Search

In accordance with the provisions of the 2004 Arizona Water Settlement Act, the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) assisted the San Carlos Irrigation and Drainage District (SCIDD) in the preparation of an environmental assessment (EA) prior to the rehabilitation of portions of the San Carlos Irrigation Project, a Bureau of Indian Affairs water delivery system that serves both the Gila River Indian Community and SCIDD. The project area extends along the current and realigned portions of the Florence Canal, from the sediment basin just south of the Ashurst-Hayden Diversion Dam to Picacho Reservoir. In order to comply with stipulations set forth in the EA, all historic properties within the expanded APE must be mitigated prior to construction. At the request of PXAO, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. prepared a historic property treatment plan (treatment plan) to conduct Phase 2 data recovery at AZ U:15:676(ASM), eligibility testing at AZ U:15:861(ASM), Phase 1 data recovery for the new and previously uninvestigated portions of the canal alignment at AZ U:15:124(ASM) and AZ U:15:663(ASM), and Phase 2 data recovery based on previous excavations within the revised APE at AZ U:15:663(ASM). This final report presents the results of these cultural resources investigations.

n accordance with the provisions of the 2004 Arizona Water Settlement Act, the Bureau of Reclamation, Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) assisted the San Carlos Irrigation and Drainage District (SCIDD) in the preparation of an environmental assessment (EA) prior to the rehabilitation of portions of the San Carlos Irrigation Project, a Bureau of Indian Affairs water delivery system that serves both the Gila River Indian Community and SCIDD. The project area extends along the current and realigned portions of the Florence Canal, from the sediment basin just south of the Ashurst-Hayden Diversion Dam to Picacho Reservoir. In order to comply with stipulations set forth in the EA, all historic properties within the expanded APE must be mitigated prior to construction. At the request of PXAO, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. prepared a historic property treatment plan (treatment plan) to conduct Phase 2 data recovery at AZ U:15:676(ASM), eligibility testing at AZ U:15:861(ASM), Phase 1 data recovery for the new and previously uninvestigated portions of the canal alignment at AZ U:15:124(ASM) and AZ U:15:663(ASM), and Phase 2 data recovery based on previous excavations within the revised APE at AZ U:15:663(ASM). This document contains the contact sheets (photos) and photo log associated with these cultural resources investigations.

SRP Water Rights and Contracts requested that Biological and Cultural Resources (BCRS) inspect a portion of the McMillan Property, in Camp Verde, Yavapai County, to determine if any cultural resources are present and would be impacted by proposed vegetation management aimed at reducing wildfire risks. BCRS staff Daniel Garcia and Nina Grimaldi conducted the inspection on January 13, 2022. As a result of the survey, one archaeological site (McMillan-1, believed to be NA3528 or the Verde Ballcourt Site), one historic in-use structure (the 1871 Woods Ditch), one isolated feature, and one isolated artifact were identified. BCRS recommends that McMillan-1, an Arizona and National Register-eligible archaeological site subject to A.R.S. § 41-841 et seq, be thoroughly documented by a cultural resource consultant, registered with the Arizona State Museum, avoided by all ground-disturbing activity including driving, mechanical vegetation removal, fence repairs, or excavations of any kind, and that SRP not sell or lease this portion of the property for development. The other identified cultural resources are unlikely to be impacted by this project, and no additional consideration of them is necessary.

This dissertation establishes a new timeframe for Indigenous participation in world-system expansion in southern Ontario, Canada ca. AD 1550–1650, by investigating how and when people living in three different Indigenous Nations in southern Ontario engaged with the expanding European world-system. This will be accomplished by: 1- Establishing an absolute timeframe for the initiation and development of Indigenous-European interaction through Bayesian chronological modeling of high-precision AMS radiocarbon dates from archaeological sites occupied by the Wendat, Tionontate, and Attiwandaron Nations in southern Ontario ca. AD 1550–1650; and 2- investigating both the local and regional spatial distribution of trade goods of European manufacture in these Nations through diversity and evenness analysis of assemblages from Iroquoian sites in southern Ontario AD 1550–1650. Results support the hypothesis that Indigenous people living within different site relocation clusters and different Nations engaged in world-system expansion at different times and in different ways. In particular, Tionontate and Wendat groups at the Western and eastern ends of Lake Ontario, respectively, were involved in the fur trade by the mid-sixteenth century, but with evidence suggesting that Pretty-Mad River Tionontate played a supplier role, while Trent Valley Wendat may have acted as intermediaries. Broadly, this research contributes to debates surrounding the historical development of world-systems, including the degree to which Indigenous agency and differing concepts of value impact the tempo of social change and continuity during the process of colonialism.

The Scott Project, directed by the Office of Contract Archaeology, Southern Illinois University at Edwardsville and funded by the Illinois Department of Transportation, was initiated during 1988 in response to the planned construction of a civilian air cargo facility that is to operate jointly with the present Scott Air Force Base. The project area, located in southwestern Illinois in southeastern St. Clair county, encompasses nearly 4,000 acres. The projected expansion area encompasses a range of environmental and physiographic zones extending from the bottomlands of Silver Creek to the adjacent uplands. This area served as a background for a multitude of prehistoric groups for more than 11,000 years.

*On the title page of this report it says 'draft', however this is the final report. * To meet increased demand for electricity due to growth, SRP plans to construct an approximately 20-mile (mi), double-circuit, 230-kilovolt (kV) transmission line including associated tubular steel pole structures that average 110–140 feet (ft) tall (Project). The Project will connect three 230/69kV receiving stations, including the Ball Substation in Gilbert, the Pfister Substation in southeastern Queen Creek, and the Abel Substation east of San Tan Valley. This Project was approved by the Arizona Corporation Commission (ACC) in 2009, when they issued a Certificate of Environmental Compatibility (CEC) (Decision No. 71441). Because 29.65 acres of the transmission line corridor, including some pole locations, fall within previously known archaeological sites, SRP contracted PaleoWest, LLC (PaleoWest) to prepare and implement this archaeological Historic Properties Treatment Plan (Plan) to mitigate the potential adverse effects of the ground-disturbing activities associated with the pole placement. The three sites crossed by the corridor— AZ U:10:2(ASM)/Germann Site, AZ U:10:32(ASM)/Sand Dune South, and AZ U:10:9(PG)—are Prehistoric Period Hohokam habitation sites.

