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Die räumlichen und hygienischen Bedingungen vieler Schulen erfüllen nicht mehr die heutigen Erwartungen. Zudem weisen die Gebäude einen hohen Energieverbrauch auf und belasten damit den Haushalt der Kommunen. In der Bevölkerung besteht Konsens, dass Schulen für die gesellschaftliche Zukunft eine hohe Bedeutung haben. Mit der Forschungsinitiative »Energieeffiziente Schulen - EnEff:Schule« förderte das Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) ein Vorhaben, bei dem gezeigt wurde, wie Schulgebäude das energetische Niveau einer 3-Liter-Haus-Schule oder einer Plusenergieschule erreichen können. Neben der energetischen Sanierung von zum Teil 50 Jahre alten Schulgebäuden wurden auch Schulneubauten erstellt. Die umgesetzten Beispiele zeigen, wie durch heute verfügbare technische und bauliche Innovation der Primärenergiebedarf für Heizung, Lüftung, Kühlung, Trinkwarmwassererwärmung und Beleuchtung wirtschaftlich gesenkt werden kann. Eine Begleitforschung hat alle Projekte intensiv begleitet, die Messergebnisse ausgewertet, dokumentiert und die Daten in Querauswertungen einander gegenübergestellt. Ferner fanden Befragungen der Schülerinnen und Schüler sowie der Lehrerinnen und Lehrer vor und nach der Sanierung statt. Anhand der ermittelten Daten und Erkenntnisse konnten umfangreiche Empfehlungen zusammengestellt werden, die sowohl für die Sanierung als auch für den Schulneubau hilfreich sind. Für alle Personen und Institutionen, die bei der Planung eines Schulneubaus oder der Sanierung eines Schulgebäudes eingebunden sind, enthält dieses Buch wertvolle Informationen.

The next level of energy performance of new buildings within the European Union will be the Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB). A lot of work has been spent on pilot and demonstration buildings on this and even higher energy performance levels throughout many EU countries. However, most of the high performance buildings realised so far result in additional investment costs when compared to the current national minimum energy performance requirements. The considerably higher investment costs are one of the main barriers to the early application of the NZEB-level in Europe. The EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs works on technical solution sets that result in lower investment costs for NZEBs, bringing the costs close to those of conventional new buildings. The project focus is on multi-family houses. In each of the four participant countries Germany, Denmark, Italy and Slovenia a team of researchers is analysing which sets of market-ready technologies at the building envelope, the services systems for heating, domestic hot water, ventilation and cooling (where required) in combination with renewable energy systems can fulfil the NZEB requirements at lower costs than those incurred by the national mainstream NZEB application. Additional efforts are being spent on the life-cycle costs and the life-cycle analysis of the solution sets, as well as on the impact of future developments of primary energy factors, energy costs and technology efficiencies. Since details of the CoNZEBs work are presented in several additional papers, this document gives an overview of the different tasks and results that are available so far. The next level of energy performance of new buildings within the European Union will be the Nearly Zero-Energy Building (NZEB). A lot of work has been spent on pilot and demonstration buildings on this and even higher energy performance levels throughout many EU countries. However, most of the high performance buildings realised so far result in additional investment costs when compared to the current national minimum energy performance requirements. The considerably higher investment costs are one of the main barriers to the early application of the NZEB-level in Europe. The EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs works on technical solution sets that result in lower investment costs for NZEBs, bringing the costs close to those of conventional new buildings. The project focus is on multi-family houses. In each of the four participant countries Germany, Denmark, Italy and Slovenia a team of researchers is analysing which sets of market-ready technologies at the building envelope, the services systems for heating, domestic hot water, ventilation and cooling (where required) in combination with renewable energy systems can fulfil the NZEB requirements at lower costs than those incurred by the national mainstream NZEB application. Additional efforts are being spent on the life-cycle costs and the life-cycle analysis of the solution sets, as well as on the impact of future developments of primary energy factors, energy costs and technology efficiencies. Since details of the CoNZEBs work are presented in several additional papers, this document gives an overview of the different tasks and results that are available so far.

