Search

Abstract Background Cytoreductive radical prostatectomy (cRP) has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for low-volume metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), but the best candidates for cRP are still unknown. This study aims to explore the potential value of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT-derived quantitative volumetric tumor parameters in cRP treatment selection among patients with low-volume mHSPC. Methods A total of 122 patients with primary low-volume mHSPC who underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT followed by systemic therapy alone or plus cRP were included. The whole-body PSMA-derived tumor volume (PSMA-TV) was defined as the total volume of whole-body PSMA-avid tumor lesions, and prostate PSMA-TV was defined as the volume of prostate PSMA-avid tumor lesions. Spearman’s correlation was used to analyze the relationships between whole-body PSMA-TV and clinicopathological characteristics. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and Cox regression analyses were performed to explore the independent predictors for PFS. Results Among 122 patients, 37 (30.32%) underwent systemic therapy plus cRP. The median and optimal cutoff values of the whole-body PSMA-TV were 71.68 cm3 (41.28–157.41 cm3) and 78.57 cm3, respectively. Whole-body PSMA-TV was positively correlated with prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and patients with nonregional lymph node (NRLN) metastases had a greater whole-body PSMA-TV (P = 0.001). Cox regression analyses revealed that cRP, lower whole-body PSMA-TV and the absence of NRLN metastases were associated with better PFS (all P

This study evaluated the efficiency of the logistics industry in Shijiazhuang City by using the DEA-BCC and Malmquist index models to analyse efficiency changes from 2010 to 2019 and compared them with seven logistics hub cities in the eastern region. The results indicate that Shijiazhuang’s logistics efficiency is high, with leading technology and management levels in the eastern region. Additionally, the Tobit regression model was used to explore factors affecting Shijiazhuang’s logistics efficiency, finding that economic development and locational advantages positively influence logistics efficiency, whereas industrial structure has a negative impact. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Shijiazhuang City enhance its logistics efficiency by improving logistics infrastructure, developing multimodal transport, leveraging locational advantages, elevating economic levels and openness, advancing logistics informatisation and nurturing high-quality logistics talent.

Abstract Objective Osteoporosis increases the risk of fragility fractures, impacting patients’ lives. This study aimed to investigate whether LINC01271 was involved in the process of fragility fractures and healing, providing a new perspective for its diagnosis and treatment. Methods This study included 94 healthy individuals, 82 patients with osteoporosis, and 85 patients with fragility fractures as subjects. RT-qPCR was used to measure the levels of LINC01271, miR-19a-3p, PIK3CA, and osteogenic differentiation markers in osteoblasts and subjects’ serum. Luciferase reporter assays, RIP experiments, and RNA pull-down assays were utilized to verify the target relationships between LINC01271 and miR-19a-3p, as well as between miR-19a-3p and PIK3CA. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed using CCK-8 assays and flow cytometry. Results Compared to the healthy control group, the serum levels of LINC01271 were significantly reduced in patients with osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Furthermore, LINC01271 levels increased with time-dependent fracture healing. In vitro studies indicated that LINC01271 boosted osteoblast proliferation, inhibited apoptosis, and augmented osteogenic differences, whereas its inhibition reverses their effects. LINC01271 and PIK3CA were identified as targets of miR-19a-3p, and overexpression of miR-19a-3p could antagonize the effect of LINC01271 in promoting fracture healing. Conclusion The results indicated that LINC01271 may play a key role in osteoblast function and fracture healing through its interaction with miR-19a-3p and regulation of PIK3CA.

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease, and existing drugs cannot cure OA, so there is an urgent need to identify new targets. Mitophagy plays an important role in OA; however, the role of mitophagy in the OA immune system is not yet clear. Methods In this study, differential analysis and enrichment analysis were used to identify mitophagy‐related genes (MRGs) with differential expression in OA and the functional pathways involved in OA. Subsequently, two machine learning methods, RF and LASSO, were used to screen MRGs with diagnostic value and construct nomograms. At the same time, the relationship between mitophagy and OA immune response was explored by immunoinfiltration analysis. Results Forty‐three differentially MRGs were identified in OA, of which six MRGs (GABARAPL2, PARL, GABARAPL1, JUN, RRAS, and SNX7) were associated with the diagnosis of OA. The ROC analysis results show that these 6 MRGs have high predictive accuracy in the diagnosis of OA. In immune infiltration analysis, we found that the abundance of significantly different immune cells in OA was mostly upregulated. In addition, the expression of diagnostic‐related MRGs is correlated with changes in the abundance of immune cells in OA. Conclusion This study demonstrates that six MRGs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers. The expression of diagnostic‐related MRGs is correlated with changes in the abundance of immune cells in OA. At the same time, mitophagy may affect the immune microenvironment of OA by regulating immune cells, ultimately leading to the progression of OA.

Abstract Background Isolated immunohistochemical indicators are limited to diagnose melanocytic neoplasms. This retrospective study is to assess the diagnostic value of combined immunohistochemical analysis targeting preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME) and p16 in melanocytic neoplasms, with a detailed focus on arcal lesions. Methods This was a single center cohort study from January 2022 to June 2023. A total of 165 identified cases were collected, including 112 melanomas (MMs) and 53 melanocytic nevi, which were composed of 122 acral samples and 43 non-acral samples. Immunohistochemistry(IHC) for both PRAME and p16 was performed in these cases, which was subsequently statistically analyzed to assess the diagnosis ability of PRAME and p16. Results In total samples, the sensitivity and specificity of PRAME(+) for MM are 82.1% and 94.3% (AUC = 0.882, 95%CI:0.827–0.938), while of p16(-) for MM are 31.25% and 94.3% (AUC = 0.628, 95%CI:0.542–0.714); PRAME(+)/p16(-) (meaning as PRAME(+) or p16(-)) displayed a sensitivity and specificity of 85.7% and 88.7% for MM (AUC = 0.872, 95%CI:0.810–0.934), while PRAME(+) &p16(-) (meaning as PRAME(+) and p16(-)) revealed a sensitivity and specificity of 27.7% and 100% in MM (AUC = 0.638, 95%CI:0.555–0.722). In acral samples, PRAME(+)/p16(-) exhibited a specificity of 94.7% and a sensitivity of 86.9% for MM (AUC = 0.908, 95%CI: 0.849–0.968), with sensitivities of 90.9% for invasive MM and 82.5% for preinvasive MM, respectively; The sensitivity and specificity of PRAME(+) &p16(-) for MM is 22.6% and 100% (AUC = 0.613, 95%CI: 0.513–0.714) respectively. In non-acral samples, the sensitivity and specificity of PRAME(+)/p16(-) for MM are 82.1% and 73.3% (AUC = 0.777, 95%CI: 0.622–0.933), while of PRAME(+) &p16(-) are 42.9% and 100% (AUC = 0.714, 95%CI:0.564–0.864). Conclusion Combined IHC of PRAME and p16 contributes to discriminating melanocytic neoplasms, especially for in situ acral MM.