Salt River Project (SRP) has requested that the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) conduct the Verde Reservoirs Sediment Mitigation Study (VRSMS) to evaluate options for restoring the storage capacity lost and to reduce future capacity impacts from the natural sedimentation process within the Horseshoe Reservoir on the lower Verde River northeast of Phoenix. The loss of capacity, coupled with the increase in hydrological variability associated with climate change, creates concerns about the Verde Reservoirs system’s future ability to meet the needs of the beneficiaries of the Salt River Federal Reclamation Project and the City of Phoenix, both of which rely on water stored in Horseshoe Reservoir. The purpose of the VRSMS is to evaluate potential solutions to mitigating current and future sedimentation impacts to the Verde Reservoir system. Options include 1) removing sediment from Horseshoe Reservoir to its original storage capacity and 2) enlarging Bartlett Reservoir, located downstream from Horseshoe Dam, by constructing a new dam immediately downstream from and abutting the current Bartlett Dam.

This report presents the results of the second season of investigations at the Merchant village site (LA 43414) in southeastern New Mexico. The excavations and analyses were sponsored by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement. Excavations focused on sections of room blocks in two areas of the main village, the agricultural fields, and midden deposits.

Poster presentation describing the 2019 investigations at the Merchant Site (LA 43414)

Public education and outreach brochure describing the survey and excavation projects at the Merchant site and Mescalero Plain of southeastern New Mexico

This report presents a summary of the results of the Blanket Purchase Authority (BPA) 10 project sponsored by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement. The BPA 10 project included six cultural resource projects, including survey inventories, site evaluations, and excavations.

The City of Phoenix (COP) Aviation Department has prepared a Comprehensive Asset Management Plan (CAMP) Short Range Development Plan for the Sky Harbor International Airport (Sky Harbor) in Phoenix, Arizona, to guide development at the airport over the next 20 years (herein referred to as the Sky Harbor CAMP Project). The plan proposes improvements to the airfield and the construction of two new Crossfield Taxiways, expansion of the passenger terminal, a grade change of the Union Pacific Railroad within the study area, development of a North Cargo Area, and redevelopment of the South Area. Implementation of the Sky Harbor CAMP Project requires the approval of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Federal Railroad Administration. The FAA must approve the changes to the airport layout and the use of federal funds; the Federal Railroad Administration must approve the use of federal funds. Because federal decisions are needed, the project is subject to compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). The COP Aviation Department is currently preparing an environmental assessment to disclose the potential impacts of the plan for compliance with NEPA. SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) was tasked with identifying historic properties within the APE to assist the FAA and the COP to comply with NEPA and NHPA review responsibilities. Historic property identification for the Sky Harbor CAMP Project was conducted in several stages, including background research, archaeological reconnaissance, and an architectural survey of the built environment. Because the planning period for the Sky Harbor CAMP Project extends to 2030, properties constructed up to 1980 would reach historic age by that time. Therefore, evaluating properties constructed up to 1980 (i.e., pre-1981) considers the 10-year lifespan of the Sky Harbor CAMP Project as a whole.

This report presents a summary of the results of the Blanket Purchase Authority (BPA) 10 project sponsored by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement. Geomorphological and geoarchaeological investigations were conducted at the Merchant site (LA 43414) and among suspected anthrosol deposits at LA 121668 and LA 171925. Analyses of soil chemistry and chronometric dates were completed.

This report presents the results of the second season of investigations at the Merchant village site (LA 43414) in southeastern New Mexico. The excavations and analyses were sponsored by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement. Excavations focused on sections of room blocks in two areas of the main village, the agricultural fields, and midden deposits.

This report presents the results of an intensive archaeological survey of 1,257 acres in the vicinity of the Merchant site (LA 43414), a prehistoric pueblo settlement in Lea County of southeastern New Mexico. The survey parcels are on lands administered by the Carlsbad Field Office (CFO) of the Bureau of Land Management and the New Mexico State Land Office. The survey was funded under the Permian Basin Programmatic Agreement (PBPA) administered by the CFO. The Merchant site was first investigated by the Lea County Archaeological Society between 1959 and 1965 (Leslie 1965) and was the subject of a recent series of investigations under the PBPA program (Miller et al. 2016). The 1,257-acre survey parcel included areas north and south of the Merchant village area and extended around the small playa west of the site. Multiple surveys conducted between 1983 and 2017 had recorded 19 prehistoric sites and one historic site within this survey parcel. A Transect Recording Unit (TRU) survey of the parcel resulted in the redefinition of these sites and their boundaries. A continuous distribution of artifacts and features was identified around the entire margin of the playa and connecting with the Merchant site, leading to the definition of a large site consisting of multiple village and camp localities. Six smaller sites were identified around the periphery of the main site area.

The Tonto National Forest (TNF) is currently conducting National Environmental Policy Act analysis of the proposed Resolution Copper Project (the project) located near Superior, Pinal County, Arizona. As part of this analysis, the TNF has identified several alternative areas proposed for potential development into tailings storage facilities (TSFs). WestLand Resources, Inc. (WestLand), was contracted by Resolution Copper to conduct a cultural resources inventory of TSF Alternative 5 – Peg Leg Well (the survey area) to identify historic properties that may be impacted by the project.

Cultural resource management (CRM) and industrial archaeology are newer fields to the broad scope of archeology. CRM and industrial archaeology both have methods on identifying and processing cultural resources, but CRM can provide valuable methods on preserving, reusing or identifying industrial heritage. This paper will display how CRM and industrial archaeology are needed together to fully understand the cultural importance and physical important of the building in the past and present.

Desert Archaeology, Inc., personnel conducted archaeological fieldwork for the City of Tucson at the Mission and Mission Garden loci of the Clearwater site, AZ BB:13:6 (ASM), and the Santa Cruz River Westside Canal site, AZ BB:13:481 (ASM), in March through July 2007, and September through October 2008. The work was conducted to mitigate the effects of the planned construction of the Mission of San Agustín, Ancestral Village, Carrillo House, and Mission Garden components of the Tucson Origins Heritage Park. As of June 2015, only the Mission Garden component was constructed. The project was funded by the City of Tucson as part of the Rio Nuevo redevelopment project. In all, 461 archaeological features were documented at the Clearwater site, and 21 canal segments from the Santa Cruz River Westside Canal site were studied. These features date from the time span between the Silverbell Interval of the Early Agricultural period (circa 2100 B.C.) into the American Statehood period, ending at about A.D. 1960. The features located included prehistoric pit structures, roasting pits, and small pits used for various purposes. Mission-era features included foundations of the Mission Garden walls and several middens. American Territorial period features were also found and included a brick-lined well and several outhouse pits. A number of prehistoric and protohistoric mortuary features were also located. These were excavated, and the remains and associated artifacts were repatriated to the Tohono O'Odham Nation. Analyses presented in this report used the features, recovered artifacts, plant materials, and faunal bone to examine three research issues — the changing riverine oasis, oasis communities, and community diversity.

