417 results on '"Hand arm"'
Search Results
2. Hand-Arm Vibration Controls for Jackleg Rock Drills: a Pilot Study Assessing Ergonomic Hazards
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Daniel A. Autenrieth, Ciara Kremer, Scott Rosenthal, Dave Gilkey, and Theresa Stack
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Drill ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Mechanical Engineering ,Maximum voluntary contraction ,Forearm muscle ,Metals and Alloys ,General Chemistry ,Glove use ,Electromyography ,equipment and supplies ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Article ,body regions ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Forearm ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Materials Chemistry ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Exertion ,Hand arm - Abstract
Jackleg drill operators are exposed to harmful levels of hand-arm vibration (HAV). Anti-vibration handles and gloves provide modest reductions in HAV exposures and forearm muscle exertion from the use of AV handles and gloves by jackleg drill operators. The goal of this pilot study was to investigate changes in HAV with the use of anti-vibration gloves and handles compared to forearm muscle exertion experienced by operators and measured with surface electromyography (EMG). Five subjects operated the drill under four different cases: no anti-vibration controls, anti-vibration gloves only, anti-vibration handle only, and simultaneous anti-vibration handle and glove use. Muscle exertion was expressed as a percent of maximum voluntary contraction (%MVC) and was compared using Welch’s ANOVA with Games-Howell post-hoc comparisons. The case with both anti-vibration controls in use simultaneously (largest grip diameter) was associated with a mean %MVC of 36.13% during operation for all forearm muscles combined, which was significantly higher than the other cases (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in mean HAV exposures. The anti-vibration handle with anti-vibration glove case only increased the maximum allowable exposure time by eight minutes as compared to the control case without any anti-vibration controls. These results suggest that the modest HAV exposure reductions from the use of anti-vibration handles and gloves may pale in comparison to the increased muscle exertion resulting from their use, and this tradeoff among jackleg drill operators is a potential concern that warrants further investigation.
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- 2021
3. A Review of Hand–Arm Vibration Studies Conducted by US NIOSH since 2000
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Daniel E. Welcome, Kristine Krajnak, John Z. Wu, Ren G. Dong, and Xueyan S. Xu
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medicine.medical_specialty ,QC1-999 ,hand–arm vibration ,hand-transmitted vibration ,Article ,Occupational safety and health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,vibration biodynamics ,Hand transmitted vibration ,vibration health effects ,Medicine ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,050107 human factors ,hand–arm vibration syndrome ,business.industry ,Physics ,05 social sciences ,General Medicine ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Additional research ,Vibration ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,Vibration exposure ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Studies on hand-transmitted vibration exposure, biodynamic responses, and biological effects were conducted by researchers at the Health Effects Laboratory Division (HELD) of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) during the last 20 years. These studies are systematically reviewed in this report, along with the identification of areas where additional research is needed. The majority of the studies cover the following aspects: (i) the methods and techniques for measuring hand-transmitted vibration exposure; (ii) vibration biodynamics of the hand–arm system and the quantification of vibration exposure; (iii) biological effects of hand-transmitted vibration exposure; (iv) measurements of vibration-induced health effects; (iv) quantification of influencing biomechanical effects; and (v) intervention methods and technologies for controlling hand-transmitted vibration exposure. The major findings of the studies are summarized and discussed.
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- 2021
4. Hand–arm vibration and outcomes of surgery for Dupuytren’s contracture
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Nicholas D. Clement, Paul H C Stirling, Jane E McEachan, Nathan Ng, Paul J. Jenkins, and Andrew D. Duckworth
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Occupational disease ,Vibration ,Preoperative care ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patient satisfaction ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,medicine ,Humans ,Dupuytren's contracture ,030203 arthritis & rheumatology ,030222 orthopedics ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Hand ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dupuytren Contracture ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Patient Satisfaction ,Upper limb ,Female ,Prospective research ,Contracture ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Background Dupuytren’s contracture was recently designated a prescribed occupational disease when it occurs in patients with previous hand–arm vibration (HAV) exposure. Aims The aims of this study were to describe the impact of self-reported HAV exposure on upper limb function and satisfaction following surgery for Dupuytren’s contracture. Methods Paired pre- and postoperative Quick version of Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) and patient satisfaction questionnaires were prospectively collected from all patients undergoing surgery for Dupuytren’s contracture over a 6-year period. Patients self-reported HAV exposure duration. Results Results were available for 425 hands (65%) at mean 13 months postoperatively. There were 111 patients (26%) that reported HAV exposure. The prevalence of HAV exposure was significantly greater in male compared with female patients (32% versus 4%; P < 0.001). A statistically significant difference in preoperative (difference 7.47; 95% confidence interval 4.78–10.17; P < 0.001) and postoperative QuickDASH score (difference 6.78; 95% confidence interval 2.69–10.88; P < 0.001) was observed between the two groups, but difference in QuickDASH improvement was not significantly different (difference 1.76; 95% confidence interval −1.58 to 5.10; P > 0.05). No significant difference in satisfaction rate or return to work was observed between the two groups. Conclusions Previous HAV exposure influenced the pre and postoperative function in patients undergoing surgery for Dupuytren’s contracture, but had no effect on satisfaction or return to work. Further prospective research will be required to determine whether the introduction of a compensatory framework will have a more profound effect on the functional outcomes of surgery.
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- 2021
5. Exposure to Hand-Arm Vibration in the Australian Workforce
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Lin Fritschi, Warwick Williams, Matthew J Pugliese, Elinor Ytterstad, Jane Heyworth, Hans Pettersson, Kate Lewkowski, Kahlia McCausland, and Ian Li
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Male ,business.industry ,Australia ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Psychological intervention ,Vibration ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Telephone survey ,03 medical and health sciences ,Engineering controls ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,0302 clinical medicine ,Occupational Exposure ,Environmental health ,Exposure reduction ,Workforce ,Humans ,Medicine ,Working population ,Female ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,Hand arm ,Exposure assessment - Abstract
ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of hand-arm vibration (HAV) in Australian workplaces.MethodsThe Australian Workplace Exposure Survey (AWES)—Hearing was a cross-sectional telephone survey of Australian workers conducted in 2016–2017. Respondents were asked about the time spent using tools or performing tasks known to be associated with HAV during their most recent working day. We created a library of HAV magnitude levels for each tool/task and estimated each worker’s daily HAV exposure level using standard formulae. We categorized each worker as to whether they exceeded the daily occupational limits of 2.5 and 5.0 m/s2. Results were extrapolated to the Australian working population using a raked weighting method.ResultsIn our sample of 4991 workers, 5.4% of men and 0.7% of women exceeded the HAV action limit of 2.5 m/s2 on their most recent working day. We estimate that 3.8% of the Australian workforce exceeds the HAV limit of 2.5 m/s2 and 0.8% exceeds the 5 m/s2 limit. Men were more likely to exceed the HAV limits than women, as were those with trade qualifications, and those who worked in remote locations. Workers in the construction, farming, and automobile industries had the highest prevalence of HAV exposure. Tool groups that contributed to higher exposure levels included: compactors, rollers, and tampers; power hammers and jackhammers; and underground mining equipment.ConclusionsHAV is common in the Australian working population. Given the health risks associated with this exposure, reduction strategies and interventions should be developed, with engineering controls as the starting point for exposure reduction strategies.