Abstract Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays a pivotal role in bone regeneration by interaction with microRNAs (miRNAs) and constructing a lncRNA-miRNA regulatory network. Objectives This research aimed to elucidate the role of lncRNA CASC11 in the delayed healing process of tibial fractures and to explore its potential regulatory mechanisms. Materials and methods The expression levels of CASC11 and miR-150-3p in serum samples were detected and the predictive capability of CASC11 regarding delayed healing in fracture patients. Furthermore, the study confirmed the accuracy of the binding sites between CASC11 and miR-150-3p. Subsequently, overexpression/interference plasmids of CASC11, along with overexpression plasmids co-transfected with both CASC11 and miR-150-3p, were systematically introduced into MC3T3-E1 cells to investigate their effects on the expression of osteogenic marker genes, as well as their influence on cellular proliferation and apoptosis. Results The expression levels of CASC11 were significantly elevated, while miR-150-3p levels were markedly decreased in individuals exhibiting delayed fracture healing (P

Abstract Objective To systematically review the clinical efficacy and safety of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) combined with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for treating knee osteoarthritis (KOA) and to provide evidence of the effectiveness of evidence-based medicine for treating this disease. Methods Clinical studies on the use of HTO combined with PRP for the treatment of KOA before September 2024 were identified. The literature that met the inclusion criteria was strictly screened out, the literature information was extracted, and the data were input into RevMan5.4 for analysis. Results Ten studies (12 controls) with 625 patients were included. Overall, the visual analog scale (VAS) score (mean difference (MD) = -0.53, 95% confidence interval (CI) (-0.76, -0.31), P

Due to the short wavelength of millimeter-wave, active electrical scanning millimeter-wave imaging system requires large imaging scenarios and high resolutions in practical applications. These requirements lead to a large uniform array size and high complexity of the feed network that satisfies the Nyquist sampling theorem. Accordingly, the system faces contradictions among imaging accuracy, imaging speed, and system cost. To this end, a novel, Credible Bayesian Inference of near-field Sparse Array Synthesis (CBI-SAS) algorithm is proposed under the framework of sparse Bayesian learning. The algorithm optimizes the complex-valued excitation weights based on Bayesian inference in a sparse manner. Therefore, it obtains the full statistical posterior Probability Density Function (PDF) of these weights. This enables the algorithm to utilize higher-order statistical information to obtain the optimal values, confidence intervals, and confidence levels of the excitation weights. In Bayesian inference, to achieve a small number of array elements to synthesize the desired beam orientation pattern, a heavy-tailed Laplace sparse prior is introduced to the excitation weights. However, considering that the prior probability model is not conjugated with the reference pattern data probability, the prior model is encoded in a hierarchical Bayesian manner so that the full posterior distribution can be represented in closed-form solutions. To avoid the high-dimensional integral in the full posterior distribution, a variational Bayesian expectation maximization method is employed to calculate the posterior PDF of the excitation weights, enabling reliable Bayesian inference. Simulation results show that compared with conventional sparse array synthesis algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves lower element sparsity, a smaller normalized mean square error, and higher accuracy for matching the desired directional pattern. In addition, based on the measured raw data from near-field 1D electrical scanning and 2D plane electrical scanning, an improved 3D time domain algorithm is applied for 3D image reconstruction. Results verify that the proposed CBI-SAS algorithm can guarantee imaging results and reduce the complexity of the system.

Abstract Objective To systematically review the clinical efficacy (pain, function, quality of life) and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of frozen shoulder through meta-analysis, and provide evidence-based medical evidence for the effectiveness of PRP in the treatment of frozen shoulder. Methods A search was conducted on international databases (Pubmed, Web of science, Embase) and Chinese databases (CNKI, Wanfang, VIP) to search the clinical studies on the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma in treating frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis/periarthritis/50 shoulder) and their corresponding references published from inception until January 2024. Thoroughly excluded literature not meeting the predetermined inclusion criteria, extracted relevant data from the literature, and input it into RevMan5.4 for meta-analysis. Results This study ultimately included 14 RCTs, with a total of 1024 patients. The results showed that PRP has significant advantages compared with control groups in VAS (mean difference (MD) =-0.38, 95% confidence interval(CI)(-0.73, -0.03), P = 0.03), UCLA (MD = 3.31, 95% CI (1.02,5.60), P = 0.005), DASH (MD = -4.94,95% CI (-9.34, -0.53), P = 0.03), SPADI (SPADI Total: MD =-16.87, 95% CI (-22.84, -10.91), P

To further regulate the coordinated matching of mechanical properties and plastic deformation ability of Al2O3/Cu composites. In this paper, Al2O3/Cu-Cr composites with different Cr contents were prepared by replacing some Al2O3 particles with Cr using a deformation heat treatment process, and the effects of Cr contents on the microstructure, electrical conductivity, and mechanical properties of Al2O3/Cu-Cr composites were investigated with a focus on the contribution of the composite strengthening mechanism. The results show that with the increase of Cr content and the decrease of Al2O3 content, the strength of the composites gradually decreases, and the plasticity and electrical conductivity are enhanced. Among them, the elongation of 1.1 Al2O3/Cu-0.3Cr composites was enhanced from 10% to 15% while the strength was not considerably reduced. The addition of Cr promotes grain growth and dynamic recrystallization, whereas Al2O3 particles enhance the aging precipitation response of Cr particles. The results of strength mechanism calculations show that the tensile strength of Al2O3/Cu-Cr composites mainly consists of Orowan strengthening caused by Al2O3 particles and dislocation strengthening in cold rolled deformation, while the dislocation strengthening is weakened at higher Cr content.

Abstract Alcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) is a common chronic liver disease caused by long‐term excessive alcohol consumption and responsible for more than half of all liver‐related deaths worldwide. The molecular mechanisms associated with ALD were not fully understood. In this study, we performed single‐cell RNA sequencing on liver tissues obtained from ALD patients and healthy liver donors. We identified an ALB+KRT7+ epithelial population that expressed both hepatocyte and biliary markers significantly expanded in ALD livers. The ALB+KRT7+ epithelial cells were demonstrated to have stem cell properties and malignant transformation potentials. Moreover, ALB+KRT7+ epithelium‐derived ALD organoids promote the tumour growth by activating Wnt/β‐catenin signalling of liver cancer cells. Most importantly, blocking the Wnt protein secretion or knockdown the Wnt receptor suppressed the tumour promoting effect of ALD organoids. Our study provides important insights that Wnt signalling can be targeted in patients with advanced alcohol‐related cirrhosis to prevent malignant transformation. In addition, our results also uncovered the important alterations of nonparenchymal cells, especially macrophages and T/NK populations that responsible for active inflammation responses in alcohol‐related hepatitis and immunosuppressive microenvironment in advanced cirrhosis livers, which likely facilitated the malignant progression of ALD. Key points This study provides single‐cell landscape of human liver samples across different ALD stages. The ALB+ KRT7+ epithelium were enriched in ALD patients, and the function of this epithelial population varied significantly across ALD stages. ALB+KRT7+ epithelium from advanced alcohol‐related cirrhosis had malignant transformation potential and tumour promotion activity. The comprehensive changes of parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in the ALD livers lay a hidden danger for the further malignant progression.

