80 results on '"Hanley ME"'
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2. The Intertidal Zone of the North-East Atlantic Region
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Hawkins, Stephen J., primary, Pack, Kathryn E., additional, Firth, Louise B., additional, Mieszkowska, Nova, additional, Evans, Ally J., additional, Martins, Gustavo M., additional, Åberg, Per, additional, Adams, Leoni C., additional, Arenas, Francisco, additional, Boaventura, Diana M., additional, Bohn, Katrin, additional, Borges, C. Debora G., additional, Castro, João J., additional, Coleman, Ross A., additional, Crowe, Tasman P., additional, Cruz, Teresa, additional, Davies, Mark S., additional, Epstein, Graham, additional, Faria, João, additional, Ferreira, João G., additional, Frost, Natalie J., additional, Griffin, John N., additional, Hanley, ME, additional, Herbert, Roger J. H., additional, Hyder, Kieran, additional, Johnson, Mark P., additional, Lima, Fernando P., additional, Masterson-Algar, Patricia, additional, Moore, Pippa J., additional, Moschella, Paula S., additional, Notman, Gillian M., additional, Pannacciulli, Federica G., additional, Ribeiro, Pedro A., additional, Santos, Antonio M., additional, Silva, Ana C. F., additional, Skov, Martin W., additional, Sugden, Heather, additional, Vale, Maria, additional, Wangkulangkul, Kringpaka, additional, Wort, Edward J. G., additional, Thompson, Richard C., additional, Hartnoll, Richard G., additional, Burrows, Michael T., additional, and Jenkins, Stuart R., additional
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- 2019
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3. Spatially Variable Effects of Artificially-Created Physical Complexity on Subtidal Benthos
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O’Shaughnessy, KA, Perkol-Finkel, S, Strain, EMA, Bishop, MJ, Hawkins, SJ, Hanley, ME, Lunt, P, Thompson, RC, Hadary, T, Shirazi, R, Yunnie, ALE, Amstutz, A, Milliet, L, Yong, CLX, Firth, LB, O’Shaughnessy, KA, Perkol-Finkel, S, Strain, EMA, Bishop, MJ, Hawkins, SJ, Hanley, ME, Lunt, P, Thompson, RC, Hadary, T, Shirazi, R, Yunnie, ALE, Amstutz, A, Milliet, L, Yong, CLX, and Firth, LB
- Abstract
In response to the environmental damage caused by urbanization, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are being implemented to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem processes with mutual benefits for society and nature. Although the field of NbS is flourishing, experiments in different geographic locations and environmental contexts have produced variable results, with knowledge particularly lacking for the subtidal zone. This study tested the effects of physical complexity on colonizing communities in subtidal habitats in two urban locations: (1) Plymouth, United Kingdom (northeast Atlantic) and (2) Tel Aviv, Israel (eastern Mediterranean) for 15- and 12-months, respectively. At each location, physical complexity was manipulated using experimental tiles that were either flat or had 2.5 or 5.0 cm ridges. In Plymouth, biological complexity was also manipulated through seeding tiles with habitat-forming mussels. The effects of the manipulations on taxon and functional richness, and community composition were assessed at both locations, and in Plymouth the survival and size of seeded mussels and abundance and size of recruited mussels were also assessed. Effects of physical complexity differed between locations. Physical complexity did not influence richness or community composition in Plymouth, while in Tel Aviv, there were effects of complexity on community composition. In Plymouth, effects of biological complexity were found with mussel seeding reducing taxon richness, supporting larger recruited mussels, and influencing community composition. Our results suggest that outcomes of NbS experiments are context-dependent and highlight the risk of extrapolating the findings outside of the context in which they were tested.
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- 2021
4. A global analysis of complexity-biodiversity relationships on marine artificial structures
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Webb, T, Strain, EMA, Steinberg, PD, Vozzo, M, Johnston, EL, Abbiati, M, Aguilera, MA, Airoldi, L, Aguirre, JD, Ashton, G, Bernardi, M, Brooks, P, Chan, BKK, Cheah, CB, Chee, SY, Coutinho, R, Crowe, T, Davey, A, Firth, LB, Fraser, C, Hanley, ME, Hawkins, SJ, Knick, KE, Lau, ETC, Leung, KMY, McKenzie, C, Macleod, C, Mafanya, S, Mancuso, FP, Messano, LVR, Naval-Xavier, LPD, Ng, TPT, O'Shaughnessy, KA, Pattrick, P, Perkins, MJ, Perkol-Finkel, S, Porri, F, Ross, DJ, Ruiz, G, Sella, I, Seitz, R, Shirazi, R, Thiel, M, Thompson, RC, Yee, JC, Zabin, C, Bishop, MJ, Webb, T, Strain, EMA, Steinberg, PD, Vozzo, M, Johnston, EL, Abbiati, M, Aguilera, MA, Airoldi, L, Aguirre, JD, Ashton, G, Bernardi, M, Brooks, P, Chan, BKK, Cheah, CB, Chee, SY, Coutinho, R, Crowe, T, Davey, A, Firth, LB, Fraser, C, Hanley, ME, Hawkins, SJ, Knick, KE, Lau, ETC, Leung, KMY, McKenzie, C, Macleod, C, Mafanya, S, Mancuso, FP, Messano, LVR, Naval-Xavier, LPD, Ng, TPT, O'Shaughnessy, KA, Pattrick, P, Perkins, MJ, Perkol-Finkel, S, Porri, F, Ross, DJ, Ruiz, G, Sella, I, Seitz, R, Shirazi, R, Thiel, M, Thompson, RC, Yee, JC, Zabin, C, and Bishop, MJ
- Abstract
Aim Topographic complexity is widely accepted as a key driver of biodiversity, but at the patch‐scale, complexity–biodiversity relationships may vary spatially and temporally according to the environmental stressors complexity mitigates, and the species richness and identity of potential colonists. Using a manipulative experiment, we assessed spatial variation in patch‐scale effects of complexity on intertidal biodiversity. Location 27 sites within 14 estuaries/bays distributed globally. Time period 2015–2017. Major taxa studied Functional groups of algae, sessile and mobile invertebrates. Methods Concrete tiles of differing complexity (flat; 2.5‐cm or 5‐cm complex) were affixed at low–high intertidal elevation on coastal defence structures, and the richness and abundance of the colonizing taxa were quantified after 12 months. Results The patch‐scale effects of complexity varied spatially and among functional groups. Complexity had neutral to positive effects on total, invertebrate and algal taxa richness, and invertebrate abundances. However, effects on the abundance of algae ranged from positive to negative, depending on location and functional group. The tidal elevation at which tiles were placed accounted for some variation. The total and invertebrate richness were greater at low or mid than at high intertidal elevations. Latitude was also an important source of spatial variation, with the effects of complexity on total richness and mobile mollusc abundance greatest at lower latitudes, whilst the cover of sessile invertebrates and sessile molluscs responded most strongly to complexity at higher latitudes. Conclusions After 12 months, patch‐scale relationships between biodiversity and habitat complexity were not universally positive. Instead, the relationship varied among functional groups and according to local abiotic and biotic conditions. This result challenges the assumption that effects of complexity on biodiversity are universally positive. The va
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- 2021
5. Deviation between projected and observed precipitation trends greater with altitude
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Murphy, TR, primary, Hanley, ME, additional, Ellis, JS, additional, and Lunt, PH, additional
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- 2019
- Full Text
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6. The gathering storm: optimizing management of coastal ecosystems in the face of a climate-driven threat
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Hanley, ME, Bouma, TJ, Mossman, HL, Hanley, ME, Bouma, TJ, and Mossman, HL
- Abstract
© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. BACKGROUND: The combination of rising sea levels and increased likelihood of extreme storm events poses a major threat to our coastlines and as a result, many ecosystems recognized and valued for their important contribution to coastal defence face increased damage from erosion and flooding. Nevertheless, only recently have we begun to examine how plant species and communities, respond to, and recover from, the many disturbances associated with storm events. SCOPE: We review how the threats posed by a combination of sea level rise and storms affects coastal sub-, inter- and supra-tidal plant communities. We consider ecophysiological impacts at the level of the individual plant, but also how ecological interactions at the community level, and responses at landscape scale, inform our understanding of how and why an increasing frequency and intensity of storm damage are vital to effective coastal management. While noting how research is centred on the impact of hurricanes in the US Gulf region, we take a global perspective and consider how ecosystems worldwide (e.g. seagrass, kelp forests, sand dunes, saltmarsh and mangroves) respond to storm damage and contribute to coastal defence. CONCLUSIONS: The threats posed by storms to coastal plant communities are undoubtedly severe, but, beyond this obvious conclusion, we highlight four research priority areas. These call for studies focusing on (1) how storm disturbance affects plant reproduction and recruitment; (2) plant response to the multiple stressors associated with anthropogenic climate change and storm events; (3) the role of ecosystem-level interactions in dictating post-disturbance recovery; and (4) models and long-term monitoring to better predict where and how storms and other climate change-driven phenomena impact coastal ecosyst
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- 2019
7. The database of the Predicts (Projecting responses of ecological diversity in changing terrestrial systems) project
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Hudson, LN, Newbold, T, Contu, S, Hill, SLL, Lysenko, I, De Palma, A, Phillips, HRP, Alhusseini, TI, Bedford, FE, Bennett, DJ, Booth, H, Burton, VJ, Chng, CWT, Choimes, A, Correia, DLP, Day, J, Echeverría-Londoño, S, Emerson, SR, Gao, D, Garon, M, Harrison, MLK, Ingram, DJ, Jung, M, Kemp, V, Kirkpatrick, L, Martin, CD, Pan, Y, Pask-Hale, GD, Pynegar, EL, Robinson, AN, Sanchez-Ortiz, K, Senior, RA, Simmons, BI, White, HJ, Zhang, H, Aben, J, Abrahamczyk, S, Adum, GB, Aguilar-Barquero, V, Aizen, MA, Albertos, B, Alcala, EL, del Mar Alguacil, M, Alignier, A, Ancrenaz, M, Andersen, AN, Arbeláez-Cortés, E, Armbrecht, I, Arroyo-Rodríguez, V, Aumann, T, Axmacher, JC, Azhar, B, Azpiroz, AB, Baeten, L, Bakayoko, A, Báldi, A, Banks, JE, Baral, SK, Barlow, J, Barratt, BIP, Barrico, L, Bartolommei, P, Barton, DM, Basset, Y, Batáry, P, Bates, AJ, Baur, B, Bayne, EM, Beja, P, Benedick, S, Berg, Å, Bernard, H, Berry, NJ, Bhatt, D, Bicknell, JE, Bihn, JH, Blake, RJ, Bobo, KS, Bóçon, R, Boekhout, T, Böhning-Gaese, K, Bonham, KJ, Borges, PAV, Borges, SH, Boutin, C, Bouyer, J, Bragagnolo, C, Brandt, JS, Brearley, FQ, Brito, I, Bros, V, Brunet, J, Buczkowski, G, Buddle, CM, Bugter, R, Buscardo, E, Buse, J, Cabra-García, J, Cáceres, NC, Cagle, NL, Calviño-Cancela, M, Cameron, SA, Cancello, EM, Caparrós, R, Cardoso, P, Carpenter, D, Carrijo, TF, Carvalho, AL, Cassano, CR, Castro, H, Castro-Luna, AA, Rolando, CB, Cerezo, A, Chapman, KA, Chauvat, M, Christensen, M, Clarke, FM, Cleary, DFR, Colombo, G, Connop, SP, Craig, MD, Cruz-López, L, Cunningham, SA, D'Aniello, B, D'Cruze, N, da Silva, PG, Dallimer, M, Danquah, E, Darvill, B, Dauber, J, Davis, ALV, Dawson, J, de Sassi, C, de Thoisy, B, Deheuvels, O, Dejean, A, Devineau, J-L, Diekötter, T, Dolia, JV, Domínguez, E, Dominguez-Haydar, Y, Dorn, S, Draper, I, Dreber, N, Dumont, B, Dures, SG, Dynesius, M, Edenius, L, Eggleton, P, Eigenbrod, F, Elek, Z, Entling, MH, Esler, KJ, de Lima, RF, Faruk, A, Farwig, N, Fayle, TM, Felicioli, A, Felton, AM, Fensham, RJ, Fernandez, IC, Ferreira, CC, Ficetola, GF, Fiera, C, Filgueiras, BKC, Fırıncıoğlu, HK, Flaspohler, D, Floren, A, Fonte, SJ, Fournier, A, Fowler, RE, Franzén, M, Fraser, LH, Fredriksson, GM, Freire, GB, Frizzo, TLM, Fukuda, D, Furlani, D, Gaigher, R, Ganzhorn, JU, García, KP, Garcia-R, JC, Garden, JG, Garilleti, R, Ge, B-M, Gendreau-Berthiaume, B, Gerard, PJ, Gheler-Costa, C, Gilbert, B, Giordani, P, Giordano, S, Golodets, C, Gomes, LGL, Gould, RK, Goulson, D, Gove, AD, Granjon, L, Grass, I, Gray, CL, Grogan, J, Gu, W, Guardiola, M, Gunawardene, NR, Gutierrez, AG, Gutiérrez-Lamus, DL, Haarmeyer, DH, Hanley, ME, Hanson, T, Hashim, NR, Hassan, SN, Hatfield, RG, Hawes, JE, Hayward, MW, Hébert, C, Helden, AJ, Henden, J-A, Henschel, P, Hernández, L, Herrera, JP, Herrmann, F, Herzog, F, Higuera-Diaz, D, Hilje, B, Höfer, H, Hoffmann, A, Horgan, FG, Hornung, E, Horváth, R, Hylander, K, Isaacs-Cubides, P, Ishida, H, Ishitani, M, Jacobs, CT, Jaramillo, VJ, Jauker, B, Hernández, FJ, Johnson, MF, Jolli, V, Jonsell, M, Juliani, SN, Jung, TS, Kapoor, V, Kappes, H, Kati, V, Katovai, E, Kellner, K, Kessler, M, Kirby, KR, Kittle, AM, Knight, ME, Knop, E, Kohler, F, Koivula, M, Kolb, A, Kone, M, Kőrösi, Á, Krauss, J, Kumar, A, Kumar, R, Kurz, DJ, Kutt, AS, Lachat, T, Lantschner, V, Lara, F, Lasky, JR, Latta, SC, Laurance, WF, Lavelle, P, Le Féon, V, LeBuhn, G, Légaré, J-P, Lehouck, V, Lencinas, MV, Lentini, PE, Letcher, SG, Li, Q, Litchwark, SA, Littlewood, NA, Liu, Y, Lo-Man-Hung, N, López-Quintero, CA, Louhaichi, M, Lövei, GL, Lucas-Borja, ME, Luja, VH, Luskin, MS, MacSwiney G, MC, Maeto, K, Magura, T, Mallari, NA, Malone, LA, Malonza, PK, Malumbres-Olarte, J, Mandujano, S, Måren, IE, Marin-Spiotta, E, Marsh, CJ, Marshall, EJP, Martínez, E, Martínez Pastur, G, Moreno Mateos, D, Mayfield, MM, Mazimpaka, V, McCarthy, JL, McCarthy, KP, McFrederick, QS, McNamara, S, Medina, NG, Medina, R, Mena, JL, Mico, E, Mikusinski, G, Milder, JC, Miller, JR, Miranda-Esquivel, DR, Moir, ML, Morales, CL, Muchane, MN, Muchane, M, Mudri-Stojnic, S, Munira, AN, Muoñz-Alonso, A, Munyekenye, BF, Naidoo, R, Naithani, A, Nakagawa, M, Nakamura, A, Nakashima, Y, Naoe, S, Nates-Parra, G, Navarrete