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7. Testing the ability of Multivariate Hybrid Spatial Network Analysis to predict the effect of a major urban redevelopment on pedestrian flows

Author

Cooper, Crispin H. V., Harvey, Ian, Orford, Scott, and Chiaradia, Alain J.

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

Predicting how changes to the urban environment will affect town centre vitality, mediated as pedestrian flows, is important for environmental, social and economic sustainability. This study is a longitudinal investigation of before and after urban environmental change in a town centre and its association with vitality. The case study baseline is Cardiff town centre in 2007, prior and after major changes instigated by re-configuring Cardiff public and quasi-public street layout due to implementation of the St David's Phase 2 retail development. We present a Multivariate Hybrid Spatial Network Analysis (MHSpNA) model, which bridges the gap between existing Spatial Network Analysis models and four stage modelling techniques. Multiple theoretical flows are computed based on retail floor area (everywhere to shops, shop to shop, stations to shops and parking to shops). The calibration process determines a suitable balance of these to best match observed pedestrian flows, using generalized cross-validation to prevent overfit. Validation shows that the 2007 model successfully predicts vitality as pedestrian flows measured in 2010 and 2011. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that a vitality-pedestrian flow model has been evaluated for its ability to forecast town centre vitality changes over time.

Published
2018

19. Divergences

Author

Civitarese, Giuseppe, primary, Ferro, Antonino, additional, and Harvey, Ian, additional

Published
2022
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24. Cerebral venous thrombosis after vaccination against COVID-19 in the UK: a multicentre cohort study

Author

Al-izzi, Sara, Baheerathan, Aravindhan, Banerjee, Soma, Benson, Gary, Boshier, Claudia, Buddha, Sandeep, Burley, Nathan, Cameron Smail, Ruaridh, Chandratheva, Arvind, Chudakou, Pavel, Clatworthy, Philip, Coles, Alasdair, Cox, Thomas, Dasgupta, Ranjit, Davenport, Richard, Devine, Darrell, Fenlon, Stephen, Gabriel, Carolyn, Ghatala, Rita, Hall, Claire, Hargovan, Milan, Harkness, Kirsty, Harvey, Ian, Hicken, Lucy, Howaniec, Laura, Ibnouf, Abubaker, Idrovo, Luis, Ingle, Gordon, Kyan Lee, Yong, Lang, Ailidh, McBride, Simon, McLeod, Malcolm, Medlock, Ruth, Mehta, Puja, Morrison, Ian, Muddegowda, Girish, Muzerengi, Sharon, Pang, Donald, Periyasamy, Gopinath, Preston, Gavin, Priestley, Naomi, Revicka, Lydia, Saber, Sadia, Smith, Elliott, Sorour, Youssef, Spooner, Oliver, Stone, Jon, Sztriha, Laszlo, Thambirajah, Narmathey, Thomas, Rhys, Veale, David, Wall, Jasmine, White, Sarah, White, James, Yusoff, Syarah, Zambreanu, Laura, Perry, Richard J, Tamborska, Arina, Singh, Bhagteshwar, Craven, Brian, Marigold, Richard, Arthur-Farraj, Peter, Yeo, Jing Ming, Zhang, Liqun, Hassan-Smith, Ghaniah, Jones, Matthew, Hutchcroft, Christopher, Hobson, Esther, Warcel, Dana, White, Daniel, Ferdinand, Phillip, Webb, Alastair, Solomon, Tom, Scully, Marie, Werring, David J, and Roffe, Christine

Published
2021
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32. Managing the diffusion of medical technologies

Author

Harvey, Ian Keith

Subjects
362.1, Medical care
Abstract

The aim of the study was to understand how and why medical technologies (devices, pharmaceuticals and surgical procedures) are produced (innovated and developed) and consumed (adopted and utilised).Medical technologies are linked to the expansion of health care provision and costs. Policy makers encourage technology assessment to ensure the value of medical technologies (absolute technological efficacy and relative cost effectiveness). This policy, which is underlain by a model of technological determinism, may be ineffective if other factors influence decision making.Three international (UK and USA) comparative case studies were undertaken, analysing the innovation, development and diffusion of specific medical technologies. Annual statistics were gathered on adoption and utilisation rates of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (a device), Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (a surgical procedure) and Prozac (a drug). Literature review supported interviews with parties involved in decision making processes.The widespread adoption of Magnetic Resonance Imaging has been motivated by professional and institutional competition, despite its often inappropriate utilisation, uncertain efficacy and extremely high costs.Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy (keyhole surgery for gallbladder stones) has diffused rapidly, being driven by general surgeon's concerns over their control of the gallbladder. The ease of the surgery has enabled total surgical volumes to almost double.The diffusion of Prozac (an expensive antidepressant) was influenced by high profile uncertainties regarding its safety and efficacy. Subsequently its range of applications have grown, but many of these are unproven, whilst its long term safety profile is unknown.The study concludes that the decision making surrounding the innovation and diffusion of medical technologies is only vaguely related to their clinical efficacy or their cost effectiveness. lntra professional competition is central to the production and diffusion of medical technologies. Technology assessments, being largely reactive, and dependent on clinical reports, are unlikely to prove effective in achieving cost effectiveness. This finding has significant implications for future health care policy making.

Published
1998

36. ON DECK

Author

Waller, Derek, McGovern, Terrance, Schneider, George, Cruijff, Henk, Harvey, Ian, Sileo, Tom, and Christley, Jim

Published
2013

44. ON DECK

Author

Bell, Neil, Parkinson, Jonathan, Harvey, Ian, Cruijff, Henk, Carpenter, Stewart A., and Smigielski, Adam

Published
2008

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