Abstract The pursuit of room‐temperature superconductivity at an accessible synthetic pressure has been a long‐held dream for both theoretical and experimental physicists. Recently, a controversial report by Dasenbrock‐Gammon et al. claims that the nitrogen‐doped lutetium trihydride exhibits room‐temperature superconductivity at near‐ambient pressure. However, many researchers have failed to independently reproduce these results, which has sparked intense skepticism on this report. In this work, a LuH2±xNy sample is fabricated using high‐pressure and high‐temperature methods. The composition and structural characterization are the same as the aforementioned near‐ambient superconductor. In situ X‐ray diffraction investigations indicate that a high‐pressure phase transition toward Fm3¯m‐LuH3±xNy occurred in the sample at 59 GPa. The temperature‐dependent resistance measurements reveal that two possible superconductivity transition are observed at 95 GPa, with Tc1 ≈6.5 K for high‐Tc phase and Tc2 ≈2.1 K for low‐Tc phase, arising from the disparate phases in the sample. Resistivity measurements in the Fm3¯m‐LuH3±xNy phase under varying magnetic fields exhibited characteristics consistent with superconductivity, with an upper critical field μ0Hc2(0) of 3.3 T measured at 163 GPa. This work is expected to shed some light on the controversy surrounding superconductivity in the nitrogen‐doped lutetium hydride system.

Abstract The Pleurotomarioidea, commonly referred to as slit shells, constitute one of the most ancient and enduring lineages within the phylum Mollusca, with its fossil record tracing back to the Upper Cambrian epoch. Its rareness and evolutionary antiquity surpass even that of the nautilus. In this study, we conducted the first transcriptome sequencing and analyses of Entemnotrochus rumphii (Schepman, 1879), a representative species of Pleurotomarioidea. Full-length transcriptome sequencing of E. rumphii was performed using the PacBio Sequel II platform with SMRT technology. A total of 64.38 gigabytes of data and 964,550 polymerase reads were generated, resulting in 28,068,998 subreads after data filtering. After de-duplication, correction, and clustering, we identified 19,273 genes. Additionally, next-generation sequencing was performed on 11 tissues of E. rumphii. This investigation provides a detailed portrayal and analytical scrutiny of its transcriptomic landscape.

Let $ d_{a}(n, 5) $ and $ d_{l}(n, 5) $ be the minimum weights of optimal binary $ [n, 5] $ linear codes and linear complementary dual (LCD) codes, respectively. This article aims to investigate $ d_{l}(n, 5) $ of some families of binary $ [n, 5] $ LCD codes when $ n = 31s+t\geq 14 $ with $ s $ integer and $ t \in\; \{2, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18\} $. By determining the defining vectors of optimal linear codes and discussing their reduced codes, we classify optimal linear codes and calculate their hull dimensions. Thus, the non-existence of these classes of binary $ [n, 5, d_{a}(n, 5)] $ LCD codes is verified, and we further derive that $ d_{l}(n, 5) = d_{a}(n, 5)-1 $ for $ t\neq 16 $ and $ d_{l}(n, 5) = 16s+6 = d_{a}(n, 5)-2 $ for $ t = 16 $. Combining them with known results on optimal LCD codes, $ d_{l}(n, 5) $ of all $ [n, 5] $ LCD codes are completely determined.

A polarization insensitive triple-stopband terahertz metamaterial filter is proposed. This filter consists of a flexible polyimide substrate and periodically arranged copper structures on its top. The shape of the metal unit is a “田” inside a square ring. The simulation results show that the resonant frequencies of the filter are 0.107, 0.23, and 0.271 THz; the stopband depths are −35.56 dB, −42.7 dB, and −37.485 dB; the 3 dB bandwidths are 34, 53, and 32 GHz; and the relative bandwidths are 31.78%, 23%, and 11.8%, respectively. Effective parameter analysis demonstrates that the first resonance originates from the negative effective permittivity and positive effective permeability, but the reason for the latter two resonances is opposite to the first. The surface current distributions indicate that the first resonance is electric type, while the latter two resonances are the lower and higher orders magnetic resonances, respectively. Then, we verify the triple-stopband characteristic of the filter based on the equivalent circuit. Finally, the analysis reveals that the performance of the filter is independent of the incident polarization angle. This filter has the characteristics of multi-frequency, broadband, deep stopband, polarization insensitivity, and simple structure, which can be used in terahertz communication, detection, and other fields.

Abstract Hydrogen and hydride materials have long been considered promising materials for high‐temperature superconductivity. However, the extreme pressures required for the metallization of hydrogen‐based superconductors limit their applications. Here, a series of high‐temperature perovskite hydrides is designed that can be stable within 10 GPa. The research covered 182 ternary systems and ultimately determined that eight new compounds are stable within 20 GPa, of which five exhibited superconducting transition temperatures exceeding 120 K within 10 GPa, including KGaH3 (146 K at 10 GPa), RbInH3 (130 K at 6 GPa), CsInH3 (153 K at 9 GPa), RbTlH3 (170 K at 4 GPa) and CsTlH3 (163 K at 7 GPa). Excitingly, KGaH3 and RbGaH3 are thermodynamically stable at 50 GPa. Among these perovskite hydrides, alkali metals are responsible for providing a fixed amount of charge and supporting alloy framework composed of hydrogen and IIIA group elements to maintain stable crystal structure, while the cubic hydrogen alloy framework formed by IIIA group elements and hydrogen is crucial for high‐temperature superconductivity. This work will inspire further experimental exploration and take an important step in the exploration of low‐pressure stable high‐temperature superconductors.

Abstract To investigate how cell elongation impacts extracellular electron transfer (EET) of electroactive microorganisms (EAMs), the division of model EAM Shewanella oneidensis (S. oneidensis) MR‐1 is engineered by reducing the formation of cell divisome. Specially, by blocking the translation of division proteins via anti‐sense RNAs or expressing division inhibitors, the cellular length and output power density are all increased. Electrophysiological and transcriptomic results synergistically reveal that the programmed cell elongation reinforces EET by enhancing NADH oxidation, inner‐membrane quinone pool, and abundance of c‐type cytochromes. Moreover, cell elongation enhances hydrophobicity due to decreased cell‐surface polysaccharide, thus facilitates the initial surface adhesion stage during biofilm formation. The output current and power density all increase in positive correction with cellular length. However, inhibition of cell division reduces cell growth, which is then restored by quorum sensing‐based dynamic regulation of cell growth and elongation phases. The QS‐regulated elongated strain thus enables a cell length of 143.6 ± 40.3 µm (72.6‐fold of that of S. oneidensis MR‐1), which results in an output power density of 248.0 ± 10.6 mW m−2 (3.41‐fold of that of S. oneidensis MR‐1) and exhibits superior potential for pollutant treatment. Engineering cellular length paves an innovate avenue for enhancing the EET of EAMs.