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- 2021
6. Hand-arm vibration on dentists using ready reckoner: A cross-sectional study
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Aster Shail Vas, Shubhalakshmi, Apoorva, and Manjula Suvarna
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Vibration ,business.industry ,Cross-sectional study ,Environmental health ,Limit value ,Exposure action value ,Medicine ,Human factors and ergonomics ,Context (language use) ,business ,Hand arm ,Exposure assessment - Abstract
Context: Rising incidence of hand-arm vibration on dentists is an increasing concern in India. The purpose of this study is to investigate the dose-response relationship derived using ready reckoner and to identify the most practicable exposure action and limit value measure that can be collected to aid in the health assessment of dentists exposed to hand-arm vibration. Aims: The objective of this research is to determine the magnitude of vibration transmitted per day among dentists exposed to the vibrating hand-held tools; To determine the association of the magnitude of vibration transmission with duration of usage and to determine the proportion of Exposure Action Value (EAV) and Exposure Limit Value (ELV) among dentists. Methods and Materials: Using a cross-sectional analysis, this study analyzed the incidence of hand-arm vibration on 92 dentists and measured these results with a ready reckoner. Statistical analysis used: Chi-Square Test was used to test the association of vibration exposure with selected parameters that is of interest such as years of experience, duration of work, vibration magnitude of the instrument. Results: The proximity of middle-aged dentists with more than or equal to 10 years of working experience were found to play a huge role in exposure to hand-arm vibration. Conclusions: This study definitely answers the questions regarding the exposure to hand-arm vibration on dentists. This could be minimized reducing exposure times, health surveillance, improved handpieces and other equipment and improving the overall ergonomics of the workplace. Keywords: Dentistry, Exposure assessment, Handarm vibration, Health surveillance.
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- 2021
7. Hand‐Arm Vibration
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Christopher M. Nelson
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Vibration ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Risk Control ,medicine ,Carpal tunnel syndrome ,medicine.disease ,Psychology ,Hand arm - Published
- 2021
8. Machine Learning approach towards real time assessment of hand-arm vibration risk
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Islam Abusohyon, Antonio Padovano, Antonella Certa, Francesco Longo, and Giuseppe Aiello
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Vibration ,Learning classifier system ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Computer science ,Time windows ,business.industry ,Wearable computer ,Artificial intelligence ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,business ,computer ,Hand arm - Abstract
In industry 4,0, the establishment of an interconnected environment where human operators cooperate with the machines offers the opportunity for substantially improving the ergonomics and safety conditions of the workplace. This topic is discussed in the paper referring to the vibration risk, which is a well-known cause of work-related pathologies. A wearable device has been developed to collect vibration data and to segment the signals obtained in time windows. A machine learning classifier is then proposed to recognize the worker’s activity and to evaluate the exposure to vibration risks. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the methodology proposed.
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- 2021
9. Study of Hand Arm Vibration in VNMKV Developed Power Weeder
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A. D. Harkal, G. S. Bhumare, and P. A. Munde
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Vibration ,Computer science ,Automotive engineering ,Hand arm ,Power (physics) - Published
- 2020
10. Analysis of Vibration Transmitted from Grinding Machine to Hand Arm System
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A. A. Panchwadkar and Neha Shinde
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Vibration ,Software ,Vibration transmission ,Computer science ,business.industry ,business ,Maximum amplitude ,Simulation ,Displacement (vector) ,Grinding ,Hand arm ,Power (physics) - Abstract
From power hand tools to hand-arm systems, there are many occupational diseases associated with vibration transmission. People who have worked for a long time with the formal exposure of vibration companies suffer from trembling white fingers (VWF). These hazards are mainly due to the extreme exposure of vibrations spread from the grinding machine to the hand-held system. International standards have been developed to assess the risk of injury after exposure to these types of vibrations. The current standards recognize that aspects such as the effect of vibration transmission direction, arm posture, hand grip or force need to be investigated. The mathematical model of five DOF hand arm system was studied and simulation was done by using SIMULINK software. Displacement verses Time graphs were plotted to find at what frequency maximum amplitude existed and it was seen at frequency 10 Hz
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- 2020
11. A Machine Learning Approach to Hand-Arm Motion Prediction for Active Upper Extremity Occupational Exoskeleton Devices
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Donald R. Peterson, Hasan Ferdowsi, Christopher Wolfe, and Simon Kudernatsch
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Medical Terminology ,Computer science ,Motion prediction ,Exoskeleton Device ,Simulation ,Medical Assisting and Transcription ,Hand arm - Abstract
Exoskeleton devices are currently being utilized in a variety of occupational settings to reduce musculoskeletal efforts to lower fatigue, improve performance, and minimize work-related injuries associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The intrinsic challenges that accompany the development of fully supporting and active upper extremity multi-degrees of freedom (DOF) devices include not only the mechanical design, but also lack of an intuitive way to control and operate these devices. A proof-of-concept instrumented handle consisting an embedded sensor network was developed with the intention to utilize artificial neural networks (ANN) to properly identify the intended motion of the user and to estimate the motion intensity. Results show this method is feasible and delivers useful insight into developing the next stages of the “smart handle” technology that will include the remaining hand motions, correctly classifying combination of intended motions and using the handle output to control complex multi-DOF upper extremity exoskeletons devices.
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- 2020
12. A job rotation‐scheduling model for blue‐collar employees' hand–arm vibration levels in manufacturing firms
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Aylin Adem and Metin Dağdeviren
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Vibration ,Work organization ,Computer science ,Blue collar ,Scheduling (production processes) ,Manufacturing firms ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Job rotation ,Operations management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Occupational safety and health ,Hand arm - Abstract
© 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLCJob rotation schedules are generally conducted without considering hand–arm vibration (HAV) exposure especially in manufacturing firms, such as heavy industry, which confront ergonomic risks easily. This does not create any occupational health and safety (OHS) issues in the short term; however, certain occupational diseases such as the white finger disease are inevitable in the long-term. This paper investigates how the risks of developing HAV-related occupational diseases can be minimized by producing optimal job rotation schedules using ergonomic mathematical models. In the proposed models, both ergonomic and traditional aspects of manufacturing environments are considered. Moreover, the skill level and workers' day off preferences are also considered for total system efficiency. The mixed-integer programming approach is used to formulate the models. The applicability of the models is tested using real-world data. It is seen that the total assignment cost of the models increases when the ergonomic aims are included in the models. Thus, there is a conflicting relationship between economic and ergonomic aims. The main findings of the models show that the employees' HAV exposure level can be kept under control with one simple constraint. By employing these models, employees and employers can be protected in terms of not only OHS but also economic issues.
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- 2020
13. The Influence of Self-Reported Hand–Arm Vibration Exposure on Functional Outcomes Following Carpal Tunnel Release
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Paul H C Stirling, Paul J. Jenkins, Andrew D. Duckworth, Nicholas D. Clement, and Jane E McEachan
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medicine.medical_specialty ,viruses ,030230 surgery ,Vibration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Patient satisfaction ,Quality of life ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Carpal tunnel release ,Humans ,Medicine ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Prospective Studies ,030222 orthopedics ,Multivariable linear regression ,business.industry ,Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ,Cohort ,Quality of Life ,Physical therapy ,Surgery ,Self Report ,Vibration exposure ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Purpose This study describes the impact of self-reported hand–arm vibration (HAV) exposure on patient-reported outcomes, health-related quality of life, and satisfaction after carpal tunnel release. Methods We prospectively collected data from Quick–Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (QuickDASH), patient satisfaction, and 5-level EuroQol-5D questionnaires before and after surgery. Patient-reported outcomes were available for 475 patients (78% follow-up at a mean of 14 months). Fifteen patients were excluded, giving a final cohort of 460 patients. Results A total of 119 patients reported HAV exposure (26%). Median postoperative QuickDASH and QuickDASH improvement were significantly worse in the HAV-exposed group, although both groups improved after surgery. Multivariable linear regression revealed a significantly worse postoperative score and change in QuickDASH in HAV-exposed patients. There was no difference in satisfaction, but after surgery, the 5-level EuroQol-5D score was significantly worse in HAV-exposed patients. Conclusions Carpal tunnel release in HAV-exposed patients results in a significantly lower improvement in self-reported disability compared with patients without HAV exposure. This study provides important prognostic information for patients with previous HAV exposure undergoing carpal tunnel release. Type of study/level of evidence Prognostic III.
