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Recent models of depression have shown differences in information processing to be important concomitants of depressed affect. To determine whether the cognitive distortion found in depressed individuals extends beyond self-evaluation and interpersonal evaluation into abstract decision making, 288 college students completed the Beck Depression Inventory and a variety of experimental materials, including a risky decision task in which they circled their preference in each of 30 pairs of monetary risk. An analysis of the results showed significantly different risk preference patterns for depressed and non-depressed subjects. Non-depressed subjects were considered "good riskers" in choosing maximum expected value gains and minimum expected value losses. Non-depressed subjects also exhibited the reflection effect and reversed their preferences when prospects became negative. Depressed subjects failed to show either the pattern of prospect selection shown by the non-depressed subjects, or a significant reflection effect within their own pattern of prospect selection. The poor planning ability and risk taking strategy of predepressive children may have implications for later depression and learned helplessness. (BL)

Examination of the perceptions of business alumni (n=585) concerning their undergraduate education from a consumer satisfaction perspective found that, if students have poorly formed goals for an aspect of education, they are likely to base satisfaction judgments on institutional performance; if goals are well-formed, they base judgments on outcomes of institutional performance. (Author/MSE)