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Visual climate change communication has seen increased scholarly attention in recent years, with a strong focus on science communication. However, less is known about the producers of climate imagery. The current article presents results from interviews with 20 photographers engaged in climate change on the challenges they see for climate photography today and the key strategies they use to achieve reach and impact in the digital media environment. Results indicate that practitioners gravitate toward variations of a “gateway strategy,” in which motives and forms of visual presentation are chosen as gateways to bypass the potential resistance or indifference to climate change messages. The article proposes a typology of such visual gateway strategies.

Engaging Vulnerability

This chapter presents a brief timeline of the emergence of drones as a journalistic tool, discusses barriers and challenges to their use and explores key aspects of the roles of drones and aerial imagery in the current media landscape. The drones used in journalism and media production are basically mini-helicopters with multiple rotors that are equipped with cameras. A key property is that they are unmanned and can be piloted remotely, which makes it possible to shoot still images and video from a distance. Photojournalists started experimenting with mounting cameras on remotely controlled flying multi-copters at the beginning of the 21st century. The quick development of drone journalism has also led to more skeptical assessments. A critique has been that although drones increase the use of aerial shots significantly, many times the drone aerials are used as non-essential complementary visuals, which provide context but not content to the news story.

In the high-choice media landscape, satire has the potential to help news and politics break through information apathy barriers and reinvigorate democratic debate. While scholarly attention to the genre of satire has increased, interest in satirists themselves has been sparse. Using a theory of non-deliberative forms of public discourse and the idea of role conceptions, this study presents an analysis of interviews with Swedish satirists working in broadcasting media. Results showed that being Eye-openers and Questioners – meaning providing alternative perspectives and problematizing societal norms – were the primary contributions of satire, according to satirists. There were differing roles to take on when it came to social bonding and solidarity: Unifier, where the aim was to be bridge-building in a polarized debate, and Divider, where the main focus was to inspire critical thinking and foster independence from consensus. The role elements Reporter, Explainer and Solver were also introduced and discussed.

Camera-equipped drones have emerged as an increasingly commonplace tool for media to acquire aerial imagery. Previous research has mainly focused on the innovative aspects and creative potential of the technology. This article argues that early optimistic projections reflected a novelty effect, typical of a culturally embedded idea that new and better technologies continuously replace older ones. Using a historical theory which distinguishes techno-optimistic innovation discourse from actual observations of technology in use, photojournalists were interviewed on the role of drones in news reporting. The results show that the practitioners historicise drones, relating them to previous aerial technologies, and they reflect on current and future uses of drones in journalism based on a notion of phases, where early hype gives way to subsequent drone fatigue. Drones are seen by many as a more convenient tool to do things that journalism has done before, but the convenience increases the use of aerial imagery. The results also show that, although photojournalists see a wide range of potential uses, there are also limitations, including the ideals of the invisible observer, safety concerns, and the perils of over-aesthetic imagery. The post-hype uses of drone photography were summarized in two categories: (a) revealing the site, establishing ‘this happened here’ and (b) presenting scope, or showing how vast or large something is.

Camera-equipped drones have emerged as an increasingly commonplace tool for media to acquire aerial imagery. Previous research has mainly focused on the innovative aspects and creative potential of the technology. This article argues that early optimistic projections reflected a novelty effect, typical of a culturally embedded idea that new and better technologies continuously replace older ones. Using a historical theory which distinguishes techno-optimistic innovation discourse from actual observations of technology in use, photojournalists were interviewed on the role of drones in news reporting. The results show that the practitioners historicise drones, relating them to previous aerial technologies, and they reflect on current and future uses of drones in journalism based on a notion of phases, where early hype gives way to subsequent drone fatigue. Drones are seen by many as a more convenient tool to do things that journalism has done before, but the convenience increases the use of aerial imagery. The results also show that, although photojournalists see a wide range of potential uses, there are also limitations, including the ideals of the invisible observer, safety concerns, and the perils of over-aesthetic imagery. The post-hype uses of drone photography were summarized in two categories: (a) revealing the site, establishing 'this happened here' and (b) presenting scope, or showing how vast or large something is.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 presented Swedish Social Democrats with a dilemma: how could they use the transnational revolutionary momentum to further universal suffrage, without supporting actions possibly leading to violence? In striking this balance, the use of communications was central. This article uses the concept of the media system to analyse the communicative practices and strategies developed by the Party in the early 20th century, and how these were employed between 1915 and 1917, in relation to the hunger marches and revolutionary pressures. The study shows that the Party had established conscious agitation strategies and an elaborate national communication structure, which enabled coordinated opinion activities. As early as 1915, the Party began using these tools to initiate a national opinion movement concerning the food situation. In 1917, faced with the combination of events in Russia and erupting hunger marches, the Party leadership chose to emphasize security and stability, focusing on events the Party could control, such as the 1 May demonstrations. The resulting development of revolutionary opinion in Sweden during the spring of 1917 and the ensuing political changes reflected conscious media management strategies by the Left, who used the media system to navigate and shape a transnational revolutionary moment.