The Integrated Cultural Resources Management Plan (ICRMP) is a planning document used to manage an installation's cultural resources management program. The document identifies cultural resource activities such as surveys and building inventories, that have taken place on an installation. It also identifies and describes historic resources within installation boundaries, identifies Native American groups affiliated with an installation, and provides a plan for staying in compliance with cultural resource laws. The document is used by installation command to make decisions about cultural resources management and compliance activities.This ICRMP has been prepared to document the known cultural resources located within the boundaries o f Los Angeles Air Force Base (LAAFB), as well as to develop preliminary recommendations for the immediate and future management o f those resources. This document serves as an update to the ICRMP prepared for LAAFB in 2002 (US Air Force 2002).

Thirty-Three historic structures in various stages of decay are all that remain of the gold mining community of Summitville. Summitville, which is nestled in the mountains of southern Colorado, was once known as one of the most productive gold mines in all of the state. This community was organized into a Company Town in 1934. There have been no prior archaeological investigations at this site, and, therefore, little is known about how far the company went to control the residents and their everyday lives. Based on the results from survey, readings, and interviews it can be shown that Summitville had a different social dynamic when it came to the company versus employees. What emerges from this research is a picture of a company town that seemed to occupy a more central location somewhere between complete paternalistic control and something that is more akin to benign paternalism. Background research, ethnographic interviews, in addition to comparative research into regional and national company town comparisons aided in the archaeological interpretations of what was a unique version of a Company Town.

The Phoenix Area Office (PXAO), Reclamation, maintains an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem canal. The data base was developed using all the previous main stem survey data and previously recorded sites. While many sites have been determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some have not received eligibility determinations and some are located outside of the construction corridor and not impacted. Additionally, legacy survey and site records have a number of errors and are sometimes contradictory. When work on the Hayden Rhodes section of the CAP was initiated in the 1970s, contract archaeology was still in its infancy, with field methods and recording procedures still developing. Some of the sites along the Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct were recorded as low density artifact scatters encompassing hundreds of acres. Most of these sites have been resurveyed and site boundaries updated in a more discreet manner. Reclamation requested that Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) relocate the remaining small sites found along the Hayden Rhodes Aqueduct between Phoenix and the Colorado River as part of this final phase of the assessment study. Reclamation identified 16 sites to re-locate and assess the condition of these archaeological sites within the CAP ROW. This is the fourth and final phase of site assessments along the western reach of the CAP. Only the portions of sites found on Reclamation lands (including within the CAP security fence) were relocated, surveyed, and evaluated. All sites were re-surveyed, mapped, and their locational information updated with Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates through Global Positioning System (GPS). Site existence or destruction was determined, as well as current conditions and how much of each site exists within the ROW. Register eligibility recommendations were made and site number discrepancies resolved with new Arizona State Museum (ASM) site numbers assigned, when necessary. The purpose of this resurvey was to correct historic records, site maps, and locational errors. In general, these legacy records from the 1970s and 1980s were incomplete. AZSITE, ACS’s extensive library of cultural resource management (CRM) reports, and reports available online at the Digital Archaeological Record (tDAR) were examined to consolidate as many of these legacy records as possible into this final report. Sites that were not relocated or confirmed as no longer existing within Reclamation lands and/or the CAP ROW were identified and explained.

In compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) began cultural resource surveys along the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem alignment shortly after the CAP was authorized. For the next 25 years, various cultural resource management contractors conducted inventories of the CAP, recording several hundred archaeological sites. From the 1970s to the 1980s, some of these sites were tested and/or excavated as mitigation for the construction of the CAP main stem canal. While many sites were determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some did not receive eligibility determinations and some were located outside of the construction corridor and not affected by construction activities. The legacy survey data and site records from these various investigations have a number of errors and are sometimes contradictory. In an effort to better manage cultural resources on Reclamation land, PXAO has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP canal. The database was developed using all the previous main stem survey data; however, the Register eligibility status of the majority of these sites was unknown following completion of the CAP. Additionally, an unknown number of sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer within Reclamation’s CAP ROW. It is necessary that the database accurately reflects the current Register eligibility status of all archaeological sites within the CAP ROW to ensure that PXAO can effectively manage these sites. To this end, PXAO has been updating its database and conducted consultation with the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in 2015, seeking to resolve the eligibility status of sites within the CAP ROW. Following this consultation, the SHPO and PXAO agreed that based on the assessment data provided, further work was required on 117 sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts. For 24 sites determined eligible for the Register, the maps from the original surveys were insufficient. For another 93 sites, the data provided was insufficient to determine whether a site was eligible or ineligible for inclusion in the Register. During ACS’ efforts to relocate 117 previously recorded sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts, eligibility for 10 sites could not be determined and so eligibility testing was conducted at these 10 sites to determine Register eligibility or the extent to which subsurface deposits are likely present with the CAP ROW. Following this work, additional survey was conducted in selected portions of the CAP corridor to try and relocate 15 sites that could not be found due to destruction or misplotting. This file is the log of photographs taken during this project.

In compliance with Section 106 of the NHPA, the Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), Phoenix Area Office (PXAO) began cultural resource surveys along the Central Arizona Project (CAP) main stem alignment shortly after the CAP was authorized. For the next 25 years, various cultural resource management contractors conducted inventories of the CAP, recording several hundred archaeological sites. From the 1970s to the 1980s, some of these sites were tested and/or excavated as mitigation for the construction of the CAP main stem canal. While many sites were determined eligible or not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places (Register), some did not receive eligibility determinations and some were located outside of the construction corridor and not affected by construction activities. The legacy survey data and site records from these various investigations have a number of errors and are sometimes contradictory. In an effort to better manage cultural resources on Reclamation land, PXAO has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP canal. The database was developed using all the previous main stem survey data; however, the Register eligibility status of the majority of these sites was unknown following completion of the CAP. Additionally, an unknown number of sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer within Reclamation’s CAP ROW. It is necessary that the database accurately reflects the current Register eligibility status of all archaeological sites within the CAP ROW to ensure that PXAO can effectively manage these sites. To this end, PXAO has been updating its database and conducted consultation with the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in 2015, seeking to resolve the eligibility status of sites within the CAP ROW. Following this consultation, the SHPO and PXAO agreed that based on the assessment data provided, further work was required on 117 sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts. For 24 sites determined eligible for the Register, the maps from the original surveys were insufficient. For another 93 sites, the data provided was insufficient to determine whether a site was eligible or ineligible for inclusion in the Register.