Gutierrez, DA, Navarro-Iriarte, L, Ndang'ang'a, PK, Neuschulz, EL, Ngai, JT, Nicolas, V, Nilsson, SG, Noreika, N, Norfolk, O, Noriega, JA, Norton, DA, Nöske, NM, Nowakowski, AJ, Numa, C, O'Dea, N, O'Farrell, PJ, Oduro, W, Oertli, S, Ofori-Boateng, C, Oke, CO, Oostra, V, Osgathorpe, LM, Otavo, SE, Page, NV, Paritsis, J, Parra-H, A, Parry, L, Pe'er, G, Pearman, PB, Pelegrin, N, Pélissier, R, Peres, CA, Peri, PL, Persson, AS, Petanidou, T, Peters, MK, Pethiyagoda, RS, Phalan, B, Philips, TK, Pillsbury, FC, Pincheira-Ulbrich, J, Pineda, E, Pino, J, Pizarro-Araya, J, Plumptre, AJ, Poggio, SL, Politi, N, Pons, P, Poveda, K, Power, EF, Presley, SJ, Proença, V, Quaranta, M, Quintero, C, Rader, R, Ramesh, BR, Ramirez-Pinilla, MP, Ranganathan, J, Rasmussen, C, Redpath-Downing, NA, Reid, JL, Reis, YT, Rey Benayas, JM, Rey-Velasco, JC, Reynolds, C, Ribeiro, DB, Richards, MH, Richardson, BA, Richardson, MJ, Ríos, RM, Robinson, R, Robles, CA, Römbke, J, Romero-Duque, LP, Rös, M, Rosselli, L, Rossiter, SJ, Roth, DS, Roulston, TH, Rousseau, L, Rubio, AV, Ruel, J-C, Sadler, JP, Sáfián, S, Saldaña-Vázquez, RA, Sam, K, Samnegård, U, Santana, J, Santos, X, Savage, J, Schellhorn, NA, Schilthuizen, M, Schmiedel, U, Schmitt, CB, Schon, NL, Schüepp, C, Schumann, K, Schweiger, O, Scott, DM, Scott, KA, Sedlock, JL, Seefeldt, SS, Shahabuddin, G, Shannon, G, Sheil, D, Sheldon, FH, Shochat, E, Siebert, SJ, Silva, FAB, Simonetti, JA, Slade, EM, Smith, J, Smith-Pardo, AH, Sodhi, NS, Somarriba, EJ, Sosa, RA, Soto Quiroga, G, St-Laurent, M-H, Starzomski, BM, Stefanescu, C, Steffan-Dewenter, I, Stouffer, PC, Stout, JC, Strauch, AM, Struebig, MJ, Su, Z, Suarez-Rubio, M, Sugiura, S, Summerville, KS, Sung, Y-H, Sutrisno, H, Svenning, J-C, Teder, T, Threlfall, CG, Tiitsaar, A, Todd, JH, Tonietto, RK, Torre, I, Tóthmérész, B, Tscharntke, T, Turner, EC, Tylianakis, JM, Uehara-Prado, M, Urbina-Cardona, N, Vallan, D, Vanbergen, AJ, Vasconcelos, HL, Vassilev, K, Verboven, HAF, Verdasca, MJ, Verdú, JR, Vergara, CH, Vergara, PM, Verhulst, J, Virgilio, M, Vu, LV, Waite, EM, Walker, TR, Wang, H-F, Wang, Y, Watling, JI, Weller, B, Wells, K, Westphal, C, Wiafe, ED, Williams, CD, Willig, MR, Woinarski, JCZ, Wolf, JHD, Wolters, V, Woodcock, BA, Wu, J, Wunderle, JM, Yamaura, Y, Yoshikura, S, Yu, DW, Zaitsev, AS, Zeidler, J, Zou, F, Collen, B, Ewers, RM, Mace, GM, Purves, DW, Scharlemann, JPW, Purvis, A, The Natural History Museum [London] (NHM), United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment, Research, University College of London [London] (UCL), Department of Life Sciences [Trieste], Università degli studi di Trieste, Imperial College London, Department of Zoology, Auburn University (AU), Frankfurt Zoological Society, Science and Solutions for a Changing Planet DTP and the Department of Life Sciences, Centre d’étude de la forêt, Université Laval, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, School of Biological Sciences [London], Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), School of Biological and Ecological Sciences, University of Stirling, School of Biological Sciences [Egham), Royal Holloway [University of London] (RHUL), School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, University College London (UCL), School of Biological Sciences [Clayton], Monash University [Clayton], Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, (SFIRC), Evolutionary Ecology Group, University of Antwerp (UA), Nees Institute for Plant Biodiversity, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Wildlife and Range Management Department, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources (CANR), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Save the frogs!, Escuela de Biología, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones en Biodiversidad y Medioambiente [Bariloche] (INIBIOMA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Universidad Nacional del Comahue [Neuquén] (UNCOMA), Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Marine Laboratory, Silliman University-Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management, Silliman University, Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Centro de Edafologia y Biologia Aplicada del Segura, SAD Paysage (SAD Paysage), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural (DYNAFOR), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Animal, Santé, Territoires, Risques et Ecosystèmes (UMR ASTRE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Abeilles et Environnement (AE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Avignon Université (AU), Patrimoines locaux, Environnement et Globalisation (PALOC), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Università degli studi di Trieste = University of Trieste, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT), Unité Mixte de Recherche sur les Herbivores - UMR 1213 (UMRH), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS), The Royal Society, Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology [GHANA] (KNUST), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale supérieure agronomique de Toulouse [ENSAT]-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute, Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute - Yeast Research, Hudson, Lawrence N [0000-0003-4072-7469], Choimes, Argyrios [0000-0002-9849-1500], Jung, Martin [0000-0002-7569-1390], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Hudson, Lawrence N, Newbold, Tim, Contu, Sara, Hill, Samantha L. L., Lysenko, Igor, De Palma, Adriana, Phillips, Helen R. P., Alhusseini, Tamera I., Bedford, Felicity E., Bennett, Dominic J., Booth, Hollie, Burton, Victoria J., Chng, Charlotte W. T., Choimes, Argyrio, Correia, David L. P., Day, Julie, Echeverría Londoño, Susy, Emerson, Susan R., Gao, Di, Garon, Morgan, Harrison, Michelle L. K., Ingram, Daniel J., Jung, Martin, Kemp, Victoria, Kirkpatrick, Lucinda, Martin, Callum D., Pan, Yuan, Pask Hale, Gwilym D., Pynegar, Edwin L., Robinson, Alexandra N., Sanchez Ortiz, Katia, Senior, Rebecca A., Simmons, Benno I., White, Hannah J., Zhang, Hanbin, Aben, Job, Abrahamczyk, Stefan, Adum, Gilbert B., Aguilar Barquero, Virginia, Aizen, Marcelo A., Albertos, Belén, Alcala, E. L., del Mar Alguacil, Maria, Alignier, Audrey, Ancrenaz, Marc, Andersen, Alan N., Arbeláez Cortés, Enrique, Armbrecht, Inge, Arroyo Rodríguez, Víctor, Aumann, Tom, Axmacher, Jan C., Azhar, Badrul, Azpiroz, Adrián B., Baeten, Lander, Bakayoko, Adama, Báldi, Andrá, Banks, John E., Baral, Sharad K., Barlow, Jo, Barratt, Barbara I. P., Barrico, Lurde, Bartolommei, Paola, Barton, Diane M., Basset, Yve, Batáry, Péter, Bates, Adam J., Baur, Bruno, Bayne, Erin M., Beja, Pedro, Benedick, Suzan, Berg, Åke, Bernard, Henry, Berry, Nicholas J., Bhatt, Dinesh, Bicknell, Jake E., Bihn, Jochen H., Blake, Robin J., Bobo, Kadiri S., Bóçon, Roberto, Boekhout, Teun, Böhning Gaese, Katrin, Bonham, Kevin J., Borges, Paulo A. V., Borges, Sérgio H., Boutin, Céline, Bouyer, Jérémy, Bragagnolo, Cibele, Brandt, Jodi S., Brearley, Francis Q., Brito, Isabel, Bros, Vicenç, Brunet, Jörg, Buczkowski, Grzegorz, Buddle, Christopher M., Bugter, Rob, Buscardo, Erika, Buse, Jörn, Cabra García, Jimmy, Cáceres, Nilton C., Cagle, Nicolette L., Calviño Cancela, María, Cameron, Sydney A., Cancello, Eliana M., Caparrós, Rut, Cardoso, Pedro, Carpenter, Dan, Carrijo, Tiago F., Carvalho, Anelena L., Cassano, Camila R., Castro, Helena, Castro Luna, Alejandro A., Rolando, Cerda B., Cerezo, Alexi, Chapman, Kim Alan, Chauvat, Matthieu, Christensen, Morten, Clarke, Francis M., Cleary, Daniel F. R., Colombo, Giorgio, Connop, Stuart P., Craig, Michael D., Cruz López, Leopoldo, Cunningham, Saul A., D'Aniello, Biagio, D'Cruze, Neil, da Silva, Pedro Giovâni, Dallimer, Martin, Danquah, Emmanuel, Darvill, Ben, Dauber, Jen, Davis, Adrian L. V., Dawson, Jeff, de Sassi, Claudio, de Thoisy, Benoit, Deheuvels, Olivier, Dejean, Alain, Devineau, Jean Loui, Diekötter, Tim, Dolia, Jignasu V., Domínguez, Erwin, Dominguez Haydar, Yamileth, Dorn, Silvia, Draper, Isabel, Dreber, Niel, Dumont, Bertrand, Dures, Simon G., Dynesius, Mat, Edenius, Lar, Eggleton, Paul, Eigenbrod, Felix, Elek, Zoltán, Entling, Martin H., Esler, Karen J., de Lima, Ricardo F., Faruk, Aisyah, Farwig, Nina, Fayle, Tom M., Felicioli, Antonio, Felton, Annika M., Fensham, Roderick J., Fernandez, Ignacio C., Ferreira, Catarina C., Ficetola, Gentile F., Fiera, Cristina, Filgueiras, Bruno K. C., Fırıncıoğlu, Hüseyin K., Flaspohler, David, Floren, Andrea, Fonte, Steven J., Fournier, Anne, Fowler, Robert E., Franzén, Marku, Fraser, Lauchlan H., Fredriksson, Gabriella M., Freire, Geraldo B., Frizzo, Tiago L. M., Fukuda, Daisuke, Furlani, Dario, Gaigher, René, Ganzhorn, Jörg U., García, Karla P., Garcia R, Juan C., Garden, Jenni G., Garilleti, Ricardo, Ge, Bao Ming, Gendreau Berthiaume, Benoit, Gerard, Philippa J., Gheler Costa, Carla, Gilbert, Benjamin, Giordani, Paolo, Giordano, Simonetta, Golodets, Carly, Gomes, Laurens G. L., Gould, Rachelle K., Goulson, Dave, Gove, Aaron D., Granjon, Laurent, Grass, Ingo, Gray, Claudia L., Grogan, Jame, Gu, Weibin, Guardiola, Moisè, Gunawardene, Nihara R., Gutierrez, Alvaro G., Gutiérrez Lamus, Doris L., Haarmeyer, Daniela H., Hanley, Mick E., Hanson, Thor, Hashim, Nor R., Hassan, Shombe N., Hatfield, Richard G., Hawes, Joseph E., Hayward, Matt W., Hébert, Christian, Helden, Alvin J., Henden, John André, Henschel, Philipp, Hernández, Lionel, Herrera, James P., Herrmann, Farina, Herzog, Felix, Higuera Diaz, Diego, Hilje, Branko, Höfer, Hubert, Hoffmann, Anke, Horgan, Finbarr G., Hornung, Elisabeth, Horváth, Roland, Hylander, Kristoffer, Isaacs Cubides, Paola, Ishida, Hiroaki, Ishitani, Masahiro, Jacobs, Carmen T., Jaramillo, Víctor J., Jauker, Birgit, Hernández, F. Jiménez, Johnson, McKenzie F., Jolli, Virat, Jonsell, Mat, Juliani, S. Nur, Jung, Thomas S., Kapoor, Vena, Kappes, Heike, Kati, Vassiliki, Katovai, Eric, Kellner, Klau, Kessler, Michael, Kirby, Kathryn R., Kittle, Andrew M., Knight, Mairi E., Knop, Eva, Kohler, Florian, Koivula, Matti, Kolb, Annette, Kone, Mouhamadou, Kőrösi, Ádám, Krauss, Jochen, Kumar, Ajith, Kumar, Raman, Kurz, David J., Kutt, Alex S., Lachat, Thibault, Lantschner, Victoria, Lara, Francisco, Lasky, Jesse R., Latta, Steven C., Laurance, William F., Lavelle, Patrick, Le Féon, Violette, Lebuhn, Gretchen, Légaré, Jean Philippe, Lehouck, Valérie, Lencinas, María V., Lentini, Pia E., Letcher, Susan G., Li, Qi, Litchwark, Simon A., Littlewood, Nick A., Liu, Yunhui, Lo Man Hung, Nancy, López Quintero, Carlos A., Louhaichi, Mounir, Lövei, Gabor L., Lucas Borja, Manuel Esteban, Luja, Victor H., Luskin, Matthew S., MacSwiney G, M. Cristina, Maeto, Kaoru, Magura, Tibor, Mallari, Neil Aldrin, Malone, Louise A., Malonza, Patrick K., Malumbres Olarte, Jagoba, Mandujano, Salvador, Måren, Inger E., Marin Spiotta, Erika, Marsh, Charles J., Marshall, E. J. P., Martínez, Eliana, Martínez Pastur, Guillermo, Moreno Mateos, David, Mayfield, Margaret M., Mazimpaka, Vicente, Mccarthy, Jennifer L., Mccarthy, Kyle P., Mcfrederick, Quinn S., Mcnamara, Sean, Medina, Nagore G., Medina, Rafael, Mena, Jose L., Mico, Estefania, Mikusinski, Grzegorz, Milder, Jeffrey C., Miller, James R., Miranda Esquivel, Daniel R., Moir, Melinda L., Morales, Carolina L., Muchane, Mary N., Muchane, Muchai, Mudri Stojnic, Sonja, Munira, A. Nur, Muoñz Alonso, Antonio, Munyekenye, B. F., Naidoo, Robin, Naithani, A., Nakagawa, Michiko, Nakamura, Akihiro, Nakashima, Yoshihiro, Naoe, Shoji, Nates Parra, Guiomar, Navarrete Gutierrez, Dario A., Navarro Iriarte, Lui, Ndang'Ang'A, Paul K., Neuschulz, Eike L., Ngai, Jacqueline T., Nicolas, Violaine, Nilsson, Sven G., Noreika, Norberta, Norfolk, Olivia, Noriega, Jorge Ari, Norton, David A., Nöske, Nicole M., Nowakowski, A. Justin, Numa, Catherine, O'Dea, Niall, O'Farrell, Patrick J., Oduro, William, Oertli, Sabine, Ofori Boateng, Caleb, Oke, Christopher Omamoke, Oostra, Vicencio, Osgathorpe, Lynne M., Otavo, Samuel Eduardo, Page, Navendu V., Paritsis, Juan, Parra H, Alejandro, Parry, Luke, Pe'Er, Guy, Pearman, Peter B., Pelegrin, Nicolá, Pélissier, Raphaël, Peres, Carlos A., Peri, Pablo L., Persson, Anna S., Petanidou, Theodora, Peters, Marcell K., Pethiyagoda, Rohan S., Phalan, Ben, Philips, T. Keith, Pillsbury, Finn C., Pincheira Ulbrich, Jimmy, Pineda, Eduardo, Pino, Joan, Pizarro Araya, Jaime, Plumptre, A. J., Poggio, Santiago L., Politi, Natalia, Pons, Pere, Poveda, Katja, Power, Eileen F., Presley, Steven J., Proença, Vânia, Quaranta, Marino, Quintero, Carolina, Rader, Romina, Ramesh, B. R., Ramirez Pinilla, Martha P., Ranganathan, Jai, Rasmussen, Clau, Redpath Downing, Nicola A., Reid, J. Leighton, Reis, Yana T., Rey Benayas, José M., Rey Velasco, Juan Carlo, Reynolds, Chevonne, Ribeiro, Danilo Bandini, Richards, Miriam H., Richardson, Barbara A., Richardson, Michael J., Ríos, Rodrigo Macip, Robinson, Richard, Robles, Carolina A., Römbke, Jörg, Romero Duque, Luz Piedad, Rös, Matthia, Rosselli, Loreta, Rossiter, Stephen J., Roth, Dana S., Roulston, T'ai H., Rousseau, Laurent, Rubio, André V., Ruel, Jean Claude, Sadler, Jonathan P., Sáfián, Szabolc, Saldaña Vázquez, Romeo A., Sam, Katerina, Samnegård, Ulrika, Santana, Joana, Santos, Xavier, Savage, Jade, Schellhorn, Nancy A., Schilthuizen, Menno, Schmiedel, Ute, Schmitt, Christine B., Schon, Nicole L., Schüepp, Christof, Schumann, Katharina, Schweiger, Oliver, Scott, Dawn M., Scott, Kenneth A., Sedlock, Jodi L., Seefeldt, Steven S., Shahabuddin, Ghazala, Shannon, Graeme, Sheil, Dougla, Sheldon, Frederick H., Shochat, Eyal, Siebert, Stefan J., Silva, Fernando A. B., Simonetti, Javier A., Slade, Eleanor M., Smith, Jo, Smith Pardo, Allan H., Sodhi, Navjot S., Somarriba, Eduardo J., Sosa, Ramón A., Soto Quiroga, Grimaldo, St Laurent, Martin Hugue, Starzomski, Brian M., Stefanescu, Constanti, Steffan Dewenter, Ingolf, Stouffer, Philip C., Stout, Jane C., Strauch, Ayron M., Struebig, Matthew J., Su, Zhimin, Suarez Rubio, Marcela, Sugiura, Shinji, Summerville, Keith S., Sung, Yik Hei, Sutrisno, Hari, Svenning, Jens Christian, Teder, Tiit, Threlfall, Caragh G., Tiitsaar, Anu, Todd, Jacqui H., Tonietto, Rebecca K., Torre, Ignasi, Tóthmérész, Béla, Tscharntke, Teja, Turner, Edgar C., Tylianakis, Jason M., Uehara Prado, Marcio, Urbina Cardona, Nicola, Vallan, Deni, Vanbergen, Adam