Applying a revised concept of historical media events: The case of an airship landing 1919. Historical media events challenge the original conceptualization of ”media event” by Dayan & Katz (1992), which focused on broadcasted synchronized events. This focus limited the application of the concept to the post war era and to particular types of events. In a recent issue of Media, Culture & Society, commemorating the 25 year anniversary of the publication of Dayan & Katz’ original book, Espen Ytreberg (2017) proposes a revised framework for analysing historical media events, in which he combines the English language tradition established by Dayan & Katz with German approaches (Hamm 1996) that propose much broader definitions. The current paper presents a test of the analytical value of Ytrebergs’ reconceptualization against the case of an airship landing in Stockholm 1919 and discusses the framework in relation to other historical applications of the media event concept (Wilke 2010, Ytreberg 2014, Harvard 2018). The airship landing displays many of the properties specified by Ytreberg as typical for a historical media event: It was pre-planned to insure large crowds at the landing spot and extensive media coverage, it made extensive use of synchronization media technologies such as the telegraph, and it also displayed strong tendencies of mediatisation, almost to the point of constituting a “pseudo-event”. The analysis reveals that the approach advocated by Ytreberg, despite its broader scope, serves as a useful categorization tool, specifying the properties separating historical “media events” from historical events covered by the media in general. However, the analysis also reveals a weakness in the model. While the categorization of different properties of mediatised historical events helps organize empirical observations, it presents a weaker framework for providing explanations. A case in point is strategic actor intent. Organising large-scal

Artikeln presenterar en studie av textreklam i svensk dagspress årtiondena efter 1900, hur fenomenet textreklam diskuterades i pressen, samt försöken att i riksdagen reglera förekomsten av textreklam genom pressreformer

Parliamentary and media discourses are different. Whereas speaking in parliament is, at least on the surface, governed by procedural rules and deliberative traditions, media representations adhere to a narrative dramaturgy. A crisis situation affects the relation between these forms of discourse. When there is a perceived threat against the nation, often the media rally around the flag', purportedly displaying a greater acceptance of the arguments presented by leading politicians or the government. Similarly, crisis awareness limits the room for dissent in parliament, since there is a perceived need to close ranks in the face of an external threat. In this situation, turning to public opinion is not an option for those wanting to present alternative viewpoints. This article examines whether the concept world opinion' became an alternative outside ally for members of parliament (MPs) who wanted to position themselves in the debates on the Falklands War (1982).

Export Date: 5 June 2014

QC 20140625

QC 20140814

QC 20140625

QC 20140916 (Editorial)

What makes a magazine in South Africa promote Scandinavian unity among its immigrant readers and why does a Swedish king endorse attempts to influence pan-Scandinavian opinion through a transnational media event in Sweden, Norway and Denmark? Can portraits of exotic Lapplanders in the British press, enthusiastic accounts of the welfare state in post-war travel literature and descriptions of the liberal Nordic woman as a metaphor for a freer society in Franco Spain really be bundled together under a joint label of 'Nordicness'? How is it that despite the variety of images of the Nordic region that are circulating, we still find this recurring idea of a shared Nordic identity? These are some of the questions the current volume seeks to answer. Covering the time period from the early nineteenth century up until the present and encompassing case studies from Britain, Spain, Poland, and South Africa, as well as from the Nordic countries, contributors to the volume investigate the images that have been presented of the Nordic region in the media in and outside of the Nordic countries, how such images have been shaped by mechanisms of mediation, and the channels through which they have been distributed. The chapters address both specific cases such as media events and individual publications, as well as the structural and institutional settings for mediating the Nordic region., QC 20140916

Book abstract: Social Science in Context is one of the first ventures to explore the relationship between social science and society in historical, sociological and global perspective. What impact has the research in these areas had on society? How are research fields established and to what ends? Social Science in Context is a compilation of articles by an international and multidisciplinary group of scholars. The authors analyse the practical making and discursive aspects of social scientific knowledge and examples are drawn from a broad range of disciplines such as sociology, psychology, economics, and gender studies. The overall aim of the book is to encourage a contextual and reflexive understanding of the complex relationship between the social sciences and society. The bonds of the past and today are made up by reciprocity and involve key elements such as gender and power, science and politics, academic boundaries and global power relations. The book should be of interest to researchers, graduate students or anyone else interested in understanding and reflecting upon the uses, roles and functions of social science in today’s globalised world. Contributors: Eileen Janes Yeo, Per Wisselgren, Jonas Harvard, Frans Lundgren, Anna Larsson, Wiebke Keim, Andrew Arbuthnott, Åsa Andersson, Katarina Kärnebro, Erika Knobblock, Rickard Danell, Henrik Chetan Aspengren, Adrián Groglopo, Ellen Inga Turi, Raewyn Connell.

