8 results on '"Halothane -- Chemical properties"'
Search Results
2. Revisiting lipid--general anesthetic interactions (I): thinned domain formation in supported planar bilayers induced by halothane and ethanol
- Author
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Leonenko, Zoya V. and Cramb, David T.
- Subjects
Anesthesia -- Research ,Atomic force microscopy -- Research ,Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Alcohol -- Chemical properties ,Alcohol, Denatured -- Chemical properties - Abstract
A long-standing question in anesthesia is that of the molecular mechanism. Do anesthetics target proteins or change membrane properties or both? We used temperature-dependent magnetic A/C mode atomic force microscopy (AFM) to study interaction of the volatile anesthetics halothane and ethanol with model membranes made from supported planar bilayers (SPBs) of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), dioleoyltrimethylammonium propane (DOTAP), or 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). We found that the incorporation of halothane or ethanol induces structural changes in the bilayer. These compounds cause thickness reduction in [L.sub.[alpha]] bilayers (either globally or in domains) and the formation of domains with reduced thickness in [L.sub.[beta]] phase bilayers. We propose that an anesthetic-induced increased area per lipid drives local chain disorder, thus promoting local phase change. The characteristics of SPBs with halothane or ethanol incorporated were compared with characteristics of the [L.sub.[alpha]] and [L.sub.[beta]] phases of anesthetic-free SPBs. Key words: atomic force microscopy, anesthesia, lipid bilayer domains, phase transition Le mecanisme moleculaire de l'anesthesie n'a toujours pas ete resolu. On se demande encore est-ce que les produits anesthesiques s'attaquent anx proteines ou s'ils changent les proprietes des membranes ou agissent-ils sur les deux fronts. On a fait appel a la microscopie de forces atomiques (MFA) en mode A/C magnetique et dependante de la temperature pour etudier l'interaction d'anesthesiques volatiles, tels l'halothane et l'ethanol, avec des membranes modeles faites a partir de bicouches planaires supportees (BPS) de 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC), de dioleoyltrimethylammonium propane (DOTAP) ou de 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). On a observe que l'incorporation d'halothane ou d'ethanol induit des changements structuraux dans la bicouche. Ces composes provoquent une reduction de l'epaisseur des bicouches [L.sub.[alpha]] (globalement ou dans les domaines) accompagnee de la formation de domaines comportant des epaisseurs reduites dans les bicouches de la phase [L.sub.[beta]]. On suggere qu'une surface par lipide accrue, induite par l'anesthesique, provoque un desordre de cha'/ne local qui induit un changement de phase local. On a compare les caracteristiques des BPS dans lesquelles on a incorpore de l'halothane ou de l'ethanol avec les caracteristiques des phases [L.sub.[alpha]] et [L.sub.[beta]] de BPS ne contenant pas d'anesthesique. Mots cles : microscopie de forces atomiques, anesthesie, domaines de bicouches lipidiques, transition de phase. [Traduit par la Redaction]
- Published
- 2004
3. Revisiting lipid--general anesthetic interactions (II): halothane location and changes in lipid bilayer microenvironment monitored by fluorescence
- Author
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Carnini, Anna, Phillips, Heather A., Shamrakov, Leanne G., and Cramb, David T.
- Subjects
Liposomes -- Research ,Halothane -- Chemical properties - Abstract
A universal mechanism for the action of general anesthetics (GA) is not yet available. In this study, we investigated the interaction between halothane and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) bilayers labeled with Laurdan, Prodan, and NBD-[C.sub.6]-PC as the reporter probes using steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy. We have evidence that halothane is located on the acyl chain side, near the headgroup region of the bilayer. Additionally, we find that halothane may be inhomogeneously distributed within DOPC and DPPC bilayers. We also show data that indicate halothane increases the free volume available to fluorescent probes. Differential scanning calorimetry and UV scanning calorimetry experiments were implemented to further observe the effects of halothane addition to the DPPC lipid bilayer. A significant shift of the phase-transition temperature of the DPPC system was observed. Our findings suggest that general anesthetic--lipid bilayer interactions may play a significant role in the overall mechanism of anesthetic action, and these effects should not be ignored when interactions between membrane proteins and anesthetics are considered. Key words: liposomes, anesthesia, fluorescence, phase transition, phospholipid bilayers. On ne connait pas encore de mecanisme universel d'action pour l'action des anesthesiques generaux (AG). Dans cette etude, faisant appel a la spectroscopie de fluorescence en etat stationnaire, on a etudie l'interaction de l'halothane et de bicouches de 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) et de 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-3-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) marquees avec du Laurdan, du Prodan et du NBD-[C.sub.6]-PC comme sondes. On a obtenu des resultats qui suggerent que l'halothane se situe sur la chaine acyle laterale, pres de la region du groupe de tete de la bicouche. De plus, on a trouve que l'halothane n'est peut etre pas distribue de facon homogene dans les bicouches de DOPC ou de DPPC. On presente aussi des donnees qui suggerent que l'halothane augmente le volume libre pour les sondes fluorescentes. Des experiences d'analyse calorimetrique differentielle et de calorimetrie a balayage UV ont ete realisees pour mieux observer les effets de l'addition de l'halothane a la bicouche de lipide DPPC. On a observe un deplacement notable de la temperature de transition du systeme DPPC. Nos observations suggerent que les interactions entre une bicouche de lipide et un anesthesique general peuvent jouer un role significatif dans le mecanisme global de l'action anesthesique et que ces effets ne devraient pas etre ignores lorsqu'on considere les interactions entre la proteine de la membrane et les anesthesiques. Mots cles : liposomes, anesthesie, fluorescence, transition de phase, bicouches de phospholipides. [Traduit par la Redaction]
- Published
- 2004
4. Functional and molecular characterization of nitric oxide synthase in the endometrium and myometrium of pregnant sheep during the last third of gestation
- Author
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Massmann, G.Angela, Zhang, Jie, and Figueroa, Jorge P.