J., Vasconcelos, Heraldo L., Vassilev, Kiril, Verboven, Hans A. F., Verdasca, Maria João, Verdú, José R., Vergara, Carlos H., Vergara, Pablo M., Verhulst, Jort, Virgilio, Massimiliano, Vu, Lien Van, Waite, Edward M., Walker, Tony R., Wang, Hua Feng, Wang, Yanping, Watling, James I., Weller, Britta, Wells, Konstan, Westphal, Catrin, Wiafe, Edward D., Williams, Christopher D., Willig, Michael R., Woinarski, John C. Z., Wolf, Jan H. D., Wolters, Volkmar, Woodcock, Ben A., Wu, Jihua, Wunderle, Joseph M., Yamaura, Yuichi, Yoshikura, Satoko, Yu, Douglas W., Zaitsev, Andrey S., Zeidler, Juliane, Zou, Fasheng, Collen, Ben, Ewers, Rob M., Mace, Georgina M., Purves, Drew W., Scharlemann, Jörn P. W., Purvis, Andy, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - CNRS (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - INPT (FRANCE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - INRA (FRANCE), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier - UT3 (FRANCE), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse - Toulouse INP (FRANCE), Natural History Museum, 3Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, Centre for Biodiversity and Environment, Research, University College London ( UCL ), Department of Life Sciences, Universita di Trieste, Auburn University, Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Royal Holloway [University of London] ( RHUL ), ( SFIRC ), University of Antwerp ( UA ), University of Bonn (Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology ( KNUST ), Universidad de Costa Rica, Laboratorio Ecotono-CRUB, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, SAD Paysage ( SAD Paysage ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Dynamiques Forestières dans l'Espace Rural ( DYNAFOR ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Contrôle des maladies animales exotiques et émergentes [Montpellier] ( CMAEE ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement [CIRAD] : UMR15, Unité Mixte de Recherches sur les Herbivores ( UMR 1213 Herbivores ), VetAgro Sup ( VAS ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations ( CBGP ), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement ( CIRAD ) -Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques ( Montpellier SupAgro ) -Institut national de la recherche agronomique [Montpellier] ( INRA Montpellier ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD [France-Sud] ) -Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier ( Montpellier SupAgro ), Abeilles et Environnement ( AE ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV )
- Subjects
VDP::Mathematics and natural science: 400::Zoology and botany: 480::Ecology: 488 ,Biodiversité et Ecologie ,data sharing ,habitat ,Biológiai tudományok ,Q1 ,BIRD SPECIES RICHNESS ,TROPICAL DRY FOREST ,VDP::Matematikk og Naturvitenskap: 400::Zoologiske og botaniske fag: 480::Økologi: 488 ,MEXICAN COFFEE PLANTATIONS ,Természettudományok ,Data and Information ,Milieux et Changements globaux ,LOWLAND ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Original Research ,Ecology ,global biodiversity modeling ,global change ,habitat destruction ,land use ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Nature and Landscape Conservation ,LAND-USE CHANGE ,[ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,Chemistry ,Earth and Related Environmental Sciences ,Evolution ,[SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes ,INTENSIVELY MANAGED FARMLAND ,Ingénierie de l'environnement ,CARABID BEETLE ASSEMBLAGES ,FRUIT-FEEDING BUTTERFLIES ,Ecology and Environment ,Biodiversity and Ecology ,keywords: data sharing ,Behavior and Systematics ,Biology ,Ekologi ,[ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology ,QL ,DIPTEROCARP FOREST ,QH ,PLANT COMMUNITY COMPOSITION ,Geovetenskap och miljövetenskap ,Biology and Life Sciences ,destruction ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematic ,URBAN-RURAL GRADIENT ,Earth and Environmental Sciences ,Environnement et Société ,[SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology - Abstract
Source at https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.2579. The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
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- 2017
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8. Predicting bee community responses to land-use changes: Effects of geographic and taxonomic biases
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De Palma, A, Abrahamczyk, S, Aizen, MA, Albrecht, M, Basset, Y, Bates, A, Blake, RJ, Boutin, C, Bugter, R, Connop, S, Cruz-Lopez, L, Cunningham, SA, Darvill, B, Diekoetter, T, Dorn, S, Downing, N, Entling, MH, Farwig, N, Felicioli, A, Fonte, SJ, Fowler, R, Franzen, M, Goulson, D, Grass, I, Hanley, ME, Hendrix, SD, Herrmann, F, Herzog, F, Holzschuh, A, Jauker, B, Kessler, M, Knight, ME, Kruess, A, Lavelle, P, Le Feon, V, Lentini, P, Malone, LA, Marshall, J, Pachon, EM, McFrederick, QS, Morales, CL, Mudri-Stojnic, S, Nates-Parra, G, Nilsson, SG, Ockinger, E, Osgathorpe, L, Parra-H, A, Peres, CA, Persson, AS, Petanidou, T, Poveda, K, Power, EF, Quaranta, M, Quintero, C, Rader, R, Richards, MH, Roulston, T, Rousseau, L, Sadler, JP, Samnegard, U, Schellhorn, NA, Schuepp, C, Schweiger, O, Smith-Pardo, AH, Steffan-Dewenter, I, Stout, JC, Tonietto, RK, Tscharntke, T, Tylianakis, JM, Verboven, HAF, Vergara, CH, Verhulst, J, Westphal, C, Yoon, HJ, Purvis, A, De Palma, A, Abrahamczyk, S, Aizen, MA, Albrecht, M, Basset, Y, Bates, A, Blake, RJ, Boutin, C, Bugter, R, Connop, S, Cruz-Lopez, L, Cunningham, SA, Darvill, B, Diekoetter, T, Dorn, S, Downing, N, Entling, MH, Farwig, N, Felicioli, A, Fonte, SJ, Fowler, R, Franzen, M, Goulson, D, Grass, I, Hanley, ME, Hendrix, SD, Herrmann, F, Herzog, F, Holzschuh, A, Jauker, B, Kessler, M, Knight, ME, Kruess, A, Lavelle, P, Le Feon, V, Lentini, P, Malone, LA, Marshall, J, Pachon, EM, McFrederick, QS, Morales, CL, Mudri-Stojnic, S, Nates-Parra, G, Nilsson, SG, Ockinger, E, Osgathorpe, L, Parra-H, A, Peres, CA, Persson, AS, Petanidou, T, Poveda, K, Power, EF, Quaranta, M, Quintero, C, Rader, R, Richards, MH, Roulston, T, Rousseau, L, Sadler, JP, Samnegard, U, Schellhorn, NA, Schuepp, C, Schweiger, O, Smith-Pardo, AH, Steffan-Dewenter, I, Stout, JC, Tonietto, RK, Tscharntke, T, Tylianakis, JM, Verboven, HAF, Vergara, CH, Verhulst, J, Westphal, C, Yoon, HJ, and Purvis, A
- Abstract
Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate bees' responses to these human impacts. The available data are, however, geographically and taxonomically unrepresentative; most data are from North America and Western Europe, overrepresenting bumblebees and raising concerns that model results may not be generalizable to other regions and taxa. To assess whether the geographic and taxonomic biases of data could undermine effectiveness of models for conservation policy, we have collated from the published literature a global dataset of bee diversity at sites facing land-use change and intensification, and assess whether bee responses to these pressures vary across 11 regions (Western, Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe; North, Central and South America; Australia and New Zealand; South East Asia; Middle and Southern Africa) and between bumblebees and other bees. Our analyses highlight strong regionally-based responses of total abundance, species richness and Simpson's diversity to land use, caused by variation in the sensitivity of species and potentially in the nature of threats. These results suggest that global extrapolation of models based on geographically and taxonomically restricted data may underestimate the true uncertainty, increasing the risk of ecological surprises.
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- 2016
9. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts
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Hudson, LN, Newbold, T, Contu, S, Hill, SLL, Lysenko, I, De Palma, A, Phillips, HRP, Senior, RA, Bennett, DJ, Booth, H, Choimes, A, Correia, DLP, Day, J, Echeverria-Londono, S, Garon, M, Harrison, MLK, Ingram, DJ, Jung, M, Kemp, V, Kirkpatrick, L, Martin, CD, Pan, Y, White, HJ, Aben, J, Abrahamczyk, S, Adum, GB, Aguilar-Barquero, V, Aizen, MA, Ancrenaz, M, Arbelaez-Cortes, E, Armbrecht, I, Azhar, B, Azpiroz, AB, Baeten, L, Baldi, A, Banks, JE, Barlow, J, Batary, P, Bates, AJ, Bayne, EM, Beja, P, Berg, A, Berry, NJ, Bicknell, JE, Bihn, JH, Boehning-Gaese, K, Boekhout, T, Boutin, C, Bouyer, J, Brearley, FQ, Brito, I, Brunet, J, Buczkowski, G, Buscardo, E, Cabra-Garcia, J, Calvino-Cancela, M, Cameron, SA, Cancello, EM, Carrijo, TF, Carvalho, AL, Castro, H, Castro-Luna, AA, Cerda, R, Cerezo, A, Chauvat, M, Clarke, FM, Cleary, DFR, Connop, SP, D'Aniello, B, da Silva, PG, Darvill, B, Dauber, J, Dejean, A, Diekoetter, T, Dominguez-Haydar, Y, Dormann, CF, Dumont, B, Dures, SG, Dynesius, M, Edenius, L, Elek, Z, Entling, MH, Farwig, N, Fayle, TM, Felicioli, A, Felton, AM, Ficetola, GF, Filgueiras, BKC, Fonte, SJ, Fraser, LH, Fukuda, D, Furlani, D, Ganzhorn, JU, Garden, JG, Gheler-Costa, C, Giordani, P, Giordano, S, Gottschalk, MS, Goulson, D, Gove, AD, Grogan, J, Hanley, ME, Hanson, T, Hashim, NR, Hawes, JE, Hebert, C, Helden, AJ, Henden, J-A, Hernandez, L, Herzog, F, Higuera-Diaz, D, Hilje, B, Horgan, FG, Horvath, R, Hylander, K, Isaacs-Cubides, P, Ishitani, M, Jacobs, CT, Jaramillo, VJ, Jauker, B, Jonsell, M, Jung, TS, Kapoor, V, Kati, V, Katovai, E, Kessler, M, Knop, E, Kolb, A, Koroesi, A, Lachat, T, Lantschner, V, Le Feon, V, LeBuhn, G, Legare, J-P, Letcher, SG, Littlewood, NA, Lopez-Quintero, CA, Louhaichi, M, Loevei, GL, Lucas-Borja, ME, Luja, VH, Maeto, K, Magura, T, Mallari, NA, Marin-Spiotta, E, Marshall, EJP, Martinez, E, Mayfield, MM, Mikusinski, G, Milder, JC, Miller, JR, Morales, CL, Muchane, MN, Muchane, M, Naidoo, R, Nakamura, A, Naoe, S, Nates-Parra, G, Navarrete Gutierrez, DA, Neuschulz, EL, Noreika, N, Norfolk, O, Noriega, JA, Noeske, NM, O'Dea, N, Oduro, W, Ofori-Boateng, C, Oke, CO, Osgathorpe, LM, Paritsis, J, Parra-H, A, Pelegrin, N, Peres, CA, Persson, AS, Petanidou, T, Phalan, B, Philips, TK, Poveda, K, Power, EF, Presley, SJ, Proenca, V, Quaranta, M, Quintero, C, Redpath-Downing, NA, Reid, JL, Reis, YT, Ribeiro, DB, Richardson, BA, Richardson, MJ, Robles, CA, Roembke, J, Romero-Duque, LP, Rosselli, L, Rossiter, SJ, Roulston, TH, Rousseau, L, Sadler, JP, Safian, S, Saldana-Vazquez, RA, Samnegard, U, Schueepp, C, Schweiger, O, Sedlock, JL, Shahabuddin, G, Sheil, D, Silva, FAB, Slade, EM, Smith-Pardo, AH, Sodhi, NS, Somarriba, EJ, Sosa, RA, Stout, JC, Struebig, MJ, Sung, Y-H, Threlfall, CG, Tonietto, R, Tothmeresz, B, Tscharntke, T, Turner, EC, Tylianakis, JM, Vanbergen, AJ, Vassilev, K, Verboven, HAF, Vergara, CH, Vergara, PM, Verhulst, J, Walker, TR, Wang, Y, Watling, JI, Wells, K, Williams, CD, Willig, MR, Woinarski, JCZ, Wolf, JHD, Woodcock, BA, Yu, DW, Zaitsev, AS, Collen, B, Ewers, RM, Mace, GM, Purves, DW, Scharlemann, JPW, Purvis, A, Hudson, LN, Newbold, T, Contu, S, Hill, SLL, Lysenko, I, De Palma, A, Phillips, HRP, Senior, RA, Bennett, DJ, Booth, H, Choimes, A, Correia, DLP, Day, J, Echeverria-Londono, S, Garon, M, Harrison, MLK, Ingram, DJ, Jung, M, Kemp, V, Kirkpatrick, L, Martin, CD, Pan, Y, White, HJ, Aben, J, Abrahamczyk, S, Adum, GB, Aguilar-Barquero, V, Aizen, MA, Ancrenaz, M, Arbelaez-Cortes, E, Armbrecht, I, Azhar, B, Azpiroz, AB, Baeten, L, Baldi, A, Banks, JE, Barlow, J, Batary, P, Bates, AJ, Bayne, EM, Beja, P, Berg, A, Berry, NJ, Bicknell, JE, Bihn, JH, Boehning-Gaese, K, Boekhout, T, Boutin, C, Bouyer, J, Brearley, FQ, Brito, I, Brunet, J, Buczkowski, G, Buscardo, E, Cabra-Garcia, J, Calvino-Cancela, M, Cameron, SA, Cancello, EM, Carrijo, TF, Carvalho, AL, Castro, H, Castro-Luna, AA, Cerda, R, Cerezo, A, Chauvat, M, Clarke, FM, Cleary, DFR, Connop, SP, D'Aniello, B, da Silva, PG, Darvill, B, Dauber, J, Dejean, A, Diekoetter, T, Dominguez-Haydar, Y, Dormann, CF, Dumont, B, Dures, SG, Dynesius, M, Edenius, L, Elek, Z, Entling, MH, Farwig, N, Fayle, TM, Felicioli, A, Felton, AM, Ficetola, GF, Filgueiras, BKC, Fonte, SJ, Fraser, LH, Fukuda, D, Furlani, D, Ganzhorn, JU, Garden, JG, Gheler-Costa, C, Giordani, P, Giordano, S, Gottschalk, MS, Goulson, D, Gove, AD, Grogan, J, Hanley, ME, Hanson, T, Hashim, NR, Hawes, JE, Hebert, C, Helden, AJ, Henden, J-A, Hernandez, L, Herzog, F, Higuera-Diaz, D, Hilje, B, Horgan, FG, Horvath, R, Hylander, K, Isaacs-Cubides, P, Ishitani, M, Jacobs, CT, Jaramillo, VJ, Jauker, B, Jonsell, M, Jung, TS, Kapoor, V, Kati, V, Katovai, E, Kessler, M, Knop, E, Kolb, A, Koroesi, A, Lachat, T, Lantschner, V, Le Feon, V, LeBuhn, G, Legare, J-P, Letcher, SG, Littlewood, NA, Lopez-Quintero, CA, Louhaichi, M, Loevei, GL, Lucas-Borja, ME, Luja, VH, Maeto, K, Magura, T, Mallari, NA, Marin-Spiotta, E, Marshall, EJP, Martinez, E, Mayfield, MM, Mikusinski, G, Milder, JC, Miller, JR, Morales, CL, Muchane, MN, Muchane, M, Naidoo, R, Nakamura, A, Naoe, S, Nates-Parra, G, Navarrete Gutierrez, DA, Neuschulz, EL, Noreika, N, Norfolk, O, Noriega, JA, Noeske, NM, O'Dea, N, Oduro, W, Ofori-Boateng, C, Oke, CO, Osgathorpe, LM, Paritsis, J, Parra-H, A, Pelegrin, N, Peres, CA, Persson, AS, Petanidou, T, Phalan, B, Philips, TK, Poveda, K, Power, EF, Presley, SJ, Proenca, V, Quaranta, M, Quintero, C, Redpath-Downing, NA, Reid, JL, Reis, YT, Ribeiro, DB, Richardson, BA, Richardson, MJ, Robles, CA, Roembke, J, Romero-Duque, LP, Rosselli, L, Rossiter, SJ, Roulston, TH, Rousseau, L, Sadler, JP, Safian, S, Saldana-Vazquez, RA, Samnegard, U, Schueepp, C, Schweiger, O, Sedlock, JL, Shahabuddin, G, Sheil, D, Silva, FAB, Slade, EM, Smith-Pardo, AH, Sodhi, NS, Somarriba, EJ, Sosa, RA, Stout, JC, Struebig, MJ, Sung, Y-H, Threlfall, CG, Tonietto, R, Tothmeresz, B, Tscharntke, T, Turner, EC, Tylianakis, JM, Vanbergen, AJ, Vassilev, K, Verboven, HAF, Vergara, CH, Vergara, PM, Verhulst, J, Walker, TR, Wang, Y, Watling, JI, Wells, K, Williams, CD, Willig, MR, Woinarski, JCZ, Wolf, JHD, Woodcock, BA, Yu, DW, Zaitsev, AS, Collen, B, Ewers, RM, Mace, GM, Purves, DW, Scharlemann, JPW, and Purvis, A
- Abstract
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – www.predicts.org.uk). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