Book abstract: As catalysts of our present global condition, telegraphs are emblems of modernity. The establishment of a worldwide network of landline and submarine cable connections in the mid-nineteenth century fostered the emergence of new structures and patterns of interaction on a global scale. World politics and a global economy only became possible with the creation of “global communication electric.” This book examines the emergence of this global media system between 1860 and 1930 in four sections—"Inter|Nationalisms," "Agents|Actors," "Use|News," and "Space|Time"—that aim to broaden and challenge popular conceptions of telegraphy. In exploring the varied uses of telegraphy, real or imagined, Global Communication Electric expands the notion of the telegraph as a globalizing medium: of connection as well as friction; of political, social, and economic entanglement as well as disentanglement; and of crossing as well as creating distance in space and time., Distant News and Local Opinion

What makes a magazine in South Africa promote Scandinavian unity among its immigrant readers and why does a Swedish king endorse attempts to influence pan-Scandinavian opinion through a transnational media event in Sweden, Norway and Denmark? Can portraits of exotic Lapplanders in the British press, enthusiastic accounts of the welfare state in post-war travel literature and descriptions of the liberal Nordic woman as a metaphor for a freer society in Franco Spain really be bundled together under a joint label of 'Nordicness'? How is it that despite the variety of images of the Nordic region that are circulating, we still find this recurring idea of a shared Nordic identity? These are some of the questions the current volume seeks to answer.Covering the time period from the early nineteenth century up until the present and encompassing case studies from Britain, Spain, Poland, and South Africa, as well as from the Nordic countries, contributors to the volume investigate the images that have been presented of the Nordic region in the media in and outside of the Nordic countries, how such images have been shaped by mechanisms of mediation, and the channels through which they have been distributed. The chapters address both specific cases such as media events and individual publications, as well as the structural and institutional settings for mediating the Nordic region. Contents: A communicative perspective on the formation of the North: contexts, channels and concepts, Jonas Harvard and Peter Stadius; Nordic media systems 1850-1950: myths, mixtures and metamorphoses, Lars Nord; Connecting the Nordic region: the electric telegraph and the European news market, Jonas Harvard; Media Scandinavianism: media events and the historical legacy of pan-Scandinavianism, Jonas Harvard and Magdalena Hillström; Nordic solidarity in print: the Nordens Frihet Association and its magazine, 1939-45, Tora Byström; Expressions of pan-Scandinavian sentiments in the magazine Fram among Sc, Distant News and Local Opinion

Tales about treacherous Jesuits and scheming popes are an important and pervasive part of European culture. They belong to a set of ideas, images, and practices that, when grouped under the label anti-Catholicism, represent a phenomenon that can be traced back to the Reformation. Anti-Catholic movements and sentiments crossed boundaries between European countries, contributing to the early modern consolidation of national identities. In the nineteenth century, secularist movements adopted and transformed confessional criticism in a new internationalist dimension that was articulated across the whole Western world. A variety of liberal, conservative, secular, Protestant, and other forces gave shape to this counter-image, taking on the function of a pattern from which one’s own ideals and beliefs could be chiselled out. The contributions to this volume show how different national contexts affected the proliferation of anti-Catholic messages over the course of four centuries of European history, and demonstrate that anti-Catholicism constituted a powerful European cross-cultural phenomenon.

Tales about treacherous Jesuits and scheming popes are an important and pervasive part of European culture. They belong to a set of ideas, images, and practices that, when grouped under the label anti-Catholicism, represent a phenomenon that can be traced back to the Reformation. Anti-Catholic movements and sentiments crossed boundaries between European countries, contributing to the early modern consolidation of national identities. In the nineteenth century, secularist movements adopted and transformed confessional criticism in a new internationalist dimension that was articulated across the whole Western world. A variety of liberal, conservative, secular, Protestant, and other forces gave shape to this counter-image, taking on the function of a pattern from which one’s own ideals and beliefs could be chiselled out. The contributions to this volume show how different national contexts affected the proliferation of anti-Catholic messages over the course of four centuries of European history, and demonstrate that anti-Catholicism constituted a powerful European cross-cultural phenomenon.Contents Authors in this volume Yvonne Maria Werner and Jonas Harvard: European Anti-Catholicism in Comparative and Transnational Perspective – The Role of a Unifying Other: An Introduction General Perspectives John Wolffe: North Atlantic Anti-Catholicism in the Nineteenth Century: A Comparative Overview Manuel Borutta: Settembrini’s World: German and Italian Anti-Catholicism in the Age of the Culture Wars Anti-Catholicism and National Identity Laura M. Stevens: Healing a Whorish Heart: The Whore of Babylon and Protestant Interiority in Restoration and Eighteenth-Century Britain Clare Haynes: How to look? Roman Catholic Art in Britain – 1700-2010 Edwina Hagen: Dutch Civic Virtues, Protestant and Enlightened: Anti-Catholicism and Early Cultural Nationalism in the Netherlands Around 1800 Olaf Blaschke: Anti-Protestantism and Anti-Catholicism in the 19th Century: A Comparison Yvonne Mar