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330 results on '"Haines, Keith"'

1. Drivers and impacts of Eastern African rainfall variability

Author

Palmer, Paul I., Wainwright, Caroline M., Dong, Bo, Maidment, Ross I., Wheeler, Kevin G., Gedney, Nicola, Hickman, Jonathan E., Madani, Nima, Folwell, Sonja S., Abdo, Gamal, Allan, Richard P., Black, Emily C. L., Feng, Liang, Gudoshava, Masilin, Haines, Keith, Huntingford, Chris, Kilavi, Mary, Lunt, Mark F., Shaaban, Ahmed, and Turner, Andrew G.

Published
2023
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4. An assessment of ten ocean reanalyses in the polar regions

Author

Uotila, Petteri, Goosse, Hugues, Haines, Keith, Chevallier, Matthieu, Barthélemy, Antoine, Bricaud, Clément, Carton, Jim, Fučkar, Neven, Garric, Gilles, Iovino, Doroteaciro, Kauker, Frank, Korhonen, Meri, Lien, Vidar S., Marnela, Marika, Massonnet, François, Mignac, Davi, Peterson, K. Andrew, Sadikni, Remon, Shi, Li, Tietsche, Steffen, Toyoda, Takahiro, Xie, Jiping, and Zhang, Zhaoru

Published
2019
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12. Interannual-decadal variability of wintertime mixed layer depths in the North Pacific detected by an ensemble of ocean syntheses

Author

Toyoda, Takahiro, Fujii, Yosuke, Kuragano, Tsurane, Kosugi, Naohiro, Sasano, Daisuke, Kamachi, Masafumi, Ishikawa, Yoichi, Masuda, Shuhei, Sato, Kanako, Awaji, Toshiyuki, Hernandez, Fabrice, Ferry, Nicolas, Guinehut, Stéphanie, Martin, Matthew, Andrew Peterson, K., Good, Simon A., Valdivieso, Maria, Haines, Keith, Storto, Andrea, Masina, Simona, Köhl, Armin, Yin, Yonghong, Shi, Li, Alves, Oscar, Smith, Gregory, Chang, You-Soon, Vernieres, Guillaume, Wang, Xiaochun, Forget, Gael, Heimbach, Patrick, Wang, Ou, Fukumori, Ichiro, Lee, Tong, Zuo, Hao, and Balmaseda, Magdalena

Published
2017
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13. Intercomparison and validation of the mixed layer depth fields of global ocean syntheses

Author

Toyoda, Takahiro, Fujii, Yosuke, Kuragano, Tsurane, Kamachi, Masafumi, Ishikawa, Yoichi, Masuda, Shuhei, Sato, Kanako, Awaji, Toshiyuki, Hernandez, Fabrice, Ferry, Nicolas, Guinehut, Stéphanie, Martin, Matthew J., Peterson, K. Andrew, Good, Simon A., Valdivieso, Maria, Haines, Keith, Storto, Andrea, Masina, Simona, Köhl, Armin, Zuo, Hao, Balmaseda, Magdalena, Yin, Yonghong, Shi, Li, Alves, Oscar, Smith, Gregory, Chang, You-Soon, Vernieres, Guillaume, Wang, Xiaochun, Forget, Gael, Heimbach, Patrick, Wang, Ou, Fukumori, Ichiro, and Lee, Tong

Published
2017
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15. Intercomparison of the Arctic sea ice cover in global ocean–sea ice reanalyses from the ORA-IP project

Author

Chevallier, Matthieu, Smith, Gregory C., Dupont, Frédéric, Lemieux, Jean-François, Forget, Gael, Fujii, Yosuke, Hernandez, Fabrice, Msadek, Rym, Peterson, K. Andrew, Storto, Andrea, Toyoda, Takahiro, Valdivieso, Maria, Vernieres, Guillaume, Zuo, Hao, Balmaseda, Magdalena, Chang, You-Soon, Ferry, Nicolas, Garric, Gilles, Haines, Keith, Keeley, Sarah, Kovach, Robin M., Kuragano, Tsurane, Masina, Simona, Tang, Yongming, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, and Wang, Xiaochun