- Published
- 2014
10. Mechanical ventilation in mass casualty scenarios. Augmenting staff: Project XTREME.
- Author
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Hanley ME and Bogdan GM
- Abstract
Disaster preparedness typically includes plans that address the need for surge capacity to manage mass-casualty events. A major concern of disaster preparedness in respiratory therapy focuses on responding to a sudden increase in the volume of patients who require mechanical ventilation. Plans for such disasters must include contingencies to address surge capacity in ventilator inventories and the respiratory therapy staff who will manage the ventilators. Tactics to address these situations include efforts to lower demand by transferring patients to other institutions as well as efforts to augment staffing levels. Staff can be augmented by mobilization of deployable teams of volunteers from outside the region and through exploitation of local resources. The latter includes strategies to recruit local respiratory therapists who are currently in either non-clinical or non-hospital-based positions and policies that optimize existing respiratory therapy resources within an institution by canceling elective surgeries, altering shift structure, and postponing vacations. An alternative approach would employ non-respiratory-therapy staff to assist in the management of patients with respiratory failure. Project XTREME (Cross-Training Respiratory Extenders for Medical Emergencies) is a cross-training program developed to facilitate training of non-respiratory-therapy health professionals to assist in the management of patients who require mechanical ventilation. It includes an interactive digital video disc as well as a competency validation laboratory and is designed to be performed at the time of an emergency. Pilot testing of the program suggests it is effective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2008
11. Enhanced healing of ulcers in patients with diabetes by topical treatment with glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine copper... lamin Gel.
- Author
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Mulder GD, Patt LM, Sanders L, Rosenstock J, Altman MI, Hanley ME, and Duncan GW
- Published
- 1994
12. Land Use Change Consistently Reduces α- But Not β- and γ-Diversity of Bees.
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Tsang TPN, De Santis AAA, Armas-Quiñonez G, Ascher JS, Ávila-Gómez ES, Báldi A, Ballare KM, Balzan MV, Banaszak-Cibicka W, Bänsch S, Basset Y, Bates AJ, Baumann JM, Beal-Neves M, Bennett A, Bezerra ADM, Blochtein B, Bommarco R, Brosi B, Burkle LA, Carvalheiro LG, Castellanos I, Cely-Santos M, Cohen H, Coulibaly D, Cunningham SA, Cusser S, Dajoz I, Delaney DA, Del-Val E, Egerer M, Eichhorn MP, Enríquez E, Entling MH, Escobedo-Kenefic N, Ferreira PMA, Fitch G, Forrest JRK, Fournier V, Fowler R, Freitas BM, Gaines-Day HR, Geslin B, Ghazoul J, Glaum P, Gonzalez-Andujar JL, González-Chaves A, Grab H, Gratton C, Guenat S, Gutiérrez-Chacón C, Hall MA, Hanley ME, Hass A, Hennig EI, Hermy M, Hipólito J, Holzschuh A, Hopfenmüller S, Hung KJ, Hylander K, Izquierdo J, Jamieson MA, Jauker B, Javorek S, Jha S, Klatt BK, Kleijn D, Klein AM, Kovács-Hostyánszki A, Krauss J, Kuhlmann M, Landaverde-González P, Latty T, Leong M, Lerman SB, Liu Y, Machado ACP, Main A, Mallinger R, Mandelik Y, Marques BF, Matteson K, McCune F, Meng LZ, Metzger JP, Montoya-Pfeiffer PM, Morales C, Morandin L, Morrison J, Mudri-Stojnić S, Nalinrachatakan P, Norfolk O, Otieno M, Park MG, Philpott SM, Pisanty G, Plascencia M, Potts SG, Power EF, Prendergast K, Quistberg RD, de Lacerda Ramos D, Rech AR, Reynolds V, Richards MH, Roberts SPM, Sabatino M, Samnegård U, Sardiñas H, Sánchez-Echeverría K, Saturni FT, Scheper J, Sciligo AR, Sidhu CS, Spiesman BJ, Sritongchuay T, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stein K, Stewart AB, Stout JC, Taki H, Tangtorwongsakul P, Threlfall CG, Tinoco CF, Tscharntke T, Turo KJ, Vaidya C, Vandame R, Vergara CH, Viana BF, Vides-Borrell E, Warrit N, Webb E, Westphal C, Wickens JB, Williams NM, Williams NSG, Wilson CJ, Wu P, Youngsteadt E, Zou Y, Ponisio LC, and Bonebrake TC
- Abstract
Land use change threatens global biodiversity and compromises ecosystem functions, including pollination and food production. Reduced taxonomic α-diversity is often reported under land use change, yet the impacts could be different at larger spatial scales (i.e., γ-diversity), either due to reduced β-diversity amplifying diversity loss or increased β-diversity dampening diversity loss. Additionally, studies often focus on taxonomic diversity, while other important biodiversity components, including phylogenetic diversity, can exhibit differential responses. Here, we evaluated how agricultural and urban land use alters the taxonomic and phylogenetic α-, β-, and γ-diversity of an important pollinator taxon-bees. Using a multicontinental dataset of 3117 bee assemblages from 157 studies, we found that taxonomic α-diversity was reduced by 16%-18% in both agricultural and urban habitats relative to natural habitats. Phylogenetic α-diversity was decreased by 11%-12% in agricultural and urban habitats. Compared with natural habitats, taxonomic and phylogenetic β-diversity increased by 11% and 6% in urban habitats, respectively, but exhibited no systematic change in agricultural habitats. We detected a 22% decline in taxonomic γ-diversity and a 17% decline in phylogenetic γ-diversity in agricultural habitats, but γ-diversity of urban habitats was not significantly different from natural habitats. These findings highlight the threat of agricultural expansions to large-scale bee diversity due to systematic γ-diversity decline. In addition, while both urbanization and agriculture lead to consistent declines in α-diversity, their impacts on β- or γ-diversity vary, highlighting the need to study the effects of land use change at multiple scales., (© 2025 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2025
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13. Effect of biodegradable and conventional microplastic exposure in combination with seawater inundation on the coastal terrestrial plant Plantago coronopus.
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Courtene-Jones W, Cheung SWH, Thompson RC, and Hanley ME
- Subjects
- Biodegradation, Environmental, Biomass, Ecosystem, Floods, Polyethylene Terephthalates, Seawater chemistry, Microplastics toxicity, Water Pollutants, Chemical toxicity, Plantago drug effects, Plantago physiology
- Abstract
Coastal ecosystems face a multitude of pressures including plastic pollution and increased flood risk due to sea level rise and the frequency and severity of storms. Experiments seldom examine multiple stressors such as these, but here we quantified the effect of microplastics (polyethylene terephthalate (PET): a durable plastic and polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT): a biodegradable polymer), in combination with simulated seawater inundation on the coastal species Plantago coronopus. After 35-days exposure to plastic (0.02 g.Kg
-1 , <300 μm diameter), P. coronopus were flooded to pot height with artificial seawater for 72-h, drained and grown for a further 24-days. Plant mortality, necrosis and photosynthetic efficiency (Fv /Fm ) were recorded throughout, with root:shoot biomass and scape production (flower stalks) quantified at harvest. There were significant interactions between microplastics and seawater on the root:shoot ratio; a measure of resource allocation. The allocation to belowground biomass increased significantly under the PET + inundation treatment compared to the PBAT + inundation and the no plastic + inundation treatments, with potential consequences on the capture of water, nutrients and sunlight, which can affect plant performance. Plant necrosis significantly increased, and Fv /Fm declined as a result of seawater inundation. While not significant, plant Fv /Fm responses were influenced by microplastics (17% and 7% reduction in PBAT and PET exposure respectively compared to the no plastic control). Plants mediated this stress response with no discernible treatment-specific effects detected in Fv /Fm 14-days after seawater introduction. Plastic exposure significantly influenced potential reproductive output, with lower average scape numbers across PBAT treatments, but higher in PET treatments. This study highlights the complex interactions and potential for microplastics to present an elevated risk when in combination with additional stressors like seawater flooding; establishing the threat presented to ecosystem resilience in a changing world is a priority., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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14. The Relationship Between Maturation Size and Maximum Tree Size From Tropical to Boreal Climates.
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Journé V, Bogdziewicz M, Courbaud B, Kunstler G, Qiu T, Acuña MA, Ascoli D, Bergeron Y, Berveiller D, Boivin T, Bonal R, Caignard T, Cailleret M, Calama R, Camarero JJ, Chang-Yang CH, Chave J, Chianucci F, Curt T, Cutini A, Das A, Daskalakou E, Davi H, Delpierre N, Delzon S, Dietze M, Calderon SD, Dormont L, Espelta JM, Farfan-Rios W, Fenner M, Franklin J, Gehring C, Gilbert G, Gratzer G, Greenberg CH, Guignabert A, Guo Q, Hacket-Pain A, Hampe A, Han Q, Hanley ME, Lambers JHR, Holík J, Hoshizaki K, Ibanez I, Johnstone JF, Knops JMH, Kobe RK, Kurokawa H, Lageard J, LaMontagne J, Ledwon M, Lefèvre F, Leininger T, Limousin JM, Lutz J, Macias D, Mårell A, McIntire E, Moran EV, Motta R, Myers J, Nagel TA, Naoe S, Noguchi M, Norghauer J, Oguro M, Ourcival JM, Parmenter R, Pearse I, Pérez-Ramos IM, Piechnik Ł, Podgórski T, Poulsen J, Redmond MD, Reid CD, Samonil P, Scher CL, Schlesinger WH, Seget B, Sharma S, Shibata M, Silman M, Steele M, Stephenson N, Straub J, Sutton S, Swenson JJ, Swift M, Thomas PA, Uriarte M, Vacchiano G, Whipple A, Whitham T, Wright SJ, Zhu K, Zimmerman J, Żywiec M, and Clark JS
- Subjects
- Climate Change, Reproduction, Forests, Trees growth & development, Tropical Climate
- Abstract
The fundamental trade-off between current and future reproduction has long been considered to result in a tendency for species that can grow large to begin reproduction at a larger size. Due to the prolonged time required to reach maturity, estimates of tree maturation size remain very rare and we lack a global view on the generality and the shape of this trade-off. Using seed production from five continents, we estimate tree maturation sizes for 486 tree species spanning tropical to boreal climates. Results show that a species' maturation size increases with maximum size, but in a non-proportional way: the largest species begin reproduction at smaller sizes than would be expected if maturation were simply proportional to maximum size. Furthermore, the decrease in relative maturation size is steepest in cold climates. These findings on maturation size drivers are key to accurately represent forests' responses to disturbance and climate change., (© 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
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15. Scale-dependent topographic complexity underpins abundance and spatial distribution of ecosystem engineers on natural and artificial structures.
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Bauer F, Knights AM, Griffin JN, Hanley ME, Foggo A, Brown A, Jones E, and Firth LB
- Subjects
- Animals, Urbanization, Thoracica, Conservation of Natural Resources methods, Environmental Monitoring methods, Ecosystem, Biodiversity
- Abstract
In response to ongoing coastal urbanization, it is critical to develop effective methods to improve the biodiversity and ecological sustainability of artificial shorelines. Enhancing the topographic complexity of coastal infrastructure through the mimicry of natural substrata may facilitate the establishment of ecosystem engineering species and associated biogenic habitat formation. However, interactions between ecosystem engineers and their substratum are likely determined by organismal size and resource needs, thus making responses to topography highly scale-dependent. Here, we assessed the topographic properties (rugosity, surface area, micro-surface orientations) that underpin the abundance and distribution of two ecosystem engineers (fucoids, limpets) across six spatial scales (1-500 mm). Furthermore, we assessed the 'biogenic' rugosity created by barnacle matrices across fine scales (1-20 mm). Field surveys and 3D scanning, conducted across natural and artificial substrata, showed major effects of rugosity and associated topographic variables on ecosystem engineer assemblages and spatial occupancy, while additional abiotic environmental factors (compass direction, wave exposure) and biotic associations only had weak influences. Natural substrata exhibited ≤67 % higher rugosity than artificial ones. Fucoid-covered patches were predominantly associated with high-rugosity substrata and horizontal micro-surfaces, while homescars of limpets (≥15 mm shell length) predominated on smoother substratum patches. Barnacle-driven rugosity homogenized substrata at scales ≤10 mm. Our findings suggest that scale-dependent rugosity is a key driver of fucoid habitat formation and limpet habitat use, with wider eco-engineering applications for mimicking ecologically impactful topography on coastal infrastructure., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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16. Deterioration of bio-based polylactic acid plastic teabags under environmental conditions and their associated effects on earthworms.
