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2. Summary and Highlights of the SPARC-Reanalysis Intercomparison Project

Author

Fujiwara, M, Manney, G. L, Santee, Michelle L, Tegtmeier, S, Gray, L. J, Wargan, Krzysztof, Wright, J, Anstey, J, Birner, T, Davis, S. M, Dragani, R, Gerber, E. B, Harvey, V. L, Harada, Y, Hegglin, M.I, Homeyer, C. R, Knox, J. A, Krueger, K, Lambert, Alyn, Long, C. S, and Monge-Sanz, B

Subjects
Geosciences (General)
Abstract

The climate research community uses global atmospheric reanalysis data sets to understand a wide range of processes and variability in the atmosphere; they are a particularly powerful tool for studying phenomena that cannot be directly observed. Different reanalyses may give very different results for the same diagnostics. The Stratosphere troposphere Processes And their Role in Climate (SPARC) Reanalysis Intercomparison Project (S-RIP) is a coordinated activity to compare key diagnostics that are important for stratospheric processes and their tropospheric connections among available reanalyses. S-RIP has been identifying differences among reanalyses and their underlying causes, providing guidance on appropriate usage of reanalysis products in scientific studies (particularly those of relevance to SPARC), and contributing to future improvements in the reanalysis products by establishing collaborative links between reanalysis centres and data users. S-RIP emphasizes diagnostics of the upper troposphere, stratosphere, and lower mesosphere. The draft S-RIP final report is expected to be completed in 2018. This poster gives a summary of the S-RIP project and presents highlights including results on the Brewer-Dobson circulation, stratosphere/troposphere dynamical coupling, the extra-tropical upper troposphere / lower stratosphere, the tropical tropopause layer, the quasi-biennial oscillation, lower stratospheric polar processing, and the upper stratosphere/lower mesosphere.

Published
2019

3. CIPS Observations of Gravity Wave Activity at the Edge of the Polar Vortices and Coupling to the Ionosphere.

Author

Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Goncharenko, L. P., Becker, E., Forbes, J. M., Carstens, J., Xu, S., France, J. A., Zhang, S.‐R., and Bailey, S. M.

Subjects
GRAVITY waves, IONOSPHERIC disturbances, POLAR vortex, ROSSBY waves, IONOSPHERE, WIND speed
Abstract

A new Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) gravity wave (GW) variance data set is available that facilitates automated analysis of GWs entering the mesosphere. This work examines several years of CIPS GW variances from 50 to 55 km in the context of the Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices. CIPS observes highest GW activity in the vortex edge region where horizontal wind speeds are largest, consistent with previously published GW climatologies in the stratosphere and mesosphere. CIPS observes the well‐documented planetary wave (PW)‐1 patterns in GW activity in both hemispheres. In the Northern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity occurs over the North Atlantic and western Europe. In the Southern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity stretches from the Andes over the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans, as expected. In the NH, CIPS GW spatial patterns are highly correlated with horizontal wind speed. In the SH, CIPS GW patterns are less positively correlated with the winds due to increased zonal symmetry and orographic forcing. The Andes Mountains and Antarctic Peninsula, South Georgia Island, Kerguelen/Heard Islands, New Zealand, and Tasmania are persistent sources of orographic GWs. Atmospheric Infrared sounder observations of stratospheric GWs are analyzed alongside CIPS to explore vertical GW coherence and to infer GW propagation and sources. NH midlatitude GW activity is reduced during the January 2021 SSW, as expected. This reduction in GWs leads to a simultaneous reduction in traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), providing more evidence that weak polar vortex events with weak GW activity leads to reduced daytime TID activity. Plain Language Summary: A new satellite gravity wave (GW) variance data set is available that facilitates automated analysis of GWs entering the mesosphere. This work examines several years of GW variances from 50 to 55 km in the context of the Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices. Highest GW activity is observed in the vortex edge region where horizontal wind speeds are largest, consistent with previous work. Known planetary wave‐1 patterns are confirmed in the new data set. In the Northern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity occurs over the North Atlantic and western Europe. In the Southern Hemisphere, maximum GW activity stretches from the Andes over the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans. In the Arctic winter, GW spatial patterns are highly correlated with horizontal wind speed. In the Antarctic winter, GW patterns are less positively correlated with the winds due to smaller variations around a latitude circle and larger orographic forcing. We show that Arctic midlatitude GW activity is reduced during the January 2021 SSW, as expected. This reduction in GWs leads to a simultaneous reduction in traveling ionospheric disturbances (TIDs), providing more evidence that weak polar vortex events with weak GW activity leads to reduced daytime TID activity. Key Points: This is the first work to present gravity waves (GWs) from 50 to 55 km observed by AIM CIPS with a focus on the winter polar vorticesDuring the 2020–2021 Arctic winter the longitude of maximum GW activity, maximum horizontal wind speed, and the polar vortex are co‐locatedReduced GW activity during the January 2021 SSW leads to simultaneous reductions in daytime traveling ionospheric disturbances [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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4. Observations of Pole-to-Pole, Stratosphere-to-Ionosphere Connection