The paper presents the findings on end-users' experiences and expectations about living in multi-family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEBs). The survey in four European countries (Slovenia, Italy, Denmark and Germany) was part of EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs (2017-2019) and addressed end-users living or thinking about living in multi-family NZEBs. Targeted end-users were living (as tenants or owners) in either ordinary buildings or in high performance buildings such as NZEBs (mandatory after 2020 according to Directive 2010/31/EU). In the survey, the following topics were addressed: the level of end-user's understanding of the NZEB concept, the source and quality of information on NZEB from the end-users' perspective, the importance of various apartment features for the end-users, perception of NZEB characterizing technologies, and decision triggers for living in NZEB. Concerns, doubts and eventual fears about living in NZEBs were studied to enable a tailored information for future end-users, to increase the demand for NZEB and beyond NZEB buildings and to improve their acceptability. To facilitate the living in NZEBs a guide for end-users was developed, explaining the "Myths" about NZEBs as well as presenting testimonials of current NZEB users in four participating countries. The paper presents the findings on end-users' experiences and expectations about living in multi-family Nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (NZEBs). The survey in four European countries (Slovenia, Italy, Denmark and Germany) was part of EU Horizon 2020 project CoNZEBs (2017-2019) and addressed end-users living or thinking about living in multi-family NZEBs. Targeted end-users were living (as tenants or owners) in either ordinary buildings or in high performance buildings such as NZEBs (mandatory after 2020 according to Directive 2010/31/EU). In the survey, the following topics were addressed: the level of end-user's understanding of the NZEB concept, the source and quality of information on NZEB from the end-users' perspective, the importance of various apartment features for the end-users, perception of NZEB characterizing technologies, and decision triggers for living in NZEB. Concerns, doubts and eventual fears about living in NZEBs were studied to enable a tailored information for future end-users, to increase the demand for NZEB and beyond NZEB buildings and to improve their acceptability. To facilitate the living in NZEBs a guide for end-users was developed, explaining the "Myths" about NZEBs as well as presenting testimonials of current NZEB users in four participating countries.

In 2008 the German Ministry of Economic Affairs and Energy launched an initiative for new or retrofitted energy-efficient school buildings as focus area within their research programme “EnOB” (Energy Optimised Buildings). The initiative (www.eneff-schule.de) comprises three different energy levels: • Best practice schools with energy-efficient renovations above the requirements in the energy-saving ordinance • Three-liter-house schools with energy needs for heating, hot water and auxiliary below 34 kWh/m2year • Plus energy schools that produce more energy than they use in the annual balance Currently three different plus energy school buildings have been planned, realized and monitored within the initiative, two of them being renovations (Stuttgart and Rostock), the last one being a new school building (Hohen Neuendorf). The three energy concepts include rather different technologies to generate heat and to reduce the energy consumption of ventilation and lighting systems. This is partly due to the research initiative approach of “EnEff:Schule” that asks for testing innovative technologies. There is however a general tendency to: • Low U-values of the building envelope with about 0.11–0.15 W/m2K at the walls and roof, 0.10 W/m2K for new base plates and 0.20–0.34 W/m2K for renovated ground slabs and basement ceilings and 0.80 W/m2K for windows • Large PV areas to compensate for the remaining energy use, sometimes in combination with other technologies or systems that generate electricity • Mechanical ventilation systems with high heat recovery rates but in combination with natural ventilation • User-dependent control strategies for ventilation and heating • Use of daylight at both the window/solar shading side and the electrical lighting control The paper compares the different technologies used at the building envelope, the heating, ventilation and lighting systems, the calculated and measured energy consumptions and the building costs.

Die Umsetzung eines nahezu klimaneutralen Gebäudebestands in Deutschland wird nur möglich sein, wenn konsequent Schritt für Schritt die Energieeffizienz bei der Errichtung und speziell beim Betrieb der Gebäude und der Anteil erneuerbarer Energien am Energieverbrauch gestärkt werden. Die neue Gebäudegeneration ""Effizienzhaus Plus"" bietet dafür einen innovativen Ansatz. Sie unterstützt den konsequenten Wandel vom Energie verbrauchenden zum Energie gewinnenden Gebäude. Das Effizienzhaus Plus ist nicht an eine bestimmte Technologie gebunden, sondern es kann in einem technologieoffenen Ansatz auf vielfältige Weise durch eine intelligente Kombination von energieeffizienten Bautechnologien und erneuerbaren Energiegewinnsystemen realisiert werden. Im Beitrag werden die realisierten Potenziale des gebäudenah photovoltaisch erzeugten Stroms in den Demonstrationsgebäuden der Forschungsinitiative Effizienzhaus Plus des Bundes analysiert. Sie können als Benchmarks für den frühen Gebäudeentwurf dienen.