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- 2020
14. The Association Between Occupational Exposure to Hand–Arm Vibration and Hearing Loss: A Systematic Literature Review
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J.D. Michael H.Weier
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hearing loss ,Review Article ,White finger ,Audiology ,Vibration ,Raynaud ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Noise exposure ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Association (psychology) ,Chemical Health and Safety ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,Confounding ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Systematic review ,Hand-arm vibration ,Worker health ,Occupational exposure ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Safety Research ,Hand arm - Abstract
Background Hearing loss is one of the most prevalent worker health conditions worldwide. Although the effect of noise exposure on hearing is well researched, other workplace exposures may account for significant hearing loss. The aim of this review was to determine whether occupational hand–arm vibration exposure through use of power or pneumatic tools, independent of noise exposure, is associated with permanent hearing loss. Do workers suffer from hand–arm vibration–induced hearing loss? Methods Peer-reviewed articles published in English between 1981 and 2020 were identified through five online databases with five search keywords. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, including online database search methodology, study selection, article exclusion, and assessment of potential study design confounders and biases, were followed. Results Database searches retrieved 697 articles. Fifteen articles that reported 17 studies met the criteria for review. All but two studies revealed statistically significant associations between occupational exposure to hand–arm vibration and hearing loss. The majority of the study results revealed associations between hand–arm vibration and hearing loss, independent of potential age and noise confounders. Conclusion Few studies have examined the association between occupational exposure to hand–arm vibration and hearing loss. Dose response data were limited as only one study measured vibration intensity and duration. Although the majority of studies identified statistically significant associations, causal relationships could not be determined. Further research using standardized and uniform measurement protocols is needed to confirm whether the association between occupational exposure to hand–arm vibration and permanent hearing loss is causal and the mechanism(s).
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- 2020
15. Numerical Estimation of the Hand-Arm System Joints Reactions Caused by an Impact Based On Anthropometric Data
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Adina Negrea and Ioana Iuliana Busuioceanu
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Process equipment ,Anthropometric data ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,General Engineering ,Mechanical engineering ,General Chemistry ,General Medicine ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Petrochemistry ,Materials Chemistry ,Numerical estimation ,General Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics ,Hand arm - Abstract
This paper is concerned with the numerical analysis of the equations given by the mechanics of the impact of a ball and a hand-arm system for two potential subjects male and female. The influence of the mass of the ball and its velocity on the values of the hand-arm joints reactions is studied.
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- 2020
16. Assessment of transmissibility of hand-arm vibration, noise exposure, and shift in hearing threshold among handicraft operatives’: a cross-sectional study
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Ashish Kumar Singh, Sougata Karmakar, Makkhan Lal Meena, and Himanshu Chaudhary
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,021103 operations research ,Absolute threshold of hearing ,business.industry ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,02 engineering and technology ,Audiology ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Transmissibility (vibration) ,Vibration ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Noise exposure ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Handicraft ,medicine ,Vibration transmissibility ,High frequency vibration ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
The study aimed to assess the hand-arm vibration (HAV), noise exposure, and shift in hearing threshold (SHT) due to the prolonged use of hand tools used in three different handicraft occupations. D...
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- 2020
17. Dose–response relationship between hand–arm vibration exposure and vibrotactile thresholds among roadworkers
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Bente Ulvestad, Karl-Christian Nordby, Karl Færden, Lars-Kristian Lunde, and Thomas Clemm
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construction ,occupational health practice ,Adult ,Male ,hygiene / occupational hygiene ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Exposure Assessment ,Exposure action value ,Fifth fingers ,Cumulative Exposure ,Audiology ,Vibration ,Fingers ,03 medical and health sciences ,Vibration perception ,0302 clinical medicine ,Occupational Exposure ,Statistical significance ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,Norway ,business.industry ,Construction Industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Middle Aged ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Dose–response relationship ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,Linear Models ,Female ,neurophysiology ,Vibration exposure ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Environmental Monitoring ,Hand arm - Abstract
BackgroundTesting of vibration perception threshold (VPT) at the fingertips as a quantitative measure of tactile sensitivity is a commonly used tool in diagnosing hand–arm vibration syndrome. There is limited research on dose–response relationships between hand–arm vibration (HAV) exposure and VPT on an individual level.AimsAssess possible dose–response relationships on an individual level between HAV exposure and VPT at the fingertips.MethodsWe assessed average daily vibration exposure (m/s2A8) and cumulative lifetime HAV exposure for 104 participants from different departments in a road maintenance company based on vibration measurements and questionnaires. VPT was measured based on the technical method described in ISO 13091-1:2005 using octave frequencies 8–500 Hz. We investigated associations using linear regression models with significance level p≤0.05.ResultsThe participants were either exposed to rock drills (n=33), impact wrenches (n=52) or none of these tools (n=19). Exposure to rock drills and impact wrenches was associated with elevated VPT for all seven test frequencies in the second and fifth fingers of both hands. A dose–response with the daily exposure measure m/s2(A8) was found based on 1.2 m/s2(A8) for impact wrenches, and 5.4 m/s2(A8) for rock drills. A stronger association was found with the cumulative exposure for rock drills compared with impact wrenches, and for the second finger compared with the fifth finger.ConclusionsHAV exposure was associated with elevated VPT, also at exposure levels below the common exposure action value of 2.5 m/s2(A8). Lowering the HAV exposure can contribute to prevent increasing VPTs in these workers.
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- 2020
18. Effectiveness of Hand-Arm Bimanual Intensive Therapy on Hand Function among Children with Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Meta-Analysis
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Debjani Mukherjee, Khalid A. Alahmari, Devika Rani Sangadala, Jaya Shanker Tedla, Ravi Shankar Reddy, Kalyana Chakravarthy Bairapareddy, and Praveen Kumar Kandakurti
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Hand function ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Unilateral spastic cerebral palsy ,law.invention ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Neurology ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Meta-analysis ,Intensive therapy ,medicine ,Spastic ,Neurology (clinical) ,Habit ,business ,Hand arm ,media_common - Abstract
Background: Hand-arm bimanual intensive therapy (HABIT) has been shown to be an effective method for improving upper-extremity function. However, owing to ambiguity within the evidence of HABIT’s effects on hand function among children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (CP), this meta-analysis sought to elucidate whether the same was true in this patient population. Summary: A computerized database search yielded 468 studies. After meticulous scrutiny and screening of these studies according to the selection criteria, 4 full-text articles were included in the meta-analysis. All 4 studies underwent a methodological quality assessment according to the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro), with a score of greater than 8. Five comparisons were then made involving the 4 selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The effect size was measured using the correlation coefficient (r value). The effect sizes of the individual studies were 0.006, 0.03, 0.04, 0.22, and 0.15. The total effect size was 0.06. Key Message: This meta-analysis determined that there is a trivial benefit using HABIT when compared to constraint-induced movement therapy or structured and unstructured bimanual therapy in pediatric patients with unilateral spastic CP. More RCTs are needed to substantiate our evidence.