Published
2017
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16. Steric sea level variability (1993–2010) in an ensemble of ocean reanalyses and objective analyses

Author

Storto, Andrea, Masina, Simona, Balmaseda, Magdalena, Guinehut, Stéphanie, Xue, Yan, Szekely, Tanguy, Fukumori, Ichiro, Forget, Gael, Chang, You-Soon, Good, Simon A., Köhl, Armin, Vernieres, Guillaume, Ferry, Nicolas, Peterson, K. Andrew, Behringer, David, Ishii, Masayoshi, Masuda, Shuhei, Fujii, Yosuke, Toyoda, Takahiro, Yin, Yonghong, Valdivieso, Maria, Barnier, Bernard, Boyer, Tim, Lee, Tony, Gourrion, Jérome, Wang, Ou, Heimback, Patrick, Rosati, Anthony, Kovach, Robin, Hernandez, Fabrice, Martin, Matthew J., Kamachi, Masafumi, Kuragano, Tsurane, Mogensen, Kristian, Alves, Oscar, Haines, Keith, and Wang, Xiaochun

Published
2017
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17. An assessment of air–sea heat fluxes from ocean and coupled reanalyses

Author

Valdivieso, Maria, Haines, Keith, Balmaseda, Magdalena, Chang, You-Soon, Drevillon, Marie, Ferry, Nicolas, Fujii, Yosuke, Köhl, Armin, Storto, Andrea, Toyoda, Takahiro, Wang, Xiaochun, Waters, Jennifer, Xue, Yan, Yin, Yonghong, Barnier, Bernard, Hernandez, Fabrice, Kumar, Arun, Lee, Tong, Masina, Simona, and Andrew Peterson, K.

Published
2017
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20. Combining altimetric/gravimetric and ocean model mean dynamic topography models in the GOCINA region

Author

Knudsen, Per, Andersen, Ole B., Forsberg, René, Föh, Henning P., Olesen, Arne V., Vest, Anne L., Solheim, Dag, Omang, Ove D., Hipkin, Roger, Hunegnaw, Addisu, Haines, Keith, Bingham, Rory, Drecourt, Jean-Philippe, Johannessen, Johnny A., Drange, Helge, Siegismund, Frank, Hernandez, Fabrice, Larnicol, Gilles, Rio, Marie-Helene, Schaeffer, Philippe, Sansò, Fernando, editor, Tregoning, Paul, editor, and Rizos, Chris, editor

Published
2007
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21. Simplified Kalman smoother and ensemble Kalman smoother for improving reanalyses.

Author

Dong, Bo, Bannister, Ross, Chen, Yumeng, Fowler, Alison, and Haines, Keith

Subjects
KALMAN filtering, STANDARD deviations
Abstract

The paper presents a simplification of the Kalman smoother that can be run as a post-processing step using only minimal stored information from a Kalman filter analysis, which is intended for use with large model products such as the reanalyses of the Earth system. A simple decay assumption is applied to cross-time error covariances, and we show how the resulting equations relate formally to the fixed-lag Kalman smoother and how they can be solved to give a smoother analysis along with an uncertainty estimate. The method is demonstrated in the idealised system which is applied to both an extended and ensemble Kalman filter and smoother. In each case, the root mean square errors (RMSEs) against the truth, for both assimilated and unassimilated (independent) data, of the new smoother analyses are substantially smaller than for the original filter analyses, while being larger than for the full smoother solution. Up to 70 % (40 %) of the full smoother error reduction, with respect to the extended (ensemble) filters, respectively, is achieved. The uncertainties derived for the new smoother also agree remarkably well with the actual RMSE values throughout the assimilation period. The ability to run this smoother very efficiently as a post-processor should allow it to be useful for really large model reanalysis products and especially for ensemble products that are already being developed by various operational centres. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. Variability and Feedbacks in the Atlantic Freshwater Budget of CMIP5 Models With Reference to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation Stability

Author

Haines, Keith, Ferreira, David, and Mignac, Davi

Subjects
Global and Planetary Change, Ocean Engineering, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

