree through the technical indicators such as the distribution of transportation infrastructure, the density of traffic network, the influence degree of traffic trunk line, and the location superiority degree. The results show that the transportation superiority degree in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region presents a “bias normal” distribution characteristic. 14.8% of the county-level administrative units have outstanding transportation advantages, with better economic development. Near 9.4% of the county-level administrative units are at an obvious disadvantage in terms of traffic conditions, and about 75.7% units are at the middle or above the middle level of the evaluation samples. The results could be introduced to the transportation planning and supervision of this region.

Rapidly developing cities tend to expand outwards in a radial fashion, eventually merging to form agglomerations. As the connections between cities become close, the development space becomes increasingly saturated. It is essential to explore land-use change in urban development and formulate a reasonable development plan. In this study, the Pearl River Delta urban agglomeration was used as the research area. The future land-use distribution was simulated under three different scenarios, and their advantages and disadvantages were evaluated respectively with the Dyna-CLUE model. The results show that, through relevant policy restrictions, the development speed was slowed down to a certain extent. The types of land-use symbolizing ecology were slowly increasing, and the ecological environment has been improved to a certain extent. The ecological protection scenario optimized land-use distribution and effectively protected the environment, which is the more scientific and sustainable choice. The conclusions provided strong theoretical, technical and scientific support for the designation of urban development plans.

Unpaved roads play an important role in soil loss in small watersheds. In order to assess the impact of these unpaved roads in the Loess Plateau of China, runoff and sediment yields from road-related sources must be quantified. Field rainfall simulation experiments were conducted under three slope gradients and five rainfall intensities on unpaved loess roads in a small watershed. Results showed that the runoff generation was very fast in loess road surface (time to runoff 0·8). Soil loss rates were decreased as surface loose materials were washed away during a rainstorm. Rainfall intensity, initial soil moisture, and slope gradient are key factors to model surface runoff and sediment yield. Soil loss on loess road surface could be estimated by a linear function of stream power (R2 = 0·907). Four commonly interrill erosion models were evaluated and compared, and the interrill erodibility adopted in the Water Erosion Prediction Project model was determined as 1·34 × 106 (kg s m−4). A new equation taking into account different parameters like rainfall intensity, surface flow discharge, and slope gradient was established. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.