In an effort to better manage cultural resources on Reclamation land, PXAO has developed an archaeological site database for the CAP canal. The database was developed using all the previous main stem survey data; however, the Register eligibility status of the majority of these sites was unknown following completion of the CAP. Additionally, an unknown number of sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer within Reclamation’s CAP right-of-way (ROW). PXAO has been updating its database and conducted consultation with the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in 2015, seeking to resolve the eligibility status of sites within the CAP ROW. Following this consultation, the SHPO and PXAO agreed that based on the assessment data provided, further work was required on 117 sites along the Fannin-McFarland and Tucson Aqueducts. ACS revisited the 117 sites in 2016. Eligibility for 27 sites could not be evaluated. This group includes sites that could not be relocated within the CAP ROW due to misplotting, destruction in the ROW, or were found outside the ROW. This group also includes three sites whose components within the ROW are not contributing to the site’s eligibility. Ten of the 27 sites that could not be evaluated for eligibility based on their surface manifestations are recommended for testing. Eligibility testing is recommended for these 10 sites and this document presents a Plan for eligibility testing.

The Grand Canalscape Phase II (TIGER) Shared-use Path project is a City of Phoenix (City) pathway improvement project that will complete a shared-use path along the Grand Canal from Interstate 17 (I-17) in Phoenix to the City of Tempe border at 56th Street (Figure 1, Figure 2). The pathway improvements will occur along three discontiguous segments of the Grand Canal (designated as Segments 1, 2, and 3). Phase I of the Grand Canalscape, which is in the final design stage, will provide the connection between the three segments. Numerous cultural resources have been identified throughout the Phase II area of potential effects (APE); these may be adversely affected during project construction. As a result, a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) has been executed between the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), the State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), and numerous other invited signatories and consulting parties (March 6, 2017). Preconstruction geotechnical investigations were required to assist in the development of design plans. The geotechnical activities were located within the boundaries and 250-foot buffers of two Hohokam habitation sites-AZ U:9:1(ASM)/Pueblo Grande and AZ U:9:67(ASM)/La Lomita-as a result, cultural resources monitoring of geotechnical boring locations was required. As defined by the City, the area within 250 feet of the boundary of an archaeological site is considered to be the site's "buffer" and must be considered in terms of potential ground-disturbing activities.

ACS conducted testing at 10 sites within Reclamation’s CAP ROW seeking to resolve the National Register of Historic Places (Register) eligibility status of sites within the CAP ROW. This document presents the results of that testing.

In February 2017, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted a site relocation effort (Mitchell et al. 2017) of 117 sites that had not been evaluated for eligibility to the National Register of Historic Places (Register). Fifteen sites were not relocated at the plotted site location or within 200 meters around the site boundary within the Central Arizona Project (CAP) ROW. It was decided that additional survey would be beneficial to determine if these sites were misplotted and could be located by additional survey in their general locations. Survey was conducted around and between sites AZ U:10:5(ASM), AZ AA:3:24(ASM), AZ AA:3:47(ASM), AZ AA:3:62(ASM), AZ AA:3:63(ASM), AZ AA:11:29(ASM), AZ AA:12:125(ASM), AZ AA:12:353(ASM), AZ AA:12:354(ASM), AZ AA:12:355(ASM), AZ AA:12:453(ASM), AZ AA:12:579(ASM), AZ AA:12:624(ASM), AZ AA:16:158(ASM), and NA 18009. Additional survey was also conducted to examine other areas not surveyed since the 1960s and 1970s.

The Yuma Wash site was a permanently occupied large Classic period village situated in the northern Tucson Basin at the juncture of the eastern bajada of the Tucson Mountains with the Santa Cruz River floodplain. The site area was also intermittently used on a much smaller scale during the rest of the Hohokam sequence and during the Early Agricultural and Early Ceramic periods, as well as during the Historic era. The project was conducted by Desert Archaeology, Inc., for the Town of Marana. The initial data recovery was conducted by Old Pueblo Archaeology Center (OPAC). OPAC personnel investigated five sites and completed data recovery at AZ AA:12:313 (ASM). Three of the remaining four sites were separated solely by modern channels of Yuma Wash, and for the Desert Archaeology project, were considered loci of the Yuma Wash site, although they retained their original ASM site numbers: AZ AA:12:122 (ASM), AZ AA:12:311 (ASM), and AZ AA:12:312 (ASM). The last site, AZ AA:12:314 (ASM), was situated at the southern end of the project area with only a small portion of it within the right-of-way. A canal site, AZ AA:12:1047 (ASM), likely dating to the Classic period, was discovered during the Desert Archaeology investigations. The historic occupation of the Yuma Wash site includes the Bojorquez-Aguirre Ranch structures that dated to the late 1800s. Data recovery of the historic occupation was covered during the OPAC investigations. Desert Archaeology recorded 1,168 cultural features at the Yuma Wash site and AA:12:314, including 303 human mortuary features. The vast majority of the features dated to the Classic period, and the site was intensively occupied during both the Tanque Verde (A.D. 1150-1300) and Tucson (A.D. 1300-1450) phases. Occupation prior to the Classic period is difficult to characterize due to the paucity of features; in all, 235 structures have now been identified at the Yuma Wash site and AA:12:314, but fewer than a dozen of these have been found, through testing or excavation, to date prior to A.D. 1150. The early occupation was likely intermittent and of varying function, with the site sometimes permanently inhabited for a few years, sometimes seasonally inhabited, and sometimes likely vacant. The Area of Potential Effect (APE) for the Yuma Wash project was irregular and consisted largely of a small, primarily linear slice of the site. Consequently, site structure could not be clearly determined. However, several observations could be made for the Classic period occupation. Locus AA:12:122 was occupied only during the Tanque Verde phase (A.D. 1150-1300), and showed clear pithouse courtyard groups with cemeteries to the east or southeast. This pattern was much less visible in the other loci due to the shape of the right-of- way and the dynamic nature of the natural sediments, allowing for Classic period features to originate at numerous levels. The following report contains results from the Desert Archaeology excavations conducted in 2007 and 2008. Whenever possible, previous work by OPAC is also included to provide a more complete understanding of the site.

Las Capas, AZ AA:12:111 (ASM), so named for its deeply stratified deposits, dates primarily to the San Pedro phase of the Early Agricultural period, circa 1200-800 B.C. Later, more sporadic occupation of the site extends from the Cienega phase (800 B.C.-A.D. 50) through the Hohokam sequence and the Protohistoric period. Occupation prior to approximately 2100 B.C. is suggested by several radiocarbon dates on maize found redeposited in younger contexts. Recent excavations at the site and its associated canals, designated AZ AA:12:753 (ASM), revealed the structure of this Early Agricultural period settlement in unprecedented detail. Data recovery identified more than 5,500 prehistoric features, 3,455 of which were excavated or tested. Investigated feature types included 53 pithouses, 8 possible pithouses, 22 extramural surfaces, 610 bell-shaped pits, 49 large pits, 2,099 small pits, 490 roasting pits, 40 pits of unknown or other function, 20 inhumations, 2 cremations, and 11 animal burials. These excavations resulted in the recovery of more than 113,000 artifacts and 7,300 samples of various kinds. This volume provides the environmental and cultural context of the Las Capas project area, situated on the Santa Cruz River floodplain in the northern Tucson Basin of southern Arizona. Contrary to the common idea of "desert," the Sonoran Desert supports a surprising lush and diverse variety of plant and animal life in an area receiving an average of less than 30 cm of precipitation per year. The environment of the greater Santa Cruz River Valley is discussed in detail, as it constitutes the fundamental structure within which early farmers established their communities, creating mosaics of "built environments," — anthropogenic landscapes—for agriculture and settlement.

