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9 results on '"Hajek, Andr"'

4. Loneliness and Social Isolation in Old Age

Author

Hajek, André, Riedel-Heller, Steffi G., and König, Hans-Helmut

Subjects
Gerontology, Older adults, Social exclusion, Social frailty, Psychology
Abstract

This book is a seminal guide to loneliness and social isolation in old age, providing a comprehensive overview of the important correlates of socioeconomic, health and lifestyle factors upon loneliness and social isolation in old age. Bringing together contributions from leading authorities, the book showcases expertise from, among other things, medicine, psychology, epidemiology, sociology, economics and gerontology. It shows the importance of identifying factors associated with loneliness and social isolation among older adults from a broader perspective, and includes discussion of a range of topics including income poverty, physical activity, family care and frailty. The chapters are evidence-based and offer a mix of empirical studies as well as reviews of international research. The book also discusses policy implications and provides an overview of nationally representative cohort studies around the world available to researchers quantifying loneliness or social isolation. This book is unique in examining loneliness and social isolation from such wide-ranging perspectives and will be essential reading for researchers and postgraduate students in the areas of e.g., mental health research, social work, and psychiatry. Health professionals involved with gerontology and geriatrics will also find this book of benefit. With the exception of Chapter 17, the Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons (CC-BY) 4.0 license.

Published
2023
Full Text
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5. Predictors of frailty in old age-results of a longitudinal study

Author

Hajek, Andr, Brettschneider, C., Posselt, T., Lange, C., Mamone, S., Wiese, B., Weyerer, S., Werle, J., Fuchs, A., Pentzek, M., Stein, J., Luck, T., Bickel, H., Mosch, E., Heser, K., Jessen, F., Maier, W., Scherer, M., Riedel-Heller, S. G., Konig, H. -H., Hajek, Andr, Brettschneider, C., Posselt, T., Lange, C., Mamone, S., Wiese, B., Weyerer, S., Werle, J., Fuchs, A., Pentzek, M., Stein, J., Luck, T., Bickel, H., Mosch, E., Heser, K., Jessen, F., Maier, W., Scherer, M., Riedel-Heller, S. G., and Konig, H. -H.

Abstract

To investigate time-dependent predictors of frailty in old age longitudinally. Population-based prospective cohort study. Elderly individuals were recruited via GP offices at six study centers in Germany. The course of frailty was observed over 1.5 years (follow up wave 4 and follow up wave 5). 1,602 individuals aged 80 years and older (mean age 85.4 years SD 3.2, with mean CSHA CFS 3.5 SD 1.6) at follow up wave 4. Frailty was assessed by using the Canadian Study of Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale (CSHA CFS), ranging from 1 (very fit) to 7 (severely frail). Fixed effects regressions revealed that frailty increased significantly with increasing age (=.2) as well as the occurrence of depression (=.5) and dementia (=.8) in the total sample. Changes in marital status and comorbidity did not affect frailty. While the effects of depression and dementia were significant in women, these effects did not achieve statistical significance in men. Our findings highlight the role of aging as well as the occurrence of dementia and depression for frailty. Specifically, in order to delay frailty in old age, developing interventional strategies to prevent depression might be a fruitful approach.

Published
2016

9. Mapping the Beck Depression Inventory to the EQ-5D-3L in Patients with Depressive Disorders.

Author

Grochtdreis T, Brettschneider C, Hajek A, Schierz K, Hoyer J, and Koenig HH

Subjects
Algorithms, Cost-Benefit Analysis, Humans, Models, Statistical, Depressive Disorder diagnosis, Depressive Disorder economics, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales statistics & numerical data
Abstract

Background: For cost-utility analyses, data on health state utilities, as provided by the EQ-5D-3L, is needed but not always available. This study specified mapping algorithms from the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) index to the EQ-5D-3L index adjusted for specific socio-demographic variables for patients with depressive disorders., Aims of the Study: The objective of this study was to specify mapping algorithms from the BDI index to the preference-based EQ-5D index for patients with depressive disorders, adjusting for specific socio-demographic variables., Methods: A sample of 1,074 consecutive patients with depressive disorders from a psychotherapeutic outpatient clinic was included in the study. Standardized clinical interviews were applied to establish reliable diagnoses. For the prediction of the EQ-5D-3L index from the BDI index and selected patient socio-demographic characteristics, ordinary least squares regression with robust standard errors was used. Model prediction properties were tested using the root mean squared error and repeated random sub-sampling cross-validation., Results: The BDI index predicted the EQ-5D-3L index with a significant proportion of variance explained. The highest model goodness of fit was estimated for models with the BDI index and age as independent variables. The root mean squared error of the predicted EQ-5D-3L index in the validation samples was 0.23 for all models., Discussion: The mean observed EQ-5D-3L index values and the mean predicted EQ-5D-3L index values seemed not to differ between models. However, a reduction of variability using cross-validation led to those (rather) accurate mean predicted values. One limitation of this study was the restricted generalizability. Moreover, some uncertainty was introduced in model predictive performance by usage of a dependent estimation sample for validation., Implications for Further Research: The specified mapping algorithms from the BDI index to the EQ-5D-3L index for patients with depressive disorders are acceptable as approximation in cost-utility analyses. A further validation in independent samples is necessary to obtain more confidence in their performance.

Published
2016

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