Author

Haystack Observatory, Goncharenko, L. P., Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.-R., Zalizovski, A., Galkin, I., Spraggs, M., Haystack Observatory, Goncharenko, L. P., Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.-R., Zalizovski, A., Galkin, I., and Spraggs, M.

Abstract

The behavior of the Earth’s middle atmosphere and ionosphere is governed by multiple processes resulting not only from downward energy transfer from the Sun and magnetosphere but also upward energy transfer from terrestrial weather. Understanding the relative importance of mechanisms beyond solar and geomagnetic activity is essential for progress in multi-day predictions of the Earth’s atmosphere-ionosphere system. The recent development of research infrastructure, particularly in Antarctica, allows the observation of new ionospheric features. Here we show for the first time that large disturbances observed in the Arctic winter polar stratosphere (20–50 km above ground and at 60–90°N) during a sudden stratospheric warming event are communicated across the globe and cause large disturbances in the summertime ionospheric plasma over Antarctica (60–90°S). Ionospheric anomalies reach ∼100% of the background level and are observed for multiple days. We suggest several possible terrestrial mechanisms that could contribute to the formation of upper atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies in the southern hemisphere.

Published
2022

5. Observations of Pole-to-Pole, Stratosphere-to-Ionosphere Connection

Author

Goncharenko, L. P., Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.-R., Zalizovski, A., Galkin, I., Spraggs, M., Goncharenko, L. P., Harvey, V. L., Randall, C. E., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.-R., Zalizovski, A., Galkin, I., and Spraggs, M.

Abstract

The behavior of the Earth’s middle atmosphere and ionosphere is governed by multiple processes resulting not only from downward energy transfer from the Sun and magnetosphere but also upward energy transfer from terrestrial weather. Understanding the relative importance of mechanisms beyond solar and geomagnetic activity is essential for progress in multi-day predictions of the Earth’s atmosphere-ionosphere system. The recent development of research infrastructure, particularly in Antarctica, allows the observation of new ionospheric features. Here we show for the first time that large disturbances observed in the Arctic winter polar stratosphere (20–50 km above ground and at 60–90°N) during a sudden stratospheric warming event are communicated across the globe and cause large disturbances in the summertime ionospheric plasma over Antarctica (60–90°S). Ionospheric anomalies reach ∼100% of the background level and are observed for multiple days. We suggest several possible terrestrial mechanisms that could contribute to the formation of upper atmospheric and ionospheric anomalies in the southern hemisphere.

Published
2022

7. Deep Ionospheric Hole Created by Sudden Stratospheric Warming in the Nighttime Ionosphere

Author

Haystack Observatory, Goncharenko, L. P., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.‐R., Erickson, P. J., Benkevitch, L., Aponte, N., Harvey, V. L., Reinisch, B. W., Galkin, I., Spraggs, M., Hernández‐Espiet, A., Haystack Observatory, Goncharenko, L. P., Coster, A. J., Zhang, S.‐R., Erickson, P. J., Benkevitch, L., Aponte, N., Harvey, V. L., Reinisch, B. W., Galkin, I., Spraggs, M., and Hernández‐Espiet, A.