In this volume, the easternmost portion of the State Route (SR) 260 —Payson to Heber Archaeological project is described. Driving east from where the SR 260 project begins near Payson, Arizona, the environment changes from rolling hills and meadows to narrow ridges and perennial streams. There are few open areas as the road winds between the Mogollon Rim to the north and Christopher Mountain to the south. Prehistoric and historic sites are situated on the hills and terraces above the permanent waterways, including Christopher Creek, Sharp Creek, and Hunter Creek. These streams provide natural corridors through a rugged environment. A mile east of the Christopher Creek segment, the road begins a steep, 2-mile climb up the Mogollon Rim to crest in the aspen forests of the Chevelon drainage. The planned realignment of SR 260 between Payson and Heber by the Arizona Department of Transportation (ADOT) has resulted in a multiphase archaeological investigation of the construction right-of-way. Although the overall construction project is 46 miles long, surveys only identified archaeological sites in the western 22 miles of the project, in the area below the Mogollon Rim on the Tonto National Forest (TNF). Construction work is planned in six phases, from west to east, Lion Springs, Preacher Canyon, Little Green Valley, Kohls Ranch, Doubtful Canyon, and Christopher Creek. The most dangerous sections of the highway are scheduled for realignment first; therefore, the archaeological work does not follow an orderly west-to-east progression. The first portion of the highway to be constructed was the Preacher Canyon section, located between mileposts 260 and 263 near the western end of the project area (Herr, ed. 2012). This report describes the results of investigations in the Christopher Creek section and Sharp Creek Campground. The Christopher Creek section is the second portion of the highway to be investigated and one of the longest sections in the SR 260 project area, located between mileposts 272 and 278. Because highway construction will remove U.S. Forest Service camping spaces elsewhere in the SR 260 project area, Sharp Creek Campground was constructed as part of the ADOT project. The Sharp Creek Campground is adjacent to the Christopher Creek section, and although fieldwork was conducted in separate phases, the sites are discussed together. The testing phase at the Sharp Creek Campground was conducted in November and December 1999, and data recovery was conducted between April and June 2000. The testing phase investigations of the Christopher Creek section were conducted in May and June 2000, and data recovery was conducted in October and November 2000. In all, 17 sites, dating between 1360 B.C. and the late Historic era, were investigated. Approximately 507 person-days were expended on fieldwork.

This report presents the results of a Cultural Resources Assessment (Class I Records Search, with limited supplemental fieldwork) by the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) Cultural Resource Management Program (CRMP) for the proposed construction of a 230 kV electric transmission line in District 4 of the GRIC, Maricopa and Pinal Counties, Arizona (CRMP Project No. 2012.36x0). Implementation of the proposed undertaking will require approval from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), Pima Agency. Consequently, this undertaking is subject to review under the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA) and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Salt River Project (SRP) is considering multiple potential routes for the transmission line right-of-way (ROW) and, accordingly, has divided the transmission line corridors into various preferred and Alternate Routes. The Area of Potential Effect (APE) for this assessment consists of these various alignments, which encompass a ROW corridor width of 600 feet in most areas (a 300-foot corridor is proposed for segments along the GRIC border, i.e., where the alignment runs parallel to Price Road). An eighth-mile buffer surrounding the APE is also evaluated to better understand the distribution of cultural resources in the broader vicinity of the proposed transmission line corridor.

This plan of action was prepared pursuant to the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA) of 1990 (Pub. L. 101-601; 25 U.S.C. 3001-3013; 104 Stat. 3048-3058) to define a strategy for treatment of human remains inadvertently discovered during munitions removal from the Munitions Response Site (MRS) XU403a within the Parcel N Debris Area at the former Williams Air Force Base (AFB). Williams AFB was built in 1941 southeast of Phoenix in Maricopa County, Arizona, and operated as a pilot training facility until 1993 when it was closed pursuant to the Department of Defense Base Realignment and Closure Act.

Approximately 61 percent (74 percent if only the extant portions of the site are considered) of the 60.5-acre Hohokam settlement known as Honey Bee Village, AZ BB:9:88 (ASM) (Arizona State Museum site files designation) was mechanically tested and horizontally exposed during excavations in 2006-2007 by Desert Archaeology, Inc., under contract with Pima County and Rancho Vistoso Partners, LLC. Honey Bee Village is located in the Town of Oro Valley north of Tucson. The core of the village was set aside as a preserve, and only surface documentation was conducted in that area. Elsewhere on the preserved portions of the site most of the village plan was exposed, and excavations revealed 2,004 primary features. This is part 2 of 2

Historical aerial photographs indicate the abandoned Eloy Airfield was developed prior to 1959 and ASLD records indicate the parcel of State Trust land on which the airport was located was leased to commercial crop dusting services from 1969 to 1981. Site investigations conducted between 1993 and 2006 documented that the parcel was contaminated with organochlorine pesticides, primarily toxaphene. In 2009, State Risk Management, which provided oversight and funding for environmental remedial action at the former airfield, retained URS Corporation to excavate, transport, and dispose of pesticide contaminated soil exceeding the nonresidential soil remediation level for toxaphene (16 milligrams per kilogram). A prehistoric Hohokam archaeological site, AZ AA:6:51(ASM), overlaps the airfield parcel. ASLD, in consultation with SHPO, determined that site AZ AA:6:51(ASM) is eligible for the Arizona Register under Criterion D because it has potential to yield important information about the Hohokam occupation of the Santa Cruz Flats. ASLD in consultation with SHPO and ASM agreed that pursuant to the State Historic Preservation Act and Arizona Antiquities Act some level of archaeological study should be conducted to recover and preserve information and artifacts in areas of the site that could not be avoided by the removal of contaminated soil. Because of the contamination, both agencies recognized that normal archaeological excavation could pose a hazard to archaeologists and they agreed that data recovery could be limited to archaeological monitoring. This report documents the goals, methods, and results of the approved monitoring plan.