Germany possesses a long tradition in energy-saving construction and has continuously tightened the energy performance requirements and extended the balancing scope in its energy-saving ordinance. In the last few years, several buildings with energy concepts that have the aim of generating more energy than the building needs (if compared in an annual balance) have been designed, realized and monitored - so-called plus energy buildings. This article presents selected examples of the plus energy approach for both residential and non-residential buildings along with their key technologies and available research initiatives dealing with the issue. It also discusses the different possibilities for defining the notion of plus energy and points to ongoing further developments for additional building types and settlements.

The aim of the “School of the Future” project ( www.school-of-the-future.eu [1]), which receives funding within the EU's 7th Framework Programme, is to design, demonstrate, evaluate and communicate shining examples of how to reach the future high- performance building level. School buildings and their primary users, namely pupils - the next generation - are in the focus of the project. Both, the energy and indoor environment performance of 4 demonstration buildings in 4 European countries and climates are being greatly improved due to holistic retrofit of the building envelope, the service systems, the integration of renewables and building management systems. The results and the accompanying research and dissemination efforts to support other actors dealing with building retrofits are leading to a multiplied impact on other schools and on the residential sector, since the pupils will act as communicators to their families. The user behaviour and the awareness of energy efficiency and indoor environment are being improved due to tailored training sessions. Nearly zero emission or nearly zero energy buildings are main goals in various country roadmaps for 2020. The demonstration buildings of this project may not completely reach this level, though, as the aim of the FP7 call is cost efficiency and multiplication potential. The retrofit concepts, however, result in buildings with far lower energy consumption than achieved by regular retrofits and focus on high indoor environment quality - thus leading the way towards zero emission. They can be considered as schools of the future. Results from national examples of zero emission schools complete the information used for developing the deliverables such as guidelines, information tools, publications and a community at the EU BUILD UP portal. The project is based on a close connection between demonstration, research and industry which is being represented by the “Design Advice and Evaluation Group”. This group of research and industry partners meets twice at every demonstration building site in order to give advice to the local planning group like informing them about suitable up-to-date technologies.

Initiated by the commitment of the mayor and public participation within the municipality Hohenkirchen-Siegertsbrunn in the South-East of Munich, the need for generating new child care facilities led to the realization of an energy-surplus day care center. This building illustrates how ecological and economic sustainability can go along with innovative techniques and architectural design, achieving high comfort and energy efficiency, simultaneously providing a child-oriented and enjoyable surrounding. This lighthouse project aims at increasing awareness and interest within the community and beyond for the issue of energy efficiency. Ensuring the successful implementation of this demanding task, a feasibility study was developed by the Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics to define crucial key parameters for the design stage. In collaboration with the researchers a qualified team of architects and installation engineers closely worked together from the very beginning of the design process up to the end of execution, joining forces and knowledge. The project was awarded a prize by an expert committee and is supported by the Ger- man Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology within the funding program “Research for energy-optimized construction” (EnOB). This includes scientific guidance in planning, construction and start-up as well as a two-year monitoring phase. The energy concept, which is based on minimizing the energy need, includes a variety of features, partially influencing each other. Amongst others, these include a high level of thermal insulation, an optimized and demand-controlled ventilation system using preheated air and heat recovery in winter, a solar chimney for passive cooling and ventilation in summer, intelligent control systems and the use of renewable energy sources by highly efficient thermal heat pumps, solar thermal panels for hot water generation and photovoltaic panels. This solar electric system is designed to provide more electricity throughout the year than required for running the building with all its need. As electricity is the only energy carrier, both types of energy balances, primary and delivered, will result in a surplus.