Published
2022

10. Collagen sequence analysis reveals evolutionary history of extinct West Indies Nesophontes (‘island shrews’)

Author

Buckley, M, Harvey, V L, Orihuela, J, Mychajliw, A M, Keating, J, Milan, J N Almonte, Lawless, C, Chamberlain, A T, Egerton, V M, and Manning, P L

Abstract

Ancient biomolecule analyses are proving increasingly useful in the study of evolutionary patterns, including extinct organisms. Proteomic sequencing techniques complement genomic approaches, having the potential to examine lineages further back in time than achievable using ancient DNA, given the less stringent preservation requirements. In this study, we demonstrate the ability to use collagen sequence analyses via proteomics to provide species delimitation as a foundation for informing evolutionary patterns. We uncover biogeographic information of an enigmatic and recently extinct lineage of Nesophontes across their range on the Caribbean islands. First, evolutionary relationships reconstructed from collagen sequences reaffirm the affinity of Nesophontes and Solenodon as sister taxa within Solenodonota. This relationship helps lay the foundation for testing geographical isolation hypotheses across islands within the Greater Antilles, including movement from Cuba towards Hispaniola. Second, our results are consistent with Cuba having just two species of Nesophontes (N. micrus and N. major) that exhibit intrapopulation morphological variation. Finally, analysis of the recently described species from the Cayman Islands (N. hemicingulus) indicates that it is a closer relative to the Cuban species, N. major rather than N. micrus as previously speculated. Our proteomic sequencing improves our understanding of the origin, evolution, and distribution of this extinct mammal lineage, particularly with respect to approximate timing of speciation. Such knowledge is vital for this biodiversity hotspot, where the magnitude of recent extinctions may obscure true estimates of species richness in the past.

Published
2020

11. Middle Atmospheric Changes Caused by the January and March 2012 Solar Proton Events

Author

Jackman, C. H, Randall, C. E, Harvey, V. L, Wang, S, Fleming, E. L, Lopez-Puertas, M, Funke, B, and Bernath, P. F

Subjects
Solar Physics
Abstract

The recent 23-30 January and 7-11 March 2012 solar proton event (SPE) periods were substantial and caused significant impacts on the middle atmosphere. These were the two largest SPE periods of solar cycle 24 so far. The highly energetic solar protons produced considerable ionization of the neutral atmosphere as well as HOx (H, OH, HO2) and NOx (N, NO, NO2). We compute a NOx production of 1.9 and 2.1 Gigamoles due to these SPE periods in January and March 2012, respectively, which places these SPE periods among the 12 largest in the past 50 years. Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) observations of the peroxy radical, HO2, show significant enhancements of 0.9 ppbv in the northern polar mesosphere as a result of these SPE periods. Both MLS measurements and Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) two-dimensional (2D) model predictions indicated middle mesospheric ozone decreases of 20 percent for several days in the northern polar region with maximum depletions 60 percent as a result of the HOx produced in both the January and March 2012 SPE periods. The SCISAT-1 Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE) and the Envisat Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) instruments measured NO and NO2 (NOx), which indicated enhancements of over 20 ppbv in most of the northern polar mesosphere for several days as a result of these SPE periods. The GSFC 2D model was used to predict the medium-term (months) influence and found that the polar Southern Hemisphere middle atmosphere ozone was most affected by these solar events due to the increased downward motion in the fall and early winter. The downward transport moved the SPE-produced NOy to lower altitudes and led to predicted modest destruction of ozone (5-9 percent) in the upper stratosphere days to weeks after the March 2012 event. Total ozone reductions were predicted to be a maximum of 1 percent in 2012 due to these SPEs.