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Courtene-Jones W, Burgevin F, Munns L, Shillam MBT, De Falco F, Buchard A, Handy RD, Thompson RC, and Hanley ME
- Subjects
- Animals, Plastics, Soil chemistry, Oligochaeta physiology, Polyesters, Soil Pollutants toxicity
- Abstract
In response to the plastic waste crisis, teabag producers have substituted the petrochemical-plastic content of their products with bio-based, biodegradable polymers such as polylactic acid (PLA). Despite widespread use, the degradation rate of PLA/PLA-blended materials in natural soil and their effects on soil biota are poorly understood. This study examined the percentage mass deterioration of teabags with differing cellulose:PLA compositions following burial (-10 cm depth) in an arable field margin for 7-months, using a suite of analytical techniques, such as size exclusion chromatography,
1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, dynamic scanning calorimetry, and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of 28-d exposure to teabag discs at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.02 %, 0.04 % and 0.07 % w/w) on the survival, growth and reproduction (OECD TG 222 protocol) of the key soil detritivore Eisenia fetida was assessed in laboratory trials. After 7-month burial, Tbag-A (2.4:1 blend) and Tbag-B (3.5:1 cellulose:PLA blend) lost 66 ± 5 % and 78 ± 4 % of their total mass, primarily attributed to degradation of cellulose as identified by FTIR spectroscopy and a reduction in the cellulose:PLA mass ratio, while Tbag-C (PLA) remained unchanged. There were clear treatment and dose-specific effects on the growth and reproductive output of E. fetida. At 0.07 % w/w of Tbag-A adult mortality marginally increased (15 %) and both the quantity of egg cocoons and the average mass of juveniles also increased, while at concentrations ≥0.04 % w/w of Tbag-C, the quantity of cocoons was suppressed. Adverse effects are comparable to those reported for non-biodegradable petrochemical-based plastic, demonstrating that bio-based PLA does not offer a more 'environmentally friendly' alternative. Our study emphasises the necessity to better understand the environmental fate and ecotoxicity of PLA/PLA-blends to ensure interventions developed through the UN Plastic Pollution Treaty to use alternatives and substitutes to conventional plastics do not result in unintended negative consequences., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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17. Topography-based modulation of environmental factors as a mechanism for intertidal microhabitat formation: A basis for marine ecological design.
- Author
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Bauer F, Knights AM, Hanley ME, Griffin JN, Foggo A, Brown A, and Firth LB
- Subjects
- Animals, Ecosystem, Aquatic Organisms
- Abstract
Topographic complexity is often considered to be closely associated with habitat complexity and niche diversity; however, complex topography per se does not imply habitat suitability. Rather, ecologically suitable habitats may emerge if topographic features interact with environmental factors and thereby alter their surrounding microenvironment to the benefit of local organisms (e.g., resource provisioning, stress mitigation). Topography may thus act as a key modulator of abiotic stressors and biotic pressures, particularly in environmentally challenging intertidal systems. Here, we review how topography can alter microhabitat conditions with respect to four resources required by intertidal organisms: a source of energy (light, suspended food particles, prey, detritus), water (hydration, buffering of light, temperature and hydrodynamics), shelter (temperature, wave exposure, predation), and habitat space (substratum area, propagule settlement, movement). We synthesize mechanisms and quantitative findings of how environmental factors can be altered through topography and suggest an organism-centered 'form-follows-ecological-function' approach to designing multifunctional marine infrastructure., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2024
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18. Victim of changes? Marine macroalgae in a changing world.
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Hanley ME, Firth LB, and Foggo A
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, Photosynthesis, Climate Change, Seaweed physiology
- Abstract
Background: Marine macroalgae ('seaweeds') are a diverse and globally distributed group of photosynthetic organisms that together generate considerable primary productivity, provide an array of different habitats for other organisms, and contribute many important ecosystem functions and services. As a result of continued anthropogenic stress on marine systems, many macroalgal species and habitats face an uncertain future, risking their vital contribution to global productivity and ecosystem service provision., Scope: After briefly considering the remarkable taxonomy and ecological distribution of marine macroalgae, we review how the threats posed by a combination of anthropogenically induced stressors affect seaweed species and communities. From there we highlight five critical avenues for further research to explore (long-term monitoring, use of functional traits, focus on early ontogeny, biotic interactions and impact of marine litter on coastal vegetation)., Conclusions: Although there are considerable parallels with terrestrial vascular plant responses to the many threats posed by anthropogenic stressors, we note that the impacts of some (e.g. habitat loss) are much less keenly felt in the oceans than on land. Nevertheless, and in common with terrestrial plant communities, the impact of climate change will inevitably be the most pernicious threat to the future persistence of seaweed species, communities and service provision. While understanding macroalgal responses to simultaneous environmental stressors is inevitably a complex exercise, our attempt to highlight synergies with terrestrial systems, and provide five future research priorities to elucidate some of the important trends and mechanisms of response, may yet offer some small contribution to this goal., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
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19. The north-south divide? Macroalgal functional trait diversity and redundancy varies with intertidal aspect.
- Author
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Amstutz A, Firth LB, Foggo A, Spicer JI, and Hanley ME
- Subjects
- Plants, Phenotype, England, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Seaweed
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Marine macroalgae ('seaweeds') are critical to coastal ecosystem structure and function, but also vulnerable to the many environmental changes associated with anthropogenic climate change (ACC). The local habitat conditions underpinning observed and predicted ACC-driven changes in intertidal macroalgal communities are complex and probably site-specific and operate in addition to more commonly reported regional factors such as sea surface temperatures., Methods: We examined how the composition and functional trait expression of macroalgal communities in SW England varied with aspect (i.e. north-south orientation) at four sites with opposing Equator- (EF) and Pole-facing (PF) surfaces. Previous work at these sites had established that average annual (low tide) temperatures vary by 1.6 °C and that EF-surfaces experience six-fold more frequent extremes (i.e. >30 °C)., Key Results: PF macroalgal communities were consistently more taxon rich; 11 taxa were unique to PF habitats, with only one restricted to EF. Likewise, functional richness and dispersion were greater on PF-surfaces (dominated by algae with traits linked to rapid resource capture and utilization, but low desiccation tolerance), although differences in both taxon and functional richness were probably driven by the fact that less diverse EF-surfaces were dominated by desiccation-tolerant fucoids., Conclusions: Although we cannot disentangle the influence of temperature variation on algal ecophysiology from the indirect effects of aspect on species interactions (niche pre-emption, competition, grazing, etc.), our study system provides an excellent model for understanding how environmental variation at local scales affects community composition and functioning. By virtue of enhanced taxonomic diversity, PF-aspects supported higher functional diversity and, consequently, greater effective functional redundancy. These differences may imbue PF-aspects with resilience against environmental perturbation, but if predicted increases in global temperatures are realized, some PF-sites may shift to a depauperate, desiccation-tolerant seaweed community with a concomitant loss of functional diversity and redundancy., (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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20. Metrics matter: Multiple diversity metrics at different spatial scales are needed to understand species diversity in urban environments.
- Author
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O'Shaughnessy KA, Knights AM, Hawkins SJ, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, and Firth LB
- Subjects
- Biodiversity, Urbanization, Ecosystem, Benchmarking
- Abstract
Worldwide, natural habitats are being replaced by artificial structures due to urbanisation. Planning of such modifications should strive for environmental net gain that benefits biodiversity and ecosystems. Alpha (α) and gamma (γ) diversity are often used to assess 'impact' but are insensitive metrics. We test several diversity measures across two spatial scales to compare species diversity in natural and artificial habitats. We show γ-diversity indicates equivalency in biodiversity between natural and artificial habitats, but natural habitats support greater taxon (α) and functional richness. Within-site β-diversity was also greater in natural habitats, but among-site β-diversity was greater in artificial habitats, contradicting the commonly held view that urban ecosystems are more biologically homogenous than natural ecosystems. This study suggests artificial habitats may in fact provide novel habitat for biodiversity, challenges the applicability of the urban homogenisation concept and highlights a significant limitation of using just α-diversity (i.e., multiple metrics are needed and recommended) for assessing environmental net gain and attaining biodiversity conservation goals., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
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21. Hyperbaric Treatment Of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
- Author
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Hanley ME, Hendriksen S, and Cooper JS
- Abstract
Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a relatively rare emergency and potentially devastating condition of the eye. Patients present with sudden, painless monocular vision loss. The prognosis for visual recovery is poor, and up until recently, no treatment could be offered to restore at least some functional vision to the affected eye. The retina has the highest oxygen consumption rate of any organ in the body at 13 mL/100 gm per min. Retinal tissue is not tolerant of hypoxia. Until 2006 when hyperbaric oxygen therapy was approved for treatment of central retinal artery occlusion, ophthalmologists had no treatment options for these patients. It is still a vastly underutilized modality, partially due to lack of availability and lack of knowledge in the ophthalmology community., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
- Published
- 2022
22. Hyperbaric Treatment Of Chronic Refractory Osteomyelitis
- Author
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Hanley ME, Hendriksen S, and Cooper JS
- Abstract
Osteomyelitis is infection of the bone or marrow caused by bacteria or mycobacteria. It is difficult to treat due to the relative paucity of blood vessels in bone and the fact that many antimicrobials do not penetrate bone well. Refractory osteomyelitis is a chronic osteomyelitis that does not respond or that returns after appropriate treatment. Patients presenting with osteomyelitis to the spine, skull, or sternum have a high risk for morbidity and mortality from this infection. The standard treatment for chronic and refractory osteomyelitis include surgical debridement and culture directed antibiotics. Hyperbaric oxygen treatments can be considered an American Heart Association (AHA) Class II recommendation for the treatment of chronic, refractory osteomyelitis. In patients with Wagner grade 3 or 4 diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) with osteomyelitis, adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy is an AHA Class I intervention. Recent studies have postulated that up to 20% of patients presenting to Wound Care Centers for treatment of Wagner 3 Diabetic foot ulcers already have Osteomyelitis. Infection in bone is one of the causes of a nonhealing wound, and should be suspected and tested for sooner rather than later when a patient presents with a chronic, nonhealing wound. , (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
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- 2022
23. Hyperbaric Treatment Of Diabetic Foot Ulcer
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Hanley ME and Manna B
- Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) occur in approximately 15% of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and are commonly located on the plantar weight-bearing surfaces of the foot. Of those patients who develop a diabetic foot ulcer, 6% will be hospitalized for infection or other ulcer-related complications, and 1% of these will require amputation. Complications in patients with diabetes are the leading cause of nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations. This activity discusses hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an effective treatment option., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
- Published
- 2022
24. Carbon Monoxide Toxicity
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Hanley ME and Patel PH
- Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) is released into the environment by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous materials. The sources of CO are plentiful, and except carbon dioxide (CO2), CO is the most abundant pollutant in the lower environment. It is tasteless, odorless, and colorless, and victims are usually rendered unconscious before they realize they are being poisoned. The effects of CO poisoning on humans are variable, and healthcare professionals are just beginning to understand these effects better., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
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- 2022
25. Hyperbaric Treatment Of Delayed Radiation Injury
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Cooper JS, Hanley ME, Hendriksen S, and Robins M
- Abstract
There will be 1.2 million cases of invasive cancer diagnosed in the United States this year. Half of those patients will receive radiation therapy as part of their treatment program. Serious radiation complications will occur in 5% of patients receiving radiation therapy. This represents about 30,000 cases per year. Radiation is dosed in Rads and Grays: 1 rad = 1 centigray (cGy) = 100 ergs of energy per gm of tissue Often, delayed effects of radiation are diagnosed when an additional insult to the tissue such as surgery or trauma occurs., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
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- 2022
26. Osteoradionecrosis
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Davis DD, Hanley ME, and Cooper JS
- Abstract
Treatment of malignancies with ionizing radiation has saved countless lives in the past 50 years. However, a small percentage of patients treated with radiation for head and neck cancers will develop osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the jaw. Patients treated with more than 6000 centigrays (cGy) of radiation have an approximately 9% incidence of developing mandibular osteoradionecrosis. A newer radiation technique called intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) has been reported to have a lower incidence of mandibular osteoradionecrosis. Some of these patients will develop exposed intraoral mandibular bone. Many of these patients will go on to heal spontaneously and without complications, but some will develop osteomyelitis and even fractures of the mandible leading to eventual soft tissue necrosis. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment has become a mainstay treatment for osteoradionecrosis. An interprofessional team consisting of oral maxillofacial surgeons, dentists, undersea and hyperbaric medicine specialists, infectious disease specialists, and radiation oncologists can optimize treatment for patients who develop osteoradionecrosis as a complication of radiation treatment. Hyperbaric treatments should be given adjunctively with surgical debridement and appropriate culture-directed antibiotic therapy to provide the most optimal outcome., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
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- 2022
27. Hyperbaric Evaluation and Treatment Of Cyanide Toxicity
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Hanley ME and Murphy-Lavoie HM
- Abstract
Cyanide toxicity occurs commonly in patients with smoke inhalation who have been removed from burning structures. Cyanide forms as a result of incomplete combustion of materials containing nitrogen (plastics, vinyl, acrylics, nylon, neoprene, rubber, insulation). Patients presenting from structure fires with carbon monoxide poisoning should be assumed to have been exposed to toxic levels of cyanide as well since most modern buildings contain these materials. Other sources include workplace exposure, prolonged administration of sodium nitroprusside, insecticides, metalworking, bitter almonds, and the seeds of some fruits such as apricots. Hydrogen cyanide has also been used in chemical warfare (gas chambers in German concentration camps in World War II) because inhalation leads quickly to death., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
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- 2022
28. Hyperbaric Treatment Of Radiation Proctitis
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Cooper JS and Hanley ME
- Abstract
Radiation therapy of the pelvis is used to treat a variety of cancers, for example, ovarian, uterine, cervical, prostate, bladder, and rectal cancers. Radiation damage to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract can occur, yet the treatment is beneficial in fighting cancer. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy combats this otherwise difficult-to-treat complication of radiation therapy., (Copyright © 2022, StatPearls Publishing LLC.)
- Published
- 2022
29. Facing up to climate change: Community composition varies with aspect and surface temperature in the rocky intertidal.
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Amstutz A, Firth LB, Spicer JI, and Hanley ME
- Subjects
- Animals, Climate Change, Ecosystem, Temperature, Gastropoda, Thoracica
- Abstract
Marine rocky intertidal organisms are amongst those most affected by climate change with regional distributional changes observed for many species. Although often ascribed to increased sea surface temperatures, precise assessment of the local habitat conditions underpinning observed and predicted changes in community assembly is lacking. Here we examine how aspect (i.e. north-south orientation) affects intertidal community composition and how rock surface temperatures and stress responses of two dominant grazer species (Patella spp.) elucidate emergent differences. We quantified year-round temperature variation and surveyed intertidal community composition on paired natural rock gullies with Equator- (EF) and Pole-facing (PF) surfaces. We also investigated variation in limpet (Patella spp.) reproductive phenology and osmotic stress. Average annual temperatures were 0.8 °C (1.6 °C at low tide) higher, with six-fold more frequent extremes (i.e. > 30 °C) on EF than PF surfaces. Intertidal community composition varied with aspect across trophic levels with greater overall species richness, abundance of primary producers and grazers on PF-surfaces, and greater barnacle abundance on EF-surfaces. Although species richness of organisms from different biogeographical origins ('Boreal' or 'Lusitanian') did not vary, the Lusitanian limpet Patella depressa exhibited earlier reproductive development on EF-surfaces and both limpet species exhibited greater thermal stress on EF-surfaces. We argue that our study system provides a good model for understanding how temperature variation at local scales can affect community composition, as well as ecophysiological and ecological responses to climate change and so better inform and predict regional range shifts over coming decades., (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
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30. Occurrence and assemblage composition of intertidal non-native species may be influenced by shipping patterns and artificial structures.