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- 2020
19. Investigation of Correlation of Excavator Operators’ Hand-Arm Vibration Exposure with Produced Rock Physical-Mechanical Properties in Natural Stone Quarries
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Ali Ekrem Aritan
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Natural stone ,Mechanical Engineering ,Metals and Alloys ,General Chemistry ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Vibration ,Excavator ,Compressive strength ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Rock mechanics ,Materials Chemistry ,Knoop hardness test ,Geotechnical engineering ,Vibration exposure ,Hand arm - Abstract
Exposure to hand-arm vibration (HAV) among the labor force in the mining industry can result in permanent vibration diseases such as behavioral disorders, visual impairment, osteoporosis, pain (mostly in the hands, wrists, and shoulders), circulatory system disorders, and malnutrition. In this study, the vibration exposure of excavator operators working regularly in 25 different natural stone quarries was measured. In addition, the relationship between vibration exposure and rock properties was investigated. Gloved and ungloved vibration measurements were performed and revealed that antivibration gloves reduce excavator operators’ vibration exposure by 7.10–25.95%. Samples from each quarry were characterized with rock mechanics tests. The correlations between the hand-arm vibration measurements and the natural stone physical–mechanical properties (uniaxial compressive strength, Shore hardness, Knoop hardness, apparent density and total porosity) were determined to be over 70%. One finding of the study was that the health risk in excavators cannot be reduced sufficiently by the sole use of antivibration gloves. Furthermore, the excavation of any rock with a Knoop hardness above 121 is associated with an 81% risk of HAV. To increase awareness of the danger of vibration exposure for natural stone miners, training programs should be provided, and technical and operational changes should be implemented.
- Published
- 2019
20. An Exploratory Study Comparing the Hand Arm Vibration Exposures Measured from Bucking Bars using Traditional Tool-mounted Accelerometers and Wrist Worn IMUs
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Livia Anderson, Richard G. Gardner, Per G. Reinhall, Szymon Sarnowicz, Riley HansonSmith, Wadih Zaklit, Peter Johnson, Cassidy Quigley, and Hyoung Frank Ryou
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Medical Terminology ,Vibration ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Computer science ,Bar (music) ,Acoustics ,Measure (physics) ,medicine ,Exploratory research ,Wrist ,Accelerometer ,Medical Assisting and Transcription ,Hand arm - Abstract
This controlled, exploratory laboratory study was conducted to measure hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposures when using a bucking bar fitted with three different handles: 1) a typical plastic handle, 2) a similarly designed handle with an aluminum core and a built-in dampening spring, and 3) a steel core handle with the same built-in spring. Using two experienced machinists, tri-axial HAV exposures were measured at the bucking bar handles; small, battery-powered, self-contained Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs) were used to measure the vibration transmitted through the tool operator’s left and right arms; and a wearable device worn on the operator’s right wrist estimated the HAV exposures occurring at the tool handle. The plastic handle produced the highest HAV exposures while the aluminum-spring and steel spring handles reduced exposures by 19% and 39%, respectively. On average, 74%, 65% and 40% of the tool-measured vibration was transmitted to the right hand, forearm and upper arm, respectively. The wrist mounted sensor appeared to accurately estimate HAV exposures measured at the hand-tool interface.
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- 2019
21. Analysis of induced vibrations to the hand-arm system during badminton practice
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A.M. Amaro, L. Roseiro, M.A. Neto, S. Nolasco, and M.A. Castro
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Vibration ,Physics ,business.industry ,Structural engineering ,business ,Hand arm - Published
- 2021
22. Hand-arm vibration in the pass and reception on basketball
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A. Cavaleiro, A.M. Amaro, M.A. Neto, M.A. Castro, and L. Roseiro
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Vibration ,Basketball ,Computer science ,Acoustics ,Hand arm - Published
- 2021
23. Measurement of the Hand Transmitted Vibration of the Human Hand Arm System During Operation of a Hand Tractor
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Changming Chen, Jun Ding, Kun Song, Rui Jiang, Xia Huang, Shi-qing Lu, Xinyi Xiao, and Yong Li
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Male ,Tractor ,business.product_category ,Hand Strength ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Computer science ,General Chemical Engineering ,General Neuroscience ,Acoustics ,Vibration source ,Hand ,Vibration ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Hand pressure ,Hand transmitted vibration ,Vibration response ,Humans ,Vibration transmissibility ,Female ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Operators of hand tractors are exposed to high levels of hand transmitted vibration (HTV). This vibration, which can be both irksome and hazardous to human health, is imparted to the operator via his or her hands and arms. However, a standardized method for measuring HTV of hand tractors has yet to be defined. The aim of the study was to present an experimental method for the investigation of the biodynamic response and vibration transmissibility of the hand-arm system during the operation of a hand tractor in a stationary mode. Measurements were performed with ten subjects using three grip forces and three handle vibration levels to examine the influences of the hand pressure and frequency on hand transmitted vibration (HTV). The results indicate that the tightness of grip on the handle influences the vibration response of the hand-arm system, especially at frequencies between 20 and 100 Hz. The transmission of lower frequencies in the hand-arm system was relatively unattenuated. In comparison, attenuation was found to be quite marked for higher frequencies during the operation of the hand tractor. The vibration transmissibility to different parts of the hand-arm system decreased with the increase of the distance from the vibration source. The proposed methodology contributes to the collection of consistent data for the evaluation of operator vibration exposure and the ergonomics development of hand tractors.
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- 2021
24. Characterizing vibration responses of a handheld workpiece and the hand–arm system
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Hansheng Lin, Christopher Warren, Qingsong Chen, Bin Xiao, Ren G. Dong, Daniel E. Welcome, Thomas W. McDowell, and Xueyan S. Xu
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Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Control engineering systems. Automatic machinery (General) ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,05 social sciences ,Acoustics. Sound ,QC221-246 ,Building and Construction ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Vibration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Geophysics ,Mechanics of Materials ,TJ212-225 ,Effective method ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Mobile device ,050107 human factors ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Hand arm - Abstract
The objective of this study is to characterize the vibration responses of a handheld workpiece and the hand–arm system, which is an important step toward identifying and developing effective methods and technologies for controlling the vibration exposures to workers performing the grinding of handheld workpieces. This study established a method for measuring the vibration responses of the entire workpiece–hand–arm system; the vibration exposure of a worker holding and pressing a typical workpiece against a sanding belt or grinding wheel in order to shape the workpiece was simulated. This method was applied to measure the apparent mass and vibration transmissibility of the system under two different feed forces (15 N and 30 N) and six simulated grinding interfaces with different stiffness values. A major resonance was observed in each transmissibility spectrum of the workpiece, which was correlated with the major resonance of the impedance of the entire system. This resonant frequency depended primarily on the workpiece mass and the grinding interface stiffness, but the hand–arm system could substantially affect the resonance magnitude. The feed force also significantly affected the resonance frequency and magnitude. While increasing the feed force increased the overall vibration transmissibility on the hand–arm system, the transmissibility with respect to the workpiece was not significantly affected by the interface conditions. The implications of the results are discussed.
- Published
- 2021
25. Development and evaluation of attachable anti-vibration handle
- Author
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Jashwant Thota, Eunsik Kim, Kyongwon Kim, and Andris Freivalds
- Subjects
Computer science ,Consumer demand ,fungi ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Hand ,Vibration ,Automotive engineering ,Vibration syndrome ,media_common.cataloged_instance ,Humans ,Muscle activity ,European union ,Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality ,Engineering (miscellaneous) ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,Hand arm ,media_common - Abstract
Blueberry production has skyrocketed in the past two decades due to an exponential increase in consumer demand around the world. Hand harvesters are used, avoiding damage to the fruit and increasing harvesting efficiency multifold when compared with that of hand-picking. The downside of these hand harvesters is their high Hand Arm Vibration (HAV), which is very dangerous for the worker and can cause hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). The aim of this study is to propose a spring-based anti-vibration handle that can be attached to vibrating equipment (blueberry hand harvester). Four different parameters were measured for the developed spring-based handles: hand arm vibration, wrist posture, muscle activity, and subjective discomfort rating. Results have shown that the use of a spring-based handle can reduce HAV by 61.1%, which is within the exposure limit values (ELV) defined by the European Union.