Published
2014
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13. Atmospheric Effects of Energetic Particle Precipitation in the Arctic Winter 1978-1979 Revisited

Author

Holt, L. A, Randall, C. E, Harvey, V. L, Remsberg, E. E, Stiller, G. P, Funke, B, Bernath, P. F, and Walker, K. A

Subjects
Meteorology And Climatology
Abstract

The Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) measured polar stratospheric enhancements of NO2 mixing ratios due to energetic particle precipitation (EPP) in the Arctic winter of 1978-1979. Recently reprocessed LIMS data are compared to more recent measurements from the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) to place the LIMS measurements in the context of current observations. The amount of NOx (NO + NO2) entering the stratosphere that has been created by EPP in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (EPP-NOx) has been quantified for the 1978-1979 and 2002-2003 through 2008-2009 Arctic winters. The NO2 enhancements in the LIMS data are similar to those in MIPAS and ACE-FTS data in the Arctic winters of 2002-2003, 2004-2005, 2006-2007, and 2007-2008. The largest enhancement by far is in 2003-2004 (approximately 2.2 Gmol at 1500 K), which is attributed to a combination of elevated EPP and unusual dynamics that led to strong descent in the upper stratosphere/lower mesosphere in late winter. The enhancements in 2005-2006 and 2008-2009, during which large stratospheric NOx enhancements were caused by a dynamical situation similar to that in 2003 2004, are larger than in all the other years (except 2003-2004) at 3000 K. However, by 2000 K the enhancements in 2005-2006 (2008-2009) are on the same order of magnitude as (smaller than) all other years. These results highlight the importance of the timing of the descent in determining the potential of EPP-NOx for reaching the middle stratosphere.

Published
2012
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16. New AIM/CIPS Global Observations of Gravity Waves near 50-55 km

Author

Randall, C. E., Carstens, J., Siskind, D. E., Zhao, Y., Taylor, M. J., Russell III, J. M., France, J. A., Harvey, V. L., Hoffmann, L., Bailey, S. M., Alexander, M. J., Lumpe, J. D., Yue, J., and Thurairajah, B.

Subjects
ddc:550
Abstract

This paper describes a new data set from the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) Cloud Imaging and Particle Size (CIPS) instrument, from which gravity waves (GWs) at an altitude of 50-55 km can be inferred. CIPS is sensitive to GWs with horizontal wavelengths from ~15-600 km and vertical wavelengths longer than 15 km. Several examples of GWs in CIPS observations are shown, including waves associated with the Andes mountains, island topography, convection, the polar night jet, and the tropospheric jet stream. GW signatures in the CIPS data are shown to agree well with near-coincident but lower-altitude measurements from the Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder (AIRS) in June of 2016. Results suggest the power of combining CIPS measurements with those from other instruments to investigate GW filtering and propagation. The CIPS data set opens new areas of inquiry, enabling comprehensive investigations of GWs in the middle atmosphere on a near-global scale.

Published
2017

20. New AIM/CIPS global observations of gravity waves near 50-55 km

Author

Randall, C. E., primary, Carstens, J., additional, France, J. A., additional, Harvey, V. L., additional, Hoffmann, L., additional, Bailey, S. M., additional, Alexander, M. J., additional, Lumpe, J. D., additional, Yue, J., additional, Thurairajah, B., additional, Siskind, D. E., additional, Zhao, Y., additional, Taylor, M. J., additional, and Russell, J. M., additional

Published
2017
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21. On the seasonal onset of polar mesospheric clouds and the breakdown of the stratospheric polar vortex in the Southern Hemisphere

Author

Karlsson, B., Randall, C. E., Shepherd, T. G., Harvey, V. L., Lumpe, J., Nielsen, K., Bailey, S. M., Hervig, M., and Russell, J. M.

Abstract

Southern Hemisphere (SH) polar mesospheric clouds (PMCs), also known as noctilucent clouds, have been observed to be more variable and, in general, dimmer than their Northern Hemisphere (NH) counterparts. The precise cause of these hemispheric differences is not well understood. This paper focuses on one aspect of the hemispheric differences: the timing of the PMC season onset. Observations from the Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere satellite indicate that in recent years the date on which the PMC season begins varies much more in the SH than in the NH. Using the Canadian Middle Atmosphere Model, we show that the generation of sufficiently low temperatures necessary for cloud formation in the SH summer polar mesosphere is perturbed by year‐to‐year variations in the timing of the late‐spring breakdown of the SH stratospheric polar vortex. \ud These stratospheric variations, which persist until the end of December, influence the propagation of gravity waves up to the mesosphere. This adds a stratospheric control to the temperatures in the polar mesopause region during early summer, which causes the onset of PMCs to vary from one year to another. This effect is much stronger in the SH \ud than in the NH because the breakdown of the polar vortex occurs much later in the SH, closer in time to the PMC season.