- Author
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O'Shaughnessy KA, Hawkins SJ, Yunnie ALE, Hanley ME, Lunt P, Thompson RC, and Firth LB
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, England, Biodiversity, Introduced Species
- Abstract
Habitat modification coupled with the spread of non-native species (NNS) are among the top threats to marine biodiversity globally. Species are known to be transported to new locations via international shipping and secondarily spread via regional vessels and artificial structures. Rapid Assessment Surveys (RAS) combining quantitative and semi-quantitative methods compared NNS richness and assemblage composition on intertidal natural rocky shores and artificial structures in harbours in different regions along the south coast of England. Quantitative data showed that artificial habitats supported higher richness than natural habitats, while semi-quantitative data found no difference in richness among habitat types. This result was attributed to additional species found in rock pools during searches of complex microhabitats in natural habitats. Assemblages on artificial structures differed among regions, with regions and harbours with greater numbers of vessels supporting greater richness. Results highlight the importance of shipping and artificial structures for NNS introduction and spread., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2018. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
- Published
- 2020
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31. A pinch of salt: response of coastal grassland plants to simulated seawater inundation treatments.
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Hanley ME, Sanders SKD, Stanton HM, Billington RA, and Boden R
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- Grassland, Oceans and Seas, Salinity, Seawater, Ecosystem, Sodium Chloride
- Abstract
Background and Aims: The combination of rising sea levels and increased storm frequency and intensity is predicted to increase the severity of oceanic storm surge events and the impact of flooding on coastal ecosystems globally. Understanding how plant communities respond to this threat necessitates experiments involving plant immersion in saline water, but logistical issues and natural variation in seawater composition mean that pure NaCl solutions or marine aquarium salts (MS) are widely used. Nonetheless, their comparative impact on plant ecophysiology, and thus relevance to understanding real-world flooding scenarios, is unknown., Methods: In the first of two experiments, we examined how six ecophysiological responses in white clover (Trifolium repens) varied when plants were subjected to five different inundation treatments: deionized water, natural seawater, an MS solution and two NaCl solutions. In a second experiment, we examined how immersion in deionized water, MS solution and natural seawater affected six European perennial herb species, three native to Spanish sand dunes, and three from British coastal grasslands., Results: The two NaCl solutions induced exceptional Trifolium mortality, but responses varied little between MS and seawater treatments. In the second experiment, although leaf tissue necrosis and proline concentrations increased, and growth decreased compared with untreated controls, only one response in one species varied between MS and seawater treatments. Chemical speciation modelling revealed major variation in free Na+ and Cl- between NaCl solutions and seawater, but minor differences between MS and seawater., Conclusions: We show that NaCl solutions are unsuitable surrogates to investigate plant response to elevated environmental salinity. Although responses to natural seawater and MS were consistent within species, there was notable between-species variation. Consequently, the first steps to elucidating how these species-specific responses influence coastal plant community recovery following storm surge can likely be achieved using commercial marine aquarium salts as substitutes for natural seawater., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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32. The gathering storm: optimizing management of coastal ecosystems in the face of a climate-driven threat.
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Hanley ME, Bouma TJ, and Mossman HL
- Subjects
- Ecology, Floods, Forests, Climate Change, Ecosystem
- Abstract
Background: The combination of rising sea levels and increased likelihood of extreme storm events poses a major threat to our coastlines and as a result, many ecosystems recognized and valued for their important contribution to coastal defence face increased damage from erosion and flooding. Nevertheless, only recently have we begun to examine how plant species and communities, respond to, and recover from, the many disturbances associated with storm events., Scope: We review how the threats posed by a combination of sea level rise and storms affects coastal sub-, inter- and supra-tidal plant communities. We consider ecophysiological impacts at the level of the individual plant, but also how ecological interactions at the community level, and responses at landscape scale, inform our understanding of how and why an increasing frequency and intensity of storm damage are vital to effective coastal management. While noting how research is centred on the impact of hurricanes in the US Gulf region, we take a global perspective and consider how ecosystems worldwide (e.g. seagrass, kelp forests, sand dunes, saltmarsh and mangroves) respond to storm damage and contribute to coastal defence., Conclusions: The threats posed by storms to coastal plant communities are undoubtedly severe, but, beyond this obvious conclusion, we highlight four research priority areas. These call for studies focusing on (1) how storm disturbance affects plant reproduction and recruitment; (2) plant response to the multiple stressors associated with anthropogenic climate change and storm events; (3) the role of ecosystem-level interactions in dictating post-disturbance recovery; and (4) models and long-term monitoring to better predict where and how storms and other climate change-driven phenomena impact coastal ecosystems and services. In so doing, we argue how plant scientists must work with geomorphologists and environmental agencies to protect the unique biodiversity and pivotal contribution to coastal defence delivered by maritime plant communities., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Simulated seawater flooding reduces oilseed rape growth, yield and progeny performance.
- Author
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Hanley ME, Hartley FC, Hayes L, and Franco M
- Subjects
- Floods, Germination, Seawater, Seeds, Brassica napus
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Of the many threats to global food security, one of the most pressing is the increased incidence of extreme weather events. In addition to extreme rainfall, a combination of global sea level rise and storm surge is likely to result in frequent episodes of seawater flooding in arable systems along low-lying coasts. Our aim was to elucidate the effects of simulated seawater and freshwater flooding on the survival, growth and reproductive potential of four cultivars of the important seed crop, Brassica napus [canola, or oilseed rape (OSR)]., Methods: Established plants were exposed to 24 or 96 h freshwater or seawater root zone immersion (with a no immersion 'control'). Initial post-treatment performance over 7 weeks was quantified using dry weight biomass. A second group of plants, cultivated until maturity, were used to quantify reproductive yield (siliqua and seed number, and seed size) and subsequent progeny performance (germination and seedling growth)., Results: Oilseed rape growth and reproductive responses were unaffected by freshwater, but seawater negatively affected growth and siliqua number for all cultivars, and seed mass for two ('Agatha' and 'Cubic'). In addition to impacts on crop yield, the growth of seedlings cultivated from seed collected from maternal plants subjected to seawater immersion was also reduced., Conclusions: Our results demonstrate the potential impact of seawater inundation on coastal cropping systems; although OSR may survive acute saline flooding, there are longer term impacts on growth and yield for some cultivars. The threat may necessitate changes in land-use practice and/or the development of salt-tolerant cultivars to maintain economically viable yields. In addition, by evidencing a hitherto unknown effect on reproductive performance (i.e. reduced seed yield) and subsequent seedling growth, our study highlights an important potential impact of coastal flooding on plant community dynamics for (semi-) natural habitats., (© The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2020
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34. Climate variation, reproductive frequency and acorn yield in English Oaks.
- Author
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Hanley ME, Cook BI, and Fenner M
- Abstract
Aims : Annually variable, but synchronous production of large seed crops ('masting') is a widespread phenomenon in temperate trees. Mounting concerns about the impacts of anthropogenic climate change (ACC) on plant reproduction, gives urgency to our need to understand better the role of climate on tree reproduction, and in particular, mast events. Unlike our understanding of reproductive phenology however, there is little consensus regarding how climate affects plant reproductive effort, or indeed the actual environmental triggers that underpin masting behaviour., Methods : We used a 27-year record of acorn yield from a population of 12 Quercus robur trees located in southern England to compare masting frequency and post-dispersal acorn yield each year for each tree, with long-term weather data over the same period. We focussed on discrete or sequential climate cues (temperature, precipitation, and frost days) as likely predictors of oak reproduction., Important Findings : Annual post-dispersal acorn crop varied greatly; i.e. no acorns in 14 of the 27 years, but there was no sequential pattern of crop versus non-crop years indicating that weather, rather than resource limitation alone, dictated the timing of reproduction. Crop years were instead most closely associated with relatively cool late summer conditions in the preceding year, followed by anomalous summer warmth within crop year. Acorn yield increased following dry April and above average May and June temperatures within crop year. Although our results support a general association between warm late spring and summer conditions, and crop frequency and yield respectively, the influence of cooler later summer conditions in the year prior to masting highlights how a combination of weather cues may dictate the occurrence of mast years. Consequently, our results corroborate not only the hypothesis that temperature differentials between consecutive years, not absolute temperatures, may be the better predictor of mast seeding events, but lend support also to the suggestion that reproductive failure and resource accumulation resulting from a climate-linked environmental veto, drives future reproductive synchronization in temperate tree species.
- Published
- 2019
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35. Model vs. experiment to predict crop losses.
- Author
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Parmesan C, Hanley ME, and Singer MC
- Subjects
- Animals, Climate, Insecta
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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36. Riding on the wind: volatile compounds dictate selection of grassland seedlings by snails.
- Author
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Hanley ME, Shannon RWR, Lemoine DG, Sandey B, Newland PL, and Poppy GM
- Subjects
- Animals, Antibiosis, Grassland, Pheromones, Seedlings chemistry, Food Chain, Helix, Snails physiology, Herbivory, Magnoliopsida chemistry, Volatile Organic Compounds metabolism
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Seedling herbivory is an important selective filter in many plant communities. The removal of preferred food plants by both vertebrate and, more commonly, invertebrate herbivores can destroy entire seedling cohorts, and consequently dictate plant community assembly. Nevertheless, our understanding of how and why some seedlings are more prone to herbivore attack than their neighbours remains limited. For seedlings, where even minor tissue damage is fatal, avoiding contact with herbivores is probably advantageous and, on this basis, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are strong candidates to fulfil a primary defensive role., Methods: We quantified seedling selection by snails (Cornu aspersum) for 14 common, European grassland species. Seedling acceptability was subsequently compared with species-specific expression of constitutive secondary defence metabolites (CSDMs), and VOCs to determine their relative influence on seedling selection., Results: We found no relationship between seedling acceptability and CSDMs, but seedling selection was strongly associated with VOC profiles. Monoterpenes (specifically β-ocimene) were identified as likely attractants, while green leaf volatiles (GLVs) (3-hexen-1-ol acetate) were strongly associated with low seedling acceptability., Conclusions: By elucidating a relationship between VOCs and seedling acceptability, we contradict a long-held, but poorly tested, assumption that seedling selection by herbivores in (semi-)natural plant communities centres on CSDMs. Instead, our results corroborate recent work showing how GLVs, including 3-hexen-1-ol acetate, deter crop seedling selection by molluscs. Although our failure to establish any early-ontogenetic relationship between VOCs and CSDMs also suggests that the former do not 'advertise' possession of the latter, we nevertheless reveal the role that VOCs play in defending seedlings against herbivory before lethal damage occurs.
- Published
- 2018
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37. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition on petals enhances seed quality of the forest herb Anemone nemorosa.
- Author
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De Frenne P, Blondeel H, Brunet J, Carón MM, Chabrerie O, Cougnon M, Cousins SAO, Decocq G, Diekmann M, Graae BJ, Hanley ME, Heinken T, Hermy M, Kolb A, Lenoir J, Liira J, Orczewska A, Shevtsova A, Vanneste T, and Verheyen K
- Subjects
- Anemone chemistry, Anemone metabolism, Atmosphere, Climate, Europe, Flowers chemistry, Forests, Nitrogen analysis, Reproduction physiology, Anemone physiology, Flowers metabolism, Nitrogen metabolism, Seeds physiology
- Abstract
Elevated atmospheric input of nitrogen (N) is currently affecting plant biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. The growth and survival of numerous plant species is known to respond strongly to N fertilisation. Yet, few studies have assessed the effects of N deposition on seed quality and reproductive performance, which is an important life-history stage of plants. Here we address this knowledge gap by assessing the effects of atmospheric N deposition on seed quality of the ancient forest herb Anemone nemorosa using two complementary approaches. By taking advantage of the wide spatiotemporal variation in N deposition rates in pan-European temperate and boreal forests over 2 years, we detected positive effects of N deposition on the N concentration (percentage N per unit seed mass, increased from 2.8% to 4.1%) and N content (total N mass per seed more than doubled) of A. nemorosa seeds. In a complementary experiment, we applied ammonium nitrate to aboveground plant tissues and the soil surface to determine whether dissolved N sources in precipitation could be incorporated into seeds. Although the addition of N to leaves and the soil surface had no effect, a concentrated N solution applied to petals during anthesis resulted in increased seed mass, seed N concentration and N content. Our results demonstrate that N deposition on the petals enhances bioaccumulation of N in the seeds of A. nemorosa. Enhanced atmospheric inputs of N can thus not only affect growth and population dynamics via root or canopy uptake, but can also influence seed quality and reproduction via intake through the inflorescences., (© 2018 German Society for Plant Sciences and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands.)
- Published
- 2018
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38. The city as a refuge for insect pollinators.
- Author
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Hall DM, Camilo GR, Tonietto RK, Ollerton J, Ahrné K, Arduser M, Ascher JS, Baldock KC, Fowler R, Frankie G, Goulson D, Gunnarsson B, Hanley ME, Jackson JI, Langellotto G, Lowenstein D, Minor ES, Philpott SM, Potts SG, Sirohi MH, Spevak EM, Stone GN, and Threlfall CG
- Subjects
- Animals, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Insecta, Mammals, Bees, Cities, Conservation of Natural Resources, Urbanization
- Abstract
Research on urban insect pollinators is changing views on the biological value and ecological importance of cities. The abundance and diversity of native bee species in urban landscapes that are absent in nearby rural lands evidence the biological value and ecological importance of cities and have implications for biodiversity conservation. Lagging behind this revised image of the city are urban conservation programs that historically have invested in education and outreach rather than programs designed to achieve high-priority species conservation results. We synthesized research on urban bee species diversity and abundance to determine how urban conservation could be repositioned to better align with new views on the ecological importance of urban landscapes. Due to insect pollinators' relatively small functional requirements-habitat range, life cycle, and nesting behavior-relative to larger mammals, we argue that pollinators put high-priority and high-impact urban conservation within reach. In a rapidly urbanizing world, transforming how environmental managers view the city can improve citizen engagement and contribute to the development of more sustainable urbanization., (© 2016 The Authors. Conservation Biology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Society for Conservation Biology.)
- Published
- 2017
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39. The database of the PREDICTS (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems) project.