- Published
- 2021
26. Grass trimmer hand-arm vibration reduction using multi-axial vibration absorber
- Author
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Sushil S Patil
- Subjects
Materials science ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,Modal analysis ,05 social sciences ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Vibration ,Dynamic Vibration Absorber ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,General Materials Science ,Multi axial ,Reduction (mathematics) ,Trimmer ,010301 acoustics ,050107 human factors ,Hand arm ,Petrol engine - Abstract
In this investigation, the novel multi-axial vibration absorber is proposed to reduce the handle vibration of petrol engine grass trimmer. The proposed vibration absorber is designed using Dunkerley’s equation and fabricated for testing. The experimental modal analysis of absorber is conducted to find resonance frequencies of the absorber and to validate the results obtained from equations. The experimental tests are carried on grass trimmer with absorber attached near handle location to find effectiveness of absorber in reducing hand-arm vibrations in the x, y and z directions. The result indicated that the total vibration value measured at the handle of grass trimmer is reduced by substantial level with the attachment of multi-axial vibration absorber.
- Published
- 2019
27. Influence of handle shape and size to reduce the hand-arm vibration discomfort
- Author
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B. Jain A. R. Tony, M.S. Alphin, and Duraisamy Velmurugan
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Computer science ,Pain ,Perceived exertion ,Wrist ,Handling, Psychological ,03 medical and health sciences ,Qualitative feedback ,0302 clinical medicine ,Hand transmitted vibration ,Vibration syndrome ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,050107 human factors ,Simulation ,05 social sciences ,Rehabilitation ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Equipment Design ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Vibration ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hand arm - Abstract
Background Non-automated tool handles transmit a large magnitude of vibration to operators' hands, causing discomfort and pain. Therefore, the need for a better handle design is a matter of prime concern to overcome musculoskeletal disorders such as hand-arm vibration syndrome. Objective This study aimed to examine the influence of handle shapes in reducing the transmission of hand-arm vibration. Methods Seven different handles were designed and fabricated using 3D printing technology at the SSN College of Engineering, with consideration for the anatomical shape of the hand. The frequency-weighted Root Mean Square (RMS) values of the vibration levels transmitted were recorded at the wrist of twelve subjects, unaffected by musculoskeletal disorders. Subjective ratings of vibration and comfort perception were measured using the Borg Scale of Perceived Exertion. Results The total vibration value (ahv) of each of the six novel prototype handles (B-G) was compared to that of the reference handle denoted handle-A. The vibration reductions for handles B to G respectively were 0.542 m/s2 (14.59%), 0.481 m/s2 (12.95%), 0.351 m/s2 (9.45%), 0.270 m/s2 (7.27%), 0.407 m/s2 (10.96%) and 0.192 m/s2 (5.17%). Conclusions A significant level of vibration reduction was achieved by the prototype handles. Qualitative feedback from the study subjects suggests that they were not aware of the levels of vibration being transmitted to the hand with each handle.
- Published
- 2019
28. Elite mountain bike enduro competition: a study of rider hand-arm vibration exposure
- Author
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Lewis Adam Kirkwood, Mark D Taylor, Geraint Florida-James, Lesley A Ingram, and Eva Malone
- Subjects
Mountain biking ,education ,Enduro mountain bike, competition, hand-arm vibration exposure ,010501 environmental sciences ,QM Human anatomy ,01 natural sciences ,AI and Technologies ,Frequency weighting ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sports sciences ,Environmental health ,Environmental science ,National level ,612 Human physiology ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Vibration exposure ,human activities ,Exposure data ,Engineering Research Group ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Hand arm - Abstract
Limited information is currently available regarding the hand-arm vibration (HAV) exposure 5 for professional off-road cyclists. Previous reports have suggested that commuting and 6 recreational cyclists are at risk of exceeding exposure limit values (ELV) in a single ride. 7 Therefore, further investigation of HAV exposure in competitive mountain biking is 8 warranted. Partial and total eight hour exposure data (Ai(8), A(8), ms⁻²) were computed for a 9 national level mountain bike enduro competitions. Hand-arm vibrations were measured using 10 a tri-axial accelerometer recording at a frequency of 3.2 kHz mounted on the handlebar and 11 accelerations were quantified after frequency weighting filters were applied (Wh). The data 12 presented shows that HAV exposure during one day of competitive enduro mountain bike 13 racing exceeds ELV (mean race exposure = 5.84 ms⁻² , minimum = 5.47ms⁻² , maximum = 14 6.61ms⁻²) and is greater than the HAV exposure observed in recreational cycling. This 15 suggests that further work is required to determine the exposure associated with changes in 16 equipment, technique and international racing events in professional athletes.
- Published
- 2019
29. Scottish cycling pavement assessment using hand–arm vibration exposure
- Author
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RaineMatthew, EdgarAlan, and TaylorMark D
- Subjects
Public Administration ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Transportation ,Building and Construction ,Current asset ,Automotive engineering ,Path (graph theory) ,Quality (business) ,Vibration exposure ,Cycling ,Safety Research ,media_common ,Hand arm - Abstract
A defective pavement surface discourages cyclists from selecting certain routes, and vibration exposure is a noticeable consequence of reduced path surface quality. Current asset management practice includes walkover surveys and cyclists reporting defects directly to the local authority. This research proposes the use of an instrumented probe bicycle to collect data for the assessment of pavement condition and rider comfort. Furthermore, the collection of hand–arm vibration exposure data is proposed as a means of assessing pavement surface condition and suitability. Hand–arm vibration exposure has been measured in compliance with BS EN ISO 5349-1:2001. Root-mean-square vibration total values, vibration dose value and exposure values (15, 30 and 60 min) are provided for 13·682 km of pavement surface in Edinburgh, Scotland. The vibration exposure values are compared to those recommended by EU Directive 2002/44/EC. Power spectral analysis is also performed to determine the power transferred to the cyclist’s hands and arms. The collated vibration data may be used as a means of assessing pavement surface condition. Such data may prove beneficial for local authority asset management associated with resurfacing or repair works.
- Published
- 2019
30. A Human-Based Study of Hand–Arm Vibration Exposure Limits for Construction Workers
- Author
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Jian Qiao Sun, Siu Kai Lai, Jerry Chui, and L.H. Tong
- Subjects
Chronic exposure ,Health and safety executive ,Occupational risk ,Context (language use) ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Occupational safety and health ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Work (electrical) ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Business ,Vibration exposure ,Hand arm - Abstract
In many developed countries and cities, the construction industry, which is a major economic pillar, is expanding at a rapid pace. In this context, the use of construction machines and vibrating tools for various construction activities is indispensable. With the increasing use of handheld vibrating equipment, construction workers are exposed to hand-arm vibration (HAV), which is a serious occupational risk for those who work with vibrating tools and machinery that cause vibration damage to the fingers, hands and arms. Long-term and chronic exposure to HAV, it may induce hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS), resulting in vascular, neurological and musculoskeletal disorders. HAVS causes permanent and irreversible damage, leading to a high level of disability and work impairment. Due to its severity, a pilot study of HAV is revisited in accordance with the existing exposure points system from the UK’s Health and Safety Executive. Two important factors are considered, namely worker’s age and local climate (e.g., temperature and humidity). A simple idea is proposed to optimize the applicability of the exposure points system to different age groups and climates. The findings of this human-based study may be used as a practical reference for policymakers and contractors.