Im Rahmen des Begleitforschungsvorhabens zur EnEff:Stadt-Forschungsinitiative des Bundesministeriums fur Wirtschaft und Technologie (BMWi) wurde vom Fraunhofer-Institut fur Bauphysik eine Softwarelosung entwickelt, die Stadtplaner und andere Akteure in diesem Bereich in den ersten Planungsphasen unterstutzt. Innerhalb des IEA ECBCS Annex 51 wurde in Zusammenarbeit mit internationalen Partnern hieraus ebenfalls eine englischsprachige Version mit landerabhangigen Rahmenbedingungen und Informationen erstellt. Die Software mit dem Namen “Energiekonzept-Berater fur Stadtquartiere“ (“District Energy Concept Adviser“) enthalt eine Sammlung von individuellen Hilfsinstrumenten fur die Planung. Das Herz der Software ist ein Tool, das ein Stadtquartier energetisch bewertet. Dazu werden Gebaudetypen und weitere vorkonfigurierte Systeme herangezogen, um eine einfache und schnelle Abbildung der Gebaude im Quartier zu ermoglichen. Dadurch benotigt der Anwender nur wenige Schritte, um das Energieeinsparpotenzial von verschiedenen Strategien aus dem Bereich der Gebaudehulle, der Anlagentechnik und zentralen Energieversorgungssystemen zu ermitteln. EnEff:Stadt – The District Energy Concept Adviser. Within the framework of the German research initiative EnEff:Stadt (launched by the German Federal Ministry for Economy and Technology), Fraunhofer Institute for Building Physics IBP has developed a computer programme to support actors in the field of urban planning during the first stages of planning energy-efficient district concepts. This programme was developed in collaboration with international partners from IEA ECBCS Annex 51 “Energy Efficient Communities“ and comprises a set of individual supporting tools. The very heart of the programme is a tool for the energy assessment of districts, which uses archetypes and other pre-set configurations to allow for a simple and quick data input mapping all the buildings in the district. Thus it takes the user just a few steps to identify the energy saving potential of various strategies in the areas of building construction, technical building systems, and centralized supply systems.

Die wissenschaftlich-technischen Arbeitsziele dieses vom Bundesministerium fur Wirtschaft (BMWi) geforderten Projektes wurden in funf Teilen erarbeitet. Die einzelnen Themen resultieren aus aktuellen Fragestellungen; sie haben dennoch einen allgemein anwendbaren Charakter. Das Konsortium hat die folgenden Teilprojekte bearbeitet: (1) Aufbau einer Messtechnik zur Bestimmung energetischer und lichttechnischer Kennzahlen von Tageslichtbauteilen mit einem round robin test, an dem drei Institute beteiligt waren. (2) Realisierung eines detaillierten Bewertungs- und Nachweisverfahrens fur die Tageslichtversorgung von Innenraumen in unterschiedlichen Klimazonen. (3) Fur die Beleuchtungskontrolle privater Lebensraume wurde ein “Powerline Carrier Communication“-System evaluiert und die Vorteile gegenuber einem Funkubertragungssystem herausgearbeitet. (4) In einem Pflegeheim wurden quantitative Untersuchungen zum Wohlbefinden, zur Erfullung von Sehaufgaben und zur Eignung zur Melatoninsuppression bei verschiedenen Szenarien der Allgemeinbeleuchtung mit zwei unterschiedlichen Farbtemperaturen der eingesetzten Lampen (“warmweises Licht“ mit TCP = 3000 K und “kaltweises Tageslicht“ mit TCP = 6500 K) und vertikalen Beleuchtungsstarken an den Augen der Probanden zwischen 100 lx und 700 lx durchgefuhrt. (5) Fur zwei Schulgebaude in Berlin wurde der Endenergiebedarf der Bestandsanlage, des Referenzgebaudes sowie der Neuplanung ermittelt. Dabei wurde in beiden Beispielen deutlich, dass die Bestandsanlage im Bereich der Beleuchtung den zulassigen Wert nach EnEV 2009 mitunter weit uberschreitet. Eine gute Neuplanung hingegen kann den maximal zulassigen Wert deutlich unterschreiten. Diese Untersuchungen wurden von einem einjahrigen Monitoring des Energieumsatzes begleitet. Eine Querschnittsanalyse uber 48 Schulen mit insgesamt 86 Gebauden zeigt unter anderem einen erheblichen Sanierungsbedarf bei Schulgebauden, die vor 1990 errichtet wurden. Energy optimised lighting in buildings with simultaneous improvement of quality of life by daylight utilisation and innovative lamps and ballast techniques. The scientific and technical goals of this project were developed in five parts. The individual topics arising from current issues, they still have a generally applicable nature. The consortium has worked on the following subprojects: (1) Development of a measurement technique to determine energy and photometric key figures of daylight components with a round robin test with three institutes. (2) Implementation of a detailed evaluation and documentation process for daylighting of interior spaces in different climate zones. (3) For lighting control in private living areas a “Power Line Carrier Communication” system has been evaluated and the advantages of a wireless transmission system were identified. (4) In a home for elderly quantitative studies on the well-being, for the fulfillment of visual tasks and the capability of melatonin suppression at different scenarios of general lighting with two different color temperatures of lamps (“warm white” with TCP = 3000 K and “cold white daylight” with TCP = 6500 K) and vertical illuminance at the eyes of the subjects between 100 lx and 700 lx were performed. (5) For two school buildings in Berlin, the final energy consumption of the existing lighting system, the reference building and a re-planning were determined. It became clear in both examples that the existing lighting system exceeds the permitted value (EnEV 2009) by far. A good redesign, however, can be significantly less than the maximum allowed value. These studies were accompanied by a one-year monitoring of energy consumption. A cross-sectional analysis of 48 schools with a total of 86 buildings shows a substantial need for renovation of school buildings that were built before 1990.