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Pregnant women -- Chemical properties ,Pregnant women -- Analysis ,Arginase -- Chemical properties ,Arginase -- Analysis ,Arginine -- Chemical properties ,Arginine -- Analysis ,Niacinamide -- Chemical properties ,Niacinamide -- Analysis ,Enzyme inhibitors -- Chemical properties ,Enzyme inhibitors -- Analysis ,Adenine -- Chemical properties ,Adenine -- Analysis ,Ornithine decarboxylase -- Chemical properties ,Ornithine decarboxylase -- Analysis ,Nitric oxide -- Chemical properties ,Nitric oxide -- Analysis ,Ribonuclease -- Chemical properties ,Ribonuclease -- Analysis ,Messenger RNA -- Chemical properties ,Messenger RNA -- Analysis ,Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Halothane -- Analysis ,Pregnancy -- Chemical properties ,Pregnancy -- Analysis ,Sheep -- Chemical properties ,Sheep -- Analysis ,Health - Abstract
Byline: G.Angela Massmann, Jie Zhang, Jorge P. Figueroa Keywords: Arginase; nitric oxide synthase; ornithine decarboxylase; pregnancy; sheep; uterus Abstract: Objective: This study was undertaken to characterize the biochemical and expression profiles of the nitric oxide synthase isoforms present in the sheep uterus during late gestation. Study Design: Myometrium and endometrium were obtained from 28 time-mated pregnant sheep that were under halothane general anesthesia. Tissues were kept frozen at -80[degrees]C until they were homogenized for the measurement of (1) nitric oxide synthase activity according to the carbon 14-labeled arginine-citrulline conversion assay, (2) nitric oxide synthase protein mass according to Western blot analysis, and (3) nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid according to the ribonuclease protection assay. The nitric oxide synthase activity assay included 8 parallel treatments for biochemical characterization, in particular with the arginase inhibitors ornithine and (+)-S-2-amino-5-iodoacetamidopentanoic acid. Results: The biochemical characterization of nitric oxide synthase indicated that the predominant form of nitric oxide synthase in endometrium and myometrium (80%-90%) was calcium-calmodulin dependent. In endometrium 50% of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent arginine metabolism was accounted for by the presence of alternative arginine metabolic pathways. Expressions of type 1 and type 3 nitric oxide synthase were demonstrated in endometrium and myometrium by Western blot and ribonuclease protection assay. Although no significant decrease in nitric oxide synthase activity or protein mass was observed, a significant decrease in myometrial type 1 nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid occurred in sheep not in labor at 140 days' gestation (P < .05 by analysis of variance; term is 144 [+ or -] 5 days). Conclusion: In the gravid sheep uterus the predominant nitric oxide synthase isoforms are type 1 in myometrium and type 3 in endometrium. Despite a decrease in type 1 nitric oxide synthase messenger ribonucleic acid, enzymatic activity and type 1 nitric oxide synthase protein mass do not decrease before parturition. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 1999;181:116-25.) Author Affiliation: Winston-Salem, North Carolina From the Perinatal Research Laboratory, Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology.sup.a and Physiology and Pharmacology,.sup.b Wake Forest University School of Medicine Article History: Received 21 September 1998; Revised 9 November 1998; Accepted 9 February 1999 Article Note: (footnote) [star] Supported by National Institutes of Health grant HD-32542., [star][star] Reprint requests: Jorge P. Figueroa MD, PhD, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157., a 0002-9378/99 $8.00 + 0 6/1/97797
- Published
- 1999
5. Unresponsive correlated motion in [alpha]7 nAChR to halothane binding explains its functional insensitivity to volatile anesthetics
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Mowrey, David, Haddadian, Esmael J., Lu Tian Liu, Willenbring, Dan, Yan Xu, and Pei Tang
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Anesthetics -- Chemical properties ,Binding energy -- Evaluation ,Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Molecular dynamics -- Usage ,Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries - Published
- 2010
6. Higher susceptibility to halothane modulation in open- than in closed-channel [alpha]4[beta]2 nAChR revealed by molecular dynamics simulations
- Author
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Lu Tian Liu, Haddadian, Esmael J., Willenbring, Dan, Yan Xu, and Pei Tang
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Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Molecular dynamics -- Usage ,Nicotinic receptors -- Chemical properties ,Nicotinic receptors -- Structure ,Protein binding -- Analysis ,Chemicals, plastics and rubber industries - Published
- 2010
7. Lipid-dependent effects of halothane on gramicidin channel kinetics: a new role for lipid packing stress
- Author
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Weinrich, Michael, Rostovtseva, Tatiana K., and Bezrukov, Sergey M.
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Hydrophobic effect -- Analysis ,Gramicidins -- Chemical properties ,Gramicidins -- Structure ,Halothane -- Structure ,Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Biological sciences ,Chemistry - Published
- 2009
8. Investigators at University of Pennsylvania have published new data on proteomics
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Universities and colleges -- Reports ,Universities and colleges -- Chemical properties ,Peptides -- Reports ,Peptides -- Chemical properties ,Halothane -- Reports ,Halothane -- Chemical properties ,Drugs -- Reports ,Drugs -- Chemical properties ,Biotechnology industry ,Pharmaceuticals and cosmetics industries ,University of Pennsylvania -- Reports - Abstract
According to a study from the United States, 'We previously reported the synthesis and structural characterization of a model membrane protein comprised of an amphiphilic 4-helix bundle peptide with a [...]
- Published
- 2009
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