- Published
- 2019
31. A parallel between the seven measurement methods of vibration transmitted to the hand-arm sistem
- Author
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Laurențiu Picu and Mihaela Picu
- Subjects
Vibration ,Measurement method ,Computer science ,Acoustics ,Aerospace Engineering ,Hand arm - Published
- 2018
32. Clinical effect and mechanism of acupuncture and moxibustion on occupational hand-arm vibration disease: A retrospective study
- Author
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Lihua Xia, Qifeng Wu, Zifang Zeng, Qingfeng Liu, and Yong Huang
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Retrospective cohort study ,Moxibustion ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Complementary and alternative medicine ,Internal medicine ,Dash ,medicine ,Acupuncture ,Upper limb ,Effective treatment ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Vibration disease ,Hand arm - Abstract
Introduction This is a retrospective study exploring clinical effect of acupuncture and moxibustion on upper limb disorder induced by occupational hand-arm vibration disease (OHAVD), and preliminarily exploring mechanism of the effect. Methods 43 patients diagnosed with occupational HAVD were divided into experimental group (n = 21) and control group (n = 22). Before and after 4 weeks treatment, the occurrence of vibration-induced white finger(VWF) was observed, upper limb function was assessed using the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, based on which the DASH scores were determined, and the serum concentration of TNFα was detected using ELISA. Results Pre-treatment DASH score was not significantly different between two groups, but post-treatment score was significantly lower in experimental group than in control group (21.94 ± 5.79vs.35.87 ± 3.80, p Conclusions Combination of acupuncture and moxibustion may be an effective treatment for occupational HAVD, the mechanism is possibly related to reduction of the serum TNFα levels.
- Published
- 2018
33. Reduction in transfer of micro-organisms between patients and staff using short-sleeved gowns and hand/arm hygiene in Intensive Care during the Covid pandemic: a simulation-based randomised trial
- Author
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Claudia Salvagno, Enrico Sorrentino, Rose Baker, Laura Vincent, Louise Ma, Peter McCulloch, Kathryn Simpson, Laurie Earl, Joanne Kitchin, Jennie Wilson, Claire Pickering, and Mudathir Ibrahim
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Clinical trial ,McNemar's test ,Background current ,Hygiene ,Intensive care ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,Intubation ,business ,Simulation based ,Hand arm ,media_common - Abstract
BackgroundCurrent PPE practices in UK intensive care units involve “sessional” gown use. This protects staff, but puts patients at risk of nosocomial infection via PPE gowns. Anecdotal reports of such infections in ITUs during Covid are frequent. We therefore explored the use of short-sleeved gowns with hand and arm hygiene as an alternative to sessional gowns.MethodsITU Staff were invited for simulation suite training in Covid intubation and proning. They were trained in a specific hand and arm washing technique before performing simulated tasks using both standard and modified (short sleeved) PPE. Fluorescent powder was used to simulate micro-organisms, and detected using standardised photos under U/V light. Teams of staff were randomised to use standard or modified PPE first. Individuals were questioned about their feeling of personal safety, comfort and the patient’s safety at 4 intervals.Results68 staff and 17 proning volunteers were studied in 17 sessions. Modified PPE completely prevented staff contamination during Covid intubation, which occurred in 30/67 staff wearing standard PPE (p = 0.0029, McNemar). Conversely, proning volunteers were contaminated by staff in 15/17 sessions with standard PPE and in 1/17 with modified PPE (P = 0.0227 McNemar). Impressions of staff comfort were superior with modified PPE (p< 0.001, t-test); personal safety scored higher with standard PPE, but the difference decreased during the session (pConclusionsModified PPE using short sleeves and hand/arm cleansing appears superior to standard PPE with sessional gowns in preventing transfer of contamination between staff and patients. A clinical trial of this strategy is merited.
- Published
- 2021
34. VIBRATION EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT OF SAWMILLING OPERATIONS USING HAND- ARM-VIBRATION EXPOSURE ANALYSIS
- Author
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Oluwaseun Oluwagbemiga Ojo, W. A. Raheem, Abiola Olufemi Ajayeoba, Oluremilekun Ropo Oyetunji, and Adewoye Alade Olanipekun
- Subjects
Mechanics of Materials ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,Medicine ,Vibration exposure ,business ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Hand arm - Published
- 2021
35. Designing and utilizing 3D-printed skin incision guides during the first Dutch bilateral hand-arm transplantation
- Author
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Steven E.R. Hovius, Dietmar J.O. Ulrich, Stefan Hummelink, and Anne Sophie Kruit
- Subjects
3d printed ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Esthetics ,Time efficiency ,Hand Transplantation ,Context (language use) ,Anastomosis ,Patient Care Planning ,Surgical Flaps ,medicine ,Humans ,Netherlands ,Skin incision ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 17] ,Tendon ,Surgery ,Reconstructive and regenerative medicine Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 10] ,Transplantation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Preoperative Period ,Printing, Three-Dimensional ,Arm ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Contains fulltext : 241928.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Open Access) OBJECTIVE: To preoperatively plan skin incision in the case of the first Dutch bilateral hand-arm transplantation. BACKGROUND: A bilateral hand-arm transplantation has been performed for the first time in the Netherlands in 2019. In the context of preparation for this surgical procedure, the optimal patient-specific skin flap was determined. Skin flaps should be properly matched between donor and recipient to ensure sufficient tissue for the approximation of skin over the tendon anastomosis, adequate distal tip perfusion, and esthetics. METHODS: Preoperatively, stereophotogrammetry was obtained from the upper extremities of the patient and a volunteer with similar body physique. Skin flap dimensions were determined for each extremity, which resulted in patient-specific incision patterns. Combining this digital information yielded practical skin incision guides for both the donor and acceptor arms. Finally, the computer-aided designs were 3D printed. RESULTS: The 3D prints were convenient to utilize in both shaping the donor flaps as in preparing the acceptor extremities, taking only a few seconds during precious ischemia time. There was sufficient skin flap perfusion, and the wound-healing followed an uncomplicated course. No corrections were made to the initial skin incisions. CONCLUSIONS: Three-dimensional printed templates were successfully utilized in the first Dutch bilateral hand-arm transplantation. We believe its usage increased time efficiency, improved the match of skin flaps in donor and recipient arms, and allowed us to control the amount of skin surplus without skin flap tip necrosis. In these procedures where time is of the essence, we believe preoperative planning is imperative for its success.
- Published
- 2021
36. An Experimental Study of the Influence of Hand-Arm Posture and Grip Force on the Mechanical Impedance of Hand-Arm System
- Author
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Xinbo Ma, Dong Jiajun, Zheng Xu, Hongmei Xu, Qichao Wang, Wenjie Zhang, and Hang Li
- Subjects
Materials science ,Article Subject ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Mechanical impedance ,02 engineering and technology ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Condensed Matter Physics ,01 natural sciences ,Intensity (physics) ,Vibration ,020303 mechanical engineering & transports ,0203 mechanical engineering ,Mechanics of Materials ,0103 physical sciences ,Random vibration ,Peak value ,Grip force ,010301 acoustics ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,Hand arm - Abstract
In order to investigate the effects of hand-arm posture, grip force, push force, and vibration excitation intensity on the mechanical impedance of human hand-arm system, a test system with a self-developed vibration handle has been prepared. Based on the testing system, the mechanical impedance of the hand-arm system of seven Chinese adult males were tested and calculated under the random vibration excitation with the frequency of 10–1000 Hz. The results reveal that when the frequency is lower (100 Hz), the hand-arm posture seems to have no obvious effect on the mechanical impedance. Higher grip or push force would increase the frequency corresponding to the peak value of the mechanical impedance and often correspond to a higher mechanical impedance in a specific frequency range (30–200 Hz). When the frequency is lower (
- Published
- 2021
37. Hand-arm vibration exposure in rock drill workers. A comparison between measurements with hand-attached and tool-attached accelerometers
- Author
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Lars-Kristian Lunde, Magne Bråtveit, Bente Ulvestad, Karl-Christian Nordby, and Thomas Clemm
- Subjects
Computer science ,hand-transmitted vibration ,HAVS ,Accelerometer ,Vibration ,hand-arm vibration ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,exposure measurement ,Occupational Exposure ,Accelerometry ,Humans ,AcademicSubjects/MED00640 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Exposure measurement ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,hand-guided tools ,handheld ,Drill ,business.industry ,Significant difference ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Original Articles ,Structural engineering ,Hand ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,accelerometer ,Vibration sensor ,rock drills ,Vibration exposure ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Objectives To assess the hazard of tool vibrations, we need valid exposure measurements. The use of hand-attached accelerometers (vibration sensors) to measure hand-arm vibrations (HAVs) has become a popular approach. However, according to International Standard ISO 5349-2, the preferred attachment of accelerometers is at the tool handle. We compared measures of HAV between hand- and tool-attached accelerometers in rock drilling. Methods We measured HAV in five rock drillers using jackleg drills in normal working operations with simultaneous measures of both hand-attached and tool-attached accelerometers. Five to seven measurement cycles of 15 s were executed on each worker, resulting in a total of 29 measurement cycles. To identify possible differences in working technique, we recorded videos of tool handle handgrips during drilling. Results There was a significant difference (9.5 m s−2; P ≤ 0.05) in vibration magnitudes measured by the tool-attached accelerometers compared with the hand-attached accelerometers. The hand-attached accelerometer showed a lower vibration magnitude for all workers (range of difference: 2.3–14.6). The variation between the two accelerometer attachments was larger between workers than within workers (ICC = 0.68). Conclusions For measurements of HAV from jackleg drills, the use of hand-attached accelerometers may cause a lower recorded vibration level compared with tool-attached accelerometers. This difference is likely to vary depending on how workers grip the tool handle, and a misclassification of exposure will occur if workers grip the tool handle in a way that makes the accelerometer lose contact with the vibrating surface. Individual differences in how workers grip the tool handles should be considered when assessing HAV.