Mit dem Berechnungsverfahren der DIN V 18599 liegt ein umfassendes Berechnungsmodell fur die energetische Bewertung von Gebauden vor. Der grose Umfang der Verfahren stellt auch an die softwaretechnischen Umsetzungen fur die Planungspraxis hohe Anforderungen. Das Fraunhofer-Institut fur Bauphysik hat hierzu den Rechenkern ibp18599kernel entwickelt, der zwischenzeit-lich von zahlreichen Softwarehausern fur Endanwendungsprogramme zur energetischen Bewertung und Erstellung von Energieausweisen eingesetzt wird. Dieser “Rechenmotor” unterliegt einer steten Qualitatskontrolle zur Sicherstellung der Berechnungsgenauigkeit. Der vorliegende Aufsatz stellt den Prozess der Qualitatssicherung anhand eines neuen Validierungsbeispiels in Form eines komplexen Verwaltungsgebaudes vor. Die Fallstudie kann auch zur Validierung anderer Berechnungssysteme, die nicht auf dem Rechenkern basieren, genutzt werden. Detailed Data Set of a Large Administration Building as a Validation Model for DIN V18599-Software. The calculation method of DIN V 18599 represents a very complex model for the estimation of the energy efficiency of buildings. The method is used for certificates too, thus, the number of users is quite high. This fact and the complexity of the method causes high demands on the related software products. Most of the end user software tools work with the calculation engine ibp18599kernel developed by Fraunhofer-Institut for Building Physics. There is a continuous quality control for both, the kernel and the user interfaces, i.e. the end user software. This paper gives an overview of the process of quality control as well as a documentation of a validation model used within this process, i.e. a complex administration building as a sample.

Educational buildings such as kindergartens, schools and universities display many similar design, operation and maintenance features in most countries. The two most noteworthy similarities amongst these building types are the high energy consumption and the necessity for retrofitting many buildings within this sector. However, studies have shown that during retrofit, energy saving measures are only rarely applied, because the decision-makers lack knowledge of investments and the efficiency of potential energy saving measures. The main goal of the International Energy Agency ECBCS Annex 36 is to provide the educational building decision-makers with sufficient data, information and tools to improve their learning and teaching environments by improving the energy efficiency of their buildings. This is the background for the development of an Energy Concept Adviser (ECA) for energy and financial retrofit measures that is useful during the planning and concept development phases for educational buildings. On the one hand to help the owner to find the most efficient energy saving measures and on the other hand to prevent that exaggerated expectations are raised. The ECA should be applicable during the entire retrofitting phase to ensure that both the calculated energy savings and financial success will be achieved after retrofitting. This paper describes a tool that assists educational building decision-makers while the construction project is still in the design phase. This tool will improve new or existing buildings through the identification and calculation of potential energy savings. The ECA includes suggestions of energy systems to use and potential design concepts to be considered during the design phase. During the past 6 years, data have been gathered from all the 10 participating countries of the Annex 36. This electronic Internet-based tool incorporates an interactive source book of information, which includes design concepts, design advise, design and decision programs, and case studies. The tool has been translated into several languages.