In this report, the results of data recovery efforts conducted for the Palo Verde to Pinal West transmission line project at the Gillespie Dam site, AZ T:13:18 (ASM), in the Gila Bend area of the Gila River are presented. The site is a prehistoric Hohokam-Patayan settlement with an overlay of Historic era material. Fieldwork primarily occurred within the construction staging area of a transmission tower. Although covering less than an acre, the staging area contained surprising numbers of prehistoric features, including numerous pithouses, a cobble-buttressed adobe structure, ramadas, a storehouse/granary, and myriad other feature types typical of the range of outdoor activities that would be associated with a residential locus in a Hohokam village. Chronological evidence indicates the locus was occupied from the beginning of the Sedentary period, well into the Classic period, or from the tenth century to sometime after the thirteenth century A.D. Three of the pithouses are among the largest ever excavated within the Hohokam cultural area; the adobe structure was also exceptionally large. The large structures formed a corridor through the center of the staging area, which was accentuated by a fronting, prepared caliche surface. It is these structures that are the essential project finding, providing important insights about village organization and activity at the Gillespie Dam site. In turn, the project results inform on larger prehistoric events occurring within the Gila Bend area. Fieldwork also included sampling of a historic canal, AZ T:14:143 (ASM), which skirts the edge of the river terrace scarp in the southwestern portion of the Gillespie Dam site. Archival research identified this channel as the Wolfley, or original, Gila Bend Canal. It was the first of several historic canals built on the eastern side of the Gila River north of Gila Bend. The Wolfley/Gila Bend canal operated intermittently between 1892 and 1895, and possibly as late as 1905. The study of the canal during this project provided a rare opportunity to compare the archaeological record of a canal with its documented history of constructions, management, and natural events. This document contains contributions by Jenny L. Adams, Elizabeth A. Bagwell, Tiffany Clark, Connie A. Darby, Michael W. Diehl, T. Kathleen Henderson, Gary Huckleberry, Christine H. Lange, Manuel R. Palacios-Fest, Stacy L. Ryan, M. Steven Shackley, Susan J. Smith, Pat. H. Stein, Sandra Wadsworth, and Joshua Watts.

Trico Electric Cooperative, Inc. (Trico), plans to use federal funding from the Rural Utilities Service (RUS) to rebuild overhead Circuits 12 and 18 near Marana in unincorporated Pima County, Arizona. Seventeen new poles and pole-anchors will be erected in Hog Farm Ball Court site, AZ AA:11:12(ASM). An additional 11 poles will be replaced in the same location as existing poles (in-place replacement). RUS consulted with the Arizona State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO), and it was determined that the project would adversely affect the site. An archaeological treatment plan (Barr and Whittlesey 2009) was developed, and memorandum of agreement (MOA) between RUS and the SHPO was signed to address mitigation of the adverse effects. In August 2010, SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted archaeological test excavations at the 17 proposed pole and pole-anchor locations in accordance with the treatment plan (Barr and Whittlesey 2009). This document presents the results of the test excavations. Archaeological test excavations at 17 proposed pole and pole- anchor locations within the Hog Farm Ball Court Site, AZ AA:11:12(ASM), identified no significant subsurface cultural deposits that would contribute to the property’s National Register of Historic Places eligibility. SWCA recommends no further archaeological work at these 17 locations. Per the treatment plan, SWCA will monitor the in-place replacement at an additional 11 pole locations.

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit 59 sites that had been identified along the Reaches 1 and 2 of the Tucson Aqueduct (Phase A). This document presents the results of the assessment. This is the report of the assessment. The photos taken during this assessment are available at tDAR ID: 393760. Their photo log can be found at tDAR ID: 393759.

Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP) plans to construct an 88-mile-long 500-kV extra-high voltage transmission line linking the Pinal West, Santa Rosa, Pinal Central, Abel, and Dinosaur substations (ACC CEC Case No. 126). This report presents the results of Phase I data recovery (extent testing) and Phase II data recovery within a 40-m- (130-ft-) wide corridor at seven sites located on State Trust Land administered by the Arizona State Land Department (ASLD) (ASLD ROW No. 16-112288) and at seven sites and nine loci on the Gila River floodplain that are on privately owned lands between Pinal Central and Dinosaur. The sites are situated in north-central Pinal County east of the town of Queen Creek, east of Coolidge; and southeast and south-south of Coolidge. Phase I data recovery investigations were undertaken at 14 sites: AZ AA:2:304 (ASM); AZ AA:2:305 (ASM), AZ AA:3:281, AZ U:10:20 (ASM), AZ U:14:417 (ASM), AZ U:15:1 (ASM)/Adamsville, AZ U:15:61 (ASM)/Frogtown, AZ U:15:97 (ASM), AZ U:15:264 (ASM), AZ U:15:276 (ASM), AZ U:15:296 (ASM), AZ U:15:432 (ASM), AZ U:15:559 (ASM), and AZ U:15:560 (ASM). The sites were previously recommended eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) (Henderson et al. 2009) and the investigations were undertaken to comply with the Arizona Antiquities Act, the State Historic Preservation Act, and as required by the Arizona Corporation Commission Certificate of Environmental Compatibility. Fieldwork methods followed those outlined in the treatment plans (Phase I and Phase II data recovery) developed to mitigate impacts to the sites (Lindeman 2009; Lindeman et al. 2009). Michael Foster, Ph.D. served as Principal Investigator, and field work was directed by J. Scott Courtright. This is Submittal 3 of the report.

Early stages of the investigations at Hofstaðir directed by the Archaeological Institute Iceland revealed that substantial amounts of well-preserved animal bone were present in contexts throughout the site, with a major concentration in the fill of the large sunken featured structure G. The site directors kindly involved the NABO zooarchaeologists (led through various seasons by Tom McGovern and Sophia Perdikaris), and the zooarchaeology team was able to participate directly in the field excavations from 1996 onwards. The modern open area excavation of this major Viking Age hall and its associated buildings offered a unique opportunity for North Atlantic zooarchaeology, allowing comparisons of bone assemblages from fully excavated middens and structures and the combination of horizontal and vertical stratigraphic perspectives on the interpretation of site formation processes. The close cooperation between excavators and specialists continued from fieldwork through post-excavation analysis, and has unquestionably improved the quality of this report. The analysis and interpretation of the Hofstaðir archaeofauna has also greatly benefited from comparative zooarchaeological evidence from contemporary nearby sites in the Mývatn area (Mývatnssveit) carried out under the larger Landscapes of Settlement project, and this analysis will make use of comparative zooarchaeological data from the contemporary sites of Sveigakot (SVK) and Hrísheimar (HRH).