- Published
- 2021
38. Development of Damage-Free Hand–Arm System for Tomato Harvesting
- Author
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Pingping Li, Zhiguo Li, and Jizhan Liu
- Subjects
Harvesting - action ,Computer science ,Machine vision ,ComputerApplications_MISCELLANEOUS ,Control system ,Fruits and vegetables ,Key (cryptography) ,Robot ,Control engineering ,Manipulator ,Hand arm - Abstract
The harvesting robot is usually composed of mobile platform, manipulator, end-effector, vision system, and control system. The mobile harvesting operation of the fruits and vegetables needs complex coordination among different modules. As a hand–arm system which handles the fruit and vegetable targets directly, the principle of the harvesting action, the ability of perception and judgment, and the hand–arm coordination are the key to ensure the speedy damage-free harvesting. The development of new-principle and new-structure damage-free harvesting hand–arm system has important academic and practical significance.
- Published
- 2021
39. Development of wearable inertial sensors for measurement of hand arm tremors.
- Author
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Chan, Ping Yi and Ripin, Zaidi Mohd
- Abstract
This paper presents the development wearable inertial sensors in hand arm tremor measurement. Three inertial measurement units, each with a triaxial accelerometer and a triaxial gyroscope were strapped on hand, lower arm and upper arm respectively for tremor data acquisition. The measurement device was selected based on the specifications of the commonly found tremors, namely physiological tremor, parkinsonian tremor and essential tremor. The data acquisition and postprocessing of the tremor data were done in Labview environment. The acquired linear and angular data were used to compute the tremor quantification parameters. The tremor quantification parameters developed in this work were Teager energy and tremor motion in pronation-supination, flexion-extension and abduction-adduction. The proposed tremor quantification parameters and wearable inertial sensors have the potential to be used in diagnosis of tremors. One of the challenges faced in this work was to obtain accurate data postprocessing from all sensors which transfer data in serial. Further research is needed in exploring the potentials of the measurement system to be applied clinically and in modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2013
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40. EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TOOL TIMERS FOR ESTIMATION OF DAILY EXPOSURE TIME TO HAND-ARM VIBRATION
- Author
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A Hawker
- Subjects
Vibration ,Estimation ,Computer science ,Daily exposure ,Simulation ,Hand arm - Published
- 2020
41. CONSTRUCTION: BEST PRACTICE FOR CONTROL OF TODAY'S NOISE AND HAND-ARM VIBRATION EXPOSURES
- Author
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E Shanks
- Subjects
Vibration ,Noise ,Computer science ,Acoustics ,Control (management) ,Hand arm - Published
- 2020
42. Learning Object Manipulation with Dexterous Hand-Arm Systems from Human Demonstration
- Author
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Philipp Ruppel and Jianwei Zhang
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Artificial neural network ,Computer science ,Learning object ,020207 software engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Kinematics ,Trajectory optimization ,Object (computer science) ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Human–computer interaction ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Task analysis ,Robot ,Hand arm - Abstract
We present a novel learning and control framework that combines artificial neural networks with online trajectory optimization to learn dexterous manipulation skills from human demonstration and to transfer the learned behaviors to real robots. Humans can perform the demonstrations with their own hands and with real objects. An instrumented glove is used to record motions and tactile data. Our system learns neural control policies that generalize to modified object poses directly from limited amounts of demonstration data. Outputs from the neural policy network are combined at runtime with kinematic and dynamic safety and feasibility constraints as well as a learned regularizer to obtain commands for a real robot through online trajectory optimization. We test our approach on multiple tasks and robots.
- Published
- 2020
43. Measurement of the Biodynamic Response of the Hand-Arm System and Study of Its Influence on the Vibrational Response of the Steering Wheel
- Author
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luc laroche and Etienne Parizet
- Subjects
Vibration ,Physics ,Control theory ,Kinematics ,Steering wheel ,Hand arm - Published
- 2020
44. Impact of constraint therapy versus hand–arm bimanual intensive training on postural control during reaching and reaching quality: Randomized trial
- Author
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Mona Nabil Ayad, Hamada Ahmed Hamada, and Heba Aziz
- Subjects
Spastic hemiplegia ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Intensive training ,business.industry ,Psychological intervention ,Postural control ,Sitting ,law.invention ,Constraint-induced movement therapy ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Primary outcome ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Motion analysis ,Educación Física y Deportiva ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Hand arm - Abstract
Aim: To investigate the efficacy of Constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) versus Hand–arm bimanual intensive training (HABIT) on postural control during reaching with the affected arm and reaching quality in sitting children with hemiplegia. Methods: Forty-Two children; twenty normal children and twenty –two with spastic hemiplegia were recruited for participation in the study, hemiplegic children were randomized to the CIMT or HABIT group. Two hemiplegic children were excluded. Their age ranged from four to eight years old. The primary outcome: postural control that was evaluated using Qualysis motion AB system. Secondary outcome: reaching quality that was assessed using Peabody developmental motor scales (version-2) before and after four weeks of interventions that were provided 6days/week for 3 hours/day. Results: The results of this study revealed that there was significant improvement (p < .05) in all measured dependent variables in the post-treatment condition compared with the pre-treatment in both study groups with preference for group (B). Conclusions: Both techniques have a positive influence on postural control and quality of reaching and it would be better to combine both of them in treatment programs.