- Author
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Hudson LN, Newbold T, Contu S, Hill SL, Lysenko I, De Palma A, Phillips HR, Alhusseini TI, Bedford FE, Bennett DJ, Booth H, Burton VJ, Chng CW, Choimes A, Correia DL, Day J, Echeverría-Londoño S, Emerson SR, Gao D, Garon M, Harrison ML, Ingram DJ, Jung M, Kemp V, Kirkpatrick L, Martin CD, Pan Y, Pask-Hale GD, Pynegar EL, Robinson AN, Sanchez-Ortiz K, Senior RA, Simmons BI, White HJ, Zhang H, Aben J, Abrahamczyk S, Adum GB, Aguilar-Barquero V, Aizen MA, Albertos B, Alcala EL, Del Mar Alguacil M, Alignier A, Ancrenaz M, Andersen AN, Arbeláez-Cortés E, Armbrecht I, Arroyo-Rodríguez V, Aumann T, Axmacher JC, Azhar B, Azpiroz AB, Baeten L, Bakayoko A, Báldi A, Banks JE, Baral SK, Barlow J, Barratt BI, Barrico L, Bartolommei P, Barton DM, Basset Y, Batáry P, Bates AJ, Baur B, Bayne EM, Beja P, Benedick S, Berg Å, Bernard H, Berry NJ, Bhatt D, Bicknell JE, Bihn JH, Blake RJ, Bobo KS, Bóçon R, Boekhout T, Böhning-Gaese K, Bonham KJ, Borges PA, Borges SH, Boutin C, Bouyer J, Bragagnolo C, Brandt JS, Brearley FQ, Brito I, Bros V, Brunet J, Buczkowski G, Buddle CM, Bugter R, Buscardo E, Buse J, Cabra-García J, Cáceres NC, Cagle NL, Calviño-Cancela M, Cameron SA, Cancello EM, Caparrós R, Cardoso P, Carpenter D, Carrijo TF, Carvalho AL, Cassano CR, Castro H, Castro-Luna AA, Rolando CB, Cerezo A, Chapman KA, Chauvat M, Christensen M, Clarke FM, Cleary DF, Colombo G, Connop SP, Craig MD, Cruz-López L, Cunningham SA, D'Aniello B, D'Cruze N, da Silva PG, Dallimer M, Danquah E, Darvill B, Dauber J, Davis AL, Dawson J, de Sassi C, de Thoisy B, Deheuvels O, Dejean A, Devineau JL, Diekötter T, Dolia JV, Domínguez E, Dominguez-Haydar Y, Dorn S, Draper I, Dreber N, Dumont B, Dures SG, Dynesius M, Edenius L, Eggleton P, Eigenbrod F, Elek Z, Entling MH, Esler KJ, de Lima RF, Faruk A, Farwig N, Fayle TM, Felicioli A, Felton AM, Fensham RJ, Fernandez IC, Ferreira CC, Ficetola GF, Fiera C, Filgueiras BK, Fırıncıoğlu HK, Flaspohler D, Floren A, Fonte SJ, Fournier A, Fowler RE, Franzén M, Fraser LH, Fredriksson GM, Freire GB Jr, Frizzo TL, Fukuda D, Furlani D, Gaigher R, Ganzhorn JU, García KP, Garcia-R JC, Garden JG, Garilleti R, Ge BM, Gendreau-Berthiaume B, Gerard PJ, Gheler-Costa C, Gilbert B, Giordani P, Giordano S, Golodets C, Gomes LG, Gould RK, Goulson D, Gove AD, Granjon L, Grass I, Gray CL, Grogan J, Gu W, Guardiola M, Gunawardene NR, Gutierrez AG, Gutiérrez-Lamus DL, Haarmeyer DH, Hanley ME, Hanson T, Hashim NR, Hassan SN, Hatfield RG, Hawes JE, Hayward MW, Hébert C, Helden AJ, Henden JA, Henschel P, Hernández L, Herrera JP, Herrmann F, Herzog F, Higuera-Diaz D, Hilje B, Höfer H, Hoffmann A, Horgan FG, Hornung E, Horváth R, Hylander K, Isaacs-Cubides P, Ishida H, Ishitani M, Jacobs CT, Jaramillo VJ, Jauker B, Hernández FJ, Johnson MF, Jolli V, Jonsell M, Juliani SN, Jung TS, Kapoor V, Kappes H, Kati V, Katovai E, Kellner K, Kessler M, Kirby KR, Kittle AM, Knight ME, Knop E, Kohler F, Koivula M, Kolb A, Kone M, Kőrösi Á, Krauss J, Kumar A, Kumar R, Kurz DJ, Kutt AS, Lachat T, Lantschner V, Lara F, Lasky JR, Latta SC, Laurance WF, Lavelle P, Le Féon V, LeBuhn G, Légaré JP, Lehouck V, Lencinas MV, Lentini PE, Letcher SG, Li Q, Litchwark SA, Littlewood NA, Liu Y, Lo-Man-Hung N, López-Quintero CA, Louhaichi M, Lövei GL, Lucas-Borja ME, Luja VH, Luskin MS, MacSwiney G MC, Maeto K, Magura T, Mallari NA, Malone LA, Malonza PK, Malumbres-Olarte J, Mandujano S, Måren IE, Marin-Spiotta E, Marsh CJ, Marshall EJ, Martínez E, Martínez Pastur G, Moreno Mateos D, Mayfield MM, Mazimpaka V, McCarthy JL, McCarthy KP, McFrederick QS, McNamara S, Medina NG, Medina R, Mena JL, Mico E, Mikusinski G, Milder JC, Miller JR, Miranda-Esquivel DR, Moir ML, Morales CL, Muchane MN, Muchane M, Mudri-Stojnic S, Munira AN, Muoñz-Alonso A, Munyekenye BF, Naidoo R, Naithani A, Nakagawa M, Nakamura A, Nakashima Y, Naoe S, Nates-Parra G, Navarrete Gutierrez DA, Navarro-Iriarte L, Ndang'ang'a PK, Neuschulz EL, Ngai JT, Nicolas V, Nilsson SG, Noreika N, Norfolk O, Noriega JA, Norton DA, Nöske NM, Nowakowski AJ, Numa C, O'Dea N, O'Farrell PJ, Oduro W, Oertli S, Ofori-Boateng C, Oke CO, Oostra V, Osgathorpe LM, Otavo SE, Page NV, Paritsis J, Parra-H A, Parry L, Pe'er G, Pearman PB, Pelegrin N, Pélissier R, Peres CA, Peri PL, Persson AS, Petanidou T, Peters MK, Pethiyagoda RS, Phalan B, Philips TK, Pillsbury FC, Pincheira-Ulbrich J, Pineda E, Pino J, Pizarro-Araya J, Plumptre AJ, Poggio SL, Politi N, Pons P, Poveda K, Power EF, Presley SJ, Proença V, Quaranta M, Quintero C, Rader R, Ramesh BR, Ramirez-Pinilla MP, Ranganathan J, Rasmussen C, Redpath-Downing NA, Reid JL, Reis YT, Rey Benayas JM, Rey-Velasco JC, Reynolds C, Ribeiro DB, Richards MH, Richardson BA, Richardson MJ, Ríos RM, Robinson R, Robles CA, Römbke J, Romero-Duque LP, Rös M, Rosselli L, Rossiter SJ, Roth DS, Roulston TH, Rousseau L, Rubio AV, Ruel JC, Sadler JP, Sáfián S, Saldaña-Vázquez RA, Sam K, Samnegård U, Santana J, Santos X, Savage J, Schellhorn NA, Schilthuizen M, Schmiedel U, Schmitt CB, Schon NL, Schüepp C, Schumann K, Schweiger O, Scott DM, Scott KA, Sedlock JL, Seefeldt SS, Shahabuddin G, Shannon G, Sheil D, Sheldon FH, Shochat E, Siebert SJ, Silva FA, Simonetti JA, Slade EM, Smith J, Smith-Pardo AH, Sodhi NS, Somarriba EJ, Sosa RA, Soto Quiroga G, St-Laurent MH, Starzomski BM, Stefanescu C, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stouffer PC, Stout JC, Strauch AM, Struebig MJ, Su Z, Suarez-Rubio M, Sugiura S, Summerville KS, Sung YH, Sutrisno H, Svenning JC, Teder T, Threlfall CG, Tiitsaar A, Todd JH, Tonietto RK, Torre I, Tóthmérész B, Tscharntke T, Turner EC, Tylianakis JM, Uehara-Prado M, Urbina-Cardona N, Vallan D, Vanbergen AJ, Vasconcelos HL, Vassilev K, Verboven HA, Verdasca MJ, Verdú JR, Vergara CH, Vergara PM, Verhulst J, Virgilio M, Vu LV, Waite EM, Walker TR, Wang HF, Wang Y, Watling JI, Weller B, Wells K, Westphal C, Wiafe ED, Williams CD, Willig MR, Woinarski JC, Wolf JH, Wolters V, Woodcock BA, Wu J, Wunderle JM Jr, Yamaura Y, Yoshikura S, Yu DW, Zaitsev AS, Zeidler J, Zou F, Collen B, Ewers RM, Mace GM, Purves DW, Scharlemann JP, and Purvis A
- Abstract
The PREDICTS project-Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)-has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
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- 2016
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40. Predicting bee community responses to land-use changes: Effects of geographic and taxonomic biases.
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De Palma A, Abrahamczyk S, Aizen MA, Albrecht M, Basset Y, Bates A, Blake RJ, Boutin C, Bugter R, Connop S, Cruz-López L, Cunningham SA, Darvill B, Diekötter T, Dorn S, Downing N, Entling MH, Farwig N, Felicioli A, Fonte SJ, Fowler R, Franzén M, Goulson D, Grass I, Hanley ME, Hendrix SD, Herrmann F, Herzog F, Holzschuh A, Jauker B, Kessler M, Knight ME, Kruess A, Lavelle P, Le Féon V, Lentini P, Malone LA, Marshall J, Pachón EM, McFrederick QS, Morales CL, Mudri-Stojnic S, Nates-Parra G, Nilsson SG, Öckinger E, Osgathorpe L, Parra-H A, Peres CA, Persson AS, Petanidou T, Poveda K, Power EF, Quaranta M, Quintero C, Rader R, Richards MH, Roulston T, Rousseau L, Sadler JP, Samnegård U, Schellhorn NA, Schüepp C, Schweiger O, Smith-Pardo AH, Steffan-Dewenter I, Stout JC, Tonietto RK, Tscharntke T, Tylianakis JM, Verboven HA, Vergara CH, Verhulst J, Westphal C, Yoon HJ, and Purvis A
- Subjects
- Animals, Bees classification, Conservation of Natural Resources, Geography, Bees physiology
- Abstract
Land-use change and intensification threaten bee populations worldwide, imperilling pollination services. Global models are needed to better characterise, project, and mitigate bees' responses to these human impacts. The available data are, however, geographically and taxonomically unrepresentative; most data are from North America and Western Europe, overrepresenting bumblebees and raising concerns that model results may not be generalizable to other regions and taxa. To assess whether the geographic and taxonomic biases of data could undermine effectiveness of models for conservation policy, we have collated from the published literature a global dataset of bee diversity at sites facing land-use change and intensification, and assess whether bee responses to these pressures vary across 11 regions (Western, Northern, Eastern and Southern Europe; North, Central and South America; Australia and New Zealand; South East Asia; Middle and Southern Africa) and between bumblebees and other bees. Our analyses highlight strong regionally-based responses of total abundance, species richness and Simpson's diversity to land use, caused by variation in the sensitivity of species and potentially in the nature of threats. These results suggest that global extrapolation of models based on geographically and taxonomically restricted data may underestimate the true uncertainty, increasing the risk of ecological surprises.
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- 2016
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41. Something in the air? The impact of volatiles on mollusc attack of oilseed rape seedlings.
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Shannon RW, Félix AE, Poppy GM, Newland PL, van Dam NM, and Hanley ME
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- Animals, Crops, Agricultural, Feeding Behavior, Herbivory, Plant Leaves chemistry, Seedlings chemistry, Seedlings physiology, Volatile Organic Compounds chemistry, Brassica napus chemistry, Brassica napus physiology, Glucosinolates analysis, Helix, Snails physiology, Volatile Organic Compounds analysis
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Mounting concerns about balancing food security with the environmental impacts of agro-chemical use underpin the need to better understand the mechanisms by which crop plants, particularly during the vulnerable seedling stage, attract or repel herbivores., Methods: The feeding preferences of the mollusc Helix aspersa were determined for several oilseed rape (Brassica napus) cultivars and a rank order of acceptability was established. This was compared with glucosinolate concentrations and volatile organic compound (VOC) profiles to determine whether seedling acceptability to molluscs was linked to either form of defence., Key Results: While VOC profiles for each oilseed rape cultivar could be separated by canonical discriminant analysis and associated with mollusc feeding preferences, glucosinolate profiles were unrelated to snail feeding behaviour. A mixture of monoterpenes (α-pinene, β-myrcene and δ-3-carene) was identified as a putative attractant, while a blend of the green leaf volatiles 3-hexen-1-ol, 3-hexen-1-ol acetate and the monoterpene α-terpinene was identified as a putative repellent mix. Added to the VOC profile of oilseed rape seedlings, the 'repellent' mix reduced mollusc selection, while the 'attractant' mix had no effect., Conclusions: Despite the widespread assumption that seedling selection by generalist herbivores is governed by chemical defence and taste, we show that olfactory cues may be more important. Oilseed rape may be atypical of wild plants, but our ability to identify repellent volatile organic compounds that can influence snail olfactory selection points to new methods for crop protection using modified VOC profiles during the vulnerable seedling stage., (© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
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- 2016
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42. Plants and climate change: complexities and surprises.
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Parmesan C and Hanley ME
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- Biological Evolution, Carbon Dioxide metabolism, Flowers metabolism, Introduced Species, Phenotype, Plants genetics, Seedlings physiology, Seeds physiology, Climate Change, Plants metabolism
- Abstract
Background: Anthropogenic climate change (ACC) will influence all aspects of plant biology over coming decades. Many changes in wild species have already been well-documented as a result of increased atmospheric CO2 concentrations, warming climate and changing precipitation regimes. A wealth of available data has allowed the use of meta-analyses to examine plant-climate interactions on more sophisticated levels than before. These analyses have revealed major differences in plant response among groups, e.g. with respect to functional traits, taxonomy, life-history and provenance. Interestingly, these meta-analyses have also exposed unexpected mismatches between theory, experimental, and observational studies., Scope: We reviewed the literature on species' responses to ACC, finding ∼42 % of 4000 species studied globally are plants (primarily terrestrial). We review impacts on phenology, distributions, ecophysiology, regeneration biology, plant-plant and plant-herbivore interactions, and the roles of plasticity and evolution. We focused on apparent deviations from expectation, and highlighted cases where more sophisticated analyses revealed that unexpected changes were, in fact, responses to ACC., Conclusions: We found that conventionally expected responses are generally well-understood, and that it is the aberrant responses that are now yielding greater insight into current and possible future impacts of ACC. We argue that inconclusive, unexpected, or counter-intuitive results should be embraced in order to understand apparent disconnects between theory, prediction, and observation. We highlight prime examples from the collection of papers in this Special Issue, as well as general literature. We found use of plant functional groupings/traits had mixed success, but that some underutilized approaches, such as Grime's C/S/R strategies, when incorporated, have improved understanding of observed responses. Despite inherent difficulties, we highlight the need for ecologists to conduct community-level experiments in systems that replicate multiple aspects of ACC. Specifically, we call for development of coordinating experiments across networks of field sites, both natural and man-made., (© The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2015
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43. Home advantage? Decomposition across the freshwater-estuarine transition zone varies with litter origin and local salinity.
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Franzitta G, Hanley ME, Airoldi L, Baggini C, Bilton DT, Rundle SD, and Thompson RC
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- Animals, Biodiversity, Climate Change, England, Invertebrates physiology, Ecosystem, Estuaries, Fucus physiology, Poaceae physiology, Quercus physiology, Salinity
- Abstract
Expected increases in the frequency and intensity of storm surges and river flooding may greatly affect the relative salinity of estuarine environments over the coming decades. In this experiment we used detritus from three contrasting environments (marine Fucus vesiculosus; estuarine Spartina anglica; terrestrial Quercus robur) to test the prediction that the decomposition of the different types of litter would be highest in the environment with which they are associated. Patterns of decomposition broadly fitted our prediction: Quercus detritus decomposed more rapidly in freshwater compared with saline conditions while Fucus showed the opposite trend; Spartina showed an intermediate response. Variation in macro-invertebrate assemblages was detected along the salinity gradient but with different patterns between estuaries, suggesting that breakdown rates may be linked in part to local invertebrate assemblages. Nonetheless, our results suggest that perturbation of salinity gradients through climate change could affect the process of litter decomposition and thus alter nutrient cycling in estuarine transition zones. Understanding the vulnerability of estuaries to changes in local abiotic conditions is important given the need to better integrate coastal proceses into a wider management framework at a time when coastlines are increasingly threatened by human activities., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2015
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44. The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts.