At the request of Olsson Associates, Inc. (Olsson), EcoPlan Associates, Inc. (EcoPlan) cultural resource specialists relocated and assessed where possible National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) eligibility for known cultural resources within both the Phoenix- and Tempe-owned portions of Papago Park, Maricopa County, Arizona. This research was done in support of a new regional master plan for the park. The master plan is being developed cooperatively by the Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (SRPMIC) and the Cities of Tempe (COT), Phoenix (COP), and Scottsdale (COS). The planning process is designed to address both current and future needs of the park and to help guide decisions for future management. Cultural resources within the park are varied, ranging from prehistoric archaeological sites to historic buildings, structures, and objects. The master plan will help better define the sensitive archaeological areas where protection and preservation are warranted as well as highlight the park's many cultural resources that can be focal points of celebration such as the Eisendrath House, Tempe's largest and best preserved Pueblo Revival style house, or Governor Hunt's unique pyramidal tomb. Currently, the park is home to the Phoenix Zoo, Desert Botanical Garden, Papago Sports Complex, Rolling Hills Golf Course, Phoenix Municipal Stadium, the National Guard, the Papago Golf Course, and the Hall of Flame and Arizona Historical Society Museums. Active and passive recreation opportunities exist throughout the park, including bicycle and pedestrian trails, an archery range, picnic areas with historic ramadas, fishing lakes, and athletic facilities. We did not physically access Reclamation-owned property for this study. Archaeological site relocation on COP and COT owned land was conducted under the terms and conditions of an Arizona Antiquities Act (AAA) blanket permit (no. 2009-005bl), issued to EcoPlan by the Arizona State Museum (ASM). This type of permit is required for cultural resource investigations that occur on any municipal, county, or state lands. Notification of intent to conduct field work was submitted 13 March 2009 and ASM issued EcoPlan accession number 2009-0232 on 23 March 2009.

The Bureau of Reclamation has developed an archaeological site database for the Central Arizona Project (CAP) canal main stem based on the Class III survey data that includes all previously recorded sites. An unknown number of these sites were either destroyed by construction or excavation, while others are no longer located within the CAP right-of-way (ROW). To assist Reclamation in checking the accuracy of its site database, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) was asked to revisit 28 sites that had been identified in Reach 4 of the Fannin-McFarland portion of the CAP canal. This presents the results of the assessment. This is the report from the assessment. The photos taken during the project can be found at tDAR ID: 393755 Their photolog can be found at tDAR ID: 393754

As authorized under the Arizona Water Settlements Act of 2004, the San Carlos and Irrigation Drainage District (SCIDD) is undertaking a 10-year rehabilitation project of its irrigation system. SCIDD is the non-Indian irrigation component of the San Carlos Irrigation Project (SCIP), which provides irrigation water to the communities of Florence, Coolidge, and Casa Grande in Pinal County, Arizona. To assist with project planning, Reclamation directed Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) to conduct a Class I overview of the project area, updating previous Class I reports compiled by Doyel et al. (1995) and Woodson (2000). The Class I update revealed that 172 cultural resource investigations have been conducted within the APE and review area. Although the cultural resource surveys cover approximately 22 percent of the APE and review area, most were conducted more than 10 years ago, or are on the verge. As such, only five percent of the review area was adequately surveyed within the last 10 years. In total, 187 sites have been recorded within the APE and review area, and include a variety of site types and ages and eligible, not eligible, and unknown eligibility determinations to the National Register. The bulk of the sites are prehistoric (n = 121) and include Archaic and Hohokam artifact scatters, habitation sites, resource and procurement sites, and sites with features such as petroglyphs and rock features. At least 52 documented sites are historic, a number of which are associated with the SCIDD and Joint Works system. Other historic sites include homestead sites, structures, roads and highways, railroads and trash scatters. Another 12 sites have been characterized as multicomponent, the bulk of which comprise artifact scatters, some with features, with both prehistoric and historic components. The bulk of the sites had not been evaluated for eligibility (n = 65) or no information is available for them (n = 2). Of the remaining cultural resources that were evaluated, two archaeological districts (Blackwater and Florence) and one structure (the Arizona State Prison Captain of the Guards House) are listed on the State Inventory; 34 sites have been determined eligible for inclusion on the State and/or National Registers; 52 have been recommended eligible; one has been recommended for eligibility testing; and 27 have been recommended as not eligible. Three large prehistoric Hohokam habitation sites along the Gila River are listed on the National Register, including Adamsville Ruin (AZ U:15:1[ASM]), Grewe site (AZ AA:2:2[ASM]) and a site cluster (House Mound) within Casa Grande Ruins National Monument (AZ AA:2:16[ASM]). In addition to the projects and site record checks, historic GLO plat maps and MTP records reveal a number of potentially undocumented historic features and structures in the review area including houses, buildings, canals, ditches, fence lines, railroads, roads, utility lines, and agricultural fields. Modern urban development and expansion of agricultural activity in the area may have obscured or obliterated many of these features. This is the Class I report. A photo of a petroglyph identified during the assessment can be accessed at tDAR ID: 393776.

Other entries related to work done on Arizona withdrawn lands can be found at the following links: https://core.tdar.org/collection/27771 and https://core.tdar.org/collection/27743. The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has identified approximately 960 acres of land for a Class III (intensive) cultural resource survey for Section 110 inventory purposes. The land was withdrawn for the Salt River Project (SRP) and is located along Queen Creek west of Superior, Arizona. The withdrawn land was primarily within the Tonto National Forest (TNF), but included private land as well. At the request of Reclamation, Archaeological Consulting Services, Ltd. (ACS) conducted an intensive cultural resources survey of the project area to provide an inventory and assessment of cultural resources that might occur within the parcel. The survey, conducted on TNF land under noncollection permit TON572 issued by the TNF, was performed between July 28 and October 17, 2008. In total, 51 sites and 111 isolated occurrences were identified. The photos taken during this survey can be found at https://core.tdar.org/image/393951. The photo log is available at https://core.tdar.org/document/393950.

This document presents the eleventh annual (Year 11) report detailing the management of historic properties by the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport Authority (PMGAA) at the Phoenix-Mesa Gateway Airport (Gateway) from 1 May 2008 to 30 September 2009. Gateway is located at the former Williams Air Force Base (WAFB) in Mesa, Arizona. Within Gateway, 14 historic properties have been identified: five World War II hangars and nine prehistoric archaeological sites (Figure 1). Activities at Gateway for Year 11 include delisting two archaeological sites, conducting consultation regarding the use of Hanger 24, and monitoring construction on several taxiways.