Abstract Interfacial electron transfer between electroactive microorganisms (EAMs) and electrodes underlies a wide range of bio‐electrochemical systems with diverse applications. However, the electron transfer rate at the biotic‐electrode interface remains low due to high transmembrane and cell‐electrode interfacial electron transfer resistance. Herein, a modular engineering strategy is adopted to construct a Shewanella oneidensis‐carbon felt biohybrid electrode decorated with bacterial cellulose aerogel‐electropolymerized anthraquinone to boost cell‐electrode interfacial electron transfer. First, a heterologous riboflavin synthesis and secretion pathway is constructed to increase flavin‐mediated transmembrane electron transfer. Second, outer membrane c‐Cyts OmcF is screened and optimized via protein engineering strategy to accelerate contacted‐based transmembrane electron transfer. Third, a S. oneidensis‐carbon felt biohybrid electrode decorated with bacterial cellulose aerogel and electropolymerized anthraquinone is constructed to boost the interfacial electron transfer. As a result, the internal resistance decreased to 42 Ω, 480.8‐fold lower than that of the wild‐type (WT) S. oneidensis MR‐1. The maximum power density reached 4286.6 ± 202.1 mW m−2, 72.8‐fold higher than that of WT. Lastly, the engineered biohybrid electrode exhibited superior abilities for bioelectricity harvest, Cr6+ reduction, and CO2 reduction. This study showed that enhancing transmembrane and cell‐electrode interfacial electron transfer is a promising way to increase the extracellular electron transfer of EAMs.

Abstract Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) benefit from the introduction of iron in the anode, as its multiple valence states and high electron‐catalytic activity led to improved power densities in MFCs. However, the effect of long‐term Fe3+ release into the electrolyte on the power density of MFCs is often overlooked. Herein, an anode consisting of a three‐dimensional iron foam uniformly coated by reduced graphene oxide (rGO/IF) with a suitable loading density (8 g/m2) and a large specific surface area (0.05 m2/g) for high‐density bacterial loading was prepared. The hybrid cells based on the rGO/IF anode exhibit a maximum power density of 5330 ± 76 mW/m2 contributed by MFCs and galvanic cells. The rGO/IF anode enables continuous Fe3+ release for high electron‐catalytic activity in the electrolyte during the discharging of the galvanic cells. As a result, the hybrid cells showed a power density of 2107 ± 64 mW/m2 after four cycles, facilitated through reversible conversion between Fe3+ and Fe2+ in the electrolyte to accelerate electron transfer efficiency. The results indicate that the rGO/IF anode can be used for designing and fabricating high‐power MFCs by optimizing the rate of release of Fe3+ in the electrolyte.

Abstract Achieving superconductivity at room temperature (RT) is a holy grail in physics. Recent discoveries on high‐Tc superconductivity in binary hydrides H3S and LaH10 at high pressure have directed the search for RT superconductors to compress hydrides with conventional electron–phonon mechanisms. Here, an exceptional family of superhydrides is predicated under high pressures, MH12 (M = Mg, Sc, Zr, Hf, Lu), all exhibiting RT superconductivity with calculated Tcs ranging from 313 to 398 K. In contrast to H3S and LaH10, the hydrogen sublattice in MH12 is arranged as quasi‐atomic H2 units. This unique configuration is closely associated with high Tc, attributed to the high electronic density of states derived from H2 antibonding states at the Fermi level and the strong electron–phonon coupling related to the bending vibration of H2 and H‐M‐H. Notably, MgH12 and ScH12 remain dynamically stable even at pressure below 100 GPa. The findings offer crucial insights into achieving RT superconductivity and pave the way for innovative directions in experimental research.

Abstract Due to the BCS theory, hydrogen, the lightest element, would be the prospect of room-temperature superconductor after metallization, but because of the difficulty of the hydrogen metallization, the theory about hydrogen pre-compression was proposed that the hydrogen-rich compounds could be a great option for the high T c superconductors. The superior properties of TmH6, YbH6 and LuH6 indicated the magnificent potential of heavy rare earth elements for low-pressure stability. Here, we designed XTmH12 (X = Y, Yb, Lu, and La) to obtain higher T c while maintaining low pressure stability. Most prominently, YbTmH12 can stabilize at a pressure of 60 GPa. Compared with binary TmH6 hydride, its T c was increased to 48 K. The results provide an effective method for the rational design of moderate pressure stabilized hydride superconductors.

The discovery of covalent H3S and clathrate structure LaH10 with excellent superconducting critical temperatures at high pressures has facilitated a multitude of research on compressed hydrides. However, their superconducting pressures are too high (generally above 150 GPa), thereby hindering their application. In addition, making room-temperature superconductivity close to ambient pressure in hydrogen-based superconductors is challenging. In this work, we calculated the chemically “pre-compressed” Be-H by heavy metals Th and Ce to stabilize the superconducting phase near ambient pressure. An unprecedented ThBeH8 (CeBeH8) with a “fluorite-type” structure was predicted to be thermodynamically stable above 69 GPa (76 GPa), yielding a Tc of 113 K (28 K) decompressed to 7 GPa (13 GPa) by solving the anisotropic Migdal–Eliashberg equations. Be-H vibrations play a vital role in electron–phonon coupling and structural stability of these ternary hydrides. Our results will guide further experiments toward synthesizing ternary hydride superconductors at mild pressures.

Abstract Purpose This study aims to investigate the effects of chest wall bolus in intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) technology on clinical outcomes for post-mastectomy breast cancer patients. Materials and methods This retrospective study included patients with invasive carcinoma ((y)pT0-4, (y)pN0-3) who received photon IMRT after mastectomy at the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from 2014 to 2019. The patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received daily bolus application or not, and the baseline characteristics were matched using propensity score matching (PSM). Cumulative incidence (CI) of local recurrence (LR), locoregional recurrence (LRR), overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were evaluated with a log-rank test. Acute skin toxicity and late radiation pneumonia was analyzed using chi-square test. Results A total of 529 patients were included in this study, among whom 254 (48%) patients received bolus application. The median follow-up time was 60 months. After matching, 175 well-paired patients were selected. The adjusted 5-year outcomes (95% confidence interval) in patients treated with and without bolus were, respectively: CI of LR 2.42% (0.04–4.74) versus 2.38% (0.05–4.65), CI of LRR 2.42% (0.04–4.74) versus 3.59% (0.73–6.37), DFS 88.12% (83.35–93.18) versus 84.69% (79.42–90.30), OS 94.21% (90.79–97.76) versus 95.86% (92.91–98.91). No correlation between bolus application and skin toxicity (P = 0.555) and late pneumonia (P = 0.333) was observed. Conclusions The study revealed a low recurrence rate using IMRT technology. The daily used 5 mm chest wall bolus was not associated with improved clinical outcomes.