Published
2011

28. 2002-2003 Arctic ozone loss deduced from POAM III satellite observations and the SLIMCAT chemical transport model

Author

Singleton, C. S., Randall, C. E., Martyn Chipperfield, Davies, S., Feng, W., Bevilacqua, R. M., Hoppel, K. W., Fromm, M. D., Manney, G. L., Harvey, V. L., Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], Institute for Climate and Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (ICAS), School of Earth and Environment [Leeds] (SEE), University of Leeds-University of Leeds, Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Computational Physics, Inc., Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Department of Natural Sciences, New Mexico Highlands University, and EGU, Publication

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, 13. Climate action, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere
Abstract

The SLIMCAT three-dimensional chemical transport model (CTM) is used to infer chemical ozone loss from Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III observations of stratospheric ozone during the Arctic winter of 2002–2003. Inferring chemical ozone loss from satellite data requires quantifying ozone variations due to dynamical processes. To accomplish this, the SLIMCAT model was run in a "passive" mode from early December until the middle of March. In these runs, ozone is treated as an inert, dynamical tracer. Chemical ozone loss is inferred by subtracting the model passive ozone, evaluated at the time and location of the POAM observations, from the POAM measurements themselves. This "CTM Passive Subtraction" technique relies on accurate initialization of the CTM and a realistic description of vertical/horizontal transport, both of which are explored in this work. The analysis suggests that chemical ozone loss during the 2002–2003 winter began in late December. This loss followed a prolonged period in which many polar stratospheric clouds were detected, and during which vortex air had been transported to sunlit latitudes. A series of stratospheric warming events starting in January hindered chemical ozone loss later in the winter of 2003. Nevertheless, by 15 March, the final date of the analysis, ozone loss maximized at 425 K at a value of about 1.2 ppmv, a moderate amount of loss compared to loss during the unusually cold winters in the late-1990s. SLIMCAT was also run with a detailed stratospheric chemistry scheme to obtain the model-predicted loss. The SLIMCAT model simulation also shows a maximum ozone loss of 1.2 ppmv at 425 K, and the morphology of the loss calculated by SLIMCAT was similar to that inferred from the POAM data. These results from the recently updated version of SLIMCAT therefore give a much better quantitative description of polar chemical ozone loss than older versions of the same model. Both the inferred and modeled loss calculations show the early destruction in late December and the region of maximum loss descending in altitude through the remainder of the winter and early spring.

Published
2005

32. Satellite observations of ozone in the upper mesosphere

Author

Smith, A. K., primary, Harvey, V. L., additional, Mlynczak, M. G., additional, Funke, B., additional, García‐Comas, M., additional, Hervig, M., additional, Kaufmann, M., additional, Kyrölä, E., additional, López‐Puertas, M., additional, McDade, I., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Russell, J. M., additional, Sheese, P. E., additional, Shiotani, M., additional, Skinner, W. R., additional, Suzuki, M., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional

Published
2013
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40. Large-Scale Chemical Evolution of the Arctic Vortex During the 1999/2000 Winter: HALOE/POAM III Lagrangian Photochemical Modeling for the SAGE III - Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE) Campaign

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC E O HULBURT CENTER FOR SPACE RESEARCH, Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J., Fairlie, T. D., Natarajan, M., Harvey, V. L., Grose, W. L., Russell, III, J. M., Bevilacqua, R., Eckermann, S. D., Fahey, D., NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC E O HULBURT CENTER FOR SPACE RESEARCH, Pierce, R. B., Al-Saadi, J., Fairlie, T. D., Natarajan, M., Harvey, V. L., Grose, W. L., Russell, III, J. M., Bevilacqua, R., Eckermann, S. D., and Fahey, D.