It has been suggested that freshwater transports by the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in the South Atlantic may be a useful metric for determining the stability of the AMOC because it can lead to feedbacks onto North Atlantic salinities and hence deep water formation. In this manuscript we investigate feedbacks between South Atlantic Freshwater transports, Freshwater content and AMOC transport contributions across different Atlantic latitudes, and at different timescales in centennial runs of 10 CMIP5 climate models, with both northward and southward AMOC freshwater transports in the South Atlantic. In all models, salinity variations are more important than AMOC variations in determining South Atlantic freshwater transports, especially on longer timescales >10 years. Only in the North Atlantic do AMOC variations become important in changing the meridional freshwater transports, which might then lead to feedbacks with stability implications. Closed budgets of Freshwater content show that South Atlantic transports only influence local freshwater budgets (within ∼10° latitude) and that variations in horizontal transports by the South Atlantic gyre always dominate the overturning transports in all models and timescales. These results suggest that South Atlantic freshwater transports by the AMOC is highly unlikely to be a useful metric in determining AMOC stability as meridional freshwater transports are much less meridionally coherent than the AMOC circulation itself in all 10 CMIP5 models studied.

Published
2022

34. Modelling the Global Coastal Ocean

Author

Holt, Jason, Harle, James, Proctor, Roger, Michel, Sylvain, Ashworth, Mike, Batstone, Crispian, Allen, Icarus, Holmes, Robert, Smyth, Tim, Haines, Keith, Bretherton, Dan, and Smith, Gregory

Published
2009
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42. Water and Energy budgets over hydrological basins on short and long timescales.

Author

Petch, Samantha, Bo Dong, Quaife, Tristan, King, Rob, and Haines, Keith

Abstract

Quantifying regional water and energy fluxes much more accurately from observations is essential for improving climate and earth system models, and their ability to simulate future change. This study uses satellite observations to produce monthly flux estimates for each component of the terrestrial water and energy budget over selected large river basins from 2002 to 2013. Prior to optimisation the water budget residuals vary between 1.5 % and 35 % of precipitation by basin, and the imbalance between the net radiation and the corresponding turbulent heat fluxes ranges between ± 10 Wm−2 in the long term average. In order to further assess these imbalances, a flux-inferred surface storage (FIS) is used for both water and energy, based on integrating the flux observations. This exposes mismatches in seasonal water storage as well as important interannual variability. Our optimisation ensures the flux estimates are consistent with total water storage changes from GRACE on short (monthly) and longer timescales, while also balancing a coupled long term energy budget, by using a sequential approach. All the flux adjustments made during the optimisation are small and within uncertainty estimates using a χ² test, and interannual variability from observations is retained. The optimisation also reduces formal uncertainties on individual flux components. When compared with results from previous literature in basins such as the Mississippi, Congo and Huang He River, the FIS metrics show the better agreement with GRACE variability and trends in each case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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46. Erratum to: Intercomparison of the Arctic sea ice cover in global ocean–sea ice reanalyses from the ORA-IP project

Author

Chevallier, Matthieu, Smith, Gregory C., Dupont, Frédéric, Lemieux, Jean-François, Forget, Gael, Fujii, Yosuke, Hernandez, Fabrice, Msadek, Rym, Peterson, K. Andrew, Storto, Andrea, Toyoda, Takahiro, Valdivieso, Maria, Vernieres, Guillaume, Zuo, Hao, Balmaseda, Magdalena, Chang, You-Soon, Ferry, Nicolas, Garric, Gilles, Haines, Keith, Keeley, Sarah, Kovach, Robin M., Kuragano, Tsurane, Masina, Simona, Tang, Yongming, Tsujino, Hiroyuki, and Wang, Xiaochun

Published
2017
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47. A packed launch: a deferential age

Author

Haines, Keith

Subjects
Harland and Wolff PLC -- History, Titanic (Ship), Shipbuilding industry -- History, Literature/writing
Abstract

RMS Titanic was rescued from nearly half a century of embarrassment and obscurity by Belfast-born film-maker William MacQuitty, a witness to the vessel's launch, in A Night to Remember (1958). [...]

