1. Selective Intracellular Delivery of Ganglioside GM3-Binding Peptide through Caveolae/Raft-Mediated Endocytosis
- Author
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Miki Yamashita, Hanae Nodono, Toshinori Sato, Ryohei Otani, Teruhiko Matsubara, and Haruka Maeno
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Cytoplasm ,Polymers and Plastics ,Cell Survival ,Endocytic cycle ,Intracellular Space ,Bioengineering ,Cell-Penetrating Peptides ,Biology ,Endocytosis ,Caveolae ,Biomaterials ,03 medical and health sciences ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Membrane Microdomains ,Chlorocebus aethiops ,Materials Chemistry ,Animals ,G(M3) Ganglioside ,Humans ,Membrane raft ,Receptor-mediated endocytosis ,Raft ,Cell biology ,carbohydrates (lipids) ,Protein Transport ,030104 developmental biology ,Biotinylation ,COS Cells ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,Intracellular ,HeLa Cells ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are major components of the membrane raft, and several kinds of viruses and bacterial toxins are known to bind to glycosphingolipids in the membrane raft. Since the viral genes and pathogenic proteins that are taken into cells are directly delivered to their target organelles, caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis represents a promising pathway for specific delivery. In the present study, we demonstrated the ability of an artificial pentadecapeptide, which binds to ganglioside GM3, to deliver protein into cells by caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis. The cellular uptake of a biotinylated GM3-binding peptide (GM3BP)-avidin complex into HeLa cells was observed, and the cellular uptake of this complex was inhibited by an incubation with sialic acid or endocytic inhibitors such as methyl-ß-cyclodextrin, and also by an incubation at 4 °C. These results indicate that the GM3BP-avidin complex bind to GM3 in membrane raft, and are taken into cell through caveolae/raft-mediated endocytosis. The GM3BP-avidin complex was transported into cells and localized around the nucleus more slowly than a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 TAT peptide. Furthermore, the uptake of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) linked with GM3BP into HeLa cells was similar to that of the GM3BP-avidin complex, and the localization of the GM3BP-GFP fusion protein was markedly different with that of the TAT-GFP fusion protein. The uptake and trafficking of GM3BP were distinguished from conventional cell-penetrating peptides. GM3BP has potential as a novel peptide for the selective delivery of therapeutic proteins and materials into cells in addition to being a cell-penetrating peptide.
- Published
- 2017