- Published
- 2020
45. A Method of Determining the Separation Plane of a Knob-Shaped Measuring Handle for the Measurement of Hand-Arm-Impedances
- Author
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Sven Matthiesen, S. Hehmann, Michael Uhl, Thomas Gwosch, Andreas Lindenmann, and Tassilo Schröder
- Subjects
Physics ,Plane (geometry) ,Acoustics ,Separation (aeronautics) ,Electrical impedance ,Hand arm - Published
- 2020
46. Serum Metabolites in Hand-Arm Vibration Exposed Workers
- Author
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Annika Hagenbjörk, Pål Graff, Ing-Liss Bryngelsson, Kåre Eriksson, Jenny Hadrévi, and Per Vihlborg
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Physiology ,Vibration ,Diagnosis, Differential ,hand-arm vibration ,03 medical and health sciences ,Arbetsmedicin och miljömedicin ,0302 clinical medicine ,Occupational Exposure ,Metabolites ,Humans ,Metabolomics ,Medicine ,Vibration-induced white fingers ,Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome ,metabolites ,vibration-induced white fingers ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,biomarkers ,Original Articles ,Occupational Health and Environmental Health ,Middle Aged ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Hand-arm vibration ,Metallurgy ,Population study ,business ,Biomarkers ,Hand arm - Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether low molecular organic biomarkers could be identified in blood samples from vibration exposed workers using a metabolomics. Methods: The study population consisted of 38 metalworkers. All participants underwent a standardized medical examination. Blood samples were collected before and after work shift and analyzed with gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Multivariate modeling (orthogonal partial least-squares analysis with discriminant analysis [OPLS-DA]) were used to verify differences in metabolic profiles. Results: Twenty-two study participants reported vascular symptoms judged as vibration-related. The metabolic profile from participants with vibration-induced white fingers (VWF) was distinctly separated from participants without VWF, both before and after vibration exposure. Conclusion: Metabolites that differed between the groups were identified both before and after exposure. Some of these metabolites might be indicators of health effects from exposure to vibrations. This is the first time that a metabolomic approach has been used in workers exposed to vibrations.
- Published
- 2020
47. Effects of Rod and Oscillating Frequency on the Vibrations Transmitted to Hand-Arm System by Four Olive Portable Harvesters
- Author
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Giuseppe Manetto, Emanuele Cerruto, and Rita Papa
- Subjects
Physics ,Acoustics ,Acceleration ,Kinematics ,Rod ,Exposure ,HAV ,Vibration ,Health ,Position (vector) ,Head (vessel) ,Safety ,Fixed length ,Hand arm - Abstract
This research aims to evaluate the vibration transmitted to the hand-arm system by four electric portable harvesters, mainly different for kinematics of the harvester head (synchronous or opposite), rod material (aluminum or carbon fiber), and rod configuration (fixed length or telescopic). Models with telescopic rods were tested at minimum and maximum length. All models were driven at two running frequencies: 1050 and 1200 oscillations per minute. Accelerations were measured at different times and at no-load condition in two points, 0.5 m apart, next to the hand positions. The results showed that the main difference in acceleration values was due to the kinematics of the harvester heads: 21.80 versus 6.27 m s−2 for synchronous and opposite movement, respectively. Differences between rod configurations were on average not statistical significant, as well as those between running frequencies. For each machine, acceleration values in front position (on the rod) were higher than in rear position (near the hand-grip). The differences in kinematics of the harvester head also affected acceleration component values: acceleration was higher along x-axis (19.27 m s−2) when arms carrying sticks moved synchronously and higher along y-axis (5.11 m s−2) when arms moved in opposition.
- Published
- 2020
48. An approach to object-level stiffness regulation of hand-arm systems subject to under-actuation constraints
- Author
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Virginia Ruiz Garate and Arash Ajoudani
- Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology ,Computer science ,Object level ,Stiffness ,02 engineering and technology ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Ellipsoid ,Stiffening ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Robotic systems ,Artificial Intelligence ,Robustness (computer science) ,Control theory ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,0210 nano-technology ,Robotic arm ,Hand arm - Abstract
When using a tool with a robotic hand-arm system, the stiffness at the grasped object plays a key role in the interaction with the environment, allowing the successful execution of the task. However, the rapidly increasing use of under-actuated hands in robotic systems due to their robustness and simplicity of control, pose limitations to the achievable object-level stiffness. Indeed, due to the serial coupling of the hand and the arm, the resulting object-level stiffness is determined by the most compliant of both elements. To address this problem, we propose a novel controller that takes into account the limited achievable geometry of the object stiffness ellipsoid given by a hand with under-actuation constraints, and exploits the contribution of the robotic arm in reshaping the final stiffness towards the desired profile. The under-actuation is illustrated by a coordinated stiffening of the hand fingers. The proposed method is experimentally validated by a hand-arm system performing a peg-in-hole task.
- Published
- 2020
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49. A model for simulating vibration responses of grinding machine-workpiece-hand-arm systems
- Author
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Thomas W. McDowell, Hansheng Lin, Qingsong Chen, Daniel E. Welcome, Ren G. Dong, John Z. Wu, and Xueyan Xu
- Subjects
Materials science ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Mechanical Engineering ,Acoustics ,05 social sciences ,Mechanical impedance ,Stiffness ,Condensed Matter Physics ,030210 environmental & occupational health ,Grinding ,Vibration ,Mechanism (engineering) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Mechanics of Materials ,medicine ,Head (vessel) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,Point (geometry) ,medicine.symptom ,050107 human factors ,Hand arm - Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a vibration model of a grinding machine-workpiece-hand-arm system. A lumped-parameter model structure of the system was proposed, and its major parameters were determined using the mechanical impedance measured at the grinding point of a typical workpiece (golf club head) held by two hands and referenced to the vibration transmissibility spectra measured at the wrist and on the upper arm of human subjects. The model reasonably predicted the vibration transmissibility spectra measured on the club head and the driving-point response function when the grinding contact stiffness was below a certain value. This suggests that the model is acceptable not only to enhance the understanding of the system responses, but also to explore some engineering methods for controlling vibration exposures during the grinding process. The identified model parameters reveal that the major resonance of the handheld workpiece depends primarily on its mass and grinding contact stiffness. The feed force applied in the grinding process can substantially affect the grinding contact stiffness; as a result, it can significantly influence the resonance. Vibration-reducing gloves can marginally increase the workpiece resonance, but these gloves can reduce some vibration transmitted to the hand-arm system. This study also clarified an important mechanism for the prediction errors of linear human vibration models, which is useful to further improve human vibration modeling.
- Published
- 2018
50. Hand-Arm Vibration Assessment and Changes in the Thermal Map of the Skin in Tennis Athletes during the Service
- Author
-
Maria F. Paulino, Ana M. Amaro, Maria Augusta Neto, and Luis Roseiro
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Thermography technique ,Vibration ,Article ,Occupational safety and health ,hand-arm vibration ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,Racket ,Tennis elbow ,medicine ,Humans ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,tennis service ,050107 human factors ,Skin ,computer.programming_language ,Hand Strength ,biology ,business.industry ,Athletes ,Epicondylitis ,05 social sciences ,Work (physics) ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Tennis Elbow ,030229 sport sciences ,Hand ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Healthy Volunteers ,over-grip ,Thermography ,Tennis ,infrared thermography ,Arm ,Skin Temperature ,business ,computer ,Hand arm - Abstract
During recent years the number of tennis athletes has increased significantly. When playing tennis, the human body is exposed to many situations which can lead to human injuries, such as the so-called tennis elbow (lateral epicondylitis). In this work a biomechanical analysis of tennis athletes, particularly during the service, was performed, considering three different types of over-grip and the presence of one anti-vibrator device. One part of the study evaluates the exposure to hand-arm vibration of the athlete, based on the European Directive 2002/44/EC concerning the minimum health and safety requirements, regarding the exposure of workers to risks from physical agents. The second part of the study considers an infrared thermography analysis in order to identify signs of risk of injury, particularly tennis elbow, one of the most common injuries in this sport. The results show that the presence of the anti-vibrator influences the vibration values greatly in the case of athletes with more experience and also for athletes with less performance. The presence of the Cork and/or Tourna on the racket grip does not have any significant effect on the hand-arm vibration (HAV), similarly in the case of athletes with the best performance and athletes with less technique. The results indicated that the infrared thermography technique may be used to identify the risk of injuries in tennis players.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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