The combination of wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) and rolling offer the advantages of high efficiency, low cost, and fine grain, making it a viable option for the rapid production of aerospace thin-wall forgings using titanium alloy. However, the interplay between various factors such as temperature gradient, deformation force, and prior pass morphology directly influence the morphology and grain evolution before and after subsequent pass deformations, which lead to insufficient overall morphological accuracy and grain refinement uniformity. Building upon theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental verification, this study focuses on investigating the metal flow behavior and grain evolution mechanism during WAAM with in-situ rolling single-pass multi-layers. By establishing correlations between morphology, microstructure, temperature, stress-strain and deformation characteristics, the process optimization strategies of large width-height ratio, shallow melting depth and fixed width spread were proposed. These findings can provide theoretical support for the deformation machine design and the high-precision, uniformly fine grains additive manufacturing of thin-walled titanium alloy forgings.

In this study, the volatile compounds of orange juice with different content of orange oil were identified by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS), and their sensory quality was analyzed via sensory evaluation. Meanwhile, the stability was investigated by rapid stability analysis instrument. The results showed that the detected aromatic compounds in orange juice increased from 19 to 71 after the addition of orange oil, mainly including terpenes, alcohols, esters, aldehydes, and ketones. With an increment of orange oil, the contents of D-limonene, β-myrcene, α-pinene, linalool, sabinene and decanal were markedly enhanced. Further results showed the key aroma compounds of orange oil were terpenes, alcohols, and aldehydes. Among them orange juice with 0.10% orange oil performed the best of taste and overall flavor. In addition, when the addition of orange oil was higher than 0.10%, the phenomenon of floating and sinking, and severe floating was gradually observed in orange juice, which significantly affected the stability of orange juice. This study reveals the effect of orange oil on the flavor and stability of orange juice, which will provide a reference for the processing of orange juice and the development of orange juice beverage.

Abstract Background Atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV) is a newly discovered swine pestivirus, which can cause congenital tremor and high mortality in newborn piglets and subclinical infection in adult pigs, leading to significant impacts on the pig industry. Currently, there is no approved serological method to assess APPV infection status in pig farms. Methods In this study, the envelope glycoprotein E2 of APPV was highly expressed in suspension HEK293 cells, and further an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the recombinant E2 protein (E2-iELISA) was developed and evaluated. Results The reaction parameters of the E2-iELISA were optimized, and the cutoff value was determined to be 0.2 by analyzing S/P values of 165 negative sera against APPV that were confirmed by virus neutralization test (VNT). Specificity test showed that the method had no cross-reaction with other common swine viruses. The E2-iELISA was evaluated using a panel of swine sera, and showed high sensitivity (113/120, 94.2%) and specificity (65/70, 92.9%), and the agreement rate with VNT was 93.7% (178/190). Subsequently, the E2-iELISA was utilized to investigate the seroprevalence of APPV in pig herds of China. When detecting 1368 pig serum samples collected from nine provinces in China, the overall seroprevalence of APPV was 73.9% (1011/1368). Conclusion Our findings suggest that the E2-iELISA is specific and sensitive, and could be a valuable tool for serological surveillance of APPV infection in pigs.

Abstract Background The cognitive skills underlying critical thinking include analysis, interpretation, evaluation, explanation, inference, and self-regulation. The study aims to consider the possibility and effectiveness of introducing the mobile game Lumosity: Brain Training into the learning process of first-year Philology students studying at Qiqihar University. Methods The sample included 30 volunteers: 15 girls and 15 boys, whose average age was 18.4 years. Before the experiment start, the respondents took a pre-test based on the Critical Thinking Skills Success methodology, which was developed by the American scientist Starkey. It was stated that intensive one-month training with the use of the Lumosity premium application in the classroom would improve critical thinking skills. Results The pre-test results showed that some respondents had had quite good critical thinking skills before the experiment as the average score was 22.13 out of 30 points. The effectiveness was evaluated using the Student’s t-test for paired samples. It is established that there are significant differences between standard and empirical values (p = 0.012). Conclusions The research can be of interest to those who study the issue of integrating an interactive learning environment into university and student programs, as well as those who consider critical thinking as a field of scientific knowledge and seek to develop critical thinking skills. The novelty of the study is the fact that students were allowed to use the app only during classes, but the research hypothesis was confirmed. This indicates that an interactive learning environment can be considered as a tool for developing students’ critical thinking skills in the context of limited screen time.

Transcription factor engineering has unique advantages in improving the performance of microbial cell factories due to the global regulation of gene transcription. Omics analyses and reverse engineering enable learning and subsequent incorporation of novel design strategies for further engineering. Here, we identify the role of the global regulator IhfA for overproduction of free fatty acids (FFAs) using CRISPRi-facilitated reverse engineering and cellular physiological characterization. From the differentially expressed genes in the ihfAL− strain, a total of 14 beneficial targets that enhance FFAs production by above 20 % are identified, which involve membrane function, oxidative stress, and others. For membrane-related genes, the engineered strains obtain lower cell surface hydrophobicity and increased average length of membrane lipid tails. For oxidative stress-related genes, the engineered strains present decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. These gene modulations enhance cellular robustness and save cellular resources, contributing to FFAs production. This study provides novel targets and strategies for engineering microbial cell factories with improved FFAs bioproduction.

Compared to conventional materials, underwater metamaterials possess numerous advantages in the manipulation of sound waves, which have garnered increasing attention. In terms of composition, commonly studied underwater wideband metamaterials can be classified into solid-phase pentamode metafluid and water–solid coupling metafluid. The concept of multiphase design in pentamode metafluid allows for decoupling the regulation of equivalent density from that of the equivalent bulk modulus, facilitating more convenient structural design. In typical auxetic metamaterial structure designs, the “re-entrant” mechanism is commonly employed; the skeleton is inwardly bent to a certain extent, enabling the design of a low volume-modulus for each cell. Consequently, a novel type of water–solid coupling metafluid is devised by combining the concepts of “multiphase” and “re-entrant”. Firstly, a straight-sided skeleton (referred to as “ss” skeletal) unit cell is designed, and its compression wave frequency band is determined through analysis of its band characteristics and related vibration modes. Subsequently, the “re-entrant” (referred to as “re”) mechanism is introduced into a unit cell, revealing an increase in equivalent density while decreasing the equivalent volume modulus due to this feature. The bent skeleton provides lower bulk modulus, while multiphase (referred to as “mp”) counterweighting offers higher equivalent density; their combination enables designing more impedance-matched metafluid. Then, a unit cell is designed utilizing both “re” and “mp” characteristics. Finally, acoustic performance simulations and analyses verify that both types exhibit excellent broadband water-like properties within the frequency range of 5000–27,000 Hz. In order to further validate the reliability of the design concept, two pairs of underwater metafluid cells with an impedance-matching effect were subsequently developed, demonstrating sound speeds that are half and one-third that of water, respectively. The skeleton thickness of the “re” cell was moderately enhanced compared to that of the straight side cell, thereby presenting an innovative approach for designing robust underwater metafluid cells.