The results of archaeological investigations at three prehistoric Hohokam sites within the right-of-way corridor for the Salt River Project Browning to Dinosaur Transmission Line, east of Mesa and Queen Creek, Arizona, are presented in this report. The sites include the Siphon Draw site, AZ U:10:6 (ASM), a pre-Classic period (circa A.D. 800-1000) village; AZ U:10:8 (ASM), a classic period (circa A.D. 1150-1450) wild resource-processing and habitation site; and AZ U:10:172 (ASM), a Colonial period (circa A.D. 800-900) farmstead. Although the Siphon Draw site and U:10:8 had been previously studied in the early 1980s during the Arizona State Museum Salt-Gila Aqueduct project, with a particularly intensive effort at Siphon Draw, the current project provided new details about these sites, as well as an initial characterization of U:10:172. Important and unexpected findings by the Browning to Dinosaur project include the discovery of a new, undocumented pit-houses and an unusual burial at the Siphon Draw site, as well as a prehistoric reservoir at U:10:8. Also unexpected was the occurrence of three pithouses at U:10:172 within the small access road area investigated during the project. Studies of these features and their associated assemblages have provided new insights about residential organization and population size at Siphon Draw and U:10:172, as well as enhanced perspectives concerning settlement, subsistence, interaction, and ritual practices in the Queen Creek locale.

Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District (SRP) plans to construct an 88-mile-long extra-high voltage transmission line linking the Pinal West, Santa Rosa, Pinal Central, Abel, and Dinosaur Substations. The project corridor traverses the area from the Maricopa/Pinal County line west of the Ak Chin Indian Community, southeastward and eastward past Casa Grande, Arizona, then roughly northward past Coolidge and Florence, Arizona, ending east of Queen Creek, Arizona, along the western side of the Central Arizona Project Canal (CAP) (Figure 1). This document addresses cultural resources identified on Arizona State Trust Lands between the Pinal West and Dinosaur substations. Survey of nine segments of Arizona State Trust Lands between the Pinal West and Dinosaur substations was conducted by Henderson and her colleagues (Henderson et. al. 2008) (ASLD Right-of-Way Application Nos. 14-111003 [Pinal West to Santa Rosa section], 14-112542 [Santa Rosa to Pinal Central section], and 16-112288 [Pinal Central to Dinosaur section]) (Figure 2). The survey of State Trust Lands identified 13 archaeological sites in three segments. Eight of the sites—AZ U:10:20 (ASM), AZ U:14:417 (ASM), AZ U:15:61 (ASM), AZ U:15:62 (ASM), AZ U:15:97 (ASM), AZ U:15:264 (ASM), AZ U:15:432 (ASM) and AZ U:15:560 (ASM)-have been considered eligible for listing on the Arizona and National Registers of Historic Places and may contain subsurface remains that could be impacted by construction of the transmission line. All of the eligible sites are between the Pinal Central and Dinosaur Substations, ASLD Right-of-Way Application No. 16-112288. Three sites-AZ U:10:23 (ASM), AZ U:14:73 (ASM), and AZ U:15:99 (ASM)—are also Arizona/National Register-eligible, however, the project corridor crosses site areas that show no evidence of containing significant cultural remains, and the remaining two sites, AZ AA:1:95 (ASM) and AZ U:14:416 (ASM), have been determined or are considered ineligible for Arizona/National Register listing so construction will not impact significant cultural resources at these locations.

Class III cultural resources survey for an extra-high voltage transmission line connecting the Pinal West, Santa Rosa, Pinal Central, Abel, and Dinosaur Substations in Pinal County, Arizona.

The summer of 2008 was the fourth season with archaeological field work in the Vatnahverfi region in the Norse Eastern Settlement. The main purpose of the project is to investigate and discuss cultural, social and economic strategies of the Norse Greenland settlement from landnam in the late 980´ties to depopulation in the later part of the 15th Century with Vatnahverfi as case study area. Knowledge of the culture landscape are prerequisite for the project and high resolution and GPS surveys of ruins and ruin groups were initiated already in 2005 and have continued ever since. In 2005 and 2006 Niels Algreen Møller and Christian Koch Madsen surveyed parts of the large area measuring ruin groups with GPS (Møller & Madsen 2006 and Møller & Madsen 2007), and in 2007 Møller and Madsen headed continued surveys and GPS measurements in Vatnahverfi along with archaeological investigations at the small churches at the ruin groups E64 and E78. Konrad Smiarowski joined the fieldwork in 2007 especially focusing on economy, middens and midden excavations. (Møller et al. 2007; Smiarowski 2009). In 2008 the strategy was to focus on single sites in Vatnahverfi and the ruin groups E64 and E66 were selected for archaeological excavations. Both ruin groups are situated in Kujalleq, an eastern branch of Igaliku fjord. Both sites had churches connected. The church at E64 was apparently built at landnam and abolished after some centuries whereas the church at E66 seems to have been in use up to depopulation. We do not know when the first church at E66 was established. As churches connected to farms are used as indicators of wealth the objective of the excavations was to make comparisons between the two sites. At E64 both the church, church yard and the midden in front of the dwelling were the target for excavations. At E66 the midden was chosen for investigations. The conditions here were however more complicated than foreseen, and the excavations at E66 therefore had to be postponed. Midden excavations were carried out at E68 instead.

SRP is planning to upgrade the current carrying capacity of 18.3 miles of the existing Silver King to Goldfield 230kV line. In order to accomplish this, SRP plans to “bundle” the existing 230kV conductors by adding a second conductor to each of the three existing single-conductor phases. To add the new conductors, SRP will need to re-open some original access roads, and the selected wire, puller, sleeving, and anchor sites used during the original 1978 line construction. The existing transmission line corridor has been previously surveyed for cultural resources (a corridor measuring 70 ft south and 220 ft north of the existing 230kV line and including the 500kV line) and was not re-surveyed for this project. LSD conducted a Class III cultural resource survey of a 50-ft-wide corridor centered on each of the access roads leading to the transmission line corridor. Some of these roads or small segments of these roads may need to be re-bladed or have fill added to allow equipment to approach the project area. Thirty-eight segments of access roads, as well as puller, wire, and anchor sites located outside the corridor were surveyed, totaling approximately 13.9 miles (84.3 acres). LSD also re-located previously recorded sites within the corridor in the vicinity of towers or access roads to verify site locations and boundaries. This report pertains to the portions of the project area on TNF and private land between the Silver King Substation and the TNF boundary. A separate report for portions of the project area on State Trust and private land west of the TNF boundary will be submitted to the Arizona State Land Department. This report was revised in February 2009. The original report was dated April 2008.

This document contains two tables that serve as a guide to the archaeological projects conducted at Pueblo Grande from 1990 to 2008. The tables contain information on the post-Hohokam Expressway projects from SSI's Pueblo Grande Cultural Park Testing project to ACS' Lightrail Preconstruction project. The Master Provenance Table lists project names and numbers, the unit number(s) for each project, the provenience designation (PD) numbers used during each project, and the feature numbers used during each project. The Feature Number Assignments table lists the feature numbers used during all projects AFTER the Hohokam Expressway project.