Published
2014

48. The mean state and variability of the North Atlantic circulation: a perspective from ocean reanalyses

Author

Jackson, Laura, Dubois, Clotilde, Forget, Gael, Haines, Keith, Harrison, Matthew, Iovino, Doroteaciro, Toyoda, Takahiro, Kohl, Armin, Mignac, Davi, Masina, Simona, Peterson, K. Andrew, Piecuch, Christopher G., Roberts, Chris, Robson, Jon, Storto, Andrea, Valdivieso, Maria, Wilson, Christopher G., Wang, Yiguo, Zuo, Hao, Jackson, Laura, Dubois, Clotilde, Forget, Gael, Haines, Keith, Harrison, Matthew, Iovino, Doroteaciro, Toyoda, Takahiro, Kohl, Armin, Mignac, Davi, Masina, Simona, Peterson, K. Andrew, Piecuch, Christopher G., Roberts, Chris, Robson, Jon, Storto, Andrea, Valdivieso, Maria, Wilson, Christopher G., Wang, Yiguo, and Zuo, Hao

Abstract

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2019. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans 124, (2019): 9141-9170, doi: 10.1029/2019JC015210., The observational network around the North Atlantic has improved significantly over the last few decades with subsurface profiling floats and satellite observations and the recent efforts to monitor the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). These have shown decadal time scale changes across the North Atlantic including in heat content, heat transport, and the circulation. However, there are still significant gaps in the observational coverage. Ocean reanalyses integrate the observations with a dynamically consistent ocean model and can be used to understand the observed changes. However, the ability of the reanalyses to represent the dynamics must also be assessed. We use an ensemble of global ocean reanalyses to examine the time mean state and interannual‐decadal variability of the North Atlantic ocean since 1993. We assess how well the reanalyses are able to capture processes and whether any understanding can be gained. In particular, we examine aspects of the circulation including convection, AMOC and gyre strengths, and transports. We find that reanalyses show some consistency, in particular showing a weakening of the subpolar gyre and AMOC at 50°N from the mid‐1990s until at least 2009 (related to decadal variability in previous studies), a strengthening and then weakening of the AMOC at 26.5°N since 2000, and impacts of circulation changes on transports. These results agree with model studies and the AMOC observations at 26.5°N since 2005. We also see less spread across the ensemble in AMOC strength and mixed layer depth, suggesting improvements as the observational coverage has improved., This work was initiated through the EU COST‐EOS‐1402 project which supported the development of this paper by funding project meetings, both in person and virtual. We would like to thank Aida Azcarate for organizing the funding for the meetings and would like to thank Martha Buckley, Gokhan Danabasoglu, and Simon Josey for useful discussions. Jackson, Storto and Zuo were partially funded, by the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS: 23‐GLO‐RAN) and Zuo was partially funded by the Copernicus Climate Change Service. Jackson was also partially funded by the joint UK BEIS/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101). Haines and Robson acknowledge funding under the NERC RAPID projects RAMOC and DYNAMOC (NE/M005127/1) respectively, and Robson also acknowledges funding from the ACSIS project. Mignac was supported for PhD scholarship by the CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil (Proc. BEX 1386/15‐8). Forget acknowledges support from the Simons Foundation (549931) and the NASA IDS program (6937342). Work by Piecuch was carried out under the ECCO project, funded by the NASA Physical Oceanography, Cryospheric Science, and Modeling, Analysis and Prediction programs, and supported by the Independent Research and Development Program at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Wilson was funded by the NERC UK‐OSNAP project (NE/K010875.1) as part of the international OSNAP program. NorCPM‐v1 reanalysis was cofunded by the Center for Climate Dynamics at the Bjerknes Center, the Norwegian Research Council under the EPOCASA (229774/E10) and SFE (270733) research projects, the NordForsk under the Nordic Centre of Excellence (ARCPATH, 76654), and the Trond Mohn Foundation under the project BFS2018TMT01. NorCPM‐v1 reanalysis received a grant for computer time from the Norwegian Program for supercomputer (NOTUR2, project NN9039K) and a storage grant (NORSTORE, NS9039K). Data for the figures are available to download (from https://doi.org/10.5281/z, 2020-05-06

Published
2020

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