The development of a sensitive and efficient detection technology for trace toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in water is a pressing concern. In this study, an hourglass-type phosphomolybdate-based metal–organic network with the formula [Na0.5Cu5.5(H2O)2(btmbp)4][Mn(H2O)3]2{Mn[H6P4Mo6O31]2}·10H2O (1, btmbp = 4,4'-bis((1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)methyl)biphenyl) was hydrothermally synthesized. The crystal network consists of a ladder-like two-dimensional layered structure constructed by vertical connections of one-dimensional (1D) [Na0.5Cu5.5(H2O)2(btmbp)4]6+ metal–organic chains and 1D inorganic polyanionic chains. Compound 1 exhibits excellent electrochemical property and a wide light absorption range including visible light to accelerate the electron transfer in redox processes. When serving as a photoassisted electrochemical (PAEC) sensor for trace Cr(VI) detection, compound 1 exhibits a high sensitivity of 330.5 μA·μM−1 and a low detection limit of 0.95 nM (98.79 ppt) along with high anti-interference ability and excellent PAEC detection stability, outperforming most reported polyoxometalate-based sensors and equaling noble-metal sensors, far satisfying World Health Organization standards for Cr(VI) concentration in drinking water. This work provides a new photoelectrochemical sensor material for monitoring environmental pollutants.

Abstract Wound infections pose a major healthcare issue, affecting the well‐being of millions of patients worldwide. Effective intervention and on‐site detection are important in wound management. However, current approaches are hindered by time‐consuming analysis and a lack of technology for real‐time monitoring and prompt therapy delivery. In this study, a smart wound patch system (SWPS) designed for wireless closed‐loop and in‐situ wound management is presented. The SWPS integrates a microfluidic structure, an organic electrochemical transistor (OECT) based sensor, an electrical stimulation module, and a miniaturized flexible printed circuit board (FPCB). The OECT incorporates a bacteria‐responsive DNA hydrogel‐coated gate for continuous monitoring of bacterial virulence at wound sites. Real‐time detection of OECT readings and on‐demand delivery of electrical cues to accelerate wound healing is facilitated by a mobile phone application linked with an FPCB containing low‐power electronics equipped with parallel sensing and stimulation circuitry. In this proof‐of‐concept study, the functionality of the SWPS is validated and its application both in vitro and in vivo is demonstrated. This proposed system expands the arsenal of tools available for effective wound management and enables personalized treatment.

Abstract The liver possesses a distinctive capacity for regeneration within the human body. Under normal circumstances, liver cells replicate themselves to maintain liver function. Compensatory replication of healthy hepatocytes is sufficient for the regeneration after acute liver injuries. In the late stage of chronic liver damage, a large number of hepatocytes die and hepatocyte replication is blocked. Liver regeneration has more complex mechanisms, such as the transdifferentiation between cell types or hepatic progenitor cells mediated. Dysregulation of liver regeneration causes severe chronic liver disease. Gaining a more comprehensive understanding of liver regeneration mechanisms would facilitate the advancement of efficient therapeutic approaches. This review provides an overview of the signalling pathways linked to different aspects of liver regeneration in various liver diseases. Moreover, new knowledge on cellular interactions during the regenerative process is also presented. Finally, this paper explores the potential applications of new technologies, such as nanotechnology, stem cell transplantation and organoids, in liver regeneration after injury, offering fresh perspectives on treating liver disease.

Protective vaccines are crucial for preventing and controlling coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Updated vaccines are needed to confront the continuously evolving and circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. These vaccines should be safe, effective, amenable to easily scalable production, and affordable. Previously, we developed receptor binding domain (RBD) dimer-based protein subunit vaccines (ZF2001 and updated vaccines) in mammalian cells. In this study, we explored a strategy for producing RBD-dimer immunogens in Pichia pastoris. We found that wild-type P. pastoris produced hyperglycosylated RBD-dimer protein containing four N-glycosylation sites in P. pastoris. Therefore, we engineered the wild type P. pastoris (GS strain) into GSΔOCH1pAO by deleting the OCH1 gene (encoding α-1,6-mannosyltransferase enzyme) to decrease glycosylation, as well as by overexpressing the HIS4 gene (encoding histidine dehydrogenase) to increase histidine synthesis for better growth. In addition, RBD-dimer protein was truncated to remove the R328/F329 cleavage sites in P. pastoris. Several homogeneous RBD-dimer proteins were produced in the GSΔOCH1pAO strain, demonstrating the feasibility of using the P. pastoris expression system. We further resolved the cryo-EM structure of prototype-Beta RBD-dimer complexed with the neutralizing antibody CB6 to reveal the completely exposed immune epitopes of the RBDs. In a murine model, we demonstrated that the yeast-produced RBD-dimer induces robust and protective antibody responses, which is suitable for boosting immunization. This study developed the yeast system for producing SARS-CoV-2 RBD-dimer immunogens, providing a promising platform and pipeline for the future continuous updating and production of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Since the 21st century, the closure of domestic uranium mines in Europe has made it one of the world's leading importers of uranium. In recent years, a series of policy adjustments have led to an improving situation for enriched uranium supply, yet the challenge of natural uranium supply remains unresolved. This work divides Europe into five uranium metallogenic provinces based on its geological background and the distribution characteristics of various types of uranium deposits. The intrusive type uranium deposits in Greenland U metallogenic province, the metasomatite type uranium deposits in Ukraine U metallogenic province, and the granite-related type uranium deposits in Central Europe U metallogenic province contain a considerable amount of uranium resources, but their mining activities are difficult to continue due to a series of reasons. Benefited from the unique advantages of in-site leaching and exploitation, sandstone type uranium deposit is the most promising targets for mining among conventional uranium resource types, contains significant uranium resources in the Central Europe U metallogenic province and the Alpine orogenic belt U metallogenic province (378 × 103 t). In terms of unconventional uranium resources, the black shale type uranium deposits and the phosphate type uranium deposits (resources) are equally high potential development targets. Estimates suggest that black shale in Sweden contains 6535 × 103 t of uranium resources, and uranium can be recovered as a by-product from millions of tonnes of phosphate imported annually by EU. Sandstone type, black shale type and phosphate type, these three types of uranium resources hold significant strategic importance for Europe in the coming years, as they can provide ''local solutions'' to the energy crisis.

ObjectivesLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death, and 80–85% of all lung cancer cases are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Surgical resection is the standard treatment for early-stage NSCLC. However, lung resection, a surgical procedure, can result in complications and increased mortality. Recent studies have shown a significant correlation between complications after lung resection and right ventricular dysfunction.MethodsTransthoracic echocardiography-derived right ventricular-pulmonary artery coupling (RV-PAC) was utilized to assess right ventricular function in these patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was also conducted to assess risk factors independently associated with RV-PA uncoupling. The 3- and 5-year cumulative survival rates were estimated with Kaplan-Meier curves, and differences between groups were analyzed using the Mantel-Cox log-rank test.ResultsRV-PA uncoupling was defined as a TAPSE/PASP value < 0.67 mm/mm Hg according to spline analysis. The results of multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that diabetes is an independent risk factor for right ventricular dysfunction after lung resection in patients with NSCLC. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant decrease in the survival rate of patients with RV-PA uncoupling at both the 3-year follow-up (73% vs 40%, p < 0.001) and 5-year follow-up (64% vs 37%, p < 0.001).ConclusionsAfter lung resection for NSCLC, the patient’s right ventricular function predicts prognosis. Patients with right ventricular dysfunction, particularly those with diabetes mellitus, have a worse prognosis. It is crucial to actively prevent and correct risk factors to reduce the mortality rate in these patients.