The aim of the "School of the Future" project (www.school-of-the-future.eu), which receives funding within the EU's 7th Framework Program, is to design, demonstrate, evaluate, and communicate shining examples of how to reach the future high-performance building level. School buildings, their owners, and their primary users, namely students, i.e., the next generation, are the focus of the project. The energy and indoor environment performance of four demonstration buildings in four European countries and climates have been significantly improved due to holistic retrofits of the building envelope, their service systems, and the integration of renewables and building management systems. It is anticipated that the results of the project and the associated research and dissemination efforts will support others dealing with building retrofits, and will thereby have a multiple impact on other schools and on the residential sector since the students will act as communicators to their families. Training sessions specifically tailored to their needs have improved user behavior and awareness of energy efficiency and indoor environment. The success is measured by how well the retrofits meet the following goals: - Reduction of the total energy use > factor of 3, verified through monitoring; - Reduction of the heating energy use > 75%, verified through monitoring. The improvement of the indoor environment quality (air, daylight, acoustic, thermal comfort) and the associated impact on the students' performance will be analyzed by short-term measurements and questionnaires. The work of the local integrated planning teams responsible for retrofitting the demonstration buildings at each city (Stuttgart, Germany; Cesena, Italy; Ballerup, Denmark; and Drammen, Norway) was mirrored by the Design Advice and Evaluation Group, which is comprised of all industry and research partners of the project. Highlights of the retrofit technologies applied in the four schools include: strongly improved thermal quality of the opaque building envelope components, triple-glazed windows (also in a listed building, i.e., a historic, heritage protected building), automatically controlled natural ventilation system based on CO2 sensors, co-generation unit, ground-coupled heat pump, sub-division of heating circuits, and heating and ventilation system operation adapted to the actual room use, roof-top mounted photovoltaic systems, LED lighting, removal of an external brick façade plus addition of insulation and new lightweight façade envelope, etc. This paper provides an introduction into the EU project. It includes all results and a comparison of the four demonstration buildings, as well as a more detailed description of the German demonstration project.

The project BESTFACADE, sponsored by the Energy Intelligent Europe programme of the European Union, and led by MCE-Anlagenbau, Austria, accumulated the state of the art of double skin facades (DSFs) in seven European countries (Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Greece, Portugal and Sweden). Twenty-eight facades of different buildings in all partner countries of BESTFACADE have been analysed for the aspects, types of facade in different countries, DSFs in different climatic regions of Europe, existing simulations and measurements, thermal behaviour, indoor air quality, comfort, user acceptance, energy demand and consumptions, control strategies, integrated building technology, cost (investment, maintenance and operation), resource conservation, environmental impact, comparison to conventional glass facades (CGFs), integration of renewable energy sources into DSFs, as well as non-energy related issues, such as, acoustics, aesthetics, fire protection, moisture, corrosion, durability, maintenance an...

Mit dem EnEff:Stadt Energiekonzept-Berater für Stadtquartiere hat das Fraunhofer-Institut für Bauphysik ein aktuelles Softwarepaket entwickelt, das Stadtplaner, Umweltbeauftragte, Investoren und Wohnungsbaugesellschaften bei der Entwicklung eines energieeffizienten Stadtquartiers im Neubau oder als Sanierungsprojekt in den ersten Planungsphasen unterstützt. Die hier vorliegende Broschüre erläutert den besonderen Ansatz des Konzepts und zeigt die Vorteile der Software auf. Mit dem Energiekonzept-Berater können bereits zu einem frühen Zeitpunkt verlässliche Aussagen über die Energieeffizienz und Optimierungspotenziale von geplanten Stadtquartieren getroffen werden. Die Software schließt damit für alle Planer und Investoren eine wichtige Lücke: Sie ermöglicht erstmals die vergleichende Bewertung unterschiedlicher Energiekonzepte und Effizienzmaßnahmen, noch bevor die aufwändige Detailplanung und Projektierung einsetzt. Die Software umfasst eine Schnellprüfung zur qualifizierten Einschätzung des Energieverbrauchs von Stadtquartieren, zwei Info-Bibliotheken zu Effizienz-Technologien und Projektbeispielen sowie, als professionelles Planungshilfsmittel, ein Programm zur Modellierung und Bewertung der Energieeffizienz eines Stadtquartiers