Abstract

The LaRC Lagrangian Chemical Transport Model (LaRC LCTM) is used to simulate the kinematic and chemical evolution of an ensemble of trajectories initialized from Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE) and Polar Ozone and Aerosol Measurement (POAM) III atmospheric soundings over the SAGE III-Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE) campaign period. Initial mixing ratios of species which are not measured by HALOE or POAM III are specified using sunrise and sunset constituent CH(4) and constituent PV regressions obtained from the LaRC IMPACT model, a global three dimensional general circulation and photochemical model. Ensemble averaging of the trajectory chemical characteristics provides a vortex-average perspective of the photochemical state of the Arctic vortex. The vortex-averaged evolution of ozone, chlorine, nitrogen species, and ozone photochemical loss rates is presented. Enhanced chlorine catalyzed ozone loss begins in mid-January above 500 K, and the altitude of the peak loss gradually descends during the rest of the simulation. Peak vortex averaged loss rates of over 60 ppbv/day occur in early March at 450 K. Vortex averaged loss rates decline after mid- March. The accumulated photochemical ozone loss during the period from 1 December 1999 to 30 March 2000 peaks at 450 K with net losses of near 2.2 ppmv. The predicted distributions of CH4, O(3), denitrification, and chlorine activation are compared to the distributions obtained from in situ measurements to evaluate the accuracy of the simulations. The comparisons show best agreement when diffusive tendencies are included in the model calculations, highlighting the importance of this process in the Arctic vortex. Sensitivity tests examining the large-scale influence of orographically generated gravity wave temperature anomalies are also presented. Results from this sensitivity study show that mountain-wave temperature perturbations contribute an additional 2-8% O(3) loss during the 1999/2000 winter., Published in the Journal of Geophysical Research, v108 nD5 p1-26, 2003.

Published
2003

45. Global observations of HNO3from the High Resolution Dynamics Limb Sounder (HIRDLS): First results

Author

Kinnison, D. E., primary, Gille, J., additional, Barnett, J., additional, Randall, C., additional, Harvey, V. L., additional, Lambert, A., additional, Khosravi, R., additional, Alexander, M. J., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, Cavanaugh, C., additional, Coffey, M., additional, Craig, C., additional, Dean, V. C., additional, Eden, T., additional, Ellis, D., additional, Fahey, D. W., additional, Francis, G., additional, Halvorson, C., additional, Hannigan, J., additional, Hartsough, C., additional, Hepplewhite, C., additional, Krinsky, C., additional, Lee, H., additional, Mankin, B., additional, Marcy, T. P., additional, Massie, S., additional, Nardi, B., additional, Packman, D., additional, Popp, P. J., additional, Santee, M. L., additional, Yudin, V., additional, and Walker, K. A., additional

Published
2008
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46. Sensitivity of chemical tracers to meteorological parameters in the MOZART-3 chemical transport model

Author

Kinnison, D. E., primary, Brasseur, G. P., additional, Walters, S., additional, Garcia, R. R., additional, Marsh, D. R., additional, Sassi, F., additional, Harvey, V. L., additional, Randall, C. E., additional, Emmons, L., additional, Lamarque, J. F., additional, Hess, P., additional, Orlando, J. J., additional, Tie, X. X., additional, Randel, W., additional, Pan, L. L., additional, Gettelman, A., additional, Granier, C., additional, Diehl, T., additional, Niemeier, U., additional, and Simmons, A. J., additional

Published
2007
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48. Quantifying Arctic ozone loss during the 2004–2005 winter using satellite observations and a chemical transport model

Author

Singleton, C. S., primary, Randall, C. E., additional, Harvey, V. L., additional, Chipperfield, M. P., additional, Feng, W., additional, Manney, G. L., additional, Froidevaux, L., additional, Boone, C. D., additional, Bernath, P. F., additional, Walker, K. A., additional, McElroy, C. T., additional, and Hoppel, K. W., additional

Published
2007
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