Abstract Human enterovirus A71 (EV‐A71) is a significant etiological agent responsible for epidemics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in Asia‐Pacific regions. There are presently no licensed antivirals against EV‐A71, and the druggable target for EV‐A71 remains very limited. The phenotypic hit 10,10′‐bis(trifluoromethyl) marinopyrrole A derivative, herein termed MPA‐CF3, is a novel potent small‐molecule inhibitor against EV‐A71, but its pharmacological target(s) and antiviral mechanisms are not defined. Here, quantitative chemoproteomics deciphered the antiviral target of MAP‐CF3 as host factor coatomer subunit zeta‐1 (COPZ1). Mechanistically, MPA‐CF3 disrupts the interaction of COPZ1 with the EV‐A71 nonstructural protein 2C by destabilizing COPZ1 upon binding. The destruction of this interaction blocks the coatomer‐mediated transport of 2C to endoplasmic reticulum, and ultimately inhibits EV‐A71 replication. Taken together, our study disclosed that MPA‐CF3 can be a structurally novel host‐targeting anti‐EV‐A71 agent, providing a structural basis for developing the COPZ1‐targeting broad‐spectrum antivirals against enteroviruses. The mechanistic elucidation of MPA‐CF3 against EV‐A71 may offer an alternative COPZ1‐involved therapeutic pathway for enterovirus infection.

The primary limitation to the practicability of electroactive microorganisms in bioelectrochemical systems lies in their low extracellular electron transfer (EET) efficiency. The proton motive force (PMF) represents the electrochemical gradient of protons generated by electron transport and proton pumping across the cytoplasmic membrane, serving as a crucial energy transfer pathway in bacterial membranes. Nevertheless, the impact of PMF on the EET efficiency remains ambiguous, while the microbial rhodopsin offers a simple and efficient avenue for non-photosynthetic cells to harness PMF. Here, we studied the function of three microbial rhodopsins (Arch, Mac, and cR-1) in facilitating EET via their heterologous expression in S. oneidensis, a model electroactive microorganism. Among these, the recombinant strain expressing rhodopsin cR-1 exhibited the highest output power density of 0.87 W/m2, 3.49-fold increase over the wild-type S. oneidensis MR-1. Our further transcriptomics analyses of the energy and materials metabolism of strain cR-1 showed that the underlying mechanism of enhanced EET efficiency was resulted from heterologous expression of the light-driven proton pump. The results suggested that strain cR-1 effectively expels protons to generate additional PMF and provide extra ATP supply to the cells, which facilitated lactate uptake and utilization, thus enhancing electrons generation in cells. This augmented intracellular electron pool capacity ultimately resulted in enhancement of EET rate and power generation efficiency of the recombinant S. oneidensis.

Abstract Purpose This systematic review aimed to investigate the accuracy of intraoral scan (IOS) impressions of implant-supported restorations in in vivo studies. Methods A systematic electronic search and review of studies on the accuracy of IOS implant impressions were conducted to analyze the peer-reviewed literature published between 1989 and August 2023. The bias analysis was performed by two reviewers. Data on the study characteristics, accuracy outcomes, and related variables were extracted. A meta-analysis of randomized control trials was performed to investigate the impact of IOS on peri-implant crestal bone loss and the time involved in the impression procedure. Results Ten in vivo studies were included in this systematic review for final analysis. Six studies investigated the trueness of IOS impressions, but did not reach the same conclusions. One study assessed the precision of IOS impressions for a single implant. Four clinical studies examined the accuracy of IOS implant impressions with a follow-up of 1–2 years. In full arches, IOS impression procedure needed significantly less time than conventional one (mean difference for procedure time was 8.59 min [6.78, 10.40 min], P

Pan-video refers to the business that takes video as the form of information presentation and interaction.It is mainly divided into three categories: traditional video business, emerging video business and derivative video business.However, how to accurately evaluate the quality of video playback has always been a problem.A pan-video playback quality evaluation model and parameters were proposed, which mainly included: video switching delay, video start delay, video playback pause times and duration, etc.It has been applied in the IPTV quality monitoring system of the current network, and the practice shows that the application effect is good.The proposed research results can be further applied to all pan-video application scenarios in the field of video network products.

Abstract Bacterial infection has been a major threat to worldwide human health, in particular with the ever-increasing level of antimicrobial resistance. Given the complex microenvironment of bacterial infections, conventional use of antibiotics typically renders a low efficacy in infection control, thus calling for novel strategies for effective antibacterial therapies. As an excellent candidate for antibiotics delivery, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) demonstrate unique physicochemical advantages in antibacterial therapies. Beyond the delivery capability, extensive efforts have been devoted in engineering MSNs to be bioactive to further synergize the therapeutic effect in infection control. In this review, we critically reviewed the essential properties of MSNs that benefit their antibacterial application, followed by a themed summary of strategies in manipulating MSNs into bioactive nanoplatforms for enhanced antibacterial therapies. The chemically functionalized platform, photo-synergized platform, physical antibacterial platform and targeting-directed platform are introduced in details, where the clinical translation challenges of these MSNs-based antibacterial nanoplatforms are briefly discussed afterwards. This review provides critical information of the emerging trend in turning bioinert MSNs into bioactive antibacterial agents, paving the way to inspire and translate novel MSNs-based nanotherapies in combating bacterial infection diseases. Graphical Abstract

Abstract A novel composite hydrogel (AM/CMC/B) synthesized from peanut shell biochar effectively adsorbs heavy metal Cd in water and reduces its toxicity to tobacco seedlings. The hydrogel, prepared via hydrothermal polymerization using acrylamide (AM), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and peanut shell biochar (B), exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 164.83 mg g−1 for Cd2+ and followed a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. In pot experiments, the application of exogenous AM/CMC/B mitigated the inhibitory effects of Cd-contaminated soil on tobacco seedling growth. Addition of 10 mg kg−1 Cd resulted in improved phenotype, root system development, enhanced photosynthetic capacity, stomatal conductance (Gs), stomatal number, and increased antioxidant activity while reducing MDA content and leaf cell death. These findings highlight the potential of AM/CMC/B as an environmentally friendly adsorbent for Cd removal from water and for reducing Cd stress toxicity in tobacco and other plants.

