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Focuses on the city of Atlanta, Georgia. How the policies of Mayor Maynard Jackson have dramatically increased the number of black businesses in Atlanta; Atlanta and the 1988 Democratic National Convention; Contracts awarded to minority-owned firms by the City of Atlanta between 1973 and 1988; Bronner Brothers and The Thacker Organization; Impact of the US Supreme Court decision J.A. Croson v. the City of Richmond'; More.

Offers tips on negotiating perks and fringe benefits. Impact of the current economic climate on extra benefits; When it is appropriate to negotiate; Types of packages available; How to prepare before negotiations; Four steps to a successful negotiation.

Surveys several common early retirement plans. Why they have become increasingly popular among companies; Points to consider if offered early retirement; Pros and cons of early retirement; Life after retirement.

Stresses the value to CEOs of a solid second-in-command, particularly in minority businesses. Examples of successful executives in the number two slot; Basic qualities exhibited; Brief case study on Brenda Roberts-Branch, executive vice president of Gourmet Companies Inc.

Addresses the need for industry to develop effective training programs as a key factor in the nation's economic future. Boosting labor pool investment; Causes of the need for increased training; Case studies of corporate training programs; Obstacles facing small business; Bridging a widening skills gap.

The nasal administration of desmopressin [1-(3-mercapto-propionic acid)-8-D-arginine-vasopressin] in humans was investigated. Desmopressin solutions containing 99mTc-labeled human serum albumin were administered intranasally as a spray, using two metered-dose pumps, or as drops, using a rhinyle catheter or a single-dose pipet. Images of the sites of deposition and rates of clearance were monitored quantitatively by gamma scintigraphy. Plasma levels of desmopressin were measured using a highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay. The biological response was determined by measuring circulating levels of F VIII, the antihemophilia factor. The sprays were deposited mainly anteriorly, from which small portions were cleared slowly into the nasal pharynx. In contrast, the drops were deposited mostly posteriorly and cleared very rapidly in large portions; some were swallowed immediately. Plasma levels showed that desmopressin was absorbed to a greater extent after administration of the spray with a 2 to 3-fold increase in the relative bioavailability compared with the drops. The biological response was clearly enhanced after spray administration and produced similar increases in F VIII activity. A linear correlation was observed between maximum plasma desmopressin levels and maximum F VIII activity. The use of an intranasal spray device can deposit well-controlled doses within the nasal cavity, which remain there sufficiently long to provide a clear enhancement in absorption and bioavailability.

The effect of methylcellulose on the particle size distribution and dosing accuracy of pre-metered spray pump devices containing the peptide desmopressin (DDAVP) was investigated. Using gamma scintigraphy, the influence of methylcellulose on the in vivo deposition and clearance of nasal solutions administered as drops or spray was studied. Nasal formulations containing 0, 0.25, and 0.50% methylcellulose produced a dose-related increase in average particle size from 51 μm for 0% to 81 and 200 μm for 0.25 and 0.50% methylcellulose, respectively. However, no effect was observed on the dosing accuracy of the spray pumps. The addition of methylcellulose gave a more localized in vivo deposition in the anterior region of the nasal vestibule. However, the net effect on clearance followed a biphasic pattern which showed an increase in retention time for the 0.25% solution, followed by a decrease in retention time and faster clearance time for the 0.50% solution. The spray delivers well-controlled doses to the nasal cavity. These findings show that viscosity, particle size, and nasal clearance are important parameters in the design of nasal delivery systems.

A new gel delivery system for the local application of prostaglandin E2consists of drug incorporated in the matrix of a cross-linked starch polymer. The properties of the starch powder provide a stabilizing milieu for the labile prostaglandin E2and, by addition of saline, a ready-to-use gel for immediate local administration. The gel offers advantages over existing preparations in terms of chemical and microbiological stability, homogeneity, and dosage safety. This report outlines the pharmaceutical aspects involved in the development of the delivery system.

Discusses the successful opening of Underground Atlanta, an underground shopping, dining and entertainment complex. Minority involvement in the project; Significance for the black community.