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Hudson LN, Newbold T, Contu S, Hill SL, Lysenko I, De Palma A, Phillips HR, Senior RA, Bennett DJ, Booth H, Choimes A, Correia DL, Day J, Echeverría-Londoño S, Garon M, Harrison ML, Ingram DJ, Jung M, Kemp V, Kirkpatrick L, Martin CD, Pan Y, White HJ, Aben J, Abrahamczyk S, Adum GB, Aguilar-Barquero V, Aizen MA, Ancrenaz M, Arbeláez-Cortés E, Armbrecht I, Azhar B, Azpiroz AB, Baeten L, Báldi A, Banks JE, Barlow J, Batáry P, Bates AJ, Bayne EM, Beja P, Berg Å, Berry NJ, Bicknell JE, Bihn JH, Böhning-Gaese K, Boekhout T, Boutin C, Bouyer J, Brearley FQ, Brito I, Brunet J, Buczkowski G, Buscardo E, Cabra-García J, Calviño-Cancela M, Cameron SA, Cancello EM, Carrijo TF, Carvalho AL, Castro H, Castro-Luna AA, Cerda R, Cerezo A, Chauvat M, Clarke FM, Cleary DF, Connop SP, D'Aniello B, da Silva PG, Darvill B, Dauber J, Dejean A, Diekötter T, Dominguez-Haydar Y, Dormann CF, Dumont B, Dures SG, Dynesius M, Edenius L, Elek Z, Entling MH, Farwig N, Fayle TM, Felicioli A, Felton AM, Ficetola GF, Filgueiras BK, Fonte SJ, Fraser LH, Fukuda D, Furlani D, Ganzhorn JU, Garden JG, Gheler-Costa C, Giordani P, Giordano S, Gottschalk MS, Goulson D, Gove AD, Grogan J, Hanley ME, Hanson T, Hashim NR, Hawes JE, Hébert C, Helden AJ, Henden JA, Hernández L, Herzog F, Higuera-Diaz D, Hilje B, Horgan FG, Horváth R, Hylander K, Isaacs-Cubides P, Ishitani M, Jacobs CT, Jaramillo VJ, Jauker B, Jonsell M, Jung TS, Kapoor V, Kati V, Katovai E, Kessler M, Knop E, Kolb A, Kőrösi Á, Lachat T, Lantschner V, Le Féon V, LeBuhn G, Légaré JP, Letcher SG, Littlewood NA, López-Quintero CA, Louhaichi M, Lövei GL, Lucas-Borja ME, Luja VH, Maeto K, Magura T, Mallari NA, Marin-Spiotta E, Marshall EJ, Martínez E, Mayfield MM, Mikusinski G, Milder JC, Miller JR, Morales CL, Muchane MN, Muchane M, Naidoo R, Nakamura A, Naoe S, Nates-Parra G, Navarrete Gutierrez DA, Neuschulz EL, Noreika N, Norfolk O, Noriega JA, Nöske NM, O'Dea N, Oduro W, Ofori-Boateng C, Oke CO, Osgathorpe LM, Paritsis J, Parra-H A, Pelegrin N, Peres CA, Persson AS, Petanidou T, Phalan B, Philips TK, Poveda K, Power EF, Presley SJ, Proença V, Quaranta M, Quintero C, Redpath-Downing NA, Reid JL, Reis YT, Ribeiro DB, Richardson BA, Richardson MJ, Robles CA, Römbke J, Romero-Duque LP, Rosselli L, Rossiter SJ, Roulston TH, Rousseau L, Sadler JP, Sáfián S, Saldaña-Vázquez RA, Samnegård U, Schüepp C, Schweiger O, Sedlock JL, Shahabuddin G, Sheil D, Silva FA, Slade EM, Smith-Pardo AH, Sodhi NS, Somarriba EJ, Sosa RA, Stout JC, Struebig MJ, Sung YH, Threlfall CG, Tonietto R, Tóthmérész B, Tscharntke T, Turner EC, Tylianakis JM, Vanbergen AJ, Vassilev K, Verboven HA, Vergara CH, Vergara PM, Verhulst J, Walker TR, Wang Y, Watling JI, Wells K, Williams CD, Willig MR, Woinarski JC, Wolf JH, Woodcock BA, Yu DW, Zaitsev AS, Collen B, Ewers RM, Mace GM, Purves DW, Scharlemann JP, and Purvis A
- Abstract
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project - and avert - future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups - including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems - http://www.predicts.org.uk). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015.
- Published
- 2014
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45. Variable response of three Trifolium repens ecotypes to soil flooding by seawater.
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White AC, Colmer TD, Cawthray GR, and Hanley ME
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- Electric Conductivity, Flowers physiology, Ions, Plant Leaves metabolism, Salts metabolism, Stress, Physiological, Time Factors, Trifolium growth & development, Ecotype, Floods, Seawater, Soil, Trifolium physiology
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Despite concerns about the impact of rising sea levels and storm surge events on coastal ecosystems, there is remarkably little information on the response of terrestrial coastal plant species to seawater inundation. The aim of this study was to elucidate responses of a glycophyte (white clover, Trifolium repens) to short-duration soil flooding by seawater and recovery following leaching of salts., Methods: Using plants cultivated from parent ecotypes collected from a natural soil salinity gradient, the impact of short-duration seawater soil flooding (8 or 24 h) on short-term changes in leaf salt ion and organic solute concentrations was examined, together with longer term impacts on plant growth (stolon elongation) and flowering., Key Results: There was substantial Cl(-) and Na(+) accumulation in leaves, especially for plants subjected to 24 h soil flooding with seawater, but no consistent variation linked to parent plant provenance. Proline and sucrose concentrations also increased in plants following seawater flooding of the soil. Plant growth and flowering were reduced by longer soil immersion times (seawater flooding followed by drainage and freshwater inputs), but plants originating from more saline soil responded less negatively than those from lower salinity soil., Conclusions: The accumulation of proline and sucrose indicates a potential for solute accumulation as a response to the osmotic imbalance caused by salt ions, while variation in growth and flowering responses between ecotypes points to a natural adaptive capacity for tolerance of short-duration seawater soil flooding in T. repens. Consequently, it is suggested that selection for tolerant ecotypes is possible should the predicted increase in frequency of storm surge flooding events occur., (© The Author 2014. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2014
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46. Going native? Flower use by bumblebees in English urban gardens.
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Hanley ME, Awbi AJ, and Franco M
- Subjects
- Animals, Appetitive Behavior physiology, England, Flowers classification, Flowers genetics, Phylogeny, Species Specificity, Bees physiology, Cities, Introduced Species, Magnoliopsida classification, Magnoliopsida genetics, Pollination
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Although urban gardens provide opportunities for pollinators in an otherwise inhospitable environment, most garden plants are not native to the recipient biogeographical region and their value to local pollinators is disputed. This study tested the hypothesis that bumblebees foraging in English urban gardens preferentially visited sympatric Palaearctic-range plants over species originating outside their native range., Methods: Twenty-seven surveys of flower availability and bumblebee visitation (Bombus spp.) were conducted over a 3-month summer period. Plants were categorized according to whether they were native British, Palaearctic or non-Palaearctic in origin. A phylogeny of the 119 plant species recorded was constructed and the relationship between floral abundance and the frequency of pollinator visits investigated by means of phylogenetically independent contrasts. Differentiation in utilization of plant species by the five bumblebee species encountered was investigated using niche overlap analyses., Key Results: There was conflicting evidence for preferential use of native-range Palaearctic plant species by bumblebees depending on which plants were included in the analysis. Evidence was also found for niche partitioning between species based on respective preferences for native and non-native biogeographical range plants. Two bumblebees (Bombus terrestris and B. pratorum) concentrated their foraging activity on non-Palaearctic plants, while two others (B. hortorum and B. pascourum) preferred Palaearctic species., Conclusions: The long-running debate about the value of native and non-native garden plants to pollinators probably stems from a failure to properly consider biogeographical overlap between plant and pollinator ranges. Gardeners can encourage pollinators without consideration of plant origin or bias towards 'local' biogeographical species. However, dietary specialist bumblebees seem to prefer plants sympatric with their own biogeographical range and, in addition to the cultivation of these species in gardens, provision of native non-horticultural ('weed') species may also be important for pollinator conservation.
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- 2014
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47. Olfactory selection of Plantago lanceolata by snails declines with seedling age.
- Author
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Hanley ME, Girling RD, Felix AE, Olliff ED, Newland PL, and Poppy GM
- Subjects
- Animals, Plantago growth & development, Seedlings chemistry, Seedlings growth & development, Volatile Organic Compounds analysis, Herbivory, Plantago chemistry, Smell, Snails physiology
- Abstract
Background and Aims: Despite recent recognition that (1) plant-herbivore interactions during the establishment phase, (2) ontogenetic shifts in resource allocation and (3) herbivore response to plant volatile release are each pivotal to a comprehensive understanding of plant defence, no study has examined how herbivore olfactory response varies during seedling ontogeny., Methods: Using a Y-tube olfactometer we examined snail (Helix aspersa) olfactory response to pellets derived from macerated Plantago lanceolata plants harvested at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 8 weeks of age to test the hypothesis that olfactory selection of plants by a generalist herbivore varies with plant age. Plant volatiles were collected for 10 min using solid-phase microextraction technique on 1- and 8-week-old P. lanceolata pellets and analysed by gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer., Key Results: Selection of P. lanceolata was strongly negatively correlated with increasing age; pellets derived from 1-week-old seedlings were three times more likely to be selected as those from 8-week-old plants. Comparison of plant selection experiments with plant volatile profiles from GC/MS suggests that patterns of olfactory selection may be linked to ontogenetic shifts in concentrations of green leaf volatiles and ethanol (and its hydrolysis derivatives)., Conclusions: Although confirmatory of predictions made by contemporary plant defence theory, this is the first study to elucidate a link between seedling age and olfactory selection by herbivores. As a consequence, this study provides a new perspective on the ontogenetic expression of seedling defence, and the role of seedling herbivores, particularly terrestrial molluscs, as selective agents in temperate plant communities.
- Published
- 2013
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48. Seedling-herbivore interactions: insights into plant defence and regeneration patterns.
- Author
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Barton KE and Hanley ME
- Subjects
- Animals, Conservation of Natural Resources, Ecosystem, Herbivory, Seedlings physiology
- Abstract
Background: Herbivores have the power to shape plant evolutionary trajectories, influence the structure and function of vegetation, devastate entire crops, or halt the spread of invasive weeds, and as a consequence, research into plant-herbivore interactions is pivotal to our understanding of plant ecology and evolution. However, the causes and consequences of seedling herbivory have received remarkably little attention, despite the fact that plants tend to be most susceptible to herbivory during establishment, and this damage can alter community composition and structure., Scope: In this Viewpoint article we review why herbivory during early plant ontogeny is important and in so doing introduce an Annals of Botany Special Issue that draws together the latest work on the topic. In a synthesis of the existing literature and a collection of new studies, we examine several linked issues. These include the development and expression of seedling defences and patterns of selection by herbivores, and how seedling selection affects plant establishment and community structure. We then examine how disruption of the seedling-herbivore interaction might affect normal patterns of plant community establishment and discuss how an understanding of patterns of seedling herbivory can aid our attempts to restore semi-natural vegetation. We finish by outlining a number of areas where more research is required. These include a need for a deeper consideration of how endogenous and exogenous factors determine investment in seedling defence, particularly for the very youngest plants, and a better understanding of the phylogenetic and biogeographical patterns of seedling defence. There is also much still be to be done on the mechanisms of seedling selection by herbivores, particularly with respect to the possible involvement of volatile cues. These inter-related issues together inform our understanding of how seedling herbivory affects plant regeneration at a time when anthropogenic change is likely to disrupt this long-established, but all-too-often ignored interaction.
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- 2013
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49. Targets for antibiotic and healthcare resource stewardship in inpatient community-acquired pneumonia: a comparison of management practices with National Guideline Recommendations.
- Author
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Jenkins TC, Stella SA, Cervantes L, Knepper BC, Sabel AL, Price CS, Shockley L, Hanley ME, Mehler PS, and Burman WJ
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Practice Guidelines as Topic, Practice Management, Medical standards, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Community-Acquired Infections diagnosis, Community-Acquired Infections drug therapy, Health Resources, Inpatients, Pneumonia diagnosis, Pneumonia drug therapy
- Abstract
Purpose: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common infection leading to hospitalization in the USA. The objective of this study was to evaluate management practices for inpatient CAP in relation to Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) guidelines to identify opportunities for antibiotic and health care resource stewardship., Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adults hospitalized for CAP at a single institution from 15 April 2008 to 31 May 2009., Results: Of the 209 patients with CAP who presented to Denver Health Medical Center during the study period and were hospitalized, 166 (79 %) and 43 (21 %) were admitted to a medical ward and the intensive care unit (ICU), respectively. Sixty-one (29 %) patients were candidates for outpatient therapy per IDSA/ATS guidance with a CURB-65 score of 0 or 1 and absence of hypoxemia. Sputum cultures were ordered for 110 specimens; however, an evaluable sample was obtained in only 49 (45 %) cases. Median time from antibiotic initiation to specimen collection was 11 [interquartile range (IQR) 6-19] h, and a potential pathogen was identified in only 18 (16 %) cultures. Blood cultures were routinely obtained for both non-ICU (81 %) and ICU (95 %) cases, but 15 of 36 (42 %) positive cultures were false-positive results. The most common antibiotic regimen was ceftriaxone + azithromycin (182, 87 % cases). Discordant with IDSA/ATS recommendations, oral step-down therapy consisted of a new antibiotic class in 120 (66 %), most commonly levofloxacin (101, 55 %). Treatment durations were typically longer than suggested with a median of 10 (IQR 8-12) days., Conclusions: In this cohort of patients hospitalized for CAP, management was frequently inconsistent with IDSA/ATS guideline recommendations, revealing potential targets to reduce unnecessary antibiotic and healthcare resource utilization.
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- 2013
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50. Effect of increased body mass index on first-trimester ultrasound examination for aneuploidy risk assessment.
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Gandhi M, Fox NS, Russo-Stieglitz K, Hanley ME, Matthews G, and Rebarber A
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- Adult, Female, Humans, Nose diagnostic imaging, Overweight diagnostic imaging, Pregnancy, Time Factors, Aneuploidy, Body Mass Index, Nuchal Translucency Measurement, Obesity diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Objective: To estimate whether body mass index (BMI) affects the evaluation of nuchal translucency or the nasal bone during first-trimester ultrasound examination for aneuploidy risk assessment., Methods: Six hundred ninety-four women with singleton gestations undergoing first-trimester aneuploidy risk-assessment ultrasound examinations were identified. Weight categories were defined as normal (body mass index [BMI] less than 25), overweight (25-29.9), and obese (at or above 30). chi, chi for trend, Student t test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation were used for statistical analysis where appropriate to estimate the effect of BMI on first-trimester ultrasound examination. P<.05 was considered statistically significant., Results: Increasing BMI was significantly associated with an inadequate nasal-bone assessment (3% compared with 12.7%, P<.001), increased ultrasound examination time (15.23+/-8.09 minutes compared with 17.01+/-7.97 minutes, P=.028), and an increased need to perform a transvaginal ultrasound examination (23% compared with 41.8%, P<.001). Prior abdominal surgery was not significantly associated with nasal-bone assessment inadequacy (7.8% compared with 4.4%, P=.125), the need to perform transvaginal ultrasound examination (33.6% compared with 28.6%, P=.279), or longer examination time (16.22+/-8.6 minutes compared with 15.92+/-7.8 minutes, P=.704)., Conclusion: In singleton pregnancies, increased BMI is not associated with suboptimal visualization of nuchal translucency, but it is associated with a longer time to perform the first-trimester ultrasound examination for aneuploidy risk assessment, increased need for transvaginal ultrasound examination for nuchal-translucency visualization, and a lower likelihood of obtaining an adequate nasal-bone image. Previous abdominal surgery did not affect the ability to visualize the nasal bone., Level of Evidence: II.
- Published
- 2009
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