The Kangdian region is an important U metallogenic belt in southwestern China and has global significance for investigations of Neoproterozoic U metallogenesis. In this study, we reviewed the findings of previous studies and determined that U mineralization is associated with high-grade metamorphic, Na-rich volcano-sedimentary, and low-grade metasedimentary ore-bearing rocks. Based on geochronology data, U mineralization in the Kangdian region occurred at 830–700 Ma. Neoproterozoic U mineralization in the Kangdian region has been attributed to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. The mineralization is linked to magmatism that included a low degree of partial melting of U-rich basement in an extensional setting. Favorable Neoproterozoic geological and mineralization events in the Kangdian region produced U mineralization, which suggests that this region may contain U deposits. Therefore, studying Neoproterozoic U mineralization in the Kangdian region is important for enhancing the current understanding of the evolution of Rodinia with respect to global events and associated mineralization.

Abstract Analysis of the superconducting properties of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) under high pressures offers valuable insights to guide the design and synthesis of high‐performance superconducting materials. Herein, the effect of pressure is investigated on the superconductivity of a typical van der Waals layered TMDs material, PdSSe, by measuring its transport properties. After initially increased pressure, superconductivity emerges at 10.2 GPa, with a critical superconducting temperature (Tc) of ≈5.1 K, accompanied by the diminishing charge density wave (CDW) that is originally strengthening. Then, the Tc gradually increases with increasing pressure, reaching 12.1 K at the maximum pressure. The study provides experimental evidence for the superconductivity of PdSSe, and to the best of the knowledge, this is the first report on the observation of amplified CDW phenomena under increasing pressure in nonmagnetic TMDs. The abnormal enhancement of CDW transition temperature at low pressure is consistent with the upward trend of resistance, which is related to the electron–electron interaction. Moreover, synchrotron X‐ray diffraction experiments reveal two additional structural phase transitions.

In aquaculture, good germplasm resources are nearly decisive for its development. The hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria), a significant marine aquaculture bivalve in China, has flourished quickly since being introduced from North America in 1997. However, for numerous reasons, it has suffered from germplasm deterioration and uncertain origins. To address these issues, seven microsatellite DNA loci (SSRs) and mtCOI were employed to evaluate germplasm and trace the origins of various Chinese populations. The results of these two molecular genetic markers revealed weak genetic differentiation among all Chinese populations, with high genetic diversity observed across most individuals, except for a few outliers. This suggests an alarming situation regarding germplasm resources in China. Based on results of traceability analysis, the most likely areas of origin for the Chinese populations are Chesapeake Bay and the southern region of Cape Hatteras. This study provides a crucial theoretical foundation for the cultivation, conservation, and subsequent introduction of hard clam populations in China, thereby ensuring the sustainable growth of the hard clam breeding sector.

Climate change is endangering the soil carbon stock of alpine grasslands on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP), but the limited comprehension regarding the mechanisms that sustain carbon storage under hydrothermal changes increases the uncertainty associated with this finding. Here, we examined the relative abundance of soil microbial keystone taxa and their functional potentials, as well as their influence on soil carbon storage with increased precipitation across alpine grasslands on the QTP, China. The findings indicate that alterations in precipitation significantly decreased the relative abundance of the carbon degradation potentials of keystone taxa, such as chemoheterotrophs. The inclusion of keystone taxa and their internal functional potentials in the two best alternative models explained 70% and 63% of the variance in soil organic carbon (SOC) density, respectively. Moreover, we found that changes in chemoheterotrophs had negative effects on SOC density as indicated by a structural equation model, suggesting that some specialized functional potentials of keystone taxa are not conducive to the accumulation of carbon sink. Our study offers valuable insights into the intricate correlation between precipitation-induced alterations in soil microbial keystone taxa and SOC storage, highlighting a rough categorization is difficult to distinguish the hidden threats and the importance of incorporating functional potentials in SOC storage prediction models in response to changing climate.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to study the in-vitro effects of multitarget inhibitor anlotinib on hypopharyngeal cancer cell proliferation and cell migration, and the underlying mechanism, which will provide new drug choices for hypopharyngeal cancer treatment. Methods: The Hypopharyngeal cancer Fadu cells were treated with anlotinib at a concentration of 0, 5, and 10 μmoL/L, respectively. Cell counting kit-8 and the colony-forming assay were used to detect the inhibition of cell proliferation. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay were used to detect the migration and invasion ability of cells. Flow cytometry was used to detect the effects of anlotinib on cell cycle and apoptosis. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to measure gene expression levels. Results: CCK-8 and colony-forming assay showed that anlotinib could significantly inhibit cell proliferative activity. Wound-healing assay and transwell assay showed that anlotinib could inhibit cell migration and scratch. These results showed that anlotinib has obvious antitumor activity. Flow cell cycle experiment showed that anlotinib could promote Fadu cell apoptosis and block the G2/M phase for inhibiting cell proliferation. In addition, anlotinib decreased the expression of HIF-1α. Conclusions: Anlotinib has an excellent suppressing effect on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of hypopharyngeal cancer Fadu cells in-vitro. Moreover, it can play an anti-tumor role through blocking cell cycle G2/M and promoting apoptosis, which may be related to the decrease of HIF-1a expression. Our study would provide a potential treatment method for patients with hypopharyngeal cancer. Level of evidence: Level 3.

Abstract Atmospheric turbulence can cause critical problems in many applications. To effectively avoid or mitigate turbulence, knowledge of turbulence strength at various distances could be of immense value. Due to light-matter interaction, optical beams can probe longitudinal turbulence changes. Unfortunately, previous approaches tended to be limited to relatively short distances or large transceivers. Here, we explore turbulence probing utilizing multiple sequentially transmitted longitudinally structured beams. Each beam is composed of Bessel-Gaussian ( $${{{{{{\rm{BG}}}}}}}_{{{{{{\mathcal{l}}}}}}{{=}}0,{k}_{z}}$$ BG l = 0 , k z ) modes with different $${k}_{z}$$ k z values such that a distance-varying beam width is produced, which results in a distance- and turbulence-dependent modal coupling to $${{{{{\mathcal{l}}}}}}{{{{{\mathscr{\ne }}}}}}0$$ l {{\relax \special {t4ht̂3)}\o:mathrel: {\unhbox \voidb@x \special {t4ht@+{38}{35}x2260;}x}}} 0 orders. Our simulation shows that this approach has relatively uniform and low errors (

Abstract The carnivorous gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) is one of the most notorious ecological invaders worldwide. Here, we present the first high-quality chromosome-scale reference R. venosa genome obtained via PacBio sequencing, Illumina paired-end sequencing, and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture scaffolding. The assembled genome has a size of 2.30 Gb, with a scaffold N50 length of 64.63 Mb, and is anchored to 35 chromosomes. It contains 29,649 protein-coding genes, 77.22% of which were functionally annotated. Given its high heterozygosity (1.41%) and large proportion of repeat sequences (57.72%), it is one of the most complex genome assemblies. This chromosome-level genome assembly of R. venosa is an important resource for understanding molluscan evolutionary adaption and provides a genetic basis for its biological invasion control.